success intermediate

success

Stuart McKinlayBob Hastings

Monika Cichminska

Konsultacja: Barbara Czarnecka-Cicha

IntermediateStudents’ Book

matura

www.longman.com.pl

successmatura

Intermediate Students’ Book

Komponenty kursu:

• Students’ Book plus CD-ROM • Activator plus Audio CD• Teacher’s Support Book• Class Audio CDs / Cassettes

Innowacyjny Matura Success Testing and Evaluation Bookzawiera:• placement test,• testy leksykalno-

gramatyczne (A/B), • testy sprawnościowe (A/B),• testy semestralne/roczne, • zestawy do egzaminu

ustnego,• pełne testy maturalne,• propozycje prac

pisemnych i projektów,• propozycje dotyczące

oceniania oraz Test Master CD-ROM umożliwiający dostosowanie testów i innych materiałów do potrzeb i umiejętności uczniów.

Nowy, dynamiczny kurs dla szkół ponadgimnazjalnych, który zapewnia udane lekcje, atmosferę sprzyjającą nauce oraz sukces na egzaminie maturalnym i po nim.

Materiały dost pne dla nauczycieli:

• Testing and Evaluation Book plus Test Master CD-ROM• Placement Test• Program nauczania• Plan wynikowy • Rozkład materiału

Otwarte spojrzenie na świat , inspirujące tematy oraz informacje o krajach anglojęzycznych (Culture Shocks)motywują uczniów do nauki.

Intensywny rozwój sprawności językowych , strategie uczenia się i strategie egzaminacyjne (Train Your Brain) przygotowują uczniów do matury oraz biegłego posługiwania się językiem angielskim.

Czytelne przedstawienie gramatyki pomaga uczniom zrozumieć (Work it out) i przyswoić (Check it out) zasady gramatyczne oraz uniknąć błędów językowych (Mind the trap!).

Nacisk na słownictwo i funkcje językowe umożliwia uczniom naturalne użycie języka angielskiego w sytuacjach życia codziennego (Speak Out).

Regularne powtórki materiału w podręczniku (� ink Back!, � ink Forward to Matura), samoocena ucznia w zeszycie ćwiczeń Activator oraz plany oceny semestralnej i rocznej w Testing and Evaluation Book pomagają uczniom śledzić postępy w nauce, uwierzyć we własne możliwości i przejąć odpowiedzialność za naukę.

CD-ROM oraz dodatkowe materiały uzupełniającew Teacher’s Support Book oraz Testing and Evaluation Bookoszczędzają czas nauczyciela i urozmaicają lekcje.

Maturzystom polecamy:

ISBN 83-88291-79-3

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Unit Page Grammar Vocabulary Reading Listening Speaking Writing1 Jointheclub 6–7 PresentSimpleandPresentContinuous Clubs,societies,organisations Interview:apersonthat Whypeoplebelongtoclubs belongstoaclub 8–9 Whyyoungpeoplejoingroups Speak Out: Givingand justi�ying opinionsjusti�yingopinionsopinions 10–11 Phrasalverbs Article:twogangso�young Givingopinions:paintball Descriptiono�a people games,con�licts person

12–13 Re�lexivepronouns;each other; Relationships;Clothesandaccessories; Extracts�romanarticle Relationships;Describing Ordero�adjectives Adjectivesdescribingclothes clothes

