لغة انجليزية م4

االنجليزية اللغة قواعد ملخصالرابع بالمستوى يتعلق ما وكل

ت : :- الفراية حسان محمد Prepared by :- Mohammad Hassan Al Farrayah 0786501753إعداد

المقصود بالكالم المنقول هو اعادة كتابة الجملة مع اجراء تحويالت على مايلي :-

االشارة- )2( pronouns - الضمائر ) 1 وادوات الظروفAdverbs)

( Tenses- زمن الجملة ) 3

أو ( directوتقسم الجمل الى مباشر ) مباشر وغير ـــــــــــــــــ ( reportedمنقول )

منقوله الى تحويلها وعند مقلوبه فواصل بين تكون المباشرة والجملةالفواصل تحذف

مثال مباشرة ) ." direct ) Ali said , " I am a doctorجملة

منقولة ) .reported ) Ali said he was a doctorجملة

( Pronouns) الضمائر تحويل - 1

منقول الى مباشر من التحويل عند الضمائر على التالية التحويالت تجري

( directمباشر ) ( reportedمنقول ) He - SheI

Him - HerMeHis - Her My

TheyWeThemUsTheirOur

He - She - They You) (فاعلHim - Her - Them You) (به مفعول

His - Her - Their Your

بتحويلها ) نقوم فال المباشرة الجملة في كانت اذا التالية الضمائر ( he – she – it – theyأما

الضمائر تحويل على في ) أمثلة المذكور االسم على بناء يحول الضمير أن الحظالبداية (

2

2

المطلوبة المطلوبة التحويالت التحويالت

hceeps detropeR الكالم

المنقول


1- Ali said , " I am going to the castle ." 2- Salma said , " I watch TV " . Ali said he was going to the castle . Salma said she watched TV.

3 -Hisham said ," My uncle will visit me ." 4- Huda said , " My mother is busy ". Hisham said his uncle would visit him . Huda said her mother was busy.

5 -The boys said , " Our house is far ". The boys said their house was far.

6-Rami said ," you have lost your mobile , Muna" . Rami said she had lost her mobile

الضمير ) :- ) أن الحظ السادس المثال إلى ( ) youفي تحويله الضمير ( ) sheتم (yourو ( her إلى )

مؤنث المخاطب المخاطب ( youإذا Munaالن االسم حسب تحول

التالي We او I الى you تحول الجدول في كما

الجدول في ذكر ما على أمثله 1 -Do you like English ? " she asked me if I liked English.

2" -Are you playing tennis ? " she asked him if he was playing tennis .

اإلشارة ) وأدوات الظروف Adverbs andتحويلDemonstratives ) – 2

الى مباشر من التحويل عند االشارة وادوات الظروف على التالية التحويالت تجريمنقول

( directمباشر ) ( reportedمنقول ) thatThisthoseThese

That day todayThat nighttonight

Therehere

3

3


beforeagoThe following dayTomorrow

The day beforeyesterdayThe …?…afterThe week after

Next.…?… Next week

بعد كلمة أي تعني النقاطnext

The ….?.......beforeThe year before

Last.....?…Last year

then nowالفراية :- حسان محمد إعداد

الضمائر وايضا االشارة وادوات الظروف تحويل على امثلة 1 -They said," we will visit you tomorrow , Ahmad".

They said they would visit him the following day. 2 -Ahmad said," I am taking lunch now.

Ahmad said he was taking lunch then. 3 -Huda said ," I buy this lovely dress".

Huda said she bought that lovely dress .

والضمائر الظروف تحويل على تمرين 1 -The girl said , " My uncle drove the car yesterday".

The girl said ……… uncle had driven the car………………… 2- Hisham said ," I am going to study English next year ".

Hisham said ………..was going to study English ……………………… 3 -They said , " we cleaned the garden last month .

They said ……… had cleaned the garden..…………………… 4 -The boys said , " Our father is taking lunch now ".

They said ................... father was taking lunch................... 5 -Ann said , " you drive carelessly these days , Ahmad " .

She said ........... drove carelessly ............. days. 6 " -Where do you live" ?

Ali asked me where ...........lived. 7 -Kamal said , " I am not doing my home work tomorrow " .

Kamal said …………. Was not doing ……… home work..…………………… 8 -The doctor said , " she always helps me ".

The doctor said she always helped …………… 9 -Students said , " our teacher is absent ". Students said ………….teacher was absent.

10 -Suad said , " I bought this shirt two days ago". Suad said ……….had bought …….shirt ………two days .

