t 저속 무선 개인 지역 네트워크 부속서 c (정보) 암호 빌딩 블록 시험 벡터...

i

T T

A S

t a n

d a

r d

정보통신단체표준(영문표준) 제정일: 2017 년 xx 월 xx 일

TTAE.IE-802.15.4-2015

저속 무선 개인 지역 네트워크

(IEEE Std 802.15.4-2015)

IEEE Standard for Low-Rate Wireless

Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

(IEEE Std 802.15.4-2015)

표준초안 검토 위원회 무선 PAN/LAN/MAN 프로젝트그룹(PG907)

표준안 심의 위원회 전파/이동통신 기술위원회(TC9)

성명 소 속 직위 위원회 및 직위 표준번호

표준(과제) 제안 김윤관 카톨릭대 교수 PG 907 의장

표준 초안 작성자 주성순 ETRI 책임연구원 PG 907 위원 TTAE.IE-802.15.4-

2015

사무국 담당 김대중 TTA 단장 -

이혜영 TTA 책임연구원 -

본 표준 발간 이전에 접수된 지식재산권 확약서 정보는 본 표준의 ‘부록(지식재산권 확약서 정보)’에 명시하고 있으며, 이후 접수

된 지식재산권 확약서는 TTA 웹사이트에서 확인할 수 있습니다.

본 표준과 관련하여 접수된 확약서 외의 지식재산권이 존재할 수 있습니다.

발행인 : 한국정보통신기술협회 회장

발행처 : 한국정보통신기술협회

13591, 경기도 성남시 분당구 분당로 47

Tel : 031-724-0114, Fax : 031-724-0109

발행일 : 2017.12

정보통신단체표준(영문표준)

TTAE.IE-802.15.4-2015 i

서 문

1 표준의 목적

이 표준은 개인 공간내 저전력으로 운용 가능한 고정형, 휴대형, 이동형 디바이스

들의 저속 무선 연결을 제공하기 위한 PHY 계층 및 MAC 부계층 규격을 정의한다.

2 주요 내용 요약

이 표준은 저가의 디바이스에 복잡도가 낮으며, 저가의 저전력 저속 무선 전송 기

능을 제공한다. 일반적 응용 서비스 뿐만 아니라, Smart utility network (SUN), Rail

communications and control (RCC), Television white space (TVWS), Radio

frequency identification (RFID), Low-energy critical infrastructure monitoring

(LECIM), Medical body area network (MBAN) 등 특정 용도에 필요한 무선 전송 기

능을 제공한다.

3 인용 표준과의 비교

3.1 인용 표준과의 관련성

이 표준은 IEEE Std. 802.15.4TM-2015: IEEE Standard for Low-Rate Wireless

Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANs) 표준을 영문 그대로 준용한다.

다만, 관련 국내 기술기준 및 고시가 있는 경우 국내 기준을 따르며, 부록의

참고문헌 및 영문 해설서를 참조한다.

본 TTA 표준은 IEEE와의 라이선스 동의 하에 IEEE Std. 802.15.4TM-2015, IEEE Standard for

Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANs)을 기반으로 재발행 되었으며, 본 문서

에 대한 저작권은 IEEE, 445 Hoes Lane Piscataway, NJ, USA에 있습니다.

3.2 인용 표준과 본 표준의 비교표

TTAE.IE-802.15.4-2015 IEEE 802.15.4-2015 비고

1. 개요 1. Overview 동일

2. 참조 표준 2. Normative references 동일

3. 용어 정의, 두문자어, 약어 3. Definitions, acronyms and abbreviations 동일

4. 형식 규칙 4. Format convention 동일


TTAE.IE-802.15.4-2015 ii

5. 일반 사항 5. General description 동일

6. MAC 기능 설명 6. MAC functional description 동일

7. MAC 프레임 형식 7. MAC frame formats 동일

8. MAC 서비스 8. MAC services 동일

9. 보안 9. Security 동일

10. PHY 일반 요구사항 10. General PHY requirements 동일

11. PHY 서비스 11. PHY services 동일

12. O-QPSK PHY 12. O-QPSK PHY 동일

13. Binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) PHY 13. Binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) PHY 동일

14. Amplitude shift keying (ASK) PHY 14. Amplitude shift keying (ASK) PHY 동일

15. Chirp spread spectrum (CSS) PHY 15. Chirp spread spectrum (CSS) PHY 동일

16. HRP UWB PHY 16. HRP UWB PHY 동일

17. GFSK PHY 17. GFSK PHY 동일

18. MSK PHY 18. MSK PHY 동일

19. LRP UWB PHY 19. LRP UWB PHY 동일

20. SUN FSK PHY 20. SUN FSK PHY 동일

21. SUN OFDM PHY 21. SUN OFDM PHY 동일

22. SUN O-QPSK PHY 22. SUN O-QPSK PHY 동일

23. LECIM DSSS PHYs 23. LECIM DSSS PHYs 동일

24. LECIM FSK PHY 24. LECIM FSK PHY 동일

25. TVWS-FSK PHY 25. TVWS-FSK PHY 동일

26. TVWS-OFDM PHY 26. TVWS-OFDM PHY 동일

27. TVWS-NB-OFDM PHY 27. TVWS-NB-OFDM PHY 동일

28. RCC LMR PHY 28. RCC LMR PHY 동일

29. RCC DSSS BPSK PHY 29. RCC DSSS BPSK PHY 동일

부속서 A (정보) 참고문헌 Annex A (informative) Bibliography 동일

부속서 B (표준) CCM* 모드 동작 Annex B (normative) CCM* mode of

operation 동일

부속서 C (정보) 암호 빌딩 블록 시험

벡터

Annex C (informative) Test vectors for

cryptographic building blocks 동일

부속서 D (정보) 프로토콜 구현 적합성

평가 형식

Annex D (informative) Protocol

implementation conformance statement

(PICS) proforma

동일

부속서 E (정보) MPSK PHY Annex E (informative) MPSK PHY 동일

부속서 F (표준) 타임슬롯 릴레잉 기반

링크 확장

Annex F (normative) Time-slot relaying

based link extension (TRLE) 동일


TTAE.IE-802.15.4-2015 iii

Preface

1 Purpose

The standard defines the physical layer (PHY) and medium access control (MAC)

sublayer specifications for low-data-rate wireless connectivity with fixed,

portable, and moving devices with no battery or very limited battery consumption

requirements typically operating in the personal operating space (POS) of 10 m.

2 Summary

The standard provides for ultra low complexity, ultra low cost, ultra low power

consumption, and low data rate wireless connectivity among inexpensive devices.

The standard adds specific elements required for providing Smart utility network

(SUN), Rail communications and control (RCC), Television white space (TVWS),

Radio frequency identification (RFID), Low-energy critical infrastructure

monitoring (LECIM), and Medical body area network (MBAN) services.

3 Relationship to Reference Standards

The standard is fully equivalent to IEEE Std. 802.15.4TM-2015, IEEE Standard for

Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANs).

This TTA Adoption is based on IEEE Std. 802.15.4TM-2015, IEEE Standard for Low-Rate

Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANs), 5 Dec. 2015, Copyright IEEE, All rights

reserved, 445 Hoes Lane Piscataway, NJ, USA. Reprinted pursuant to license agreement

with IEEE.