Matura link Życie Verbsinbracketsp.7 Reading skills:Identi�ying �atching p.8 �atchingp.8 Givingandjusti�ying Descriptiono�a towarzyskie speculationp.11 �ultiplechoice p.8choicep.8 opinionsp.9 personp.13 �rue��alse p.11 Photo description p.13�rue��alse p.11 Photo description p.13p.11 Photo description p.13Photodescription p.13p.132 Keepinguptodate 14–15 PresentPer�ectSimpleand Interviewingapartner Present Per�ect ContinuousPresentPer�ectContinuous 16–17 Computersandmobilephones Internet;Learningtouse Photodescription;Speak Out: computers Giving instructions p.17Givinginstructionsp.17 18–19 Article:portablephones 20–21 PersonalletterMatura link Nauka i Verbsinbracketsp.15 �rue��alse p.14; �atching p.18 �rue��alse p.16 Giving instructions p.17�rue��alsep.14;�atchingp.18 �rue��alse p.16 Giving instructions p.17 �rue��alsep.16 Givinginstructionsp.17 Writing skills: Personaltechnika �ultiplechoicep.19 �atchingp.17 Photo description p.17 letterPhotodescriptionp.17 letter letter 22–23 Think Forward To Matura Revision 1 | Units1–23 Aneyeforaneye? 24–25 PastSimple,PastContinuous,PastPer�ect Article:unusualpunishment Photodescription 26–27 Courtroom Article:laughterincourt 28–29 used to�would Crimesandjustice;Criminals; Anti-socialbehaviour 30–31 Newspaperreport Radioprogramme:a�amous Speak Out: Agreeingand personcommitsacrime disagreeing;Expressing opinions Matura link Państwo i Verbs in brackets p.25 Gapped sentences p.29 �atching p.26; �rue��alse p.26 Agreeing and disagreeing p.31Verbsinbracketsp.25 Gapped sentences p.29 �atching p.26; �rue��alse p.26 Agreeing and disagreeing p.31 Gappedsentencesp.29 �atchingp.26;�rue��alse p.26 Agreeing and disagreeing p.31�rue��alsep.26 Agreeing and disagreeing p.31 Agreeinganddisagreeingp.31 społeczeństwo Photodescriptionp.244 S(he) 32–33 �odalso�possibility,ability,prohibition Character�eatures;Personalityadjectiveswith andobligation negativepre�ixes 34–35 Article:maleand�emalebrains 36–37 Phrasalverbs:relationships Siblingsarguingabouthow Speak Out: Asking �or andsking�orand girls�boysaretreated re�usingpermission di��erentlydi��erently 38–39 �orandagainstessayMatura link Człowiekłowiek �rue��alsep.35 �rue��alse p.36 Photo description p.35�rue��alsep.36 Photo description p.35 Photo description p.35Photodescriptionp.35 Writing skills: �orand Permissionp.36 againstessayp.39p.39 Roleplay: negotiating p.37Roleplay:negotiating p.37negotiatingp.37 40–41 Think Forward To Matura Revision 2 | Units3–45 Theworldahead 42–43 �uturepredictions;Adverbso�probabilty �ilmscript:ameteorhitting theEarth 44–45 Article:dangers�acing theworld 46–47 �uture:plans,intentions,arrangements, Youngpeopleataparty timetables,decisions 48–49 Naturaldisasters Agirlispracticinggiving Speak Out: Givingpresentations apresentationMatura link Świat Verbs in brackets p.47 Wordbuilding p.49Verbsinbracketsp.47 Wordbuilding p.49 Wordbuilding p.49Wordbuildingp.49 Reading skills:Reading �rue��alse p.42 �opic presentation p.48�rue��alsep.42 �opic presentation p.48 �opicpresentationp.48 przyrody e��ectively p.44; �atching p.44e��ectivelyp.44; �atching p.44p.44;�atchingp.44 6 Amazinganimals 50–51 Zero,�irstandSecondConditionals; Personalityadjectives Article:apet’sviewo�humans IfandWhenclauses;As soon as, provided that, as long as, unless 52–53 Similies;Synonyms;Animalcategories Article:theoctopus 54–55 Lecture:A�ricanelephants Speak Out: Expressing probability 56–57 Opinionessay:zoosinthe Opinionessayand modern world �or and against essaymodernworld �or and against essay �orandagainstessayMatura link Świat Verbs in brackets p.51 �ultiple choice p.53Verbsinbracketsp.51 �ultiple choice p.53 �ultiplechoicep.53 Listening skills:skills:�akingnotes Expressingprobabilityp.55 Writing skills: przyrody �rans�ormations p.55 p.54; Listening �or speci�ic Discussing visual material p.56 Opinion essay p.57 �rans�ormationsp.55 p.54;Listening�orspeci�ic Discussingvisualmaterialp.56 Opinionessayp.57 in�ormationp.54 58–59 Think Forward To Matura Revision 3 | Units5–67 Success! 60–61 �hirdConditional Successstory 62–63 Extract�romanovel 64–65 Wish,if only Interview:apopstar 66–67 School,work;Successand�ailure Howtobeasuccess Speak Out: Givingadvice Application �orm Application�ormMatura link Szkoła, Verbs in brackets p.61 Wordbuilding p.67 �rue��alse p.62 Giving advice p.66 Application �orm p.67Verbsinbracketsp.61 Wordbuilding p.67 �rue��alse p.62 Giving advice p.66 Application �orm p.67 Wordbuilding p.67 �rue��alse p.62 Giving advice p.66 Application �orm p.67Wordbuildingp.67 �rue��alse p.62 Giving advice p.66 Application �orm p.67 �rue��alsep.62 Givingadvicep.66 Application �orm p.67Application�ormp.67Praca �rans�ormations p.66�rans�ormationsp.66

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Unit Page Grammar Vocabulary Reading Listening Speaking Writing 8 Takingabreak 68–69 �hePassive �ravelling Brochure:extraordinaryhotels 70–71 �ypeso�sports Website 72–73 �ravellingbyplane;Attheairport; Adventurestory Checkingin�ora�light CollocationsCollocations 74–75 Description o� Edinburgh 74–75 Description o� Edinburgh74–75 Descriptiono�Edinburgh Speak Out:Interpretingstatistics Descriptiono�aplaceMatura link �ultiplechoicep.69 Gappedtextp.71 Listening skills:Listening Roleplay: giving and getting Roleplay:givingandgetting Writing skills: Podróżowanie �atching p.71 e��ectively p.72 in�ormation pp.71 and 73 Description o� a�atchingp.71 e��ectively p.72 in�ormation pp.71 and 73 Description o� a e��ectivelyp.72 in�ormationpp.71and73 Descriptiono�a Discussingvisualmaterialp.74 placep.75 76–77 Think Forward To Matura Revision 4 | Units7–8 9 Toerrishuman 78–79 Reportedspeech:statements,time Reportingverbs Accidentreports expressions 80–81 Work;Education Article:storieso�schoolleavers �opicpresentation 82–83 Reported speech: �uestions and Interview: career guidance Photo description Report o� a career 82–83 Reported speech: �uestions and Interview: career guidance Photo description Report o� a career82–83 Reportedspeech:�uestionsand Interview:careerguidance Photodescription Reporto�acareer imperatives meeting Careerguidanceinterview guidance interviewguidanceinterview 84–85 Speak Out:Discussingvisual materialsMatura link Szkoła, Sentencetrans�ormationp.79 Se�uencingp.80 �atchingp.78 Photodescriptionp.82 Reportp.83 Praca Discussingvisualmaterialp.83 10 Mysteries 86–87 �odals�orspeculation;�odalper�ects �Vtrailer �opicpresentation 88–89 Verbs�orstorytelling ShortstorybySaki Photo descriptionPhotodescription 90–91 Adjectivesdescribingplacesandatmosphere Radioprogramme Speculating,givingevidence Descriptiono�aplace 92–93 Storyaboutrivals Story;PunctuationMatura link Człowiek,łowiek,owiek, Gappedtext(sentences)p.88 �rue��alse p.86�rue��alsep.86 �opicpresentationp.87;Photo Writing skills:Story p.93Storyp.93Dom �rue��alse�Noin�op.88 Se�uencingp.90 description p.88; Speculating Description o� adescriptionp.88;Speculating Description o� a Description o� aDescriptiono�a �ultiplechoicep.90 andgivingevidence p.90 place p.91evidencep.90 place p.91 place p.91placep.91 94–95 Think Forward To Matura Revision 5 | Units9–1011 Beautyandhealth 96–97 Articles Article:beauty �alkingaboutappearance 98–99 Adjectives describing appearance Di��erent text types �opic presentation 98–99 Adjectives describing appearance Di��erent text types �opic presentation98–99 Adjectivesdescribingappearance Di��erenttexttypes �opicpresentation 100–101 have something done Hairstyles Conversation;Radio programmeRadioprogramme Photodescription 102–103 Appearance Speak Out:Describing Description o� aDescriptiono�a appearance personappearance personMatura link Człowiek, Clozep.97;�rans�ormationsp.100 Reading skills: �rue��alse�No in�o p.101 �opic presentation p.000 �rue��alse�No in�o p.101 �opic presentation p.000�rue��alse�Noin�op.101 �opic presentation p.000 �opic presentation p.000�opicpresentationp.000 Zdrowie Identi�ying text types p.99 Photo description p.000Identi�yingtext types p.99 Photo description p.000texttypesp.99 Photo description p.000Photodescriptionp.000 �atching p.99 Describing appearance p.000�atchingp.99 Describing appearance p.000p.99 Describingappearancep.000 12 It’sshowtime 104–105 Indirect�uestions Entertainment Conversation Roleplay:visitingLondon 106–107 Art,theatreandmusic Article:NewOrleans Discussingvisualmaterial 108–109 Conversation:understanding �alkingaboutmodernart; modernart; Intonation;Intonation Speak Out:Participatingin conversations

