survey and alignment of the j-parc - slac
TRANSCRIPT
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Survey and Alignment of the J-PARC Kenji Mishima1 , Naohiro Abe PASCO, Higashiyama 1-1-2, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, JAPAN, Norio Tani, Takatoshi Morishita, Akira Ueno, Shinichiro Meigo, Masahide Harada JAEA, Tokai-Village, Ibaraki-Ken, JAPAN Masashi Shirakata, Masanori Ikegami, Masakazu Yoshioka, Takanobu Ishii, Takao Oogoe, Yasunori Takeuchi, Yoshiaki Fujii, Hiroyuki Noumi, Hitoshi Kobayashi KEK, Oho 1-1, Tsukuba-City, Ibaraki-Ken, JAPAN
1. INTRODUCTION
N
totalview_1.ai
Linac
3GeVSynchrotron
50GeVSynchrotron
Materials and Life Science Facility
Neutrino Beamline
Accelerator-Driven Transmutation
Nuclear and Particle Physics Experimental Hall
Experimental Facility
Figure 1 : Schematic View of This Facility
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The High Intensity Proton Accelerator Facility, which is refers to as “J-PARC” project (Japan Proton Accelerator
Research Complex), is constructing at the Tokai Campus of JAEA, about 130 kilometers northern east of Tokyo in
Japan (see Figure 3). This facility is constructed as joint project of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) and the
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK).
This accelerator complex consists of following accelerators (see Figure 1) :
(1) 400 MeV normal conducting Linac,
(2) 600 MeV superconducting Linac to increase the energy from 400 MeV to 600 MeV,
(3) 3 GeV synchrotron ring, which provides proton beams at 333 mA (1MW), and
(4) 50 GeV synchrotron ring, which provides proton beam at 15 mA (0.75 MW).
These accelerators are located on the extensive area about 1000 meters to north and south, and about 500 meters
to east and west (see Figure 2).
N
size_1.ai
500
m
1000 m
Linac
3GeV Synchrotron
50GeV Synchrotron
310 m
Circumference : 300 m
Circumference : 1570 m
Figure 2 : Approximate dimension of this complex
Especially, one of many experiments on the 50 GeV proton synchrotron is the neutrino oscillation using the Super-
Kamiokande as a detector. The distance from this J-PARC to the Super-Kamiokande is 300 kilometers. Therefore, this
is a huge machine about 300 kilometers to west and east (see Figure 3 at next page). Consequently, survey work must
consider the curvature of the earth.
The status report of survey and alignment at J-PARC has presented on previous work shop, which is IWAA2004 at
CERN. The title of the report was “Geodetic Survey Work of High Intensity Proton Accelerator Facility”, and the report
presented the result of surveying from year of 2002 to year of 2003. This is a report from year of 2003 to year of 2005,
and the continuation of the last report.
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2. GEODETIC SURVEY (SURFACE NETWORK)
Final goal of survey is to align components of accelerator according to design orbit within required tolerance.
Therefore, the purpose of this geodetic survey is conformation of the agreement of the accelerator machine into the
accelerator tunnel, and outside of facility with Super-Kamiokande away to the west at 300 kilometers (see Figure 3 and
Figure 4).
J-PARC
Super-Kamiokande
300 km
Tokyo
kamiokande_jparc_1.ai
Figure 3 : Schematic view of Super-Kamiokande and J-PARC (1)
Angle from the horizontal at J-PARC to Super-Kamiokende
Super-Kamiokande
Horizontal PlaneJ-PARC
kamiokande_jparc_2.ai
the Surface of the earth
Neutrino beam
Figure 4 : Schematic view of Super-Kamiokande and J-PARC (2)
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2.1. The Result of Surveying from 2003 to 2005
Figure 7 shows the displacement of monuments from
February 2003 to February 2005. Because there were a lot of
trees and the prospect between monuments for the surveying was
bad. So, these had been surveyed by GPS (Global Positioning
System), and the survey network is Figure 8.
Most accelerator tunnels are constructed by the open cut
method (cut and cover tunneling method). So, the foundation was
displaced because of the change in the load and the release of the
stress. The monument of №2 and №3 was the most typical
displacement, and these have been displaced toward into the
trench (see Figure 5).
2.2. The Result of Surveying from 2005 to 2006
Figure 10 shows the displacement of monuments from February
2005 to February 2006. As the construction work became the last
stage, the visibility for the surveying has extended along with it.
Then, the surveying method was changed from the GPS survey to
the traverse survey. It is the reason why the total station which is
TDA5005 is more highly accurate than the GPS (see Figure 9 and
Figure 11).
There are big displacements in Figure 10. These are the
following causes:
(1) Tunneling works and building constructions
were closed to last stage, the foundation of this area
was under huge load changing.
