success intermediate 高级英语（ 1 ）

Success Intermediate

高级英语（ 1 ）

高级英语课程教学团队编制


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Teaching and learning contents

一、 Grammar and listening (See TB-P216-217)

二、 Reading and vocabulary (See TB-P218-219)

三、 Listening and vocabulary (See TB-P220)

四、 Speaking and listening (See TB-P221)

五、 Vocabulary (See TB-P222)

六、 Writing (See TB-P222-223)

七、 Supplement –Culture Notes (See TB-P229)



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appetising commercial

convenient creamy delicious faulty

fresh frozen

horrific informative

juicy lean

nutritious revolutionary sensational stale

tasty tinned

tough

Warm-up : Translate the following adjectives into Chinese

开胃的，促进食欲的商业的，商务的

方便的，便利的光滑油腻的，有奶油味的

美味的，可口的有错误的，有缺点的

新鲜的，鲜嫩的冷冻的，冷藏的

令人恐惧的，可怕的提供信息的

多汁的，多水分的不肥的，瘦的

有营养的，滋养的革命的

非常好的，吸引人的，轰动的不新鲜的，味道变坏的

美味的，可口的

粗暴的，困难的，咬不动的

灌装的，听装的



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Exercise 1 Look at these adverts for early American convenience food and answer the questions.

What sort of products are shown?

. Do they look tasty?

. How popular is convenience food in your country? What sort of products are most common?

. What’s your opinion of this sort of food? Why?

A bread B tinned peas C TV dinner (pre-cooked meal)


Exercise 2 Check if you understand the sentences below. Use a dictionary to help you. Then listen and match sentences1-7 with products A-C.

1.You need a saucepan to prepare it/them.

2.You need to heat it in an oven.

3.It comes in three varieties-chicken, beef and pork.

4.You don’t need to wash up afterwards.

5.It doesn’t go stale for a week.

6.It’s natural, nutritious and good for you.

7.It can be eaten with stews or meat dishes.

Keys: 1 B 2 C 3 C 4 C 5 A 6 B 7 B

Exercise 3 Listen again and match the adjectives with products A–C.

appetising convenient

creamy delicious

fresh juicy

lean natural

revolutionary sensational

Keys: A delicious, juicy, creamy, convenient, leanB appetising, natural, sensational C fresh, revolutionary


• 1 TV dinners 电视餐（也叫做冷冻餐、冰箱餐、微波餐或者即食餐）指独立包装的冷冻或冷藏餐食。这种餐食基本不需加工，而且包含了一顿单人餐所需的所有成分。

• 2 bingo 因出乎意料的成功而兴奋的叫声。

• 3 mashed potatoes 土豆泥。

• 4 goodness 精华，精髓。

• 5 feel like 想要……，后面接动词的– ing 形式。

• 6 space age technology 太空时代技术。


Verb Patterns 动词形式

当两个动词连用时，第一个动词是用来表示

时态，第二个动词不发生时态方面的变化。但是第

一个动词却决定了第二个动词的形式。

1. 动词的 -ing 形式用于下列词语或短语后（ 1 ）动词（ admit, avoid, fancy, miss, stop, practise, enjoy, enjoy, imagine, keep, hate ）（ 2 ）动词 + 介词 / 动词短语 (succeed at, apologise for, dream about, think about, look forward to, give up, feel like)（ 3 ）形容词 + 介词 (good at, interested in, proud of, sorry for, famous for, tired of) （ 4 ）其他一些表达 (after, by, instead of, when, I don’t mind, I can’t stand, without, be worth)

2. 带 to 的不定式用于下列动词后 agree, allow, decide, expect, hope, learn, manage, offer, promise, refuse, seem, want, would like,need

3. 不带 to 的不定式用于下列动词后 : 情态动词 (must, might, will, should, can)

4. 带宾语的其他动词 (let , make)

!Mind the trap!有些动词可以接不同的动词形式，但是意思基本上差不多。

She started/continued/began/prefers/loves learning English.或者 She started/continued/began/prefers/loves to learn English.

He helped me install the program onto my computer.或者 He helped me to install the program.


Exercise5:Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets. 1 Eating chilli peppers makes me (sweat). 2 You should _________ (shake) the bottle before _________ (open) it.