11" -Will you get there on time " ? She asked them if ………. Would get there on time .

4

4


12 -Rami said , " I will travel to Canada today " . Rami said ………..would travel to Canada.…………………

3- )Tense ( الجملة زمن تحويلهي المنقول الى المباشر من للتحويل العامة القاعدة

ماضي المضارع

التام الماضي الماضي

الجملة زمن في التحويالت يبين التالي والجدول

V1Go

Write Is

AmAre

Have/hasDon't /doesn't

V2WentWroteWasWas

Was / wereHad

Didn'tV2

WentWroteWasWere

Didn't + V1Had

Had + V3Had gone

Had writtenHad beenHad been

Hadn't + V3Had had

ModalsWillCanMayMust

WouldCouldMightHad to

5

5

إعداد :- محمد حسان الفراية

تلفون :- 3571056870

حسان:- محمد إعدادالفراية

0786501753تلفون :-


3571056870تلفون :-

V1V2

V2Had+V3

detropeRمنقول

tceriDمباشر


Have toHas to

Had toHad to

هي كما تبقى تتغير ال التالية Had+V 3 - would – could - should – might – had to

ضمير You إلى He- she – I مثال يتحول مالحظة Are الى Was عندماتحول

Ali said ," you are a good student , Ahmad ."Ali said he was a good student .

* Nour : " What are you doing at the week end ? " Nour asked Amani what she was doing at the week end.

وهي مباشر الغير إلى المباشر من التحويل عند الجمل من أنواع ثالث لديناالسؤال - 2 (statement)خبرية الجملة ال- 1 األمر - 3 (question)جملة )جمل

imperative)لوحدها واحدة كل سنشرح وهنا

استفهام بإشارة تنتهي وال بنقطة وتنتهي بفاعل تبدأ التي العادية الجملة . وهيالجملة وزمن الضمائر يتحول حيث كالعادة األعلى في التي التحويالت نستخدم هنا

والظروف مثال

1- The man said ," I can speak English well ." The man said he could speak English well . 2- Anwar " I am drinking a lot of coffee these days ." Anwar said he was drinking a lot of coffee those days .

الجملة تحويل أو الصحيحة اإلجابة اختر إما يأتي الوزارة سؤالالجهتين على تمرين

1- Maha : " I am looking after my little brother ."Maha said that she ………………….after her little brother . ) look , looked , was looking (

2- Samira : " we are going to visit our cousin in Amman next week ."Samira said ……………………………………………………………………………..

3- Hisham : " I sit near Basem ."Hisham said ……………………………………………………………………………

4-Omar : " My friends will visit me in the school ." Omar said ………………………………………………………………………………..

4- Fadi : " I am writing a letter to my friend ."Fadi said that he ………………a letter to his friend . ) write , writes , was writing (

5- Sami : " I don't sleep early ."Sami said …………………………………………………………………………………

6- Muna :" I have cleaned my teeth ."

6

6

الخبرية الجملةtnemetats


Muna said ……………………………………………………………………………….7- Ali : " I didn't go shopping yesterday ."

Ali said ………………………………………………………………………………….8- Salma : " My sisters are preparing the food now ."

Salma said that her sisters ……………………….the food then . ) prepare , prepared , were preparing (

9- The boy : " I slept in the corridor yesterday . " The boy said ……………………………………………………………………………….

10- The girl : " My pen has lost for two days ." The girl said ……………………………………………………………………………

11- The children : " the cat must break the cup ." The children said ……………………………………………………………………..

13 -The guide : " The tourists have visited the museum". The guide said that the tourists ……………….the museum.

) had visited , has visited , visit (

وهما نوعان إلى األسئلة تقسم 1- yes/ No questions 2- Wh questions

1- ) Yes / No questions ( بأحد ) ( ( مبدوءة دائما وتكون ال أو نعم إما إجابتها تكون التي األسئلة وهي

التالية الكلمات ) Do , Does , Did , Is ,Are , Am , Was , Were , Have , Has , Had , Modals (

مثال * Do you like English ? * Have you seen the camel ? * Are you reading a story ?

