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Проучване нивото на финансова грамотност

и нуждата от финансово обучение

Марио КаменовДиректор на Център за

продължаващо и професионално обучение към

Висше училище по застраховане и финанси

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

FINAncial LIteracy STimulation

FINALIST

БългарияГърцияГерманияКипърФранция

www.finalist-project.eu

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Предварително проучване на инициативите в България насочени към повишаване на финансовата грамотност

РЕЗУЛТАТИ ОТ ПРОУЧВАНЕТОФормиране на извадкатаМетоди на изследванетоИкономическа грамотностФинансова грамотностВъпроси зададени само на българските потребители

Изводи

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Предварително проучване на инициативите в България насочени

към повишаване на финансовата грамотност

• Никаква специална програма или план, целящи да заздравят финансовата грамотност на населението не е предвидена в България

• Основният фактор за предоставяне на обучение и повишаване на осведомеността по финансовите въпроси, е Комисията за финансов надзор

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

РЕЗУЛТАТИ ОТ ПРОУЧВАНЕТО

Формиране на извадката – Процес на формиране и персонална характеристика на участниците в извадката

Age

Sample Eurostat

UP TO 24 8.03% 16%

25 - 34 21.40% 18%

35 - 49 29.77% 25%

50 - 64 32.78% 24%

65 + 8.03% 17%

Gender

Sample Eurostat

Male 40.47% 48%

Female 59.53% 52%

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

ResponsPercent

ResponsTotal

Employed in the public sector 33.78% 101

Employed in the private sector 36.45% 109

Self-employed 3.34% 10

Currently unemployed 8.03% 24

Retired from public sector 14.05% 42

Retired from private sector 1.67% 5

Other 2.34% 7

No reply 0.33% 1

EmploymentResponsPercent

ResponsTotal

Primary education 3.68% 11

Secondary education

46.49% 139

Higher education 49.16% 147

No reply 0.67% 2

Еducation

ResponsePercent

ResponsTotal

Married, no children 7.02% 21

Married with children 64.21% 192

Single parent 7.02% 21

Single 16.05% 48

Other 5.69% 17

Personal status

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Методи на изследването

Под формата на интервю Попълване на въпросник състоящ се от две части – “Икономическа грамотност” и “Финансова грамотност” с общо 30 въпроса

Проблем с малкото или никакво разбиране на целите на проучването от страна на потребителите !!!

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Резултати от проучването – Икономическа грамотност

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

In your country, who determines what goods and services should be produced?

ResponsePercent

ResponseTotal

Producers and government 41.14% 123

Consumers and government 5.02% 15

Producers, consumers and government 45.15% 135

Dont know 8.36% 25

No reply 0.33% 1

0 10 20 30 40 50

Correct

Incorrect

Don't know

Consumers’ role in determining production of goods and services

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Purchasing decisions

When deciding which of two items to purchase, one should always:

ResponsePercent

ResponseTotal

Choose the item that costs less 14.72% 44

Choose an item after comparing the costs and benefits of both items

41.47% 124

Choose the item with the greatest benefits 43.14% 129

Dont know 0.33% 1

No reply 0.33% 1

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Correct

Incorrect

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

If the price of beef doubled and the price of poultry stayed the same, people would most likely buy:

ResponsePercent

ResponseTotal

More poultry and less beef 81.61% 244

Less poultry and more beef 2.68% 8

The same amount of poultry and beef

8.36% 25

Dont know 5.69% 17

No reply 1.67% 5

0 20 40 60 80 100

Correct

Incorrect

Don't know

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

If your country stopped importing electric appliances from abroad, who would be most likely to benefit?

ResponsePercent

ResponseTotal

Appliances manufacturers in other countries 5.69% 17

Appliances manufacturers in your country 78.93% 236

Consumers in your country 7.36% 22

Dont know 7.02% 21

No reply 1.00% 3

0 20 40 60 80 100

Correct

Incorrect

Don't know

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Money and inflation

Which of the following statements about the functions of money is correct?