3 I’m thinking about _________ (become) a vegetarian.

4 I’m tired of _________ (cook) – do you fancy _________ (eat) out?

5 Would you like _________ (help) me _________ (peel) these potatoes?

6 Why do you keep _______ (drink) coffee when you know you can’t ____ _ _(sleep) afterwards?

7 He decided _________ (go) on a diet – he’s already managed _________ (lose) a few kilos. 8 The blackcurrant juice is on special offer this week. It’s worth ________ (buy) a few extra cartons. 9 Do you feel like _________ (get) a takeaway pizza tonight?

10 Dad’s a very nervous cook. He doesn’t let anyone _________ (watch) him in the kitchen. 11 I was in a hurry so she offered _________ (make) me a packed lunch.

12 She seems _________(relax) by _________ (eat) junk food in front of the TV.

sweat

shake opening

becoming

cooking eating

to help peel

drink sleep

to go to lose

buying

getting

watch

to make

eatingto relax


Exercise 6:Use the words/phrases in brackets to write a new sentence with a similar meaning.

1 Becky’s parents only let her come home late at the weekends. ALLOW

2 After several minutes, they succeeded in finding a table that was free. MANAGE

3 I’d like to learn another foreign language. INTERESTED IN

4 Do you feel like going for a cup of coffee? FANCY

5 They didn’t allow us to bring pets with us. LET

6 We must book a table for this evening. NEED

7 Do you want to order a takeaway pizza? FEEL LIKE

We need to book a table for this evening.

After several minutes, they managed to find a table that was free.

I’m interested in learning another foreign language.

Do you fancy going for a cup of coffee?

They didn’t let us bring pets with us.

Becky’s parents only allow her to come home late at the weekends.

Do you feel like ordering a takeaway pizza?


Exercise 7:

Write the prepositions that go with these adjectives. Then use them to make sentences that are true for you. Use a dictionary to help you.

1 excited _______ 5 keen ________

2 fed up _______ 6 worried ________

3 fond ________ 7 good ________

4 hopeless ________

I’m keen on swimming. I’m excited about finishing school in June.

Keys:1 by 2 with 3 of 4 at 5 on 6 by 7 at


Letter A the first paragraph

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing in response to Judy Boyle’s article, ‘Time To Declare War on Advertising’

which appeared in Saturday’s paper. As someone who works in the advertising profession, I

have to say that many of Ms Boyle’s views are exaggerated or simply wrong.

Letter B the first paragraph

Dear Sir/Madam,

After reading Judy Boyle’s article in Saturday’s paper (‘Time To Declare War on Advertising’) I wanted to

congratulate her on a brilliant piece.

Letter C the first paragraph

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing in response to Judy Boyle’s article, which appeared in your paper on March 22nd. Although I agree

with many of the things Ms Boyle wrote, I feel she didn’t mention some important points.


Exercise1 Read the first paragraph of each letter A–C. Which writer: 1 agrees with Judy Boyle’s article. ___ 2 partially agrees with Judy Boyle’s article. ___ 3 disagrees with Judy Boyle’s article. ___

BC

A


Exercise 2Quickly read the letters and try to decide what Judy Boyle wrote about in her article.

Exercise 3 Choose the best title for each letter to the editor A–C. There are two titles that you don’t need.

1 More advertising clichés. 2 How advertising helps the economy. 3 Life before advertising. 4 Why advertising is a good thing. 5 How advertising makes us unhappy

Exercise 4 Find these words and phrases in the letters. How would you say them in your language?

Letter A: advertising TV commercial (advertising) slogan ad-break Letter B: ad/advert advertising agency Letter C: spam billboard junk mail leaflet poster


Answer: She wants fewer adverts. She doesn’t like the stereotypes represented in adverts. She thinks adverts are an invasion of our privacy

key:1.B 2.X 3.X 4.B 5.C


Exercise 5 Read the letters again. Tick true and cross false. 1 Ashley Coates believes that, thanks to advertising, there is a bigger range of

newspapers and magazines on the market.

2 He suggests that the 1940s were an exciting decade to live in.

3 He thinks that adverts take a lot of their ideas from pop videos.

4 Duncan Grant uses the example of car adverts to show how exciting adverts can be.

5 He suggests that stereotypes in adverts don’t change very quickly.

6 Jean Cox doesn’t believe that people have contact with 3,000 advertising messages each day.

7 She thinks that advertising makes us feel that what we own is never good enough.


key:1. √2. X 3. X 4. X 5. √ 6. X 7. √


Exercise 6 Work in groups and answer the questions.

