What to learn?

1. Read the text and get some information of the three persons.

2. Learn the principles of the three persons.

3. Learn to describe a person.

4. Express your opinions about their principles.

己所不欲，勿施于人。

1.Students should often go over what they have learnt.

2. Treat others in the way you want to be treated.

学而时习之，不亦乐乎。

Confucius

Confucius Institute(Confucius Institute( 孔子学孔子学院院 ))

American philosopher American philosopher EmersonEmerson said said "Confucius is an honor of the world“."Confucius is an honor of the world“.

ConfuciusMencius Mozi

influentiainfluential manl man

Fast Reading

What’s the passage mainly about ?What’s the passage mainly about ?

A. teachings of ancient Chinese thinkersA. teachings of ancient Chinese thinkersB. three great philosophers of ancientB. three great philosophers of ancient ChinaChinaC. interesting stories about the threeC. interesting stories about the three philosophersphilosophersD. the history of ancient ChineseD. the history of ancient Chinese philosophyphilosophy

Tip : Read the first and the last sentence of

each paragraph to get the main idea.

Fast -readingFast -reading

Para. 1

Introduction about Introduction about ConfuciusConfucius

His ideas influenced Chinese His ideas influenced Chinese society for more than 2000years.society for more than 2000years.his influencehis influence

What did he stress?What did he stress?He He stressed the importance ofstressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society.kindness, duty and order in society.

Philosopher Philosopher status(status( 身份身份 ))

Careful-reading (Task 1)Careful-reading (Task 1)

他强调了仁爱，责任他强调了仁爱，责任和社会秩序的重要性和社会秩序的重要性。

Name status

Background

( 背景 )

Achievements ( 成就 )

Mencius

Mozi

thinkerthinker & & adviseradviser

teacherteacher

He was brought He was brought up by his motherup by his mother..

His family was His family was very poor.very poor.

The Book of MenciusThe Book of Mencius

the founder of Mohismthe founder of Mohism

Para2&3Careful-reading (Task 2)Careful-reading (Task 2)His mother moved her house His mother moved her house three times in order to get her sonthree times in order to get her son a better learning environment. a better learning environment.

（墨家学说的创立者）（墨家学说的创立者）

Confucius

Mencius Mozi

Careful-reading (Task 3)Careful-reading (Task 3)

Confucius

Mencius Mozi

Kindness,duty and order in society .

1.Government was most important. 2.All men were equal. 3.Love all human beings.4.People should avoid wars.

1.Man is good.2.Government is important.3.People are more important than rulers.

（民贵君轻）（兼爱，非攻）

Retell the three philosophers’ stories in the fiRetell the three philosophers’ stories in the first person(rst person( 第一人称第一人称 ).).

Hello, boys and girls.Hello, boys and girls. I’m Confucius. I’m comiI’m Confucius. I’m coming back. I’ll tell you sth about my past story ng back. I’ll tell you sth about my past story here. I was born in a time when states were ohere. I was born in a time when states were often at war with each other. So I believe kindnften at war with each other. So I believe kindness, duty and order in society are very importess, duty and order in society are very important. Most of my time I travel from state to statant. Most of my time I travel from state to state teaching my principles. e teaching my principles.

SummarySummary

Kindness,duty and order in society .

1.Government was most important. 2.All men were equal. 3.Love all human beings.4.people should avoid wars.

ConfuciusConfucius

Mencius Mencius MoziMozi

1.Man is good.2.Government is important.

3.People are more important than rulers.

DiscussionDiscussion::

What can we do to put the teWhat can we do to put the teaching about ‘kindness’ in aching about ‘kindness’ in practice in our daily life?practice in our daily life?

PresentationPresentationA: What do you think of Confucius/ Mencius/ Mozi’s teachings?B: I agree with most of them. Especially the teaching about kindness.A: What do you make of ‘kindness’?B: I think in daily life……

How to love parents, classmates How to love parents, classmates

and teachers, etc? and teachers, etc?

How to treat the weaker people How to treat the weaker people

(the old, the disabled, the poor (the old, the disabled, the poor

etc)?etc)?

How to prevent wars?How to prevent wars?

……

Clues(Clues( 提示提示 ):):

1. Divide our class into several groups, and 1. Divide our class into several groups, and each group chooses a leader.each group chooses a leader.

HomeworkHomework

4. Present your information to 4. Present your information to the whole class.the whole class.

3. The leader organizes the information.3. The leader organizes the information.

2. Every group member searches for informati2. Every group member searches for information about Laozi.on about Laozi.

Write a similar passage about LaoziWrite a similar passage about Laozi..

What to learn?