يلي بما أسئلة : - Yes or No -: نقوم تحويل عند التحويل قاعدة

( Ali asked salma…….. 1- األسئلة ورقة على مكتوب يكون التحويل عند طبعا ( مثال

جدا ) مهمة كلمة if . وهي مباشرة بعدها ( نضعالى ( ونذهب أخره بعدها الضميرإلى الذي Do - is - are – have 2- فعل نترك

مثل ( السؤال ( if ونكتبه سابقا المذكور الجدول في كما مباشرةونحوله

كلمة ( بعدبعد -3 ونكتبه سابقا المذكور الجدول في كما ونحوله السؤال فعل إلى نعود

الجملة نكمل ثم . الضميرنقطة -4 ونضع االستفهام اشارة . نحذف

التحويل ) نهائيا عند في نحذفها الموجود الفعل ونحول Do , Does بفعل -5 السؤال بدأ ( اذا

( . V2 الى ( الجملة7

7

السؤال ) (questionجملةالسؤال ) (noitseuqجملة


التحويل ) نهائيا عند في نحذفها الموجود الفعل ونحول Did 6- اذا بفعل السؤال ( بدأ

( . had + V3 الى ( الجملة

األمثلة1- Amin : " Are you reading a book ? " ( you الضمير فعل (Are و أن حظ ال

هنا السؤالAmin asked Ahmad if he was reading a book .

2- Fadi : " Do you know this man ? " ( you الضمير فعل (Do و أن حظ الهنا السؤال

Fadi asked His friends if they knew that man .3- Muna : " Is the bus coming on time ? " ( ضميرللتحويل هناك فعل (Is وليس أن حظ ال

هنا السؤالMuna asked Ali if the bus was coming on time .

4- Nour : " Did your sister sleep early ? ( your الضمير فعل ( Did و أن حظ الهنا السؤال

Nour asked Hind if her sister had slept early . 5- " Can you speak French ? " ( you الضمير فعل (can و أن حظ ال

هنا السؤال Ali asked Sami if he could speak French .

Yes / No Questions اسئلة تحويل على تمرين

1- the boys : " Do we play tennis skillfully ? "The boys asked ………………………………………………………………………..

2- Muna : " Have I got a high mark ? "Muna asked her teacher ……………………………………………………………….

3- Hisham : " Was john working hard ? " Marry asked ……………………………………………………………………………

4- Rami : " Does Sami repair his car ? " Rami asked ……………………………………………………………………

5- " Do you enjoy doing on line exercises ? " The teacher asked his students ………………………………………………………………

6- Laila : " Did you enjoy your holiday ? " Laila asked me …………………………………………………………………………….. 7- " can you check the price of the goods ? " The manager asked Rashed ………………………………………………………………… 8- " Does your child need any special kind of food during the flight ? " The stewardess asked Muna ………………………………………………………………… 9- " can you speak any foreign language ? " Hatem asked Muna ………………………………………………………………………… 10- " Can I use your pen ? " Anwar asked his friend ……………………………………………………………………..11- " Will they do it ? "

Hind asked Salma …………………………………………………………………………8

8


12- " Did you clean the windows ? "Salwa asked her sister …………………………………………………………………….

13- " Does your brother study at this school ?"Hatem asked his friend ……………………………………………………………………

14- " Has your mother taken the news paper ? "The man asked the boy ……………………………………………………………………

15-" Do you work in a college ?" She asked me …………………………………………………………………………….15- " Have you seen my briefcase ?"

Badria asked Samira …………………………………………………………………….16- Ahmad :" Are you enjoying married life ?"

Ahmad asked them ………………………………………………………………………. 17- Ali ; " Did he drive the car ? "

Ali asked if he ……………..the car . ) drives , had driven , drove (18- Muna : " Have you seen my watch ? "

Muna asked Laila if she …………………her watch . ) has seen , see , had seen (19- Salma : " Do you like my hat ? "

Salma asked Hadi if he ……………..her hat . ) liked , likes , was liked (20- Rami : " Are you going to eat at the restaurant ? "

Rami Asked his father if he ………………to eat at the restaurant . ) were going , was going , went (

21- Laila : " Is dinner ready ? "Laila asked Maha if dinner ……………ready . ) was , had been , is (

22- Sami : " Can you take me with you ? "Sami asked Huda if she …………….him with her . ) took , taken , could take (

2- Wh Questions

( Which - where – when – why – who – where - How تبدأ التي االسئلة وهيالتالية ( بالكلمات

مثال * Where is my brother ? * How long does it take ? * When did you see the film ?