ResponsePercent

ResponseTotal

Money holds its value well in times of inflation 0.33% 1

Money makes it more difficult to save 23.08% 69

Money makes buying and selling goods and services easier

67.22% 201

Dont know 8.03% 24

No reply 1.34% 4

0 20 40 60 80

Correct

Incorrect

Don't know

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

The cost of borrowing money is measured by the:

ResponsePercent

ResponseTotal

Annual percentage rate of interest 61.87% 185

Amount of downpayment 16.05% 48

Monthly payment 8.70% 26

Dont know 12.04% 36

No reply 1.34% 4

0 20 40 60 80

Correct

Incorrect

Don't know

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Which of the following types of investments has the greatest risk of losing value due to inflation?

ResponsePercent

Response Total

Buying stocks in the stock market 5.35% 16

Keeping your savings as cash hidden in a mattress

75.25% 225

Investing in money market mutual funds 5.69% 17

Dont know 11.71% 35

No reply 2.01% 6

0 20 40 60 80

Correct

Incorrect

Don't know

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Government finances and the stock market functions

When the government's expenditures for a year are greater than its revenue for that year, the difference is known as:

ResponsePercent

ResponsTotal

A budget surplus 2.01% 6

The national debt 6.02% 18

A budget deficit 81.94% 245

Dont know 8.36% 25

No reply 1.67% 5

0 20 40 60 80 100

Correct

Incorrect

Don't know

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

The stock market is an example of an institution that exists to help people achieve their goals. The existence of the stock market:

ResponsePercent

ResponseTotal

Brings people who want to buy stocks together with those who want to sell stocks

58.19% 174

Results in an increase in the price of stocks 9.36% 28

Helps predict stock earnings 15.72% 47

Dont know 15.38% 46

No reply 1.34% 4

0 20 40 60 80 100

Correct

Incorrect

Don't know

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Резултати от проучването – Финансова грамотност

Забележка:За следващите два въпроса резултатите са представени с индекс който отразява съотношението на хората който добре разбират посочените продукти и хората който не ги разбират или ги разбират малко. Съответно ако индексът е по-голям от 1 показва, че хората който разбират продуктите са повече и обратното.

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Information on financial products and services

For the financial products and/ or services that you use, please indicate how well you know about the fees and charges that apply.

Percentage of people who gave the answer “Not

Used”

Index of knowledge

Superannuation 56.52 % 0,71

Telephone banking 69.23 % 0,33

Shares 64.21 % 0,52

Internet banking 68.22 % 0,95

Term deposits 41.4 % 2,40

Non-mortgage loans 32.77 % 2,83

Bank accounts 30.1 % 3,04

ATMs 29.1 % 4,05

Mortgages 60.87 % 0,70

Credit cards 39.13 % 2,93

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

How well do you understand the financial records that you probably receive for particular financial product/ service?

Percentage of people who gave the answer “Not

Received””

Index of understandin

g

Superannuation 59.2 % 0,96

Insurance 43.48 % 2,11

Telephone banking 68.22 % 0,59

Shares 60.86 % 0,59

Internet banking 66.89 % 0,80

Term deposits 42.81 % 2,70

Non-mortgage loans 34.11 % 3,40

Bank accounts 31.77 % 2,85

ATMs 31.77 % 4,14

Mortgages 59.53 % 0,87

Credit cards 40.13 % 2,40

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

How much is your knowledge and understanding of financial products and the mechanisms of the economy and finance?

ResponsePercent

ResponseTotal

Can get along without any financial knowledge. 11.39% 58

Did not actively seek information on finance, because of the impression that finance was a complicated subject 19.26% 98

Do not know how to obtain accurate information on finance. 15.72% 80

Not enough accurate information easy to understand available on financial products. 25.74% 131

Even though I gather information, a lot of it is hard to understand. 26.52% 135

No reply 1.38% 7

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

What are your views about the information on financial products and or services provided by various organisations and companies?

ResponsePercent

Response Total

Useful enough to gain knowledge on financial products and the mechanisms of the economy and finance, by reading

pamphlets and searching into Web sites10.37% 31

The content of information is rather difficult and hard to follow 25.75% 77

Have got the impression that a lot of information is actually written in the interest of financial institutions

43.14% 129

Have not seen much information 19.40% 58

No reply 1.34% 4

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

What type of information would you like to have?

