THE MUSCULAR SYSTEMUnit 1: Physical Education

FUNCTIONSMuscles are responsible for the following:

1.Movement2.Posture3.Production of body heat

MOVEMENTVoluntary: •Under our control.•Responsible for moving bones.•Controlled by CNS.•Muscles pull bones to create movement. Involuntary: •Muscles linked to internal organs such as intestines and lungs.

POSTURE•Muscles are continually in a state of ‘tone’. They help our body maintain upright posture.•People with poor muscle tone generally have poor posture.•When muscles become unbalanced overtime postural problems may occur. •Regular exercise help improve muscle tone.

PRODUCTION OF BODY HEAT•Energy is required to make muscles move.•This reaction produces heat. •Muscles play a vital role in homeostasis.

TYPES OF MUSCLEThere are three types of muscle tissue in the human body

1.Skeletal2.Smooth3.Cardiac

SKELETAL MUSCLES•Attached to bones•Under conscious control – Voluntary •Some skeletal muscles such as eyelid and diaphragm are both voluntary and involuntary. •All skeletal muscles have a striated or striped appearance.

SMOOTH MUSCLES•Found internally in blood vessels and walls of intestine and stomach. •Involuntary •Help with the process of moving food through the digestive system.

CARDIAC MUSCLE

•Makes up walls of the heart. •Involuntary •Striped appearance

SKELETAL MUSCLES