(2) The Surveying method has changed from the GPS to the total station.
The surface network had been tied to accelerator tunnel through six survey shafts (finally fourteen survey shafts and
see Figure 12). Vectors of displacements in Figure 10 were decided as following process:
(1) Coordinates of monuments were computed by surveying data (angles and distances) with the free
network adjustment.
(2) Many cases of vectors were computed by combining referential monuments.
(3) The case of minimum vectors in accelerator tunnels was adopted.
Figure 5 : Typical displacement of monuments
Figure 6 : Surveying for surface network by TS
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Figure 7 : The hysteresis of displacement vector of monuments from the year of 2003 to 2005
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Figure 8 : The survey network by GPS from the year of 2003 to 2005
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Figure 9 : Error ellipse by GPS at the year of 2005
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Figure 10 : Displacement vector of monuments from year of 2005 to 2006
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Figure 11 : The survey network and error ellipses at February, 2006
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Figure 12 : The survey shaft
Figure 13 : Floor monuments in accelerator tunnels
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3. SURVEY AND ALIGNMENT (TUNNEL NETWORK)
Phase 1: Blue line survey on the accelerator tunnel floor. Phase 2: Installing of components in the accelerator tunnel Phase 3: Pre-alignment of components Phase 4: Fine alignment of components Phase 5: Smoothing
Phased alignment has started in each facility toward final alignment.
3.1. Case of 3 GeV Ring
Figure 14 : Displacements of floor monuments in 3GeV Ring
Figure 14 shows displacements of floor monuments in 3GeV Synchrotron ring from August 2005 to February 2006.
It seems that it influences by the heat contraction because most vectors for the center of this synchrotron ring. The
purpose of this survey is performed to lay out the anchor bolt positions. Therefore, The blue line survey had been
executed as it was.
In addition, pre-alignment has been started since beginning of this month.
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3.2. Another Accelerators
The status of alignment in each accelerators and facilities are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 : Status of survey and alignment
Accelerators and Facilities Status of Phase
Liniac Fine alignment and Smoothing
3 GeV Synchrotron Pre-alignment
50GeV Synchrotron Blue line survey, Installing and Pre-alignment
Material and Life Science Facility Blue line survey, Installing, Pre and Fine alignment
Nuclear and Particle Physics Experimental Hall Blue line survey, Installing and Pre-alignment
Neutrino Facility Under Constructing
4. CURVATURE CORRECTION FOR BEAM HEIGHT
Table 2 : The influence of curvature of the earth on the beam height
l [ m ] Hδ [mm]
50 0.20
100 0.78
200 3.14
300 7.06
400 12.56
500 19.62
1000 78.49
It is general that the height of components of accelerator is aligned along a horizontal plane. However, this straight
line is a parallel straight line to curvature of the earth, and no straight line for the beam (see Figure 15 and
Table 2).
The radius of curvature in meridian, prime vertical and vertical cut are different according to latitude and the
longitude. Therefore, it is necessary to set the tangential plane by the latitude and the longitude.
Figure 15 : The influence of curvature of the earth on the base plane
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4.1. Base Plane of each accelerators
Figure 16 : Base planes for correction for beam height
Figure 16 shows base planes in the J-PARC. Each base plane is skewed (see Figure 17).
Figure 17 : Relation of each base plane
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4.2. Method of the Correction for Beam Height by Curvature of the Earth
Figure 18 : schematic view of the ellipsoid and the normal vector on the surface
The position of the earth can be represented as equation (1) in geocentric 3D coordinate by latitude φ , longitude λ
and the radius of curvature in prime vertical Q on GRS 80 ellipsoid.
( )φ λ
φ λ φ λ
φ
⎧⎪ =⎪⎪ =⎨⎪⎪ =⎪⎩
2
2
cos cos
, : cos sin
sin
x Q
S y Q
bz Qa
(1).
The derivative of the equation (1) with latitude φ and longitude λ gives their tangent lines. The result is shown in (2).
( )
φ λ φ λ φφ φ φ φ
φ λ φ λλ λ λ λ
⎛ ⎞∂ ∂ ∂ ∂ ⎛ ⎞= = − −⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟∂ ∂ ∂ ∂ ⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠
∂ ∂ ∂ ∂⎛ ⎞= = −⎜ ⎟∂ ∂ ∂ ∂⎝ ⎠
2
2, , sin cos , sin sin , cos
, , cos sin , cos cos , 0
S x y z bQ Q Qa
S x y zQ Q
(2).
Then the normal vector is represented as equation (3).
