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N CNG NGH CAD/CAM/CNC GVHD:NGUYN PHM TH NHN

SVTH: V XUN PH TRANG 1

LI NI U

Ngy nay vi s pht trin ca khoa hc v k thut, ngi ta p dng cc

thnh tu ca khoa hc v i sng v sn xut. Cng nh i vi cc ghnh khoa hc

khc, nghnh c kh cng p dng rt nhiu tnh tu v khoa hc c bit l iu khin

s. Phn ln cc my mc trong cng nghip hin i ngy nay u s dng my iu

khin s.

i vi sinh vin nghnh c kh, vic tm hiu cc chng trnh iu khin s hay

tham gia vo qu trnh lp trnh l vic lm c ngha nhm gip cho sinh vin nm c

cc kin thc hin i cng nh hiu c bn cht ca cc my iu khin s. V vy

thng qua vic lm n Cng ngh CAD/CAM/CNC gp phn nng cao kin thccho sinh vin.

Trong khun kh n ny chng em sthc hin tigia cng Thn bm bnh

rng . ti c ngha trong cucsng, trong sut qutrnh lm n chng em cng

tham kha nhiu ti liu lin quan cng vi s hng dn ca thy gio Nguyn Phm

Th Nhn gip em hon thnh n ny. Do y l n mi nn chc chn khng

trnh khi sai st em mong c s gp ca cc thy.

Em xin chn thnh cm n.

Sinh vin thc hinV Xun Ph

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CHNGI: PHN TCH IU KIN LM VIC V YU CU KTHUT CA SN PHM

I.1. La chn chi tit:Cc chi tit gia cng trn my CNC th yu cu chnh xc v nhm b mt

cao, do khng th gia cng c trn cc maycng c thng thng.Gm cc chi tit:

- Chi tit l mt b phn chnh ca cc khun dp, khun dp vut, khun c,

khun p,... to ra cc sn phm nha, composite hoc cc sn phm c kh,...

- Chi tit c hnh dng b mt phc tp, yu cu chnh xc cao nh: Turbin thy

lc, kh nn, chn vt tu thy,....

- Chi tit yu cu chnh xc v bng b mt cao, yu cu phi tch hp nhiu

bc cng ngh trn mt nguyn cng khi thc hin gia cng ch to.

Trong khun kh n ny em s thc hin ti gia cng Thn bm bnh

rng

Hnh 1.1- Thn bm bnh rng

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Hnh 1.2- Bn v chi tit

I.2. iu kin lm vic ca chi tit:

Bm bnh rng l bm th tch c cu to bi cc bnh rng c lin kt vi

nhau nn d dng vn chuyn cc dung dch c nht, m c cao. Thn bm bnh

rng chu p lc ca cht lng,trc mang bnh rng quay vi s vng quay ln s sinh ra

rung ng, do thn bm bnh rng i hi phi lm vic tt trong cc iu kin nh

sau:

- S vng quay v cng sut trn mt n v trng lng ln

- p lc ca cht lng ln thnh bm cao

- C kh nng chu qu ti trong mt thi gian ngn

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- Thn bm lm vic trong iu kin rung ng do s chuyn ng quay ca ccbnh rng n khp vi nhau

- m bo kn kht gia hai b mt lp ghp thn bm.I.3. Yu cu k thut ca sn phm:

V thn bm lm vic trong nhng iu kin nh trn nn thn bm i hi yucu v khng song song, vung gc gia cc b mt vi mt (A) phi chnh xc.

trnh hin tng kt bnh rng khi bm hot ng cn phi m bo yu cu kch

thc gia hai tm l lp ghp trc bnh rng. T , t ra yu cu k thut vi thn

bm nh sau:

- khng vung gc gia hai tm l 20 vi mt A l 0.01mm

- khng vung gc gia l 62 vi mt A l 0.016mm

- khng vung gc gia b mt B vi mt A l 0.016mm- Dung sai kch thc hai tm l 62 l 0.03mm

I.4. Vt liu v c tnh:

Vt liu ch to l ht sc quan trng bi v n lin quan n tui th ca khun,

chnh xc gia cng,tc gii nhitkhi chnvt liucntha mn cc yu cu sau:

