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Unit 1 Wrap-up, p. 12Lesson C

Zero ConditionalUnit 1 Zero Conditional Review (Week 4)

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Unit 2 Personal Stories (Week 4)

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-many kinds ofpersonal stories

-many kinds ofspeaking styles

-Sentence adverbs are adverbs that describe the idea of the entire sentence.-Adverbs usually add ly to an adjective. (Review lists on p. 152)Page 14

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Lesson A: Language in Context, p.14

Lights out!

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PositiveNegativeQuestionI / you /he / she / itwe / theyI spoke.

I learned.I did not speak. (didnt)I did not learn. (didnt) Did I speak?

Did I learn?

Simple Past Forms/StructuresFor irregular verbs, use the past form (see list of irregular verbs, p.151). For regular verbs, just add ed.

Simple Past Uses

1. Completed action in the pastExample: He finished his work an hour ago.

2. Completed actions in the past that took place one after the other Example: He came in, took off his coat and sat down.

3. Action in the past that interrupts another action in progressExample: When I was having breakfast, the phone suddenly rang.

PositiveNegativeQuestionI / he / she / itwas + verb -ingI was speaking.I was not speaking. (wasnt)Was I speaking?you / we / theywere + verb -ingYou were listening.You were not listening. (werent)Were you listening?

Past Continuous Forms/Structures

Past Continuous Uses

1. Describes an action in progress in the past Example: He was playing football.

2. Two actions happening at the same time in the past Example: While she was preparing dinner, he was washing the dishes.

3. Action going on at a certain time in the past Example: When I was having breakfast, the phone suddenly rang.

Simple PastPast Continuousirregular verbs: see list of irregular verbs on p.151I spoke

regular verbs: verb + edI workedpast form of 'be' + ing form of verb(was/were)+ verb ing

I was speakingyou were speakinghe / she / it was speakingwe were speakingthey were speaking

Verb Forms/StructuresSimple Past vs. Past Continuous

Simple Past Exceptions Past ContinuousExceptions when adding 'ed' :

when the final letter is e, only add d. Example: love loved

after a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled Example: admit admitted

final l is always doubled in British English (not in American English) Example: travel travelled

after a consonant, final y becomes i. (but: not after a vowel) Example: worry - he worriedbut: play - he playedExceptions when adding 'ing' : silent e is dropped (but: does not apply for -ee) Example: come - comingbut: agree agreeing

after a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled Example: sit sitting

final l is always doubled in British English (not in American English) Example: travel travelling

final ie becomes y. Example: lie - lying

Certain VerbsThe following verbs are usually only used in Simple Past (NOT in the continuous form).

state: be, cost, fit, mean, suitExample: We were on holiday.

possession: belong, haveExample: Sam had a cat.

senses: feel, hear, see, smell, taste, touchExample: He felt the cold.

feelings: hate, hope, like, love, prefer, regret, want, wishExample: Jane loved pizza.

brain work: believe, know, think, understandExample: I did not understand him.

introductory clauses for direct speech: answer, ask, reply, sayExample: I am watching TV, he replied.

Use the simple past or past progressive tense.

1. I dropped a cup while I ________________ (wash) the dishes.2. Jon and Bill were washing the car when they _________________ (see) their friend Alex.3. Tony came to see me while I __________________ (do) my homework.4. The children __________________ (play) when their father came home.5. When Inga was driving, she _____________________ (notice) an animal in the road.6. Annie _________________ (call) when Kerry was studying.7. They were waiting for the bus when the accident ___________________ (happen).8. Caroline ____________________ (ski) when she ________________ (break) her leg.

was washingsawwas doingwere playingnoticedcalledhappenedwas skiingbroke

Grammar Exercise, p. 15

Past Continuous vs. Simple Past

Page 15

beganwas usingwas writing wentDidloseneededdidbreakwas skiingDidcalled

hurtwas waitingbrought

What was happening? P. 125

Work alone or with a partner!

Read the questions and describe what was happening when it started to rain.

Then write full sentences describing what was happening when it started to rain.

Guess what!

Guess what! Hey, I need to get going.

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