1. Read the text and get some information of the three persons.

2. Learn the principles of the three persons.

3. Learn to describe a person.

4. Express your opinions about their principles.

Thanks for listening

Para1:1. 同…… 处于战争状态 2. 是一段…… . 的时间 3. 强调 …… .. 的重要性 4. 被……影响Para2:1. 与……相似 2. 抚养 培育 3. 听从某人建议 4. 周游列国 5. 统治者的军师 . 谋士Para3:1. 出生于 2. 因为 以……… 而闻名 3. 在某些方面 某种程度上 4. 结果 5. 照顾 照料

at war withit is/was a time whenstress the importance ofbe influenced bybe similar tobring up

travel from state to statean adviser to the ruler

take/follow one’s advice

be born inbe famous forin some waysas a resultlook after

1.Translation Ancient China was a place where states

were often at war with each other. But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.

2. ReplacementMencius followed Confucius’s principles and became an officer in a state.

Careful-reading (Task 4)Careful-reading (Task 4)

Task 4:Task 4:

1.1. Ancient China was a place Ancient China was a place where where states were often at war with each states were often at war with each other.other. But it was also a time But it was also a time when when there were many great philosophersthere were many great philosophers. .

古代中国各诸侯国之间经常发生战争。但那也古代中国各诸侯国之间经常发生战争。但那也是一个产生了许多伟大哲学家的时期。是一个产生了许多伟大哲学家的时期。

at whichat which

in whichin which

He became a student of Confucius’s He became a student of Confucius’s ideas, and was then given an ideas, and was then given an important position in the government important position in the government of a state.of a state.

2. Replacement :2. Replacement :

Mencius followed Confucius’s principles Mencius followed Confucius’s principles and became an officer in a state. and became an officer in a state.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________他学习了孔子的学说，后来在他学习了孔子的学说，后来在

一个诸侯国的政府内任要职。一个诸侯国的政府内任要职。

which of the three philosophers or which of the three philosophers or

which of their teachings do you agree which of their teachings do you agree

most? Why?most? Why?

Excellent

Good

Satisfactory

Needs improvement

Self-assessment

☆

☆

☆

☆

☆ ☆

Thanks for listening

Read the passage again ,then fill in the chart with proper information according to the passage.

Name job Born date

Teachings

Confucius

Mencius

Mozi

Philos-opher

thinker adviser

teacher

551BC-479BC

372BC-289BC

476BC-390BC

Kindness,duty and order in society .

1.Man is good.2.People were more important than rulers.

1.Government was most important. 2.All men were equal. 3.Love all human beings.

According to Mencius

1. What’s the difference between man and animals?

2. Which is more important, people or

ruler?

3. Why did Mencius resign?

Man is good.

People

Because the government didn’t follow his advice.

retellretell

retellretell

1. What was Mozi famous for?

2. Why were Mozi’s beliefs similar to those of Confucius?

3. What did he spent many years doing?

Unusual clothes and behaviour.

He considered that government was most important.

To find a state where people would follow his teachings.

equal important look after philosopher philosophy

ruler state teachings thinker treat war

In ancient China, private teachers traveled from state to s_______ explaining their p________ Confucius was the most important of the ancient Chinese p________ Confucius’s t_________ influenced society for more than 2000 years. Other important t_______ included Mencius and Mozi. All three teachers believed in the i_________ of kindness and good government. Mencius’s ideas were very similar to those of Confucius, but some of Mozi’s t_________ were very different. For example, he hated the idea of w_____ and believed that strong people should l_________ weaker people.

tate hilosophyhilosophers

eachinghinkers

mportance

eachingsar

ook after

7. From the text we can infer that ___.A. great people are born in poor

familiesB. different teachings lead to warC. it takes time before a belief is

accepted by othersD. Mencius was a student of

Confucius’s

To know more about Co

nfucius, Mencius and M

ozi, let’s come to the pas

sage Philosophers of Anc

ient China!

Para. 2 Introduction about _______

born in ___ BC and brought up by ___ ______

at an important _______ in the __________ first and later _______

The Book of _______

Man was ____.

______ were more important than _____.

Mencius

372his mother

positiongovernment

Mencius

kindPeople

rulers

resigned

Para. 3 Introduction about _____

______ --- 390 BC

___________ was most important.

All men are _____.

Love all ______ _____ and look after the weak.

hate the idea of ____

Mozi

476BC

Government

equal

human beings

war

MenciusMencius was a ______ whose teachings were very ________ those of Confucius. He held an important _______ in the government of a state, but he _______ later to travel from state to state to teach the ________ of Confucius, because the ruler didn’t _____ his ______.

thinker

similar toposition

resigned

principles

follow

advice

8.Strong people should look after weaker people.