- Vt liu d tm, tnh gia cng tt

- Chu rung ng tt

- Tnh chu mi mn,chu n mn cao

- Thot nhit dng, t bin dng do nhit

- C tnh kinh t cao

Vi nhng c tnh ta chn vt liu thp C45 vi thnh phn ha hc(%) ca

cc nguyn t nh sau:

C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Cu

0,42-0,50 0,17-0,37 0,50-0,80 0,035 0,04 0,25 0,25 0,25

- Gii hn chy c= 360 Mpa

- Gii hn bn b= 610 MPa

- cng HB=190

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CHNGII: THIT K CHI TIT BNG PHN MM CAD/CAM

II.1. Gii thiu v phn mm Pro/E Wildfire 5.0:

Pro/Engineer Wildfire 5.0 l phin bn mi v m rng ca phin bn 4.0. Pro/EWildfire 5.0 l phn mm tin ch thit lp nhanh, chnh xc cc bn v hnh chiu hai

chiu, bn v hnh chiu trc o ba chiu v cho php t ng lp cc chng trnh gia

cng trn cc my CNC.

S dng Pro/E Wildfire 5.0 c th xoay cc khi ba chiu quan st r hn hnh

dng ca chng cc gc khc nhau. Cng c th to cc chuyn ng quay, chuyn

ng tnh tin cho khi ba chiu, m phng qu trnh lp rp cc chi tit my vi nhau,

m phng qu trnh hot ng ca my.S dng Pro/E Wildfire 5.0 cho php chng ta t ng nhn c hnh chiu

ng, hnh chiu bng, hnh chiu cnh, cc hnh ct ca vt th khi c hnh khi ba

chiu.

T cc bn v ca vt th c xy dng trong phn mm Pro/E Wildfire 5.0,

sau khi lm th tc chn my, dao, ch gia cng, chng ta c th t ng nhn c

chng trnh iu khin qu trnh gia cng trn my CNC.

Phn mm Pro/E Wildfire 5.0 cng cho php chy m phng qu trnh gia cng

trn my CNC. Quan st trn mn hnh my tnh, chng ta c th kim tra ton b qu

trnh gia cng, sa cha cc li trongchng trnh, trnh c tt c cc sai st trc khi

tin hnh gia cng thc trn my CNC.

Pro/E l phn mm ca hngParametric Technology Corporation. Mt phn

mm thit k theo tham s, c nhiu tnh nng rt mnh trong lnh vc CAD/CAM/CAE,

n mang lai cho chng ta cc kh nng nh:

- M hnh ha trc tip vt th rn

- To cc mdun bng cc khi nim v phn t thit k.

- Thit k thng s.

- S dng c s d liu thng nht.

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- C kh nng m phng ng hc, ng lc hc kt cu c khPhn mm

Pro/Engineer c cc modun sau:

Pro/ASSEMBLY: to iu kin thit lp d dng chi tit vo h thng v di

h thng. N h tr cho phn lp rp v lp rp nhm, gii quyt tnh hungxung t, thit k thay i

Pro/DETAIL: mdun to trc tip m hnh 3D ca cc bn v thit k chun

cho phn xng v ch to trong m bo lin kt 2 pha gia cc bn v v

modun 3D.

Pro/SHEETMETAL: mdun h tr thit k nhng chi tit c dng tm, v,

v h tr cho vic to lp cc chi tit pht trin k c chun b cho chng

trnh NC cho sn xut. Pro/SURFACE: modun h tr v, to cc mt t do( Free Form), x l cc

mt cong v b mt phc tp.

Pro/MANUFACTURING: bao gm d liu NC, m phng, format d liu

CL, th vin cc phn t.

Pro/MESH: h tr ti to mnng li cho vic phn tch phn t hu hn

(FEA), xc nh iu kin bin, gn lin vi ANSYS, PATRAN, NASTRAN,

ABAQUS, SUPERTAB v COSMOS/M. Pro/MECHANICA: M phng ng hc, kim nghim ng sut, chuyn v,

bin dng tuyn tnh v phi tuyn, xc nh v d on kh nng ph hy vt

liu

Pro/INTERFACE: to iu kin gn vi cc h CAD khc nh: iges, dxf,

vdafs, render, SLA

Pro/PROJECT: xc nh iu khin d n thi k v t hp mt s i

thit k v lp d n.