1 Which of the opinions in the letters do you agree with most? Why?

2 What is your favourite billboard/TV advert? Why do you like it?

3 Can you think of any advertising slogans which have entered everyday language?

4 Can you think of any more clichés or stereotypes that are used in adverts?



1 I am writing in response to Judy Boyle’s article, ...“ 我写信的目的是想回应一下朱迪 ·博伊尔的文章……”短语 in response to 的意思是“回应”。

2 I have to say that many of Ms Boyle’s views are exaggerated or simply wrong.“ 我得说博伊尔女士的许多观点有点夸大其词或者说完全错误。” I have to say 的意思是“我得说（用以强调自己的观点）……”， simply 在此处的意思是“完全地，绝对地”。

3 The Dark Ages of the1940s... “20 世纪 40 年代的黑暗时代……”此处作者有点夸张，因为她认为那时只有一个公共电视频道、两个公共广播台和无聊的报刊，选择太少了，所以称之为“黑暗时代”。但是英文中常出现的“ the DarkAges” 通常用来指欧洲中世纪的早期，即大约在公元 500—1100 年。其间，日耳曼部族横扫欧洲和北非，经常袭击并破坏城镇和居住区，这一时期被认为是一个较为蒙昧的时期。

4 The three-minute ad-break on TV is just enough time to make a nice cup of tea.“ 三分钟的电视广告休息正好可以冲一杯香茶。” ad 是 advertisement 的简写形式。 break 此处是名词，意思是“间歇，中间休息”。

5 I wanted to congratulate her on a brilliant piece.“ 我想祝贺她写了这么好的文章。” Congratulate someone on something 的意思是“就…对某人表示祝贺”， piece 这里的意思是“一篇章”。

6 Why does nobody wear glasses – unless it’s an advert for an optician’s？“除了眼镜店的广告外，为何其他广告中的人都不戴眼镜？” optician“眼镜商”，加上 ’ s ，指的是“眼镜店”。一些表示该职业的名词后面加’ s表示该职业的工作场所，如 dentist’s牙医诊所。


7 And yet, I have been watching fools like these advertise products for the past twenty years!“然而在过去的 20 年里，我却一直看这样的傻子们为产品做的广告。”这个句子比较长， watching 后面引导了一个宾语从句，从句中 fools 是主语， like these 作定语来修饰 fools 。短语 and yet 的意思是“然而，但是，可是”。

8 A recent report suggests that, on average, each person has to put up with about 3,000 advertising messages every day.“最近的一个报告显示每人平均每天要忍受 3 000条的广告信息。” suggest 此处的意思是“表明”，短语 on average 的意思“平均”，在句中起副词的作用。短语 put up with 的意思是“忍受，容忍”。

9 At first sight, this number seems impossible, ...“乍一看，这个数字好像不可能，……”短语 at first sight 的意思是“乍看之下；一看到……就”，如 They fell in love at first sight.“他俩一见钟情”。

10 ... and pop-up adverts on internet pages.“网页上弹出的广告。” pop-up ，“（计算机）（菜单或其他应用程序）弹出的”。

11 First of all, ...Then ... Then ... Finally ...“首先……，其次……，然后……，最后……。”这些过渡词使本段内容的条理清楚。大家在写英文材料时不妨借鉴一下。

12 In short, advertising is one big lie.“总之，广告就是个弥天大谎。” in short 的意思是“简而言之，总之”，用在文章的最后，来对前文做总结。


Exercise 1 Work in pairs. Do you enjoy shopping? Why?/Why not? Tell your partner.


Exercise 2 Listen to the conversation between Jason and his parents and answer the questions.

1 When is International Buy Nothing Day?

2 What do campaigners hope that people will do on this day?

3 Is Jason for or against supermarkets and chain stores? Why?

4 Would you find it easy to go for one day without buying anything? Why?/Why not?

Your own answers

The last Friday in November

Think about whether they really need to buy the things they usually buy.

Against—supermarkets dominate our lives and we all buy the same things.


Exercise 3 Match items 1–9 with places a–i. Then listen and check. Where can you buy them?

1 boot polish a baker’s

2 pet food b butcher’s

3 cosmetics c chemist’s

4 bread d clothes store

5 vegetables e greengrocer’s

6 stationery f grocer’s

7 meat g newsagent’s

8 salt h pet shop

9 underwear i shoe shop


Exercise 4 Listen again and answer the questions.

1 Why do Sue and Jeff think that life before supermarkets was worse?

2 What further arguments does Jason give against supermarkets?

You had to go to different shops and queue, carry your bags around town and walk a long way. It took much longer. There were no convenient car parks. It was more expensive.