9.People should avoid wars.

10.Students should often go over what they have learnt.

Mozi

Confucius

Mozi

6.We should love all human beings.

7.The order in society is important.Mozi

Confucius

兼爱

社会秩序（三纲五常）

力强当养力弱

非攻

学而时习之，不亦说乎。

MoziMozi founded the _______. Born in a poor family, he became famous for his unusual clothes and ________. Though his beliefs were ______ to those of Confucius, his idea of love was ____________ Confucian idea of kindness. He taught that we should love all ____________, and look after those who are weaker than ourselves. He believed that all men were _____, and he was against the idea of ____.

Mohism

behavioursimilar

different from

human beings

equalwar

Consolidation

孔府ConfuciusMansion

孔林ConfuciusCemetery

孔庙ConfuciusTemple

孔府ConfuciusMansion

孔林ConfuciusCemetery

孔庙ConfuciusTemple

In ancient China, states were often________ with each other. But there were many great____________, of whom Confucius was the most___________ who ______________________of kindness, duty and order.

Mencius’s ideas were very_____________ those of Confucius’s. He held an important _______ in the government of a state, but he _______ later ,because the ruler didn’t ______________. He believed man is _____ and ________were more important than______.

However, some of Mozi’s _________ were very different. For example, he hated the idea of _____ and believed that strong people should _________ weaker people.

philosophers

teachingswar

look after

SummarySummaryat war

influentialstressed the importance

similar toposition

resignedfollow his advice good

people rulers

Discussion Which of the three philosophers or the

teachings do you like best? Why?

I like…because…

I think…

1.Confucius stressed the importance of the following aspects except _______.

A.kindness B. friendship C. order D. duty

2. “If the government was kind, then people would be good.” is the teaching of _________.

A.Mencius B.Confucius C. Mozi D. Xunzi

3. Which shows the right order of time when the three great thinkers lived?

A. Confucius--- Mencius ---Mozi

B. Mencius----Mozi----Confucius

C. Confucius---Mozi---Mencius

D.Mozi--- Mencius---Confucius

2. According to Mencius, why is man different from animals?

Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.

Please tell whose ideas the statements are:

1.Man is born good.

2.All human beings are equal.

3.The family is important. We are members of a group.

4.Treat others in the way you want to be

treated.

5.People are more important than rulers.

Mencius

Mozi

Confucius

Confucius

Mencius

人性本善

人无长幼贵贱（众生平等）

家国天下，修齐治平（治国必先齐家 ）

己所不欲，勿施于人。

民为贵，君为轻。（民贵君轻）

Choose one person who you like most, why?Whose ideas do you agree with most, why?

Choose one philosopher you like most and tell some ideas of him to your partners.

Choose one philosopher you like most and tell some ideas of him to your partners.

Write a short passage to introduce an ancient person who is well-known.

Tell us something about his or her deeds,main ideas and achievements.

HOMEWORKHOMEWORK

Write a similar passage about Laozi.

Kindness,duty and order in society .

1.Man is good.2.People were more important than rulers.

1.Government was most important. 2.All men were equal. 3.Love all human beings.4.people should avoid wars.

Confucius

Mencius Mozi

Kindness,duty and order in society .

1.Government was most important. 2.All men were equal. 3.Love all human beings.4.People should avoid wars.

1.Man is good.2.People were more important than rulers.

3. Which is NOT the right statement about Mozi?

A. He was known for his unusual clothes and behavior.

B. He hated the idea of war.

C. All his beliefs were the same as Confucius.

D. He believed all men were equal.

4. “If the government was kind, then people would be good.” is the teaching of _________.

A. Mencius B. Confucius

C. Mozi D. Xunzi

5. Which belief by Mozi was similar to that of Confucius?

A. We should love all human beings.

B. The government shouldn’t treat people badly.

C. We should look after those who are weaker than ourselves.

D. The government was most important.

孟子 ( 前 372— 前 289) 名轲，战国中期鲁国邹人。受业于子思 ( 孔子之孙，名 )之门人，曾游历于宋、滕、魏、齐等国，阐述他的政治主张，还曾在齐为卿。晚年退而著书，传世有《孟子》七篇。他是战国中期儒家的代表。

Mencius

Mencius(372BC-289BC)

People are more important than rulers.

Man is born good.

民为贵 君为轻

人性本善

Mozi

墨翟（公元前 468—376 ），人们尊称墨子。他是战国初年的鲁国人，大约生于公元前468 年，死于公元前 376 年。

Mozi(376BC-390BC)

All human beings are equal.

We should love all human beings.

众生平等

兼爱