يلي بما اسئلة :- Wh questions -: نقوم تحويل عند التحويل قاعدة

( Salma asked ….. 1- ورقة على مكتوب يكون التحويل عند طبعامثال ( االسئلة

اخره هي -Where – when - what 2 الى كما السؤال اداة ننزل . ( مثال

الى ( ونذهب أخره ونحوله الضميرإلى بعدها الذي Do - is - are – have 3- مثل السؤال فعل ( نترك

سابقا -4 المذكور الجدول في كما ونحوله السؤال فعل إلى نعودالجملة نكمل ثم الضمير بعد . ونكتبه

9

9


نقطة -5 ونضع االستفهام اشارة . نحذف ( V3 التحويل نهائيا عند إلى نحذفها الجملة في الموجود الفعل ونحول ) Do ,

Does 6- وجدت ( اذا (had + V3 التحويل نهائيا عند الى نحذفها الجملة في الموجود الفعل ونحول )

Did 7- وجدت ( اذا

االمثلة1- Nour : " What are you doing at the week end ? "

Nour asked Amani what she was doing at the week end .2- Samira ; " Why does he go to Amman ? "

Samira asked Nawal why he went to Amman .3- The police man : " How did you enter the house ? "

The police man asked the thief how he had entered the house .4- My father : " when will you get back ? "

My father asked me when I would come back . 5- The teacher : " where was she sitting ?"

The teacher asked where she had been sitting .

Wh Questions اسئلة تحويل على تمرين

1- “Where do you live? ”Fadi asked me …………………………………………………………………

2- "How old is your father ? "Muna asked Badria ……………………………………………………………

3- " When did the plane leave? "The man asked the pilot ……………………………………………………….

4- " Where have you been? " Ahmad asked Muna …………………………………………………………..5-" Where are you saving you money ? "

Huda askes Nour ……………………………………………………………….

6 - " How did you go to the right address ? " My mother asked me ……………………………………………………………….

7 - " How long have your friends live in Amman ? " Sami asked them ……………………………………………………………………….8- " When are they coming ? " Huda asked Laila ……………………………………………………………………..9- " What is the price of his car ? " The man asked ……………………………………………………………………….10- " Why are you eating in the restaurant ? " Khalid asked me ………………………………………………………………………12- " How can I enter the house ? "

10

10


She asked ……………………………………………………………………………...13- " when will your father be back ?" Saleem asked the girl ………………………………………………………………….14- " How do you spend the holiday ? "

Hisham asked his friends …………………………………………………………..15- " Where has Muna put my bag ? "

Salma asked Laila where Muna ……………her bag . ) have put , put , had put (

16- " When did you marry this man ? "The judge asked her when she ……………..that man . ) married , had married , has married (

17 – Nour : " What are you doing at the week end ? " Nour asked Amani what she ………………at the week end . ) doing , was doing , were doing (

18-Hind : " Where are the keys ? "Hind asked Maha where the keys …………….. .. ) were , was , has (

19 – Khalid : " Where does your father work ? " Khalid asked Sami where his father ……………….. ) works , had worked , worked (

20- Ali : " when have you repaired your car ? " Ali asked Sami when he …………………his car ) had repaired , has repaired , repaired (

21- Maha : " What are you writing ? " Maha asked Fahad what he ………………….. ) were writing , was writing , writing (

22- The teacher : " Why do the boys make that noise ? " The teacher asked why do the boys ……………..that noise . ) makes , made , had made (

Make - Made Do - did

11

11


تلفون :- 3571056870


0786501753تلفون :-


3571056870تلفون :-

ekaM od/ ekaM od/

1. success نجاحا

2. arrangement ترتيبا

3. effort جهدا

4. suggestion اقتراحا

5. mistake خطأ

6. decision قرارا

7. promise وعدا

1. damage دمارا

2. research بحثا

3. experiment تجربة

4. shopping تسوق

5. homework واجب

6. job عمال

7. best ما أفضل

عنده

8. me a favor يقدم


( -: كلمة أما ( doمالحظة وجهود يدوي عمل فيها التي االفعال مع تاتياالفعال ( makeكلمة ) مع

الناسبة . الكلمة ضع ياتي الوزارة وسؤال جهد بدون أي بالعقل المختصةالمناسب . الفراغ في

تمرين

1 -The journalists ………… researches for an article. 2 -why don't we …………….. shopping together?

3 – Please , ……………….. me a favor and turn the radio down. 4 -Scientists frequently ……………….experiments to test their ideas.

5 -My parents usually ……………… the shopping at the week end. 6 -You should think carefully before you …………….your decision.

7 -It is much better to be slow and correct than to be fluent and ……………..a lot of mistakes. 8 -I have ……………my decision very carefully.

9 -Some students will have to ………………a special efforts if they want to pass the exam. 10 -I could …………….a lot of damage to a lot of people.