Workers’ wages are low, it is bad for farmers and small businesses, it encourages families to go shopping together as if it were fun.


Exercise 5 Complete the compound nouns below with a word from the box.

cash (x 2) chain changing department shop shopping (x 2)

1 _________ assistant – someone whose job is selling things in a shop

2 _________ trolley – a metal structure on wheels that is used for carrying things in shops

3 _________ store – one of a group of similar shops owned by the same company 4 _________ register – a machine that is used in shops for keeping money in

5 _________ centre/mall – a place where a lot of shops have been built close together

6 _________ rooms – a room in a shop where you can try clothes

7 _____ ____ store – a large shop divided into several different parts, each of which sells different things

8 _________ dispenser – a machine, usually outside a bank, that you can get money from

Shop

Shopping

Shopping

Chain

Cash

Department

Cash

Changing


Prepare and give a short presentation on one of the topics below.


1. Small shops still have an important role to play in today’s towns and cities. Do you agree?

2.Shopping has become one of the most important leisure activities of our time. Is this a problem?

Exercise 1 Look at the cartoon below and answer the questions.

Have you ever been dissatisfied with something you have bought?

What did you do about it? Did you make a complaint?


Exercise 2 Read the complaints below. When might someone say them? Use the

ideas in the box. There is often more than one answer.


an Internet/online shop a restaurant a hotel a clothes store a bank a store with electrical goods

1 It shrank the first time I washed it! 2 Your employee was extremely rude to me.

3 My order hasn’t arrived yet.

4 It’s faulty. I took it out of the box but I couldn’t get it to work.

5 I’m not satisfied with the service.

A clothes shop

A restaurant/hotel/bank/shop

An internet/online shop

A store with electrical goods

A restaurant/hotel (shop/bank)


Exercise 3 Match complaints 1–5 in Exercise 3 with responses a–e below. Then listen and check. a It’s entirely our fault. We’ll send you a new one straightaway. b I’m very sorry about that. Would you like to exchange it for somethi

ng else? Or would you like a refund?

c We’re trying our best. We’ve got a lot of customers in here this afternoon.

d I’m so sorry. I’ll talk to Mr Evans about his behavior. It won’t happen again.

e Sorry – there must have been a mistake with your order. We’ll try to

sort it out.

Key:a-4; b-1; c-5; d-2; e-3


Exercise 4 Complete the box with the underlined phrases in Exercise 4.

Making complaints 投诉

It’s broken/faulty. It’s not working. There’s a part missing. It’s shrunk/The dye has run. My order hasn’t arrived yet. It’s not what I ordered. There’s a mistake in the bill. It’s too tight/tough/noisy. I’m not satisfied with the service. One of your employees was extremely rude to me. You’ve forgotten to …

Responding to complaints 应对投诉

Apologizing 道歉 I’m so sorry – there must have been a mistake.

1 _________________________________________ 2 _________________________________________

Making offers and promises 提议和承诺 We’ll replace it straightaway. Would you like a refund?

3 _________________________________________ 4 _________________________________________

Defending yourself 为自己辩解 Don’t blame me! It wasn’t my fault.

5 _________________________________________

It’s entirely our fault I’m very sorry about that.

It won’t happen again We’ll try to sort out

We‘re trying our best


Exercise 5 In pairs, role play a conversation in which a customer

in a restaurant makes complaints about a tough steak,

impossible to eat and the waiter responds to satisfy the customer.

Use expressions from Speak Out to help you.


!Mind the trap!在英国，即使投诉者很生气，也会在投诉之前先表示歉意，然后再进行投诉或者抱怨。这样做的目的是为了避免与对方发生直接的冲突。 I’m sorry to say there’s a mistake in my bill. I’m afraid my MP3 player isn’t working properly.


Exercise 1:

Look at the dictionary entry in Train Your Brain. Which words collocate with complaint ?

1 verbs which collocate: _make_,_________

2 prepositions which collocate:_about_,

_________ , _________

3 adjectives which collocate:__formal_,

_________

TRAIN YOUR BRAIN Dictionary skills Collocations 搭配

词典不仅显示词意，还显示词的搭配，即哪些词和该词一起使用。比如下面例词的黑体部分。

complaint n a statement in which someone complains about something: I would like to make a complaint. The BBC received a lot of complaints after the programme.

formal/official complaint | [+ about] He was dismissed after complaints about the quality of his work. [+ from/to] complaints from local residents.

tofrom

official

receive


Exercise 2Use the correct words from Exercise 1 to complete the collocations in the sentences below.