TTAE.IE-802.15.4-2015 iv

목 차

1 개요 ······························································································· 35

2 참고 표준 ························································································ 36

3 용어 정의 및 약어 ············································································ 37

4 형식 규칙 ························································································ 42

5 일반 사항 ························································································ 44

6 MAC 기능 설명 ················································································· 57

7 MAC 프레임 형식 ············································································· 151

8 MAC 서비스 ··················································································· 245

9 보안 ····························································································· 360

10 PHY 일반 요구사항 ········································································· 381

11 PHY 서비스 ················································································· 404

12 O-QPSK PHY ················································································ 411

13 BPSK PHY ···················································································· 418

14 ASK PHY ······················································································ 422

15 CSS PHY ····················································································· 430

16 HRP UWB PHY ·············································································· 446

17 GFSK PHY ···················································································· 475

18 MSK PHY ····················································································· 479


TTAE.IE-802.15.4-2015 v

19 LRP UWB PHY ··············································································· 483

20 SUN FSK PHY ················································································ 493

21 SUN OFDM PHY ············································································· 512

22 SUN O-QPSK PHY ·········································································· 536

23 LECIM DSSS PHY ··········································································· 562

24 LECIM FSK PHY ············································································· 578

25 TVWS-FSK PHY ············································································· 587

26 TVWS-OFDM PHY ·········································································· 592

27 TVWS-NB-OFDM PHY ····································································· 606

28 RCC LMR PHY ··············································································· 628

29 RCC DSSS BPSK PHY ······································································ 637

부속서 A (정보) 참고문헌 ······································································ 638

부속서 B (표준) CCM* 모드 동작 ····························································· 640

부속서 C (정보) 암호 빌딩 블록 시험 벡터 ················································· 646

부속서 D (정보) 프로토콜 구현 적합성 평가 형식 ········································· 659

부속서 E (정보) MPSK PHY ···································································· 678

부속서 F (표준) 타임슬롯 릴레잉 기반 링크 확장 ········································· 683

부록 Ⅰ-1 지식재산권 확약서 정보 ························································· 709

Ⅰ-2 시험인증 관련 사항 ······························································ 710

Ⅰ-3 본 표준의 연계(family) 표준 ···················································· 711

Ⅰ-4 참고 문헌 ·········································································· 712

Ⅰ-5 영문표준 해설서 ·································································· 713

Ⅰ-6 표준의 이력 ······································································· 719

IEEE Standard for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

Sponsored by the LAN/MAN Standards Committee

IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997 USA

IEEE Computer Society

IEEE Std 802.15.4™-2015 (Revision of

IEEE Std 802.15.4-2011)

IEEE Std 802.15.4™-2015(Revision of

IEEE Std 802.15.4-2011)

IEEE Standard for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

Sponsor

LAN/MAN Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society

Approved 5 December 2015

IEEE-SA Standards Board

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA

Copyright © 2016 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Published 22 April 2016. Printed in the United States of America.

IEEE and IEEE 802 are registered trademarks in the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, owned by The Institute of Electrical and ElectronicsEngineers, Incorporated.

Print: ISBN 978-1-5044-0854-5 STD20893PDF: ISBN 978-1-5044-0846-2 STDPD20893

IEEE prohibits discrimination, harassment and bullying. For more information, visit http://www.ieee.org/web/aboutus/whatis/policies/p9-26.html. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permissionof the publisher.

Abstract: The protocol and compatible interconnection for data communication devices using low-data-rate, low-power, and low-complexity short-range radio frequency (RF) transmissions in awireless personal area network (WPAN) are defined in this standard. A variety of physical layers(PHYs) have been defined that cover a wide variety of frequency bands.

Keywords: ad hoc network, IEEE 802.15.4™, low data rate, low power, LR-WPAN, mobility, PAN,personal area network, radio frequency, RF, short range, wireless, wireless personal area network,WPAN

http://www.ieee.org/web/aboutus/whatis/policies/p9-26.htmlhttp://www.ieee.org/web/aboutus/whatis/policies/p9-26.html

Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Standards Documents

IEEE documents are made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These noticesand disclaimers, or a reference to this page, appear in all standards and may be found under the heading“Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Standards Documents.”

Notice and Disclaimer of Liability Concerning the Use of IEEE Standards Docu-ments

IEEE Standards documents (standards, recommended practices, and guides), both full-use and trial-use, aredeveloped within IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE StandardsAssociation (“IEEE-SA”) Standards Board. IEEE (“the Institute”) develops its standards through aconsensus development process, approved by the American National Standards Institute (“ANSI”), whichbrings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve the final product.Volunteers are not necessarily members of the Institute and participate without compensation from IEEE.While IEEE administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the consensus developmentprocess, IEEE does not independently evaluate, test, or verify the accuracy of any of the information or thesoundness of any judgments contained in its standards.

IEEE does not warrant or represent the accuracy or content of the material contained in its standards, andexpressly disclaims all warranties (express, implied and statutory) not included in this or any otherdocument relating to the standard, including, but not limited to, the warranties of: merchantability; fitnessfor a particular purpose; non-infringement; and quality, accuracy, effectiveness, currency, or completenessof material. In addition, IEEE disclaims any and all conditions relating to: results; and workmanlike effort.IEEE standards documents are supplied “AS IS” and “WITH ALL FAULTS.”

Use of an IEEE standard is wholly voluntary. The existence of an IEEE standard does not imply that thereare no other ways to produce, test, measure, purchase, market, or provide other goods and services related tothe scope of the IEEE standard. Furthermore, the viewpoint expressed at the time a standard is approved andissued is subject to change brought about through developments in the state of the art and commentsreceived from users of the standard.

In publishing and making its standards available, IEEE is not suggesting or rendering professional or otherservices for, or on behalf of, any person or entity nor is IEEE undertaking to perform any duty owed by anyother person or entity to another. Any person utilizing any IEEE Standards document, should rely upon hisor her own independent judgment in the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances or, asappropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the appropriateness of a given IEEEstandard.

IN NO EVENT SHALL IEEE BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO:PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; ORBUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OROTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE PUBLICATION, USE OF, OR RELIANCEUPON ANY STANDARD, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE ANDREGARDLESS OF WHETHER SUCH DAMAGE WAS FORESEEABLE.

Translations

The IEEE consensus development process involves the review of documents in English only. In the eventthat an IEEE standard is translated, only the English version published by IEEE should be considered theapproved IEEE standard.

Official statements

A statement, written or oral, that is not processed in accordance with the IEEE-SA Standards BoardOperations Manual shall not be considered or inferred to be the official position of IEEE or any of itscommittees and shall not be considered to be, or be relied upon as, a formal position of IEEE. At lectures,symposia, seminars, or educational courses, an individual presenting information on IEEE standards shallmake it clear that his or her views should be considered the personal views of that individual rather than theformal position of IEEE.

Comments on standards

Comments for revision of IEEE Standards documents are welcome from any interested party, regardless ofmembership affiliation with IEEE. However, IEEE does not provide consulting information or advicepertaining to IEEE Standards documents. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of aproposed change of text, together with appropriate supporting comments. Since IEEE standards represent aconsensus of concerned interests, it is important that any responses to comments and questions also receivethe concurrence of a balance of interests. For this reason, IEEE and the members of its societies andStandards Coordinating Committees are not able to provide an instant response to comments or questionsexcept in those cases where the matter has previously been addressed. For the same reason, IEEE does notrespond to interpretation requests. Any person who would like to participate in revisions to an IEEEstandard is welcome to join the relevant IEEE working group.

Comments on standards should be submitted to the following address:

Secretary, IEEE-SA Standards Board 445 Hoes Lane Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA

Laws and regulations

Users of IEEE Standards documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with theprovisions of any IEEE Standards document does not imply compliance to any applicable regulatoryrequirements. Implementers of the standard are responsible for observing or referring to the applicableregulatory requirements. IEEE does not, by the publication of its standards, intend to urge action that is notin compliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so.

Copyrights

IEEE draft and approved standards are copyrighted by IEEE under U.S. and international copyright laws.They are made available by IEEE and are adopted for a wide variety of both public and private uses. Theseinclude both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization,and the promotion of engineering practices and methods. By making these documents available for use andadoption by public authorities and private users, IEEE does not waive any rights in copyright to thedocuments.