11 -I am going to ………………a success of my new job. 12 -Many storms …………………a lot of damage to buildings in our village.

13 -Can I ……………………a suggestion for your father. 14 -You have to ……… your home work a gain.

هي والتضاد المقارنة أدواتمن ) اخرى / instead ofبدال جهة بينما / Butلكن / , On the other hand.من

Where as ) مع in comparison withمقارنة

12

12


تلفون :- 3571056870


0786501753تلفون :-


3571056870تلفون :-

Comparing and Contrastوالتضاد المقارنة أدوات

tsartnoC dna gnirapmoCوالتضاد المقارنة أدوات

Where asبينما


وسطها -1 أو الجملة اول تاتي وفعل- 2قد فاعل من مكونه كاملة جملة يتبعهاالجملة وبقية

فاصله .-2 قبلها ياتي قد الوسط في جاءت إذا

* ,

*

امثله a- Life in the city is fast , where as life in the country is slow.

b- Where as some people enjoy the out door life , others prefer indoor life. c- I prefer studying in Jordan , where as my brother prefers studying in USA.

d- Where as Ahmad Likes eating apples , Rami likes eating oranges.

استخدام- 1 نفس ولها فقط الجملة وسط جملة where asتاني بعدها وياتيوبقية وفعل فاعل من مكونة كاملة

الجملة .*

أمثلة A - My brother prefers living in the country but I prefer the town.

B - Ahmad is very good at Arabic but he isn't very good at English.

C - Amman is the largest city in Jordan but Brasilia is small comparedwith cities like Rio de Janeiro .

d - I live in an apartment but my brother live in a house .

فاصلة وبعدها نقطه قبلها ياتي دائما األداة هذهأمثلة

*

A - Traveling by car is very cheap. On the other hand , flying is much quicker .

B - His apartment is much smaller and more expensive than mine. On the other hand, it is in

a much better area.

C - My brother is a terrific athlete. On the other hand, he is a good writer .

13

13

Where as ( فاعل كاملة جملةوفعل (

اخرى جملة

,Where as ( فاعل كاملة جملةوفعل (

اخرى جملة

-2لكن

but اخرى فاعل ) جملة كاملة جملةوفعل (

اخرى جهة On the other- .3من

.On the other hand, جملة جملة

عن مع In stead - 4بدال in- 5بالمقارنة


)ing 1 - وسطها أو الجملة بداية إما تأتيان األداتان يتبعهما - (2هاتان دائما

أخره أو ( ( اسم فعل , *

* أمثلة

1 -Could I have tea instead of coffee , please. 2 -Instead of studying in Jordan , I study in Iraq.

3 -I read a book instead of watching TV . 4 -Instead of French , I study English .

5 -I will search the Net instead of buying newspaper .

, *

*

أمثلة1- In comparison with flying , driving is quite slow and dangerous .2- Milk is very delicious in comparison with tea .3- In comparison with bus , car is more comfortable .4- Riding a bicycle is very interesting in comparison with walking .

جدا مهمه مالحظةاستخدام بين دائما instead ofو in comparison withللتفريق

جاءت اذا In comparison with اسم مباشرة بعدها ياتي الجملة اول في

اخره فعل ingأوأخره فعل أو اسم مباشرة الفاصله بعد ثم فاصلة ingثم

تجد ما غالبا الثاني والجزءعلى الينطبق وهذا صفات . instead ofفيه

التضاد ادوات استخدام على تمرين

14

14

In stead of اخره فعل أو ingاسم مبدوءه اخرى جملةبفاعل

In stead of مبدوءة أخرى جملةبفاعل

اخره فعل أو ingاسم

جاءت* األولى الجملة حظ insteadالof اسم وقبلها الوسط teaفي

اسم .coffeeوبعدهاالبداية* في جاءت الثانية الجملةأخره فعل مباشرة وهي ingوبعدها

studying جمله الثاني الجزء في ثم

In comparison with فعل أو اسمingأخره

بفعل مبدوءه اخرى ingجملةاسم أو

فعل أو لالسم وصفه اسم فيها ing جملهصفه وله

In comparison with فعل أو اسمingاخره


تلفون :- 3571056870


0786501753تلفون :-


3571056870تلفون :-


الصحيحة االجابة اختر ياتي الوزارة سؤال 1.………………… -city people , country people can drive quite fast.

( In comparison with , Where as , I nstead of ) 2 -Ali walked to school …………………….. taking a car.

( where as , on the other hand , instead of) 3 -Hala likes chocolate ……………….Sara likes biscuits.