ResponsePercent

ResponseTotal

Deposits and savings 16.12% 99

Stocks 9.45% 58

Bonds (public and corporate) 5.05% 31

Pensions 14.17% 87

Insurance 11.40% 70

Tax, such as inheritance tax 11.56% 71

Loans and credit 21.50% 132

Want nothing in particular 10.42% 64

No reply 0.33% 2

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

What are at present your main sources of information and knowledge on finance?

ResponsePercent

ResponseTotal

Explanations by financial institutions counter staff and sales people

22.09% 144

Product brochures of financial institutions 13.65% 89

Books 1.84% 12

TV programmes, newspaper and magazine articles (excluding advertisements)

15.64% 102

Advertisements on TV, in newspapers and magazines

13.65% 89

Internet surfing 8.13% 53

Conversations with family members and/or friends 20.86% 136

Pamphlets and seminars of organisations that are not connected to any particular industry

2.76% 18

Lessons and/or lectures at schools 0.77% 5

No reply 0.61% 4

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Provisions for retirement

"I have worked out how much I will need to save for my retirement". Indicate whether you strongly agree, agree, disagree or strongly disagree with this statement.

ResponsePercent

ResponseTotal

Strongly agree 12.37% 37

Agree 21.74% 65

Disagree 36.12% 108

Strongly disagree 26.42% 79

No reply 3.34% 10

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

The consumer and the banks

Under which of the following circumstances would it be financially beneficial to you to borrow money to buy something now and repay it with future income?

ResponsePercent

ResponseTotal

When you really need a 2-week vacation; 11.04% 33

When some clothes you like go on sale; 11.71% 35

When the interest on the loan is greater than the interest you get on your savings;

27.76% 83

When you need to buy a car in order to get a much better paying job.

46.49% 139

Dont know 0.00% 0

No reply 3.01% 9

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Резултати от проучването –

въпроси зададени само на българските

потребители

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Когато избирате финансова институция, кое определя избора Ви на първо място?

ResponsePercent

ResponseTotal

Препоръка от познат 35.12% 105

Репутацията на институцията

43.81% 131

Местоположението 6.69% 20

Не правя разлика 9.36% 28

Без отговор 5.02% 15

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Когато избирате финансов продукт/услуга, кое определя избора Ви на първо място?

ResponsePercent

ResponsTotal

Лихвените равнища; 36.79% 110

Условията на ползване; 32.78% 98

Размера на таксите; 13.38% 40

Не зная. 11.71% 35

Без отговор 5.35% 16

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Изводи

Главни пропуски:пенсионното и социалното осигуряване начините за инвестиране влиянието на инфлацията Данъците

Потребителите в България не са съвсем уверени при набавянето на акуратна и навременна финансова информация, която би им била от полза.

Дори и клиенти на банкови услуги не разбират добре условията по продуктите, които ползват и съответно не знаят как да се възползват от тях, така че да извлекат максимална полза.

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Съществува и известна степен на недоверие към финансовите институции, въпреки че повечето анкетирани потребители се уповават на репутацията на институциите.

Потребителите се доверяват повече на информация предадена “от уста на уста”

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

Липсата на подходящи програми и политика към повишаване грамотността на възрастните в България, като и резултатите от проучването, налагат мнението, че обучение, имащо за цел да повиши финанансовата грамотност, е нужно за българските потребители, за да могат да бъдат активни потребители, които правят информиран и интелигентен избор, който да им гарантира сигурност за тях и техните семейства.

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

TRAINING MODULES

How do markets function

Consumers and the Banks

Consumers and the State

Social Insurance - Providing for our health and pension

MoneyCare - Take care of your money!

Household budgeting

Social Insurance in Bulgaria - Providing for our health and pension

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P E R A S P E R A A D A S T R A

At your disposal

MARIO KAMENOVDirector

Centre for continuing and vocational trainingVUZF University

Tel.: + 359 2 4015820Fax: +359 2 4015821

Mobile: + 359 888 415144E-mail: mkamenov@vuzf.bg