Pro/FEATURE: M rng kh nng thit lp nhng phn t thit k bng th

vin ca cc b phn, nhm, ti to cc hnh dng chun v di nhm.

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Pro/DESIGN: H tr thnh lp m hnh 3D, s khi, xy dng k hoch

thit k v mi quan h ph thuc, gip cho s phn tch nhanh v hiu qu v

sp xp phng n.

Pro/LIBRARY: Modun cha th vin rng ln ca cc phn t trn chun (

chi tit, phn t thit k tiu chun, dng c, khp ni), c th b sung hoc

hiu chnh.

Pro/VIEW: Mdun to iu kin kim tra m hnh ha chi tit v h thng t

mt hng quan st bt k, phng n, o nh. S dng c ci nhn nhanh

tng th t c kt qu hoc mc ch phng nga.

Pro/DRAFT: Mdun h tr biu din 2D, to iu khin c bn v ca cc

h CAD khc v b sung mdun 3D v thit k thng s. Pro/NLO: Mdun h tr cho cng vic trong mng cc b, ha hp vi cc

mdun khc ca h.

Pro/MOLD: Module thit k khun

Pro/DEVELOP (Pro/PROGRAM): mdun h tr vic lp trnh ng dng

ring. Cha cc th vin ca hm s C, th vin chng trnh con c ngn

ng lp trnh FORTRAN v c bit tip cn c vi cu trc thit lp cc h

thng v cu trc d liu ca h thng. Ngoi ra, Pro/E cn c Pro/CASTING,

Pro/LEGACY, Pro/TOOLKIT, Pro/PiP.

Vi nhng tnh nng gii thiu trn cho thy: Pro/Engineer l mt phn

mm CAD/CAM/CAE rt mnh, c kh nng m hnh ha cc chi tit phc tp nh cc

loi my xc, my o t, t, cc bin dng v tu thy kh nng lp rp ln v rt

ti utrong thit k.

Mt s phin bn hay dng ca Pro/E l: Pro/E 2000i, Pro/E 2.0, Pro/E 3.0, Pro/E

4.0, Pro/E 5.0, Pro/E 6.0, v phin bn Creo1.0 ca hng Parametric Technology

Corporation ra i.

Trong qu trnh lm n mn hc ny, em ch s dng 2 phn mm trn. Ngoi

ra trong thc t cn nhiu phn mm khc c s dng thit k,m phng cc qu

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trnh gia cng nh Solid work, Catia, Mastercam Mi phn mm c mt u im

ring nhng c mt mc ch chung l h tr cho qu trnh CAD/CAM/CNC

II.2. Thit k chi tit bng phn mm Pro/Engineer Wildfire :

Khi ng chng trnh Pro/Engineer

Chn th mc lm vic:

File/Set working directory Chn tn thu mc hoc to th mc lm vic mi

OK

File/New Chn modul Part to chi tit gia cng:

Hnh 2.1 Sdng lnh Extrude Placement TOP v bin dng ngoi ca chi tit:

Hnh 2.2

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Nhp chiu cao khi n l 42

S dng lnh Extrude v mt phng RIGHT lm chun v 5 l:

Hnh 2.3

Hnh 2.4

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S dng lnh Extrude v mt phng RIGHT v 2 l:

Hnh 2.5

S dng lnh Extrude v mt phng RIGHT v 2 l:

Hnh 2.6

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Hnh 2.7 S dng lnh Extrude v chn mt phng chi tit song song vi FRONT v

khi tr:

Hnh 2.8

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To mt phng DATUMsong song v cch mt phng RIGHTmt khong 26:

Hnh 2.9

V bin dng ren Insert/Helical sweep/Cut:

Hnh 2.10

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Chn mt phng va to bc trn lm mt chun. Chn cc chun kch thc l

2 bin ngoi ca khi trv ng tm ca n.