φ λ φ λ φλ φφ λ
φ φλ φ
⎛ ⎞∂ ∂× ⎜ ⎟∂ ∂ ⎝ ⎠= =
∂ ∂ ⎛ ⎞× +⎜ ⎟∂ ∂ ⎝ ⎠
2 2
2 2
222 2
2
cos cos , cos sin , sin( , )
cos sin
b bS Sa a
nS S b
a
(3).
The normal vector is substituted with φ λ α β γ=0 0 0 0( , ) ( , , )n . The equation of the base plane which contains the
point on the surface of the earth 0 0 0 0( , , )P x y z is
α β γ− + − + − =0 0 0 0 0 0( ) ( ) ( ) 0x x y y z z (4).
Coordinates of fiducial Points on each component are calculated by its latitude and its longitude. The correction value
for the beam height is the distance from these coordinates to this base plane.
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4.3. The Result of Correction value for the beam height
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
0 11 21 31 43 52 61 71 81 91 102
112
122
130
141
151
162
170
180
190
200
210
221
231
242
254
261
272
282
292
302
311
317
328
339
348
360
368
380
388
398
409
415
423
The Distance from Ion Soruce [ m ]
Cor
rect
ion
Val
ue fo
r the
The
Bea
m H
eigh
t in
Lin
ac
[ m
m ]
卯酉線と子午線の曲率半径による補正
基準平面までの距離
Arc Section
3GeV Injection PointThe Sction of North and South
τηε Σεχτιον οφ Ω εστ ανδ Εαστ
The Correction with the Radius of Curvature in meridian and Prime VerticalDistance to Base Plane
Figure 19 : Distances from magnets to base plane in the Linac
Figure 19 shows distances from components to the base line in the Linac. Components of the Linac are located in
north and south at upstream and in west and east at downstream. The beam heights of components are affected by radius
of curvature in meridian at upstream in Linac, by radius of curvature in prime cut at down stream in Linac. Blue plots in
Figure 19 are calculated by both radius of curvature. The ion source and the injection point in 3GeV Synchrotron should
be equal in the height. These correction values by both radiuses of curvature do not have correspondence because the
joint of the arc section is difficult. Red plots in Figure 19 are calculated by distances to base plane in the Linac. The ion
source and the injection point in 3GeV Synchrotron are equal in the height. Therefore, the correction by the base plane
is better for the beam height.
Figure 20 shows distances from components in the Linac and 3GeV synchrotron to base plane of 3GeV. Correction
value at the end of Linac is 12.5 millimeters. Therefore, It is right to have set three base planes.
Figure 21 shows the case of 50GeV Synchrotron Ring. The maximum of distance to base plane in 50GeV
synchrotron is about 1.25 millimeters even though its circumference is 1,540 meters. The reason for this is that three
straight sections are about 120 meters. Therefore, it is not necessary to correct curvature of the earth if there is no
straight section.
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0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
0 16 31 41 46 52 57 63 68 74 79 84 91 96 101
106
116
132
148
157
162
168
174
179
184
190
195
200
207
213
218
223
233
248
264
273
278
284
290
296
301
306
311
317
323
329
334
339
345
363
381
403
423
441
464
488
509
526
548
570
590
610
629
648
669
689
709
729
748
767
The Distace from 3GeV Synchrotron Center [ m ]
Cor
rect
ion
Val
ue fo
r the
Bea
m H
eigh
t in
Lina
c &
3G
eV [
mm
]
3GeV Injection Point
Ion Source
3GeV Synchrotron Ring
Linac
Beam Stream
3GeV Injection Point
Figure 20 : Distances from magnets in 3GeV Ring and Linac to base plane of the 3GeV Synchrotron
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
0 36 71 94 121
154
177
214
237
270
297
324
357
380
417
440
473
500
522
558
594
616
643
676
699
736
759
793
819
846
879
902
939
962
996
1022
1045
1081
1116
1139
1165
1199
1222
1259
1282
1315
1342
1369
1402
1434
1470
1503
1526
1560
The Distance from Injection Point [ m ]
Cor
rect
ion
Val
ue f
or t
he B
eam
Hei
ght
in 5
0GeV
Syn
chro
tron
Rin
g
[mm
] 1st Arc Section
First Arc Section
2nd Arc Section 3rd Arc Section
2nd Arc Section
3rd Arc Section
1.25 [mm]
Figure 21 : Distances from magnets to base plane in the Linac
References
[1] Kenji Mishima, Others, “Geodetic Survey Work of High Intensity Proton Accelerator Facility”, IWAA’04,
CERN, September 2004.
[2] R.Ruland, “HANDBOOK of ACCELERATOR PHYSICS and ENGIEERING”, .
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9th International Workshop on Accelerator Alignment, September 26-29, 2006