110–111 Baseandstrongadjectives;�ilmsand�V �ilmreview �alkingabout�ilms �ilmreview programmes; Words used in �ilm reviewsprogrammes;Wordsusedin�ilmreviews

Matura link Kultura Sentence transformation p.105 �rue��alsep.106 �ultiplechoicep.108 Roleplay:givingandgetting �ilmreviewp.111 �rue��alsep.108 in�ormationp.105;Discussing �atchingp.109 visual material p.106visualmaterialp.106 112–113 Think Forward To Matura Revision 6 | Units11–1213 Sportsandgames 114–115 Quanti�iers:both,neither,either,all, Reviewo�computergames none,most 116–117 Sportsandvenues;Linkingwords Opinionarticle:whyweplay Discussingaddictionto Opinionessay games sportsandgames 118–119 �hepossessive Pastimes Radio�ootballprogramme Presentationonpastimes Radiointerview 120–121 Sports;Collocationsandphrasalverbs Conversations:makingand �alkingaboutsports respondingtoo��ers Speak Out:�akingand respondingtoo��ersMatura link Sport, Sentence transformation p.115 �atchingp.116 �ultiple choice p.121 Photo description pp.116–117 Opinion essay p.121�ultiplechoicep.121 Photo description pp.116–117 Opinion essay p.121 Photodescriptionpp.116–117 Opinionessayp.121Zdrowie �ultiplechoicep.117 �opicpresentationp.119 14 Whocares? 122–123 Verbpatterns �ood Radioadverts 124–125 Advertising Letterstotheeditor

126–127 Shopping Conversation �opicpresentation Speak Out: �akingand respondingtocomplaints 128–129 Collocations Roleplay:negotiating Lettero�complaint

Matura link Zakupyu i Verbs in brackets p.123 Matching p.124 �opicpresentationp.126 Writing skills:Letter usługi,Żywienie Transformation p.115 �rue��alsep.125 �akingandresponding o�complaintp.129 tocomplaintsp.127 Roleplay:negotiatingp.127 130–131 Think Forward To Matura Revision 7 | Units13–14

CultureShocksp.132–139 StudentActivitiesp.140 IrregularVerbsp.144 Pronunciation�ableinsidebackcover CD 1.1

�extsrecordedonClassCD�Cassette �extsrecordedonCDRO�CD ROM

6 7

Join the club!

Join the club!Read, listen and talk about clubs, societies, youth groups and lifestyles, clothes and accessories.clubs, societies, youth groups and lifestyles, clothes and accessories. Practise Present Simple and Present Continuous, reflexive pronouns.Present Simple and Present Continuous, reflexive pronouns. Focus on describing appearance, identifying speculation, giving and justifying opinions.describing appearance, identifying speculation, giving and justifying opinions.Write a simple description.a simple description.

GRAMMAR AND SPEAKING1 Work in pairs. Tell your partner about any organisations

you belong to or which groups you would like to joinand why. Use these ideas to help you.

sports clubs/teams sports team supporters clubsports team supporters club a political party school societies school societiesschool societies the fan club of a group/singer a charity a charity Internet groups/forums a scouting organisation a scouting organisationa scouting organisation

2 1 . 1 0 Listen and answer the questions.

• Who is Kay?• What people belong to the club?What people belong to the club?

3 1 . 1 0 Read and listen to the interview again. Inpairs, discuss why you think the interviewer doesn’t‘belong’ in The Carshalton Club.

Kay So Lord Parkes, what kind of person joins the Carshalton club?Parkes Well, it helps if you have a moustache.