Hnh 2.11V ng thng ct ren xuyn theo ng chun v trc i xng kt thc

lnh nhp bc ren:2

Hnh 2.12

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V v hiu chnh dao nh hnh 2.12

Hnh 2.13Kt thc lnh ta c bin dng ren mt bn, lp li vi bn cn li ta c c l

ren M20x2.

Hnh 2.14

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Hnh 2.15

Bo trn cc cnh R5 bng lnh Round , ta c thn bm cn thit

k:

Hnh 2.16

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CHNG III: THIT K QUY TRNH CNG NGH CH TO CHI TIT

III.1. Phn tch cc c im v yu cu k thut b mt gia cng:

y l chi tit dng hp v dng sn xut n chic nn gim gi thnh sn

phm v tm kim phi ban u n gin ta nn chn phi thp cc kch thc nhsau:

Cc b mt gia cng cn phi m bo cc yu cu k thut theo yu cu gip cho

chi tit sau khi c gia cng c th hot ng ng vi mong mun thit k. Phn tch

cc b mt cn c gia cng, ta c th a ra mt s yu cu cn t nh sau:

186

52

146

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- khng vung gc gia hai tm l 20 vi mt A l 0.01mm

- khng vung gc gia b mt l 62 vi mt A l 0.016mm

- khng vung gc gia b mt lp B vi mt A l 0.016mm

- Dung sai kch thc hai tm l 62 l 0.03mm

- nhm cn t c 2 l 20 l 1.25

-

B mt lp ghp B nhm n 2.5- B mt bin dng ngoi ch cn t n nhm 2.5

III.2. La chn my v thng s k thut ca my:

III.2.1. La chn my:

c th p ng gia cng c tt c cc nguyn cng theo phng php tptrung nguyn cng, ta c th chn my gia cng l : EMCO CONCEPT MILL- 450

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Hnh 3.1-My phay cnc la chn

III.2.2. Cc thng s k thut ca my la chn:

Khng gian lm vic ca my

Gii hn khng gian lm vic theo phng X [mm] 600

Gii hn khng gian lm vic theo phng Y [mm] 500

Gii hn khng gian lm vic theo phng Z [mm] 500

Khong lm vic hiu qu theo phng Z [mm] 250

Bn my v dao

Kch thc bn my [mm] 700520

Thi gian thay dao s 8.2

ng knh dao ln nht [mm] 80

Chiu di ln nht ca dao [mm] 250

Thng s khc

Cng sut my kW 13

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R18

R70

R5

R44

140

180

47

5

w

R18

Tc quay trc chnh [v/ph] 50 10000

Ngun cung cp [V,Hz] 450V,50/60Hz

Tng trng lng my [Kg] 4000

S trc 3Cc h iu khin dng trong my Fanuc/Siemens/

Heidenhain/ Fagor

III.3. Th t cc cc bc cng ngh:

G ln 1:

- Bc 1: Phay th mt chun A

- Bc 2: Phay tinh mt chun A- Bc 3: Phay bin dng ngoi

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G ln 2:

- Bc 4: Phay th mt phng B

- Bc 5: Phay tinh mt phng B

- Bc 6: Khoan 5 l16

- Bc 7: Khoan 2 l8

- Bc 8: Phay ph 2 l 62

- Bc 9: Phay tinh 2 l 62

1040.2

7

520.1

95

360.195

520.0

15

520.03

2 l?8+0.015

5 l?16+0.27

2 l?620.025

2 l?20+0.021

660.23

42+0.0

39

24

+0.0

33

880.027

B B

A

B

w

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- Bc 10: Khoan 2 l 20

- Bc 11: Doa2 l 20

G ln 3:

- Bc 12: Khoan l 17,2- Bc 13: Taro ren M20x2

G ln 4:

- Bc 14: Khoan l 17,2 cn li

- Bc 15: Taro ren M20x2 cn li

300.0

16

A

M20x2

260.016

B

B

w

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III.4. La chn dao v cc thng s cng ngh cho tng bc:

Bc 1: Phay th mt chun A

Bc 2: Phay tinh mt chun A

Phay mt A chn dao ASX445-050A03R ca hng MITSUBISHI c thng s kthut c cho bng sau :

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Da vo bng trn ta chn li dao F7030 v vt liu lm khun ta chn l thp

C45 c cng 190HB

- Cc thng s cng ngh:

Lng n dao ngang:ae = 0.25D1 = 0,25.50= 12.5mm

Lng d gia cng:

Zn= 2 mm

Vn tc ct:

Vc = 300 m/pht

Vn tc trc chnh:

n = 1.