Photocopies

Subject to payment of the appropriate fee, IEEE will grant users a limited, non-exclusive license tophotocopy portions of any individual standard for company or organizational internal use or individual, non-commercial use only. To arrange for payment of licensing fees, please contact Copyright Clearance Center,Customer Service, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; +1 978 750 8400. Permission tophotocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained throughthe Copyright Clearance Center.

Updating of IEEE Standards documents

Users of IEEE Standards documents should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any timeby the issuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through the issuance of amendments,corrigenda, or errata. An official IEEE document at any point in time consists of the current edition of thedocument together with any amendments, corrigenda, or errata then in effect.

Every IEEE standard is subjected to review at least every ten years. When a document is more than ten yearsold and has not undergone a revision process, it is reasonable to conclude that its contents, although still ofsome value, do not wholly reflect the present state of the art. Users are cautioned to check to determine thatthey have the latest edition of any IEEE standard.

In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and whether it has been amendedthrough the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata, visit the IEEE-SA Website at http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/home.jsp or contact IEEE at the address listed previously. For more informationabout the IEEE SA or IEEE’s standards development process, visit the IEEE-SA Website at http://standards.ieee.org.

Errata

Errata, if any, for all IEEE standards can be accessed on the IEEE-SA Website at the following URL: http://standards.ieee.org/findstds/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errataperiodically.

Patents

Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject mattercovered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken by the IEEE with respect to theexistence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. If a patent holder or patent applicant hasfiled a statement of assurance via an Accepted Letter of Assurance, then the statement is listed on the IEEE-SA Website at http://standards.ieee.org/about/sasb/patcom/patents.html. Letters of Assurance may indicatewhether the Submitter is willing or unwilling to grant licenses under patent rights without compensation orunder reasonable rates, with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfairdiscrimination to applicants desiring to obtain such licenses.

Essential Patent Claims may exist for which a Letter of Assurance has not been received. The IEEE is notresponsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conductinginquiries into the legal validity or scope of Patents Claims, or determining whether any licensing terms orconditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensingagreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this standard are expressly advised thatdetermination of the validity of any patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely theirown responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/home.jsphttp://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/home.jsphttp://standards.ieee.orghttp://standards.ieee.orghttp://standards.ieee.org/findstds/errata/index.htmlhttp://standards.ieee.org/findstds/errata/index.htmlhttp://standards.ieee.org/about/sasb/patcom/patents.html

6Copyright © 2016 IEEE. All rights reserved.

Participants

At the time this standard was sent to sponsor ballot, the IEEE P802.15 Working Group had the followingvoting members:

Robert F. Heile, ChairRick Alfvin, Co-Vice Chair

Patrick W. Kinney, Co-Vice ChairJames P. K. Gilb, Working Group Technical Editor

Patrick W. Kinney, Secretary

Patrick W. Kinney, 802.15 Maintenance Committee ChairBenjamin A. Rolfe, 802.15 Maintenance Committee Vice Chair

James P. K. Gilb, Technical Editor

Major contributions in the revision process were received from the following individuals:

Mounir AchirKeiji AkiyamaArthur AstrinPhilip BeecherFrederik BeerChandrashekhar P. S. BhatKiran BynamEdgar CallawayChris CalvertRadhakrishna CanchiKapseok ChangSoo-Young ChangClint ChaplinStephen ChaskoPaul ChiltonSangsung ChoiHendricus de RuijterGuido DolmansIgor DotlicStefan DrudeDietmar EggertShahriar EmamiAndrew EstradaDavid EvansGeorge FlammerKiyoshi FukuiMatthew GillmoreTim GodfreyElad GottlibJussi HaapolaRainer Hach

Shinsuke HaraTimothy HarringtonJames HartmanMarco HernandezKen HiragaIwao HosakoYeong Min JangSeong-Soon JooAkifumi KasamatsuShuzo KatoToyoyuki KatoJeritt KentJaehwan KimYoungsoo KimShoichi KitazawaTero KivinenRyuji KohnoFumihide KojimaThomas KuernerByung-Jae KwakJae Seung LeeMyung LeeSangjae LeeHuan-Bang LiLiang LiQing LiMichael LynchItaru MaekawaHiroyuki MatsumuraMichael McLaughlinMichael McInnisKenichi Mori

Robert MoskowitzJinesh P. NairChiu NgoPaul NikolichJohn NotorHiroyo OgawaTaejoon ParkGlenn ParsonsCharles PerkinsAlbert PetrickClinton C. PowellVerotiana RabarijaonaIvan ReedeRichard RobertsRuben E. Salazar CardozoNoriyuki SatoNorihiko SekineKunal ShahStephen ShellhammerShusaku ShimadaGary StuebingDon SturekMineo TakaiKou TogashiBilly VersoGabriel VillardiBrian WeisMakoto YaitaPeter YeeYu ZengChunhui (Allan) Zhu

Philip BeecherMonique BrownEdgar CallawaySoo-Young ChangJames P. K. GilbTim GodfreyJussi HaapolaTimothy Harrington

Jeritt KentPatrick W. KinneyTero KivinenAmarjeet KumarMichael McInnisRobert MoskowitzClinton C. PowellVerotiana Rabarijaona

Benjamin A. RolfeRuben E. Salazar CardozoCristina SeibertKunal ShalShusakh ShimadaChin-Sean SumLarry TaylorBilly Verso


The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may havevoted for approval, disapproval, or abstention.

When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 5 December 2015, it had the followingmembership:

John Kulick, Chair Jon Walter Rosdahl, Vice Chair Richard H. Hulett, Past Chair

Konstantinos Karachalios, Secretary

*Member Emeritus

Rick AlfvinNobumitsu AmachiButch AntonStefan AustMichael BahrMadhusudan BanavaraPhilip E. BeecherHarry BimsGennaro BoggiaRiccardo BramaNancy BravinVern BrethourMonique BrownWilliam ByrdBrent CainEdgar CallawayRadhakrishna CanchiJuan CarreonSuresh ChannarasappaKeith ChowCharles CookSteven CrowleySourav DuttaRichard EdgarDavid EvansLiu FangfangMichael FischerAvraham FreedmanDevon GayleJames P. K. GilbGregory GilloolyJoel GoergenRandall GrovesChris GuyRainer HachTimothy HarringtonMarco HernandezGuido HiertzWerner HoelzlTetsushi Ikegami

Noriyuki IkeuchiAkio IsoAtsushi ItoRaj JainOyvind JanbuMichael Johas TeenerAdri JovinNaveen KakaniShinkyo KakuPiotr KarockiRuediger KaysJeritt KentStuart KerryYongbum KimPatrick W. KinneyTero KivinenFumihide KojimaBruce KraemerYasushi KudohAmarjeet KumarJeremy LandtHyeong Ho LeeJames LeppArthur H. LightVincent LipsioWilliam LumpkinsElvis MaculubaJames MarinRoger MarksMichael McInnisMichael McLaughlinApurva ModyJose MoralesRonald MuriasJinesh NairJuichi NakadaMichael NewmanChiu NgoNick S. A. NikjooPaul Nikolich

Yoshihiro OhbaOkundu OmeniSatoshi OyamaStephen PalmArumugam PaventhanDalibor PokrajacClinton C. PowellVenkatesha PrasadVerotiana RabarijaonaDemir RakanovicR. K. RannowMaximilian RiegelRobert RobinsonOsman SakrRuben E. Salazar CardozoJohn SanthoffNaotaka SatoBartien SayogoKunal ShahShusaku ShimadaSuresh ShrimavleDaniel SmolinskiThomas StaraiRene StruikWalter StrupplerPatricia ThalerDavid ThompsonHa-Nguyen TranMark-Rene UchidaLorenzo VangelistaDmitri VarsanofievPrabodh VarshneyRaj VaswaniGeorge VlantisKhurram WaheedHung-Yu WeiBrian WeisAndreas WolfOren YuenDaidi Zhong