I’m joking, of course. We are all top professional people – politicians, lawyers, even an ex-Prime Minister.

Although more and more marketing people are joining these days.Kay And what do you all do?Parkes Well, people usually come here to play bridge or enjoy the food. Others come here to relax. Like Sir James over there. I usually only come here on

Friday evenings.Kay And … Tuesday lunchtimes?Parkes Well, my wife is shopping at the moment so I decided to drop in.

Anyway, the Carshalton also has a serious side. We do a lot of work for charity. For example, every day this

week we’re collecting money torenovate the bar in the Royal Opera House.

Kay I see. Finally, can I join your club? Lord Parkes ... you seem terrified!Parkes But, but, you don’t understand, the thing is you’re …Kay A journalist? Even journalists join clubs, Lord Parkes. We’re professionals too …Parkes No, that isn’t such a big problem. It’s just that you’re not one of us. You’re …

Work it out4 Study the table. Then match sentences a-f with rules 1-6.

a More and more marketing people are joiningthese days.

b I usually only come here on Friday evenings.c My wife is shopping at the moment.d Every day this week we’re collecting money.e You seem terrified.f Even journalists join clubs.

5 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of theverbs in brackets.

1 The number of people who take part inInternet discussion forums _________ (grow)very quickly now.

2 She’s got a part-time job for the summer– she _________ (work) as a waitress._________ (work) as a waitress. (work) as a waitress.

3 My friend Mark is in the Scouts.He _________ (often/go) camping at the_________ (often/go) camping at the (often/go) camping at theweekend.

4 I _________ (never see) Hannah any more_________ (never see) Hannah any more (never see) Hannah any more– she _________ (study) for her exams these_________ (study) for her exams these (study) for her exams thesedays.

5 Most of the kids in my class __________________(usually/listen) to soul and hip hop.

6 _________ (you/still/belong?) that Judo club?_________ (you/still/belong?) that Judo club? (you/still/belong?) that Judo club?7 She’s not here at the moment - she __________________

(visit) a friend. Can I take a message?

6 1 . 1 0 Complete the text with the correct forms of theverbs in brackets. Then listen and check.

Every year, during the football season, I 1_________ (usually/spend) my Saturday (usually/spend) my Saturdayafternoons at Dundee United games. Thereare also about twenty away games a year butluckily my friends and I all 2_________ (belong) (belong)to the official supporters club so we 3_________(travel) to the matches on the club’s coach. Itsaves us a lot of money – train tickets4_________ (get) so expensive nowadays! (get) so expensive nowadays! United are almost bottom of the league at themoment. These days we 5_________ (play) (play)quite well at home but our away games6_________ (not go) so well. But the (not go) so well. But theatmosphere’s always great and violence isa thing of the past. In fact, more and morefamilies with young children7_________ (come) to the games now. I (come) to the games now. I 8_________ (always/feel) I’m part of a great big (always/feel) I’m part of a great bighappy family!

Mind the trap!Adverbs of frequency normally come before the mainverb with Simple tenses.

They usually have long hair.I occasionally argue with my parents.

They come after the verb to be and other auxillaryverbs (do, does, have etc).

He is often late for school.She doesn’t usually phone during the day.

Present Simple and Present Continuous

We use the Present Simple:• to talk about habits and routines. 1c• to talk about facts and generalisations. 2c• with state verbs (believe, belong, know, like, prefer,remember, see, seem,want, understand) when wedescribe what is happening now. 3c

NOT you are seeming terrified.

We use the Present Continuous:• to talk about actions happening now. 4c• to talk about temporary situations. 5c• to talk about changes. 6c

7 Work in pairs. Choose a club from Exercise 1. Whydo you think people join this club? Choose 5 of theseideas and compare your answers with another pair.

• find an alternative family • have fun• learn new skills • have a strong identity• help your career • help other people• feel special or different • feel safe/stronger• escape from everyday life • make new friends• find people similar to you • be fashionable

8 Work in pairs. Think of a group of people your ownage that you spend a lot of time with and answer thequestions. Then tell your partner.

• How do you usually spend your time together?• Is anything interesting happening or changing

in your group at the moment?

8 9

Join the club!

SPEAKING AND LISTENING1 In pairs, look at the photos and answer the questions.

• Were/are any of the fashions above popular inyour country.

• Does the music you like influence the clothesyou wear or your hairstyle? Why?/Why not?

2 Check you understand these words. Use a dictionaryto help you.

(anti)commercial role model peer peerpeeracceptance fashion youth (adj) fashion youth (adj)fashion youth (adj) youth (adj)youth (adj)

3 1 . 1 0 Listen and match speakers 1-3 with opinions a-c.

1 Jane Webb c2 Mark Mondale c3 Matt Hodges c

a Money and business is behind fashion andlifestyles.

b Gangs are a way to share music, have fun andfind acceptance.

c Young people look for values and acceptancefrom people the same age.

4 1 . 1 0 Read the questions. Then listen again andcircle the correct answers.

1 Jane Webb is an expert ona sociology.b psychology.psychology.c student unions.student unions.

2 According to Jane Webb, when young peoplereach their teensa they look for new role models in their lives.b they accept the values of the adult world.c their parents and older brothers and sisters

are against them.

3 Mark Mondale believes thata teenagers are the same as sixty years ago.b business makes a lot of money from every

new fashion.c teenagers look for answers from people

their own age.

4 Matt Hodges thinks thata when young people become friends they

start listening to the same kind of music.b music is the reason that many peoplemusic is the reason that many people

become friends.c young people have fun with one group ofyoung people have fun with one group of

people and look for help from another.