( Although , where as , instead of) 4.……………… -flying , driving is quite slow and dangerous.

( Where as , On the other hand , In comparison with) 5 -Let's read a book …………………..watching TV .

( instead of , where as , on the other hand) 6………………… -village life , city life can be quite stressful.

( Where as , On the other hand , In comparison with ) 7 -Could I have coffee ………………..tea , please.

( where as , instead of , in comparison with) 8………………… -buildings , all I can see from my window are fields and trees.

( But , instead of , In comparison with ) 9 -City people have to buy vegetables from shops , …………..village people often grow them.

( on the other hand , instead of , where as ) 10 -train journeys are often very fast ……………………you have to stop at a station .

( but , where as , in stead of) 11.…………………… -Seoul in South Korea , Paris, the capital of France , is quite small.

( Where as , In comparison with , on the other hand ) 12 -I have decided to learn Chinese ……………………..French at university.

( instead of , in comparison with , where as ) 13 -It is very expensive to live in a city …………………….the country.

( on the other hand , in comparison with , where as ) 14 -Super markets fruit may be cheap ………………….it isn't as tasty as fruit from a market.

( instead of , on the other hand , but) 15 -Living in acity is very cheap . ………………………., it is very interesting.

( instead of , where as , on the other hand) 16 -My father will buy a car …………………the bus.

( instead of , in comparison with , where as )

مالحظة : مثل * ) القصيرة الصفات بين مقارنه عمل عند للمقارنه نقوم ( big , small ,tallبالنسبة

( erباضافة ) كلمة نضع ثم (Ali is taller than Samiمثل( . ) (thanلها

مثل * ) الطويلة للصفات مقارنه عمل نقوم ( dangerous , beautiful , interestingعندكلمة بإضافة

( more ( ) نضع الصفه وبع الصفه the lion is more dangerous than theمثل ( . ) thanقبلcat. )

2 -Ahmad is ………..than his brother . . Cairo is……………….than Amman. 1

( intelligent , more intelligent , most intelligent) (biggest , bigger , more bigger) 15

15


نحن . وليس عنا آخر احد به قام عمل عن نتحدث عندما السياق هذا مثل تستخدم - 1 القاعدة

* Subject + + object + V3 .

وجود ( ) haveنستخدم ) { حالة نستخدم( ) don't , do في وجود ( )hasو حلة فيdoesn't , does)

األصلية الجملة في مضارع }أوفعل

أمثلة 1 -I don't write the letter my self . I have it written.

2 -She doesn't remove her tooth herself . She has it removed . 3 -My friends don't clean the garden . They have it cleaned.

4 -Do you paint the picture your self ? No, I have it painted.

2 * -Subject + + object + V3.

وجود ( ) hadنستخدم ) { حالة األصلية( .didn't , did في الجملة في ماضي فعل }أو

1 -We didn't cut the trees in our garden . We had it cut. 2 -Did you build the house your self ? No, I had it built.

.

* Subject + + object + V3.

وجود { حالة في بتحويل نستخدم نقوم حيث

} (V3الى ( ) ingالفعل )

1 -She isn't taking these photos . she is having them taken. 2 -We aren't connecting the internet . We are having it connected.

16

16

Having things done (Causative)

السبـــــــبـــــــية

Having things done (evitasuaC)

السبـــــــبـــــــية

have has

عملنا عندما إننا الحظالفاعل وضعنا سببية الجملة

أضفنا ثم هو hasأو haveكماوهو المفعول وضعنا ثم

األحيان حولنا itاغلب ثم

had

عملنا عندما إننا الحظالفاعل وضعنا سببية الجملة

أضفنا ثم هو ثم had كمااغلب وهو المفعول وضعنا

is having are having

was havingwere having

is having are having

was havingwere having

Isn't Aren't

Wasn't + v )ing(Weren't

عملنا عندما إننا الحظوضعنا سببية الجملة

ثم هو كما الفاعل ثم areأو isوضعنا ,

3


* Subject + is going to have + object + V3. 1 – She isn't going to clean the house . She is going to have it cleaned.

* Subject + had to have + object + V3.

وجود ( ) had to haveنستخدم ){ حالة األصلية( .couldn't في الجملة }في 3 -I couldn't repair my computer . I had to have it repaired

* Subject + + object + V3.

وجود ( ) modals+ haveنستخدم ) { حالة األصلية( .modal في الجملة }فيمثال

1 -I can't shave my face . I can have it shaved.