Masayuki AriyoshiTed Burse Stephen Dukes Jean-Phillippe Faure J. Travis GriffithGary Hoffman Michael Janezic

Joseph L. Koepfinger* David J. Law Hung Ling Andrew MylesT. W. Olsen Glenn Parsons Ronald C. Peterson Annette D. Reilly

Stephen J. ShellhammerAdrian P. Stephens Yatin Trivedi Phillip Winston Don Wright Yu Yuan Daidi Zhong


Historical participants

Many individuals have participated in the IEEE P802.15 Working Group during various stages of thestandard’s development. Since the initial publication, many amendments have added functionality orupdated material in this standard, and now three revisions have been published. Here is a historical list of theworking group participants who dedicated their valuable time, energy, and knowledge to the advancement ofthis standard at the time of its original publication and for its revisions. Many of these members also workedon amendments.

The following members of the IEEE P802.15 Working Group participated in the development of the originalstandard, IEEE Std 802.15.4-2003:

Robert F. Heile, ChairJames D. Allen, Vice Chair

Patrick W. Kinney, SecretaryMichael D. McInnis, Assistant Secretary and Editor

Ian C. Gifford, Task Group 1 ChairStephen J. Shellhammer, Task Group 2 Chair

John R. Barr, Task Group 3 Chair

Patrick W. Kinney, Task Group 4 ChairPhil Jamieson, Task Group 4 Vice Chair

José A. Gutierrez, Task Group 4 Editor-in-ChiefMarco Naeve, Task Group 4 Secretary

Monique Bourgeois, MAC Technical EditorSaid Moridi, PHY Technical Editor

Phil Jamieson, Layer Management Technical EditorGreg Breen, Low-Band PHY Technical Editing

Ed Callaway, Networking Technical EditingPaul Gorday, High-Band PHY Technical Editing

Marco Naeve, General Description Technical EditingDavid Cypher, PICs/SDLs Technical Editing

Robert D. Poor, Coexistence Technical EditingFarron Dacus, Regulatory Technical Editing

Roberto AielloMasaaki AkahaneRichard AlfvinArun ArunachalamNaiel AskarVenkat I. BahlDaniel BaileyJay BainJames BakerJaiganesh BalakrishnanAnuj BatraTimothy BlaneyKenneth BoehikeStan BottomsMark V. BowlesChuck BrabenacSoo-Young ChangFrancois Po_Shin ChinAik Chindapol

Craig ConklingAnand DabakKai DombrowskiMary DuValMichael DydykJason L. EllisMark W. FidlerJeff R. FoersterDavid S. FurunoPierre GandolfoAtul GargJames GilbNada GolmieYasuo HaradaAllen HeberlingBarry HeroldRobert Y. HuangEran IglerKatsumi Ishii

Jeyhan KaraoguzMasami KatagiriJoy H. KellyStuart J. KerryYongsuk KimYoung Hwan KimGünter KleindlBruce P. KraemerDoHoon KwonJim LansfordDavid LeeperLiang LiYeong-Chang MaaSteven MarchRalph MasonJim MeyerLeonard E. MillerAkira MiuraAndreas Molisch


Major contributions were received from the following individuals:

The following members of the IEEE P802.15 Working Group participated in the development of the firstrevision, IEEE Std 802.15.4-2006:

Robert F. Heile, ChairJames D. Allen, Vice Chair

Patrick W. Kinney, Assistant Vice ChairJames P. K. Gilb, Editor-in-Chief

Patrick W. Kinney, SecretaryMichael D. McInnis, Assistant Secretary and Editor

John R. Barr, Task Group 3b ChairReed Fisher, Task Group 3c Chair

Patrick W. Kinney, Task Group 4a ChairMyung Lee, Task Group 5 Chair

Robert D. Poor, Task Group 4b ChairMarco Naeve, Task Group 4b Vice Chair

Monique B. Brown, Task Group 4b Editor-in-ChiefEric T. Gnoske, Task Group 4b Secretary

Philip E. Beecher, MAC Contributing EditorMonique B. Brown, MAC Technical Editor

Edgar H. Callaway, Jr., MAC Contributing EditorFrancois Chin, PHY Contributing Editor

Robert C. Cragie, MAC/Security Contributing Editor

Antonio MondragonTony MorelliChiu NgoKei ObaraKnut OdmanJohn B. PardeeJongun ParkDave PattonMarcus PendergrassGregg RasorIvan ReedeJim RichardsGlyn RobertsRichard RobertsWilliam RobertsChris RogersPhilippe Rouzet

Chandos RypinskiJohn H. SanthoffMark SchraderTom SchusterErik SchylanderMichael SealsNick ShepherdGadi ShorWilliam ShvodianThomas SiepKazimierz SiwiakCarl StevensonRene StruikShigeru SugayaKazuhisa TakamuraKatsumi Takaoka

Teik-Kheong TanLarry TaylorStephen E. TaylorHans vanLeeuwenRitesh VishwakarmaThierry WalrantJing WangFijio WatanabeMathew WelbornRichard WilsonStephen WoodEdward G. WoodrowHirohisa YamaguchiAmos YoungSong-Lin YoungNakache Yves-paulJim Zyren

Tony AdamsonDavid ArcherDavid AveryVenkat BahlDaniel BaileyEdul BatliwalaPratik BoseBoaz CarmeliFarron DacusMartin DigonIan C. Gifford

Ed HogervorstStephen KorfhageCharles LuebkeMasahiro MaedaIan MarsdenChris MarshallPaul MarshallFred MartinRalph MasonRod MillerPhil Rudland

Niels SchuttenNick ShepherdAri SingerRalph D’SouzaCarl StevensonMark TilinghastHans Van LeeuwenJacco van MuiswinkelLuis PereiraRichard WilsonWim Zwart


Paul Gorday, PHY Contributing EditorJames P. K. Gilb, Draft D3 Editor-in-Chief

Øyvind Janbu, MAC/PHY/Security Contributing EditorMarco Naeve, General Description/PICS Editor, MAC Contributing Editor

Clinton C. Powell, PHY Technical EditorJoseph Reddy, Security Contributing EditorZachary Smith, MAC Contributing EditorRené Struik, Security Contributing Editor

Andreas C. Wolf, PHY Contributing Editor

Roberto AielloRichard AlfvinMikio AokiTakashi AritaLarry ArnettArthur AstrinYasaman BahreiniJay BainAlan BerkemaBruce BoscoMark BowlesCharles BrabenacDavid BrennerVern BrethourRonald BrownBill CarneyKuor-Hsin ChangJonathon CheahKwan-Wu ChinSarm-Goo ChoSungsoo ChoiYun ChoiChun-Ting ChouManoj ChoudharyCelestino CorralJoe DecuirJavier Del Prado PavonKai DombrowskiStefan DrudeAmal EkbalJason EllisShahriar EmamiPaul EverestMark W. FidlerKris FlemingAmir FreundCamillo GentileIan GiffordSung-Wook GohSorin GoldenbergVivek GuptaRainer HachRobert HallShinsuke HaraJeff HarrisAllen HeberlingEric HeinzeBarry HeroldKeisuke HiguchiJin-Meng HoPatrick HoughtonRobert Huang