5 Both Dr Webb and Dr Mondale think thata Matt’s answer proves their theories.Matt’s answer proves their theories.b young people can’t think for themselves.young people can’t think for themselves.c psychology doesn’t give easy answers forpsychology doesn’t give easy answers for

how teenagers behave.

6 The radio programme isa a phone-in.a phone-in.b a documentary.a documentary.c a studio discussion.a studio discussion.

5 1 . 1 0 Listen to the extracts. Underline the words/phrases the speakers use to give their opinion. Circlethe phrases when they start to explain or justify theiropinion.

6 Study Speak Out. Then complete the table with thephrases you chose in Exercise 4.

Mind the trap!We only use frankly (speaking) to give an opinionwhich we think is controversial or unpopular.

Frankly, this lesson is a waste of time!

Personally/To be honest, I love chocolatemilkshakes! NOT Frankly

7 1 . 1 0 Complete the conversation with expressionsfromSpeak Out. Then listen and check.

Kat Did you hear that discussion programme on Thames Radio last night? About why young people belong to different groups?Jay Yes, I did. 1_________, I thought it was pretty awful. 2_________, the presenter couldn’t even control the guests!Kat 3_________, I found those two academics, I found those two academics really irritating. 4_________ … making … making generalisations about young people is so unhelpful.Jay I’m glad that young guy mentioned music though. 5_________, that’s the most, that’s the most important thing.

8 Work in pairs. Give your opinions on the topics belowand justify them. Use Speak Out to help you.

1 Are friends more important than family formost young people?

2 Is it a waste of time and money to befashionable?

3 Do people’s tastes in music have the mostinfluence on how they look and behave?

4 Is it useful to make generalisations aboutyoung people?

It seems to me that it’s all a natural part of becoming an adult. The thing is, when young people are in their teens, they start to question the values and lifestyles of the adult world they see around them.

As far as I’m concerned becoming a Goth or

a skater has absolutely nothing to do with

looking for role models. Look at young people

sixty years ago – they looked and behaved

like younger versions of their parents

Frankly, it’s all about money. If you think about it, every new youth fashion makes millions of dollars.

Personally, I believe it’s all about music.

I’m into nu-metal, my favourite band is

BioToxine.

SPEAK OUT | Giving and justifying opinions

Giving opinions Justifying opinions

In my opinion Everybody knows thatIf you ask me The reason why … is …To be honest I mean_________ __________________ __________________ __________________

1

2

3

4

10 11

Join the club!

READING AND VOCABULARY1 Inpairs,lookatthepicturesandthetitleofthe

article.Whatdoyouthinkitisabout?Thenquicklyreadthetextandcheckyourpredictions.

2 Readthetextagain.Arethestatementstrue(T)orfalse(F)?

1 T�� ’� �� c

2 T�� k �� q�� c

3 T�� ’� ��k �� c

4 �� ’� �� w�� c

5 O�� k�� ’� �� c

6 A� �� G�� c

3 Lookatthissentencefromthetextandanswerthequestions.

It seems to be quiet but you feel that at any moment a fight could start.

1 W�� ? a A �� – ��

�� w�� b �� – �� w��’� ��/�� – �� w��’� ��/

�� w��

2 W�� w�� w�� Q�� 1?

4 Findandunderlinethewordswhichsuggestthatthesesentencesarespeculation.

1 T�� 3 �� M�� w�� 4 M�� ’� �� G��

�� 5 E��

5 StudyTrainYourBrainandcheckyouranswerstoExercise4.

� ReadDan’simpressionsofthedayagain.Underlinethestatementswhicharespeculation.UseTrainYourBraintohelpyou.

� VocabularyFindphrasalverbs1–6inthetextandmatchthemwithmeaningsa–f.–f.f.

1 �� c 4 �� w�� c 2 �� w�� c 5 �� w� c 3 �� c 6 �� c

a �� q��

b �� w��c �� d �� w��e w�� w��

��f �� w�� ’� ��

8 CompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformofaphrasalverbfromExercise7.

1 I �� _________ �� !

2 Y�� I ��’� k��w w�� _________ �� _________ ��

3 T�� k�� w�� _________ w�� _________ w�� w�� ’� ��

4 G�� w��! I _________ M�� _________ M�� M�� k�� H�’� �� w!

5 T�� w�� … �� _________ ��_________ ��

6 T�� _________ �� k ��_________ �� k �� k ��

� Workinpairsandanswerthequestions.

1 D� �� k �� ?

2 �� w��k w�� ? G�� SpeakOut �� 9��

3 W�� w�� w�� ? G�� w� �� w ��

• �� • �� • �� w�• ��k�� • ��

TRAIN YOUR BRAIN | Reading skills

Identifying speculation

Writersoftenusespeculationwhentheydon’tknowallthefacts.Toidentifyspeculation:1 Readstatementscarefullyandtrytodecideifitisa

definitefactoranimpression/guess.2 Lookoutfortypicalwordsorphraseswhichsuggest

astatementisanimpression/guess.