1 The school _________ many complaints _________ parents, who were unhappy with the cost of school trips.

2 She was unhappy with the service and ________a complaint _________ the manager. 3 The hotel received a complaint _________ the quality of the food in the restaurant.

4 He was sacked after someone made a_________ complaint about his work.


Key:1. received; from 2. made, to 3. about 4.formal


Exercise 3

Use a dictionary to find the meanings of the underlined words below. Then complete the sentences.

1 Phone Customer Services. I’m sure they’ll_________ you a refund.

2 I’m afraid those trainers you wanted are now_________ _________ stock. 3 Would you like to exchange them _________ so me thing else instead?

4 I wanted to use my credit card but they told me I could only _______ cash. 5 The new issue of Hi! magazine is _________ sale now!

6 This shirt was a real bargain! It was reduced ________ ￡ 25 ________ ￡ 8!

7 How much did you pay _________ that watch?


Key:1. offer 2. out of 3. for 4. use 5.on

6.from; to 7. for



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WritingExercise 1:

Describe the photo and answer the questions. 1 Why are such events attractive to many young people?

2 What kinds of things can go wrong during such an event?

freedom from authority, communal feeling, lots of music in one place

weather (mud, rain), violence, lack of toilets


Mark’s letter of complaintDear Sir/Madam, I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with the 2007 Punk In the Park festival which you organised

I bought two tickets for me and my girlfriend for all three days, which cost me ￡ 90 in total. As I am a student, thiswas a lot of money to pay, but I believed it was worth it because of the quality of the bands which were beingadvertised.

On Friday afternoon the sound check lasted most of the afternoon. 14 Although the first concert was going to start at 5p.m.,the first band didn’t appear on stage until 9 p.m. Because of this, the last two bands (The Phoneys andCritical Age) didn’t play at all. We were all very disappointed. On Saturday it started raining heavily. There wereonly two sets of toilets, both of them located in the lowest part of the field. There were very long queues for thetoilets all day and when the toilets became flooded after just an hour of rain, 15 the situation looked horrific. Thereclearly wasn’t enough planning before the event

I feel that in future you should plan such festivals more carefully.

I also think I should receive a refund for my tickets for one of the days ( ￡ 30) because two of my favourite bandsdidn’t play at all. I hope you will take my comments into consideration 16 and I look forward to reading your reply. Yours faithfully,

Mark D Smith



13 ... but I believed it was worth it because of the qualityof the bands which were being advertised它值这个价钱，因为广告宣传的乐队很优秀。” be worth 后面接表示金钱的名词，意思是“值……钱”。 bands 后面接了一个定语从句来修饰它，从句中使用了过去进行时的被动语态。 was/were + being +过去分词，表示过去的某个时间点，“某件事正在被……”。

14.On Friday afternoon the sound check lasted most of the afternoon.“周五下午，校音就持续了一个下午。 ” sound check 是名词词组，字面意思是“声音核查”。 last 此处是动词，意思是“持续”，后面直接跟表示时间的名词。

15 ... and when the toilets became flooded after just an hour of rain, ...“当仅仅下了一个小时的雨之后，厕所就被水淹了。” flood 也可以用作名词“洪水”，此处用作动词，意思是“使（地方）淹没在洪水中”。

16 I hope you will take my comments into consideration and ...“ 我希望你们能够考虑我的意见。” take something into consideration 的意思是“考虑……”。 comment 有“评论”的意思，但此处它的意思是“意见，观点”。


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Exercise 2: Read Mark’s letter of complaint. What went wrong during the festival? Were any of your ideas from

Exercise 1 correct?

Exercise 3:

What is the tone of Mark’s letter? Tick the correct option. Do you think it makes the letter more

effective? Why?/Why not?

1 aggressive and angry 2 emotional 3 polite but firm

Key: late start, two advertised bands did not appear, rain, not enough toilet, toilets flooded

Answer: More effective. Staying calm but firm makes you sound much more in control and makes

it more likely that your complaint will be dealt with. If you get too angry or emotional, you

are more likely to anger the person who you are writing to and who then may not feel like

being fair to you


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Exercise 4

Look at Mark’s letter again. Match the paragraphs with the content.

Paragraph 1 □ Paragraph 2 □ Paragraph 3 □ Paragraph 4 □ Paragraph 5 □a Details about the service/product the customer bought and his/her expectations.

b Suggestions about how the company can improve its service.

c The reason for writing.

d What went wrong (in chronological order) and the problems it caused the customer.

e The compensation the customer expects.