Tian-Wei HuangHideto IkedaTetsushi IkegamiAdrian JenningsHo-In JeonTzyy Hong JiangDavid JulianJeyhan KaraoguzMichael KellyStuart KerryJae-Hyon KimJaeyoung KimJinkyeong KimYongsuk KimKursat KimyaciogluMatthias KindlerGuenter KleindlRyuji KohnoMike KrellYasushi KudoAkiomi KunisaYuzo KuramochiJiun-You LaiIsmail LakkisJohn LampeKyung Kuk LeeWooyong LeeDavid LeeperHuan-Bang LiHaixiang LiangIan MacnamaraAkira MaekiPatricia MartigneAbbie MathewTaisuke MatsumotoGustaf MaxMichael McLaughlinCharlie MelloneKlaus MeyerSamuel MoAndreas MolischMark MooreKen NaganumaYves-Paul NakacheHiroyuki NakaseSaishankar NandagopalanChiu NgoErwin NobleJohn O’ConorKnut OdmanHiroyo OgawaYasuyuki Okuma

Philip OrlikLaurent OuvryJohn PardeeNirmalendu PatraDave PattonXiaoming PengTony PollockVidyasagar PremkumarYihong QiRaad RaadPekka RantaDani RaphaeliGregg RasorCharles RazzellIvan ReedeYuko RikutaTerry RobarGlyn RobertsRichard RobertsBenjamin A. RolfePhilippe RouzetChandos RypinskiAli SadriSaeid SafaviZafer SahinogluTomoki SaitoSyed SaleemKamran SayrafianJean SchwoererErik SchylanderAlireza SeyediSanjeev SharmaSiddharth ShettyJohn ShiShusaku ShimadaYuichi ShirakiGadi ShorWilliam ShvodianThomas SiepMichael SimKazimierz SiwiakV. SomayazuluAmjad SoomroCarl StevensonKazuaki TakahashiKenichi TakizawaTeik-Kheong TanMike TanahashiYasushi TanakaJames TaylorArnaud TonnerreIchihiko Toyoda



The following members of the IEEE P802.15 Working Group participated in the development of the secondrevision, IEEE Std 802.15.4-2011:

Robert F. Heile, ChairRick Alfvin, Co-Vice Chair

Patrick W. Kinney, Co-Vice ChairJames P. K. Gilb, Working Group Technical Editor

Patrick W. Kinney, Secretary

James P. K. Gilb, Task Group 4i Chair and Technical Editor

Jerry UptonBart Van PouckeChris WeberMatthew WelbornMagnus Wiklund

Gerald WineingerPatrick WorfolkTracy WrightHirohisa YamaguchiKamya Yekeh Yazdandoost

Su-Khiong YongZhan YuSerdar YurdakulMahmoud ZadehBin Zhen

Jon AdamsHelmut P. AdamskiJonathan AveyJon BenistonBernd GrohmannJosé A. GutierrezJesper HolmZhiJian HuPhil A. JamiesonYuen-Sam Kwok

Colin LanzlMyung LeeZhongding LeiLiang LiYong LiuFrederick MartinFrank PoegelMatthias ScheideD. C. Seward

Huai-Rong ShaoMark SheaStephen J. ShellhammerMark A. TillinghastJohannes Van LeeuwenRichard WilsonPing XiongBing XuChenYang YangChunhui Zhu

Emad AfifiGahng-Seop AhnRoberto AielloArthur AstrinTaehan BaeMichael BahrJohn BarrAnuj BatraTuncer BaykasPhilip E. BeecherAshutosh BhatiaGhulam BhattiGary BirkMathew BoytimPeter David BradleyNancy BravinDavid BritzMonique B. BrownSverre BrubkBrian BuchananJohn BuffingtonKiran BynamBrent CainEdgar H. CallawayChris Calvert

Ruben E. Salazar CardozoDouglas CastorJaesang ChaRussell ChandlerKuor-Hsin ChangSoo-Young ChangClint ChaplinHind ChebboChang-Soon ChoiSangsung ChoiCiaran ConnellDavid CypherMatthew DahlDavid DavenportMark DawkinsHendricus de RuijterUpkar DhaliwalGang DingPaul DixonGuido DolmansIgor DotlicMichael DowDietmar EggertDavid EvansCharles Farlow

John FarserotuJeffrey FischbeckMike FischerGeorge FlammerRyosuke FujiwaraNoriyasu FukatsuKiyoshi FukuiJohn GeigerGregory GilloolyTim GodfreyPaul GordayElad GottlibRobert HallShinsuke HaraHiroshi HaradaTimothy HarringtonRodney HemmingerMarco HernandezGarth HillmanJin-Meng HoWei HongSrinath HosurDavid HowardJung-Hwan HwangTaeho Hwang



Ichirou IdaTetsushi IkegamiAkio IsoYeong Min JangAdrian JenningsWuncheol JeongSteven JillingsNoh-Gyoung KangTae-Gyu KangShuzo KatoTatsuya KatoJeritt KentPrithpal KhakuriaDae Ho KimDong-Sun KimDukhyun KimJaehwan KimJeffrey KingRyuji KohnoFumihide KojimaBruce KraemerRaymond KrasinskiMasahiro KurodaJohn LampeZhou LanKhanh LeCheolhyo LeeHyungsoo LeeMyung LeeDaniel LewisHuan-Bang LiLiang LiSang-Kyu LimJeremy LinkMike LynchRobert MasonTomokuni MatsumuraJeff McCulloughMichael McGillanMichael D. McInnisMichael McLaughlinCharles MilletSiamak MirnezamiRishi MohindraEmmanuel MonnerieRajendra Moorti

Robert MoskowitzHamilton MoyPeter MurrayTheodore MyersChiu NgoPaul NikolichHirohito NishiyamaDavid OlsonOkundu OmeniRyoji OnoLaurent OuvryJames PaceHyung-Il ParkJahng ParkSeung-Hoon ParkTaejoon ParkRanjeet PatroAl PetrickDalibor PokrajacDaniel PopaStephen PopeClinton C. PowellRichard PowellChang-Woo PyoMohammad RahmanSridhar RajagopalJayaram RamasastryMarc ReedIvan ReedeRichard RobertsCraig RodineJune Chul RohBenjamin A. RolfeSeung-Moon RyuDidier SaganKentaro SakamotoWill San FilippoH. SanderfordKamran SayrafianTimothy SchmidlMichael SchmidtJean SchwoererCristina SeibertNeal SeidlKunal Shah

Steve ShearerStephen ShellhammerShusaku ShimadaChang Sub ShinCheol Ho ShinMichael SimJonathan SimonJaeseung SonPaul StadnikRené StruikChin-Sean SumHui-Hsia SungGu SungiKenichi TakizawaHirokazu TanakaLarry TaylorMark ThompsonJames TomcikIchihiko ToyodaDavid TraceyKhanh TranJerry UptonJana van GreunenHartman van WykMichel VeilletteBilly VersoBhupender VirkJoachim WalewskiJunyi WangQuan WangXiang WangAndy WardScott WeikelNicholas WestMark WilburLudwig WinkelEun Tae WonAlan Chi Wai WongTao XingWen-Bin YangYang YangKazuyuki YasukawaKamya YazdandoostKaoru YokooMu ZhaoBin Zhen

Philip E. BeecherVern BrethourMonique B. BrownEdgar H. CallawayKuor-Hsin Chang

Clint ChaplinJames P. K. GilbPatrick W. KinneyMichael D. McInnis

Clinton C. PowellBenjamin A. RolfeTimothy SchmidlRené StruikBilly Verso


Introduction

This is the third revision of IEEE Std 802.15.4. From the beginning, the goal of the IEEE P802.15 WorkingGroup was to produce a standard that enabled very low-cost, low-power communications. The initialstandard, IEEE Std 802.15.4-2003, defined two optional physical layers (PHYs), operating in differentfrequency bands with a simple and effective medium access control (MAC).