WordsoftenusedforspeculationModalverbs–could,mightOtherverbs–seem,appear,look,think,feel,believeAdverbs–possibly,probably,maybe,perhaps

It’s a typical Saturday afternoon on Cathedral Square in Peterborough, in the east of England. Two noisy gangs of young people are sitting in the centre of the square. One group are wearing tracksuits and baseball caps and brand-new white trainers. A lot of them are wearing jewellery like gold chains and earrings. They’re the ‘Chavs’. Opposite them are the ‘Goths’. They’re wearing black Doctor Marten boots, long black coats and black T-shirts with the names of their favourite bands on them. Some of them are wearing lipstick and eye-liner and a few of them have piercings. Nervous shoppers hurry past them, trying not to make eye contact. It seems to be quiet but you feel that at any moment a fight could start. The police say these young people are probably harmless – perhaps they just hang around the square because there’s nothing better to do. But older people say they are tired of putting up with the noise and litter. These kinds of problems certainly aren’t unique

Off the streetsDan: ‘I almost didn’t come this morning but my friends persuaded me. There was a lot of aggression to begin with but everyone calmed down in the end. I bumped into an old friend from primary school who I hadn’t spoken to for years but he seems just the same as ever - in fact I got on with him really well. The atmosphere in town is probably a lot better now.’

to Peterborough. But after trying several different methods, Peterborough City Council has a radical plan to change things.

The council’s controversial plan to bring peace to the city starts on a Tuesday morning during the half-term holiday. A group of fourteen Chavs and Goths of both sexes are travelling by bus to a secret location in the countryside, ten miles out of town. There are more Chavs than Goths – maybe it’s hard for some Goths to get up in the mornings! When they finally arrive, supervisors ask them to put on camouflage clothing. And then the two gangs spend the rest of the morning pretending to shoot at each other.

Don’t worry – the guns are not real (they fire plastic balls filled with paint) and it’s all for fun. But isn’t it dangerous to fight aggression with aggression? Is a game of paintball really the best way to bring young people together? Steve Mayes, the organiser of the event, feels that it is. He thinks these controversial games give the two groups something to do and can start them talking. ‘It gets rid of a lot of energy too – it’s much better than playing games on playstations and Xboxes,’ he says. Meanwhile, the Chavs and Goths are fooling around: there’s a lot of shouting and laughter and everyone appears to be having fun.

At the end of the day Steve Mayes believes the event was a success - the two groups are already talking to each other. ‘It’s like football,’ says Denise, another organiser. ‘You choose which team you belong to. But at the end of the day, Chavs and Goths are the same sort of people’.

Off the streets | lead story

12 13

Join the club!

GRAMMAR AND READING1 1 . 1 0 Quickly read texts A–C and answer the

questions.

Which person …1 doesn’t belong to a gang? c2 has known the people in his/her gang since childhood? c3 has similar interests to other people in his/her gang? c

Work it out2 Look at texts A and B and complete the table.

5 Complete the sentences with the correct reflexivepronoun. Tick the sentences in which the pronounmeans independently.

1 You shouldn’t blame _________ for notpassing the exam. It was very hard. c

2 Mike’s working part-time. He has to payfor his studies _________._________.. c

3 Be careful with that knife – you don’twant to cut _________!_________!! c

4 I grew these tomatoes _________.tomatoes _________._________._________.. c5 Nobody helped us so we had to do it _________._________.. c6 Please behave _________. You’re both_________. You’re both. You’re both being very naughty. c

6 Complete the sentences with the correct reflexivepronoun or each other.

1 Richard and Kate are the perfect couple.They really love _________._________..

2 Tom’s vain. He’s really in love with _________._________..3 Although they both live in Spain, they speak

to _________ in French._________ in French.in French.4 She’s weird – she’s always talking to _________._________..5 Everyone in our gang really gets on with

_________..

7 Write sentences about your relationships with yourfriends. Use reflexive pronouns or each other and theverbs below. Use the texts in Exercise 1 to help you.

argue with get on with understand textwith get on with understand textwith get on with understand text get on with understand textget on with understand text understand textunderstand text textbelieve in help make fun of enjoy phone help make fun of enjoy phonehelp make fun of enjoy phone make fun of enjoy phonemake fun of enjoy phone enjoy phoneenjoy phone phone

My friends and I spend a lot of time together and text each other in the evenings. We often meet on Saturday afternoons and we always enjoy ourselves …

3 Put the adjectives in the correct order. Use the table in Exercise 2 to help you.

striped/a(n)/old-fashioned/cotton shirtsilk/large/a/blue blouseblack/leather/tight trousersnylon/cheap/white/a tracksuitcotton/beige/baggy shortsred/bright lipstick horrible/grey/woollen sockslong/with a band logo on it/a/a T-shirtripped/with a patch/denim jeans

VOCABULARY AND WRITING1 Think Back! Work in pairs. Put each word into the correct group. Then add

as many other words as you can think of in three minutes.

(gold) chain boots eyeliner sweater trainers coat boots eyeliner sweater trainers coatboots eyeliner sweater trainers coat eyeliner sweater trainers coateyeliner sweater trainers coat sweater trainers coatsweater trainers coat trainers coatearrings lipstick tracksuits T-shirt

2 Look at the texts below and complete the table for the nouns in bold.

Mind the Trap!We don’t normally use reflexive pronouns with theseverbs:wash, dress, shave, brush.

I shave before I have a shower. NOT I shave myself.

A I met my friends at college so they all live in different parts of town but we have one thing in common – we’re all crazy about nu-metal. In fact, we’re teaching ourselves to play the guitar. We always really enjoy ourselves when we meet up at weekends.

C I think it’s really important to belong to a gang. I hang around with other people from the estate. We’re all into different clothes and music but we all grew up together and that’s really important. We spend a lot of time on the phone to each otherand help each other with our problems.

clothes make up footwear jewellery

Reflexive Pronouns

1st person 2nd person 3rd person

Singular _______ yourself himself herself Plural _______ yourselves _______

3 Look at the sentences and answer the questions.

1 We always enjoy ourselves when we meet.2 I decide what clothes I wear myself.

In which sentence does the reflexive pronounmean without any help/independently? Wheredoes the reflexive pronoun go in the sentencewhen it has this meaning?