1000.

D

Vc

(vg/pht)

n =50.

1000.300

= 1910vng/pht

Lng chy dao rng:

fz = 0.2 mm/rng

Vn tc chy dao:

Vf= fz . n . Z(mm/pht)

Vf = 0,2.1910.3 = 1146 mm/pht

Bc 3: Phay bin dng ngoi

Chn dao VC4MCD1000 ca hng Mitsubishi c cc thng s nh sau:

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Ch ct nh sau:

Tc trc chnh : n=6400 |(vg/ph)

Vn tc chy dao: Vf= 1400 (mm/ph)

Chiu su ct: t=5 (mm) Bc 4: Phay th mt phng B

Bc 5: Phay tinh mt phng B

+Lng n dao ngang:

Phay th ae = 0.7D1 = 0,75.50= 35 mm

Phay tinh ae = 0.5D1 = 0,5.50= 25 mm

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+Lng d gia cng:

Phay th Zn= 6mm

Phay tinh Zn=1 mm

+ Vn tc ct:

Phay th Vc = 250 m/pht

Phay tinh Vc = 300 m/pht

+ Vn tc trc chnh:

n =1

.

1000.

D

Vc

(vg/pht)

Phay th: n =50.

1000.250

= 1590 vng/pht

Phay tinh: n = 50.1000.300

= 1910 vng/pht+Lng chy dao rng:

Phay th: fz = 0.4 mm/rng

Phay tinh: fz = 0.2 mm/rng

+ Vn tc chy dao:

Vf= fz . n . Z(mm/pht)

Phay th: Vf= 0,4.1590.3 = 1908 mm/pht

Phay tinh: Vf = 0,2.1910.3 = 1146 mm/pht

Bc 6: Khoan 5 l16

Chn dao MWE 16000SA ca hng Mitsubishi

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Ch ct nh sau:

Vntc ct : Vc=90 (m/ph)

Tc trc chnh : n =1

.

1000.

D

Vc

= 179016.

1000.90

(vg/pht)

Lng chy dao : F=0,35(mm/vg)

Bc 7: Khoan 2 l 8Chn dao MWE0800SA

Ch ct:Vn tc ct : Vc=90 (m/ph)

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Tc trc chnh : n =1

.

1000.

D

Vc

= 179016.

1000.90

(vg/pht)


Bc 8: Phay ph 2 l 62

Bc 9: Phay tinh 2 l 62Chn dao VC4MCD1600 c cc thng s sau:

Ch ct khi phay ph nh sau:Tc trc chnh : n=2400 |(vg/ph)

Vn tc chy dao: Vf= 550 (mm/ph)

Chiu su ct: t=2 (mm) Ch ct khi phay tinh nh sau:

Tc trc chnh: n= 3200 (vg/ph)

Vn tc chy dao: Vf=200 (mm/ph)

Chiu su ct t= 0.2 (mm)

Bc 10: Khoan 2 l 20

Chn mi khoan MWE1950SA ca hng Mitshubishi

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Ch c ct:

Vn tc ct : Vc=90 (m/ph)

Tc trc chnh : n =1

.

1000.

D

Vc

= 15005,19.

1000.90

(vg/pht)


Bc 11: Doa 2 l 20

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Ch ct :

Chn dao doa tinh c ng knh 20

Ch ct: Tc ct S=150m/pht

Lng chy dao F= 0.1 mm/vng Bc 12 : Khoan l 17,2

Chn dao MWE1720SA

Ch ct:Vn tc ct : Vc=90 (m/ph)

Tc trc chnh : n =1

.

1000.

D

Vc

= 15005,19.

1000.90

(vg/pht)


Bc 13 : Taro ren M20x2

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Ch ct:Tc trc chnh : n=300vg/phLng tin dao :150( mm/ph)

Bc 14 tng t bc 12 Bc 15 tng t bc 13

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