In 2006, the standard was revised and added two more PHY options. The MAC remained backwardcompatible, but the revision added MAC frames with an increased version number and a variety of MACenhancements, including the following:

— Support for a shared time base with a data time stamping mechanism— Support for beacon scheduling— Synchronization of broadcast messages in beacon-enabled personal area networks (PANs)— Improved MAC layer security

In 2011, the standard was revised to include the three amendments approved subsequent to the 2006revision. This effort added four more PHY options along with the MAC capability to support ranging.Additionally, the organization of the standard was changed so that each PHY would have a separate clause,and the MAC clause was split into functional description, interface specification, and security specification.

The current revision of the standard was created to roll in the amendments approved subsequent to the 2011revision: six PHY amendments and one MAC amendment, with corrigenda and clarifications. The featuresadded by the amendments include the following:

— Enhanced frame formats maintaining backward compatibility— Information Elements (IEs)— Channel agility— Extended superframe options— Low-energy mechanisms— An enhanced acknowledgment frame that can carry data and can be secured— Prioritized channel access— A variety of new PHY modulation, coding, and band options to support a wide variety of application

needs including radio frequency identification (RFID), smart utility networks (SUNs), televisionwhite space (TVWS) operation, low-energy critical infrastructure monitoring (LECIM), and railcommunications and control (RCC).

Much of the corrigenda and clarifications were collected from requests from individuals after the revision in2011. Major corrigenda items included changes to the security text to correct errors and clarify the text,removal of the encrypt only mode, addition of security policy checks for the IEs, corrections regardingpersonal area network identifier (PAN ID) compression behavior to eliminate ambiguous specification, andchanges to the IEs subclauses to include more information necessary for users of this standard.

The Project Authorization Request (PAR) for IEEE Std 802.15.4-2015 was first proposed in July 2013 andwas approved in October 2013 by IEEE’s New Standards Committee (NesCom). After three working groupballots and two sponsor ballots, the final standard was approved in December 2015, just over two years fromstart to finish.

This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 802.15.4™-2015, IEEE Standard for Low-Rate Wireless Personal AreaNetworks (WPANs).


Contents

1. Overview................................................................................................................................................ 35

1.1 Scope............................................................................................................................................ 351.2 Purpose......................................................................................................................................... 35

2. Normative references ............................................................................................................................. 36

3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations.............................................................................................. 37

3.1 Definitions ................................................................................................................................... 373.2 Acronyms and abbreviations ....................................................................................................... 38

4. Format conventions................................................................................................................................ 42

4.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 424.2 Fields............................................................................................................................................ 424.3 Numbers....................................................................................................................................... 434.4 Strings .......................................................................................................................................... 434.5 Reserved fields and values........................................................................................................... 43

5. General description ................................................................................................................................ 44

5.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 445.2 Special application spaces ........................................................................................................... 44

5.2.1 Smart utility network (SUN).......................................................................................... 445.2.2 Rail communications and control (RCC)....................................................................... 445.2.3 Television white space (TVWS).................................................................................... 455.2.4 Radio frequency identification (RFID).......................................................................... 455.2.5 Low-energy, critical infrastructure monitoring (LECIM) ............................................. 455.2.6 Medical body area network (MBAN) services .............................................................. 45

5.3 Components of the IEEE 802.15.4 WPAN.................................................................................. 455.4 Multi-PHY management (MPM) of the SUN WPAN................................................................. 455.5 Network topologies...................................................................................................................... 46

5.5.1 Star network formation .................................................................................................. 465.5.2 Peer-to-peer network formation..................................................................................... 47

5.6 Architecture ................................................................................................................................. 485.6.1 PHY ............................................................................................................................... 495.6.2 MAC sublayer................................................................................................................ 49

5.7 Functional overview .................................................................................................................... 505.7.1 Superframe structure...................................................................................................... 50

5.7.1.1 Beacon superframe ...................................................................................... 505.7.1.2 DSME multi-superframe structure............................................................... 515.7.1.3 Slotframes .................................................................................................... 515.7.1.4 TMCTP superframe ..................................................................................... 51

5.7.2 Data transfer model........................................................................................................ 525.7.2.1 Types of data transfer models ...................................................................... 525.7.2.2 Data transfer to a coordinator ...................................................................... 525.7.2.3 Data transfer from a coordinator.................................................................. 525.7.2.4 Peer-to-peer data transfers ........................................................................... 53

5.7.3 Frame structure .............................................................................................................. 535.7.4 Access methods.............................................................................................................. 53


5.7.4.1 Frame acknowledgment ............................................................................... 535.7.4.2 Frak .............................................................................................................. 545.7.4.3 Data verification .......................................................................................... 54

5.7.5 Power consumption considerations ............................................................................... 545.7.5.1 Low-energy mechanisms ............................................................................. 54

5.7.6 Security .......................................................................................................................... 555.8 Concept of primitives................................................................................................................... 565.9 Deprecation of features ................................................................................................................ 56

6. MAC functional description .................................................................................................................. 57

6.1 Device types and conventions...................................................................................................... 576.2 Channel access ............................................................................................................................. 57

6.2.1 Superframe structure...................................................................................................... 576.2.1.1 Contention access period (CAP).................................................................. 596.2.1.2 Contention-free period (CFP) ...................................................................... 596.2.1.3 BOP.............................................................................................................. 59

6.2.2 Incoming and outgoing superframe timing.................................................................... 596.2.3 Enhanced Beacon frame timing for MPM procedure .................................................... 606.2.4 IFS.................................................................................................................................. 616.2.5 Random access methods ................................................................................................ 61

6.2.5.1 CSMA-CA algorithm................................................................................... 616.2.5.2 TSCH CCA algorithm ................................................................................. 646.2.5.3 TSCH CSMA-CA retransmission algorithm ............................................... 646.2.5.4 CSMA-CA with PCA .................................................................................. 666.2.5.5 LECIM ALOHA PCA ................................................................................. 69

6.2.6 TSCH slotframe structure .............................................................................................. 696.2.6.1 General......................................................................................................... 696.2.6.2 Absolute slot number (ASN) ....................................................................... 706.2.6.3 Links ............................................................................................................ 706.2.6.4 Multiple slotframes ...................................................................................... 70

6.2.7 LE functional description............................................................................................... 716.2.7.1 LE contention access period (LE CAP)....................................................... 716.2.7.2 LE superframe structure............................................................................... 716.2.7.3 LE-incoming and outgoing superframe timing............................................ 716.2.7.4 LE scan ........................................................................................................ 71

6.2.8 Superframe use for TMCTP operation .......................................................................... 726.2.9 Rail communications and control network (RCCN) superframe structure.................... 726.2.10 Channel hopping ............................................................................................................ 73

6.3 Starting and maintaining PANs ................................................................................................... 756.3.1 Scanning through channels ............................................................................................ 75

6.3.1.1 ED channel scan........................................................................................... 756.3.1.2 Active and passive channel scan.................................................................. 756.3.1.3 Orphan channel scan.................................................................................... 786.3.1.4 RIT passive channel scan............................................................................. 80

6.3.2 PAN ID conflict resolution ............................................................................................ 816.3.2.1 Detection...................................................................................................... 816.3.2.2 Resolution .................................................................................................... 82

6.3.3 Starting and realigning a PAN ....................................................................................... 826.3.3.1 Starting a PAN ............................................................................................. 826.3.3.2 Realigning a PAN ........................................................................................ 826.3.3.3 Realignment in a PAN ................................................................................. 846.3.3.4 Updating superframe configuration and channel PIB attributes.................. 84

6.3.4 Beacon generation.......................................................................................................... 84