4 Look at the sentence and decide what the context is.

We make fun of each other a lot.

a I laugh at myself and my friend laughs at herself.b I laugh at my friend and she laughs at me.

4 Work in pairs and follow theinstructions.

• Look at the photos of theChavs and Goths on page10 and choose one person.

• Describe what he/she iswearing.

• Try and guess who yourpartner is describing.

5 Choose a fashion or style thatis popular with a group ofpeople in your country. Write adescription of about 200-250words.

• Paragraph 1Mention the clothes,accessories and make-upthey usually wear.

• Paragraph 2Mention the kind of musicthey listen to.

• Paragraph 3 Mention how they typicallyMention how they typicallyhow they typically

spend their free time.3 Put3 Put3 the adjectives in the correct order. Use the table in Exercise 2 to help you.

Describing clothes – order of adjectives

opinion size/ colour/ style/cut material (compound) preposition + length shade noun noun phrase

trendy – – baggy – top with a hood

– long – baggy – combat – trousers

FASHION TRENDS

Callum is wearing a trendybaggy top with a hood, abrown cap, long baggycombat trousers, a chainand trainers. He’s alsowearing a charity bracelet.

Hannah is wearing a stylishcotton T-shirt with a design,a short denim jacket, bluecropped jeans, a studdedbelt and long leather boots.She’s wearing eyeliner andmascara.

WHATS NEWON THE

HIGH STREET

B I think gangs are pathetic. People in gangs think they’re better than anyone who’s different to them – they take themselves so seriously. I prefer to decide what music I buy and what I wear myself. I don’t want to be just one of the crowd.

One of the gang?

TapescriptGrammar and Speaking, Exercise 2

Kay SoLordParkes,whatkindofpersonjoinstheCarshaltonclub?

Parkes Well,ithelpsifyouhaveamoustache.I’mjoking,ofcourse.Wearealltopprofessionalpeople–politicians,lawyers,evenanex-PrimeMinister.Althoughmoreandmoremarketingpeoplearejoiningthesedays.

Kay Andwhatdoyoualldo?Parkes Well,peopleusuallycomeheretoplay

bridgeorenjoythefood.Otherscomeheretorelax.LikeSirJamesoverthere.IusuallyonlycomehereonFridayevenings.

Kay And…Tuesdaylunchtimes?Parkes Well,mywifeisshoppingatthemoment

soIdecidedtodropin.Anyway,theCarshaltonalsohasaseriousside.Wedoalotofworkforcharity.Forexample,everydaythisweekwe’recollectingmoneytorenovatethebarintheRoyalOperaHouse.

Kay Isee.Finally,canIjoinyourclub?LordParkes...youseemterrified!

Parkes But,but,youdon’tunderstand,thethingisyou’re…

Kay Ajournalist?Evenjournalistsjoinclubs,LordParkes.We’reprofessionalstoo…

Parkes No,thatisn’tsuchabigproblem.It’sjustthatyou’rejustnotoneofus.You’re…

Grammar and Speaking, Exercise 6

Everyyear,duringthefootballseason,IusuallyspendSaturdayafternoonsatDundeeUnitedgames.TherearealsoabouttwentyawaygamesayearbutluckilymyfriendsandIallbelongtotheofficialsupportersclubsowetraveltothematchesontheclub’scoach.Itsavesusalotofmoney–trainticketsaregettingsoexpensivenowadays!

Unitedarealmostbottomoftheleagueatthemoment.Thesedaysweareplayingquitewellathomebutourawaygamesaren’tgoingsowell.Buttheatmosphere’salwaysgreatandviolenceisathingofthepast.Infact,moreandmorefamilieswithyoungchildrenarecomingtothegamesnow.IalwaysfeelI’mpartofagreatbighappyfamily!

Listening and Speaking, Exercise 2

Presenter Hippies…punks…skaters…andnowChavs-there’snoendtothenumberofteenagecultsandfashions.Butjustwhatisitthatmakesyoungpeoplechoosetojoinasubculture?WithmeinthestudiotodiscussthisisDrMarkMondale,professorofSociologyatGoodmanBrowneUniversityinWestVirginia,DrJaneWebb,professorofPsychologyatUxbridgeUniversity,andMattHodges,headoftheStudentsUnionatWaterlooCollegeinLiverpool.

Mondale Hallo!Webb Hello!Matt Hi!

Presenter Let’sstartwithyou,DrWebb.WhatdoesmakeayoungpersondecidetobecomeaGothoraskater?

Webb Well,Nigel,thereareallsortsofdifferentreasons,butitseemstomethatit’sallpartofbecominganadult.Thethingis,whenyoungpeopleareintheirteens,theystarttoquestionthevaluesandlifestylesoftheadultworldtheyseearoundthem.Soparents,otheradultsorolderbrothersandsistersoftenstopbeingrolemodelsforteenagersforatime.Instead,youngpeoplelookfornewrolemodelsfromtheirpeers–peopleofthesameage.Andofcoursethey’realsolookingforfriendshiporacceptance.

Presenter Uh-huh,soyou’resayingthatit’sareactionagainsttheadultworld?

Webb That’srightalthoughinrealityit’smuchmorecomplicatedthan…

Mondale WellIhavetosayI…Presenter Yes?DrMondale?Mondale IhavetosayIcannotagreewiththatat

all.AsfarasI’mconcerned,becomingaGothoraskaterhasabsolutelynothingtodowithlookingforrolemodels.Lookatyoungpeoplesixtyyearsago,theylookedandbehavedlikeyoungerversionsoftheirparents.Frankly,it’sallaboutmoney.Ifyouthinkaboutit,everynewyouthfashionmakesmillionsofdollarsforthefashionandmusicindustries.