المجود الفعل صحح شكل على يأتي دائما الوزارة لسؤال بالنسبةقوسين بين

السببية على تمارين 1 -Ali's father painted his own house . He didn't have it ………………. ) paint ( 2 -Majed didn't repair his computer him self . He had it ……………… ) repair (

3 -Do you like this photograph of our family ? we had it ………by a photographer . ) take ( 4 -Did you plant the trees in your garden your selves ? No, we had them ………… ) plant (

5 -My mother dyed her own dress blue . She didn't have it ……………….. ) dye ( 6 -Rawan didn't type the report her self . She had it …………….. ) type (

7 -Muna didn't write the email . She had it ……………………) write ( 8 -She tried mending her glasses , but she couldn't . she had to have them …………..) mend (

By optician .

التحويل على تمرين 1 -I don't fix my watch.

I..…………………………………………………… 2 -Did you redecorate the flat you self?

No , I..………………………………………………… 3 -Are you going to service your car?

No , I..………………………………………………… 4 -Will you cut down those trees yourself?

No , I………………………………………………… 5 -Hisham didn't take his own tooth out.

He..…………………………………………………… 6 -Rabab doesn't take those photos herself.

She.…………………………………………………… 7 -My brother isn't cutting his her himself.

He .………………………………………………………

17

17

4 Modal+have


هي العامة القاعدة ( subject + had + been + V ) ing ( )

قوسين بين الموجود الفعل صحح يأتي دائما الوزارة سؤال

رأى إذا القوسين بين النظر سوى الطالب على فعليه ( be , write )ما مثالإلى ) ( had been writingتحويلها

تمرين 1-My uncle didn't pass his driving test . He ………………………………………the test

several times . ) be , take (2 -The tailors finished making Laila's dress a week before the wedding . They…………………

……………… it for over a month . ) be , make (3-Ahmad was very tired at the end of the day . He had ……………………………for over five

hours . ) be , work (4 -Omar passed all his exams . He had …………………………….for a month . ) be , revise (

5 -Aisha received an email from Tahani yesterday , She..…………………………………… Since June . ) be , promise (

6 -When Mr. Mahmoud arrived , he was exhausted . He…………………………………… For five days . ) be , climb (

7 -Fossett was particularly pleased with this record . He had ……………………………..for six years . ) be , try (

8 -Just before they reached the summit , they………………………………………… down every few metres . ) be , fall (

المستمر التام الماضي دالئل ( Past simple , ) for , since , several times , all ( )

النفي Negative form :- Subject + hadn't + been + V ) ing* صيغة(.

السؤال ?) Question form :- Had + subject + been + V ) ing * صيغة

18

18

Giving back ground information (Past Perfect Continuous )

المستمر التام الماضي

Giving back ground information (suounitnoC tcefreP tsaP )

المستمر التام الماضي


نستخدم المودلز حالة في للمجهول مبني الى للمعلوم مبني من التحويل عندالتالية القاعدة

مثال * They would change the plan according to the situation.

مثال * The plan would be changed according to the situation .

Passive ) modal + be + v3( Active ) modal + v1 (

+ be + V3

Will

+ V1

Willwouldwould

cancancouldcouldshallshall

shouldshouldmaymay

mightmightMustMust

Has toHas toHave toHave toHad toHad to

Is going toIs going toAm going toAm going toAre going toAre going to

Ought toOught to

أمثله 1 -I must give him the money tomorrow.

19

19

(Passive with modal verbs) Talking about process

افعال مع للمجهول المبنيالمودلز

(sbrev ladom htiw evissaP) ssecorp tuoba gniklaT

افعال مع للمجهول المبنيالمودلز

الجملة تكملة ثم للمعلوم Subject + modal + V1 مبني+ Object

الجملة تكملة ثم للمجهول Object + modal مبني+be + V3 +


He must be given the money tomorrow. 2 -I will invite you to the party next week. You will be invited to the party next week.

3 -We should help the poor every time. The poor should be helped every time.

4 -The soldiers must perform the commander's orders. The commander's orders must be performed .

تمرين 1 -The government can compensate the farmers for the loss of their crops.

The farmers.………………………………………………………………… 2 -The government must save the historical sites.

The historical sites..………………………………………………………… 3 -The farmers must water the plants in order to grow.

The plants.………………………………………………………………… 4 -The fire tunnel will kill thirty – nine people.

Thirty-nine people..………………………………………………………… 5 -Hatem should send the car to the garage.

The car..……………………………………………………………………… 6 -The patient must take the medicine on time.