6.3.5 Device discovery............................................................................................................ 866.3.6 TSCH PAN formation ................................................................................................... 86

6.4 Association and disassociation .................................................................................................... 876.4.1 Association..................................................................................................................... 876.4.2 Disassociation ................................................................................................................ 906.4.3 Fast association .............................................................................................................. 92

6.5 Synchronization ........................................................................................................................... 936.5.1 General........................................................................................................................... 936.5.2 Synchronization with beacons ....................................................................................... 936.5.3 Synchronization without beacons .................................................................................. 956.5.4 Synchronization in TSCH PAN..................................................................................... 95

6.5.4.1 Timeslot communication ............................................................................. 966.5.4.2 Node synchronization .................................................................................. 97

6.5.5 Orphaned device realignment ........................................................................................ 986.6 Transaction handling.................................................................................................................... 986.7 Transmission, reception, and acknowledgment ........................................................................... 99

6.7.1 Transmission.................................................................................................................. 996.7.2 Reception and rejection ............................................................................................... 1016.7.3 Extracting pending data from a coordinator ................................................................ 1026.7.4 Use of acknowledgments and retransmissions ............................................................ 104

6.7.4.1 No acknowledgment .................................................................................. 1046.7.4.2 Acknowledgment ....................................................................................... 1056.7.4.3 Retransmissions ......................................................................................... 106

6.7.5 Transmission timing restrictions.................................................................................. 1066.7.6 Guard time ................................................................................................................... 1076.7.7 Promiscuous mode....................................................................................................... 1096.7.8 Transmission scenarios ................................................................................................ 1096.7.9 Device announcement.................................................................................................. 110

6.8 GTS allocation and management ............................................................................................... 1116.8.1 GTS general requirements ........................................................................................... 1116.8.2 CAP maintenance ........................................................................................................ 1126.8.3 GTS allocation ............................................................................................................. 1126.8.4 GTS usage.................................................................................................................... 1136.8.5 GTS deallocation ......................................................................................................... 1146.8.6 GTS reallocation .......................................................................................................... 1156.8.7 GTS expiration............................................................................................................. 117

6.9 Ranging ...................................................................................................................................... 1176.9.1 Ranging requirements .................................................................................................. 1176.9.2 Set-up activities before a ranging exchange ................................................................ 1176.9.3 Finish-up activities after a ranging exchange .............................................................. 1176.9.4 Managing DPS............................................................................................................. 1186.9.5 The ranging exchange .................................................................................................. 119

6.10 PHY parameter change notification procedure.......................................................................... 1206.10.1 Signaling using Beacon frames.................................................................................... 1206.10.2 Signaling using multipurpose frames .......................................................................... 120

6.11 Deterministic and synchronous multi-channel extension (DSME) ........................................... 1216.11.1 DSME command requirements.................................................................................... 1216.11.2 DSME multi-superframe structure............................................................................... 1216.11.3 Channel diversity ......................................................................................................... 123

6.11.3.1 Channel adaptation .................................................................................... 1236.11.3.2 Channel hopping ........................................................................................ 124

6.11.4 CAP reduction.............................................................................................................. 1266.11.5 DSME GTS allocation and management..................................................................... 126

6.11.5.1 DSME GTS allocation ............................................................................... 127


6.11.5.2 DSME GTS deallocation ........................................................................... 1306.11.5.3 DSME GTS expiration............................................................................... 1316.11.5.4 DSME GTS retrieve................................................................................... 1316.11.5.5 DSME GTS change ................................................................................... 132

6.11.6 Beacon scheduling ....................................................................................................... 1326.11.7 Time synchronization .................................................................................................. 1336.11.8 Deferred beacon........................................................................................................... 1346.11.9 Passive channel scan .................................................................................................... 134

6.12 LE transmission, reception and acknowledgment ..................................................................... 1346.12.1 LE transmission, reception, and acknowledgment with positive handshakes ............. 1346.12.2 Coordinated sampled listening (CSL).......................................................................... 135

6.12.2.1 CSL idle listening ...................................................................................... 1366.12.2.2 CSL transmission....................................................................................... 1366.12.2.3 Unicast transmission .................................................................................. 1376.12.2.4 Broadcast transmission .............................................................................. 1376.12.2.5 CSL reception ............................................................................................ 1386.12.2.6 CSL over multiple channels....................................................................... 1386.12.2.7 Turning off CSL mode to reduce latency .................................................. 138

6.12.3 RIT ............................................................................................................................... 1386.12.3.1 General....................................................................................................... 1386.12.3.2 Periodic RIT data request transmission and reception............................... 1396.12.3.3 RIT transmission........................................................................................ 141

6.12.4 Implicit RIT (I-RIT)..................................................................................................... 1436.13 Starting and maintaining TMCTPs ............................................................................................ 1436.14 MPM procedure for inter-PHY coexistence .............................................................................. 1466.15 TVWS access procedures .......................................................................................................... 1496.16 Channel timing management (CTM)......................................................................................... 149

7. MAC frame formats............................................................................................................................. 151

7.1 Device extended address............................................................................................................ 1517.2 General MAC frame format....................................................................................................... 151

7.2.1 Frame Control field...................................................................................................... 1517.2.1.1 Frame Type field........................................................................................ 1527.2.1.2 Security Enabled field................................................................................ 1527.2.1.3 Frame Pending field................................................................................... 1527.2.1.4 AR field...................................................................................................... 1537.2.1.5 PAN ID Compression field........................................................................ 1537.2.1.6 Sequence Number Suppression ................................................................. 1547.2.1.7 IE Present field........................................................................................... 1547.2.1.8 Destination Addressing Mode field ........................................................... 1547.2.1.9 Frame Version field ................................................................................... 1547.2.1.10 Source Addressing Mode field .................................................................. 155

7.2.2 Sequence Number field................................................................................................ 1557.2.3 Destination PAN ID field ............................................................................................ 1557.2.4 Destination Address field............................................................................................. 1557.2.5 Source PAN ID field.................................................................................................... 1567.2.6 Source Address field .................................................................................................... 1567.2.7 Auxiliary Security Header field ................................................................................... 1567.2.8 IE field ......................................................................................................................... 1567.2.9 Frame Payload field ..................................................................................................... 1567.2.10 FCS field ...................................................................................................................... 156

7.3 Format of individual frame types............................................................................................... 1587.3.1 Beacon frame format ................................................................................................... 158


7.3.1.1 Beacon frame MHR field........................................................................... 1597.3.1.2 IEs field...................................................................................................... 1607.3.1.3 Superframe Specification field .................................................................. 1607.3.1.4 GTS Info field ............................................................................................ 1617.3.1.5 Pending Address field ................................................................................ 1627.3.1.6 Beacon Payload field ................................................................................. 162

7.3.2 Data frame format ........................................................................................................ 1637.3.2.1 Data frame MHR field ............................................................................... 1637.3.2.2 Data Payload field...................................................................................... 163

7.3.3 Ack frame format......................................................................................................... 1637.3.4 MAC command frame format...................................................................................... 165

7.3.4.1 MHR field .................................................................................................. 1657.3.4.2 Command ID field ..................................................................................... 1657.3.4.3 Payload field .............................................................................................. 165

7.3.5 Multipurpose frame format .......................................................................................... 1657.3.5.1 Frame Type field........................................................................................ 1667.3.5.2 Long Frame Control field .......................................................................... 1667.3.5.3 Destination Addressing Mode field ........................................................... 1667.3.5.4 Source Addressing Mode field .................................................................. 1667.3.5.5 PAN ID Present field ................................................................................. 1667.3.5.6 Security Enabled field................................................................................ 1677.3.5.7 Sequence Number Suppression field ......................................................... 1677.3.5.8 Frame Pending field................................................................................... 1677.3.5.9 Frame Version field ................................................................................... 1677.3.5.10 Ack Request field....................................................................................... 1677.3.5.11 IEs Present field ......................................................................................... 1677.3.5.12 Sequence Number field.............................................................................. 1677.3.5.13 Destination PAN ID field .......................................................................... 1677.3.5.14 Destination Address field........................................................................... 1677.3.5.15 Source Address field .................................................................................. 1677.3.5.16 Auxiliary Security Header field ................................................................. 1677.3.5.17 IEs field...................................................................................................... 1687.3.5.18 Payload field .............................................................................................. 168