C a d b e


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Exercise 5 For each situation, choose the best form of compensation. Give reasons.

a financial compensation b a replacement

c a refund d an official apology

1 Some workmen have been fitting new windows. The work has lasted much longer than you expected and this has caused a lot of disruption to your family’s life.

2 You bought a theatre ticket to see a play. One of the actors became ill so the play was cancelled just ten minutes before it was supposed to begin.

3 You bought a Discman. When you opened the box you found that the earphones were faulty.

4 You have just finished a project at college. A letter arrives from the college Principal which wrongly accuses you of cheating. You can prove this is untrue.

a financial compensation

c a refund

b a replacement

d an official apology


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TRAIN YOUR BRAIN

Writing skills

Letter of complaint 投诉信

1 首先给出写信的原因。 (I am writing to complain about/express my dissatisfaction with …)

2 分段按照时间顺序叙述问题所在及给你的带来的不便。 (Because of this …)

3 如果必要，另起一段建议公司如何改善服务。 (I feel that in future you should … )

4 在结尾，清楚地说出你期望的补偿方式。 (I think I should receive … )

5 开头与结尾要正式 (Dear Sir/Madam, Yours faithfully)

6 语气要礼貌而坚定，文体要较正式。



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Exercise 6

Study Train Your Brain. Then read James’s letter and decide what is wrong with it.

Hi Guys,

I really hate your company now. I think I should get compensation or an apology or something.

I ordered an MP3 player (Sound Blast 3000) from you in February (the 3rd I think). This morning it finally arrived! I took it out of the box and it didn’t work! And I’d paid lots of money for this!

So what are you going to do about it?

But that’s not all, actually. My MP3 player arrived after five weeks – it said on the website that delivery time was two or three days!!! At the beginning I waited and waited and nothing! Two weeks later I contacted your customer helpline. The guy told me that it was out of stock and that I had to wait another three weeks before it would be in stock again. Not very good service, is it?

Write back soon!

James Godfrey

Answer:

1 It does not start with the reason for writing

2 The problems are not mentioned in chronological order

3 There are no suggestions about how the company could improve

4 It does not say what compensation is wanted

5 It does not start and end formally

6 The style is wrong-not formal and polite


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Mind the trap! compensation 是不可数名词。 I expect compensation. 不用 I expect a compensation.

Exercise 7

Rewrite James’s letter to make it more appropriate. Use your answers to Exercise 6 and Train Your Brain to help you.

Exercise 8

Choose one of the situations from Exercise 5. Write a letter of complaint (200–250 words).

Say clearly: . what has happened/gone wrong. . the problems it caused you. . how you feel about it. . the type of compensation you would like.


The first newspaper advertisement 第一个报纸广告

The first newspaper advertisement, was an announcement seeking a buyer for an Oyster Bay, Long Island, estate, and was published in the Boston News-Letter in 1704. The first advertising agency

The first advertising agency 第一个广告代理商 The first advertising agency was set up by Volney B. Palmer who is thought to have used the title in 1950 for his service in Philadelphia which created adverts for companies to place in newspapers. N.W.Ayer & Son became the first agency to charge commission （佣金） for adverts it produced in 1868.

The first radio advert 第一个电台广告 In 1922, the first radio advert was aired. The station WEAF in New York offered 10 minutes of radio time to anyone who would pay $100.The Queensboro Corp., a Long Island real estate （房地产） firm, bought the first commercials: 15 spots costing $50 each.

The first television advert 第一个电视广告 The first television advert came in 1941 when the Bulova watch company （宝路华钟表公司） paid $9 for a ten second advert on WNBC at the start of a baseball game. It showed a watch on a background of a map of the USA with the slogan: ‘America runs on Bulova time!’

The first junk mail 第一封垃圾邮件 The first example of junk mail is generally agreed to have been a catalogue for the Sears, Roebuck company of the USA. In 1893, his company sent a catalogue to 300,000 homes advertising its products.

The first Buy Nothing Day 第一个不消费日 The first Buy Nothing Day was started by Kalle Lasn, born in 1942 in Estonia, a former advertising executive who became an anti-consumerist （反消费主义者） activist. He also publishes Adbusters magazine. He became politically active when he tried to show an advert about disappearing forests of America and Canada but no TV stations would show it.

Thank you


success intermediate 高级英语（ 1 ）

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