Webb Sohowdoyouexplaingroupswhoarecompletelyanti-commerciallikeGoths,peoplewhobuysecond-handclothesand...

Mondale Wellfranklythatexplainsmytheoryexactly.Bychoosingnottobuy...

Presenter I’msorrytointerruptbutperhapsatthispointweshouldaskMattHodgesforhisviews.Matt?

Matt Personally,Ibelieveit’sallaboutmusic.I’mintonu-metal,myfavouritebandisBioToxine.It’sonlynaturalthatyouwanttospendyourtimewithotherpeoplewhoenjoyandunderstandthismusic.Andthenthesepeoplebecomeyourfriends-youhavefunwiththem,theyhelpyouifyouhaveproblemsand…

Webb Whichisexactlymytheoryaboutlookingforanswersfrompeoplethesameage…

Mondale Wellactually,itshowsthatthemusicindustryhasthemostsayinwhat..

Webb Yousociologistsareallthesame.Youthinkpeoplecan’tmakeuptheirownmindsand…

Mondale WellthedaythataPsychologistgivesmeagoodexplanationofhowpeoplebehaveisthedaythatIpersonally…

Webb “WellI’vegotthreeteenagesonssoIdoknowwhatI’mtalkingabouthere!”

Mondale “Well,don’tforget…Iwasateenagertoo!”Presenter Wellwe’llhavetoleaveitthere.Innextweek’s

programmewe’retalkingaboutwhatcanbedonetoendtheconflictbetweendifferentyouthgroups.Ihopeyoucanjoinme…


Webb Itseemstomethatit’sallpartofbecominganadult.Thethingis,whenyoungpeopleareintheirteens,theystarttoquestionthevaluesandlifestylesoftheadultworldtheyseearoundthem.

Mondale AsfarasI’mconcernedbecomingaGothoraskaterhasabsolutelynothingtodowithlookingforrolemodels.Lookatyoungpeoplesixtyyearsago,theylookedandbehavedlikeyoungerversionsoftheirparents.

Mondale Frankly,it’sallaboutmoney.Ifyouthinkaboutit,everynewyouthfashionmakesmillionsofdollars.

Matt Personally,Ibelieveit’sallaboutmusic.I’mintonu-metal,myfavouritebandisBioToxine.It’sonlynaturalthatyouwanttospendyourtimewithotherpeoplewhoenjoyandunderstandthismusic.


Kat DidyouhearthatdiscussiononprogrammeonThamesRadiolastnight?Aboutwhyyoungpeoplebelongtodifferentgroups?

Jay Yes,Idid.Tobehonest,Ithoughtitwasprettyawful.Imean,thepresentercouldn’tevencontroltheguests!

Kat Personally,Ifoundthosetwoacademicsreallyirritating.Thethingis…makinggeneralisationsaboutyoungpeopleissounhelpful.

Jay I’mgladthatyoungguymentionedmusicthough.AsfarasI’mconcerned,that’sthemostimportantthing.

Answer keyGrammar

1 Answers Kayisajournalist;Men. Usuallyprofessionalpeople.

3 Answer Becausesheisawoman

4 Answers 1b 2f 3e 4c 5d 6a

5 Answers 1isgrowing 2isworking 3oftengoes4neversee,isstudying 5usuallylisten 6Doyoustillbelong 7She’svisiting

6 Answers 1usuallyspend 2belong 3travel4aregetting 5areplaying 6aren’tgoing7arecoming 8alwaysfeel

Speaking and Listening

3 Answers 1c 2a 3b

4 Answers 1b 2a 3b 4b 5a 6c

5 Answers 1Itseemstomethat;Thethingis2AsfarasI’mconcerned;Lookat3Frankly;Ifyouthinkaboutit 4Personally,

6 Answers Giving opinions:Itseemstomethat;AsfarasI’mconcerned;Frankly;Personally Justifying opinions:Thethingis;Lookat;Ifyouthinkaboutit

7 Answers 1Tobehonest 2Imean 3Personally4Thethingis 5AsfarasI’mconcerned

Reading and Vocabulary

2 Answers 1F 2T 3T 4T 5F 6F

3 Answers 1b 2seems,feel,could

4 Answers 1probably 2believes 3Maybe 4appears

6 Answers heseemsjustthesameaseverTheatmosphereintownisprobablyalotbetternow.

7 Answers 1e 2c 3b 4d 5a 6f

8 Answers 1getonwith 2putupwith 3foolaround 4bumpedinto 5calmdown 6hangaround

Grammar and Reading

1 Answers 1B 2C 3A

2 Answers myself,ourselves,themselves

3 Answers Thereflexivepronounmeanswithoutanyhelp/independentlyinsentence2.Thereflexivepronoungoesattheendofthesentencewhenithasthismeaning.

4 Answer B

5 Answers 1yourself 2himself✔ 3yourself 4myself✔ 5ourselves✔ 6yourselves

6 Answers 1eachother 2himself 3eachother4herself 5eachother

Vocabulary and Writing

1 Answers Clothes:sweater;coat;tracksuit;T-shirtMake up:eyeliner;lipstick Footwear:boots;trainers Jewellery:(gold)chain;earrings

3 Answers anold-fashioned,striped,cottonshirt;alarge,blue,silkshirt;tight,black,leathertrousers;acheap,white,nylontracksuit;beige,baggy,cottonshorts;bright,redlipstick;horrible,grey,woollensocks;alongT-shirtwithabandlogoonit;ripped,denimjeanswithapatch

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