7.3.6 Extended frame format ................................................................................................ 1687.4 IEs .............................................................................................................................................. 168

7.4.1 IE list termination ........................................................................................................ 1687.4.2 Header IEs.................................................................................................................... 169

7.4.2.1 Header IE format ....................................................................................... 1697.4.2.2 Vendor Specific Header IE ........................................................................ 1717.4.2.3 CSL IE ....................................................................................................... 1717.4.2.4 RIT IE ........................................................................................................ 1717.4.2.5 DSME PAN descriptor IE.......................................................................... 1727.4.2.6 Rendezvous Time IE.................................................................................. 1747.4.2.7 Time Correction IE .................................................................................... 1747.4.2.8 Extended DSME PAN descriptor IE ......................................................... 1757.4.2.9 Fragment Sequence Context Description (FSCD) IE ................................ 1767.4.2.10 Simplified Superframe Specification IE .................................................... 1777.4.2.11 Simplified GTS Specification IE ............................................................... 1787.4.2.12 LECIM Capabilities IE .............................................................................. 1787.4.2.13 RCC Capabilities IE................................................................................... 1807.4.2.14 RCCN Descriptor IE.................................................................................. 1827.4.2.15 Global Time IE .......................................................................................... 1837.4.2.16 DA IE......................................................................................................... 1837.4.2.17 Header Termination 1 IE ........................................................................... 184


7.4.2.18 Header Termination 2 IE ........................................................................... 1847.4.3 Payload IEs .................................................................................................................. 184

7.4.3.1 Encapsulated Service Data Unit (ESDU) IE.............................................. 1847.4.3.2 MLME IE................................................................................................... 1857.4.3.3 Payload Termination IE ............................................................................. 185

7.4.4 Nested IE...................................................................................................................... 1857.4.4.1 Format of Nested IE................................................................................... 1857.4.4.2 TSCH Synchronization IE ......................................................................... 1887.4.4.3 TSCH Slotframe and Link IE .................................................................... 1887.4.4.4 TSCH Timeslot IE ..................................................................................... 1907.4.4.5 Hopping timing IE ..................................................................................... 1917.4.4.6 Enhanced Beacon Filter IE ........................................................................ 1917.4.4.7 MAC Metrics IE ........................................................................................ 1927.4.4.8 All MAC Metrics IE .................................................................................. 1927.4.4.9 Coexistence Specification IE ..................................................................... 1937.4.4.10 SUN Device Capabilities IE ...................................................................... 1937.4.4.11 SUN FSK Generic PHY IE........................................................................ 1997.4.4.12 Mode Switch Parameter IE ........................................................................ 2007.4.4.13 PHY Parameter Change IE ........................................................................ 2007.4.4.14 O-QPSK PHY Mode IE............................................................................. 2017.4.4.15 PCA Allocation IE ..................................................................................... 2017.4.4.16 LECIM DSSS Operating Mode IE ............................................................ 2027.4.4.17 LECIM FSK Operating Mode IE............................................................... 2047.4.4.18 TVWS PHY Operating Mode Description IE ........................................... 2057.4.4.19 TVWS Device Capabilities IE................................................................... 2087.4.4.20 TVWS Device Category IE ....................................................................... 2137.4.4.21 TVWS Device Identification IE ................................................................ 2137.4.4.22 TVWS Device Location IE........................................................................ 2147.4.4.23 TVWS Channel Information Query IE...................................................... 2157.4.4.24 TVWS Channel Information Source IE..................................................... 2177.4.4.25 CTM IE ...................................................................................................... 2187.4.4.26 Timestamp IE............................................................................................. 2197.4.4.27 Timestamp Difference IE........................................................................... 2197.4.4.28 TMCTP Specification IE ........................................................................... 2197.4.4.29 RCC PHY Operating Mode IE .................................................................. 2207.4.4.30 Vendor Specific Nested IE ........................................................................ 2217.4.4.31 Channel hopping IE ................................................................................... 221

7.5 MAC commands ........................................................................................................................ 2227.5.1 Command ID field ....................................................................................................... 2227.5.2 Association Request command.................................................................................... 2237.5.3 Association Response command ................................................................................. 2247.5.4 Disassociation Notification command ......................................................................... 2257.5.5 Data Request command ............................................................................................... 2267.5.6 PAN ID Conflict Notification command ..................................................................... 2277.5.7 Orphan Notification command .................................................................................... 2277.5.8 Beacon Request command........................................................................................... 2287.5.9 Enhanced Beacon Request command .......................................................................... 2287.5.10 Coordinator realignment command ............................................................................. 2287.5.11 GTS request command................................................................................................. 2307.5.12 DSME Association Request command........................................................................ 2307.5.13 DSME Association Response command ..................................................................... 2327.5.14 DSME GTS Request command ................................................................................... 2337.5.15 DSME GTS Response command................................................................................. 2357.5.16 DSME GTS Notify command...................................................................................... 237


7.5.17 DSME Information Request command........................................................................ 2387.5.18 DSME Information Response command ..................................................................... 2387.5.19 DSME Beacon Allocation Notification command ...................................................... 2397.5.20 DSME Beacon Collision Notification command......................................................... 2407.5.21 DSME Link Report command ..................................................................................... 2407.5.22 RIT Data Request command........................................................................................ 2417.5.23 DBS Request command ............................................................................................... 2427.5.24 DBS Response command............................................................................................. 2437.5.25 RIT Data Response command ..................................................................................... 2447.5.26 Vendor Specific command........................................................................................... 244

8. MAC services ...................................................................................................................................... 245

8.1 Overview.................................................................................................................................... 2458.2 MAC management service......................................................................................................... 245

8.2.1 Primitives supported by the MLME-SAP interface..................................................... 2458.2.2 Common requirements for MLME primitives............................................................. 2478.2.3 Association primitives ................................................................................................. 248

8.2.3.1 MLME-ASSOCIATE.request.................................................................... 2488.2.3.2 MLME-ASSOCIATE.indication ............................................................... 2498.2.3.3 MLME-ASSOCIATE.response ................................................................. 2518.2.3.4 MLME-ASSOCIATE.confirm .................................................................. 252

8.2.4 Disassociation primitives ............................................................................................. 2548.2.4.1 MLME-DISASSOCIATE.request ............................................................. 2548.2.4.2 MLME-DISASSOCIATE.indication......................................................... 2568.2.4.3 MLME-DISASSOCIATE.confirm ............................................................ 256

8.2.5 Communications notification primitives ..................................................................... 2578.2.5.1 MLME-BEACON-NOTIFY.indication..................................................... 2578.2.5.2 MLME-COMM-STATUS.indication ........................................................ 2608.2.5.3 MLME-IE-NOTIFY.indication ................................................................. 262

8.2.6 Primitives for reading and writing PIB attributes ........................................................ 2648.2.6.1 MLME-GET.request.................................................................................. 2648.2.6.2 MLME-GET.confirm................................................................................. 2648.2.6.3 MLME-SET.request .................................................................................. 2658.2.6.4 MLME-SET.confirm ................................................................................. 265

8.2.7 GTS management primitives ....................................................................................... 2668.2.7.1 MLME-GTS.request ..................................................................