The medicine.………………………………………………………………… 7 -The student may write these letters.

These letters…………………………………………………………………… 8 -The new company has to produce high quality computers.

High quality computers..……………………………………………………… 9 -The author will publish the third edition of his book next year.

The third edition of his book..………………………………………………… 10 -The policemen are going to search the city for criminals.

The city……………………………………………………………………… متعدد من اختيار تمرين 1 -The gardener should water the flowers.

The flowers …………..by the gardener. ( watered , should water , should be watered)

2 -The police can catch the thief in his house. The thief ………………….in his house.

( caught , can be caught , can catch) 3 -They could construct large halls between the sections. Large halls between the section………………………

( could be constructed , could construct , constructed) 4 -They would divide it into four sections.

It ……………………into four sections. ( divided , would divide , would be divided )

5 -They must decorate the house with balloons an dflowers. The house ……………….with balloons and flowers.

( must be decorated , must decorate , decorated) 6 -The children might break the window.

20

20


The window ……………………. By the children. ( might break , might be broken , broke)

7 -The patient must take the medicine on time.

The medicine ……………………..on time. ( took , must take , must be taken )

االخرى االزمنه في المجهول المبني ملخصالجملة معلوممجهول زمن

is are + V3

amV1

المضارع Presentالبسيط

simple was

were + V3V2 الماضي

البسيطPast simple

have has + been + V3

have has + V3

التام المضارعPresent perfect

had + been + V3 had + V3 التام الماضي

Past perfect is

are + being +V3 am

is are + V) ing (

am

المضارع Presentالمستمر

continuous was

were + being + V3 Was

Were + V ) ing (

الماضي المستمر

Past continuous

بسيط مضارع أمثله1 -O mar writes a letter . 2 – She cleans the windows.

A letter is written ) by omar ( . The windows are cleaned. 3 -The government builds many new projects . 4- They find gold under the ground

Many new projects are built . Gold is found under the ground.

بسيط ماضي أمثله 1 – The boy broke the window . 2- My mother cooked two chickens.

The window was broken . Two chickens were cooked . 3 -They gave him a present . 3- The farmer planted the trees.

He was given a present . The trees were planted. تام وماضي تام مضارع أمثله

1 -They have finished their works . 2- My friends have visited Aqaba. Their works have been finished . Aqaba has been visited.

3 -The police have caught the criminal . 4- My father had written a story . The criminal has been caught . A story had been written.

مستمر وماضي مستمر مضارع امثله1 -He is watching an interesting film . 2- The farmer was cutting three trees.

21

21


An interesting film is being watched . Three trees were being cut. 3 -The government is building many hospitals . 4- They were taking their lunch at restaurant

Many hospitals are being built . Their lunch was being taken at restaurant

تمرين 1 -millions of people all over the world have used computers to do heavy jobs.

Computers..……………………………………………………………… 2 -Many schools has taught English as a second language in Jordan.

English…………………………………………………………………… 3 -I expect everyone to reach the summit after hard work.

Every one………………………………………………………………… 4 -Teachers give us exams every month.

We..……………………………………………………………………… 5 -Few people have used this road in winter.

This road………………………………………………………………… 6 -Hunters killed animals for their skin.

Animals………………………………………………………………… 7 -We don't eat meat in the morning.

Meat…………………………………………………………………… 8 -Our teacher has corrected our papers perfectly.

Our papers..…………………………………………………………… 9 -My mother doesn't clean my room daily.

My room..……………………………………………………………… 10-The waiter poured the coffee.

The coffee..…………………………………………………………… 11 -Nothing shakes my belief in God.

My belief in god……………………………………………………… 12-The player scored two goals.

Two goals.…………………………………………………………… 13 -The tourist burned wood in the fire place.

Wood…………………………………………………………………14 -I didn't invite him for my birthday party.

He.…………………………………………………………………… 15 -No body has asked you to go alone.

You.………………………………………………………………… 16-My friend builds a new house on the river.

A new house………………………………………………………… 17 -My mother has turned of the lights after dinner.

The lights…………………………………………………………… 18 -We didn't type the letter yesterday.

22

22


The letter…………………………………………………………… 19 -They are building two school in our village.

Two schools.……………………………………………………… 20 -Elephants have changed the natural environment.

The natural environment.……………………………………………………21 -They are writing letters now.

Letters……………………………………………………………………… 22 -People were watching us.

We………………………………………………………………………… 23 -The ministry of health has built many new hospitals.

Many new hospitals..………………………………………………………24 -The company has delivered the final report.

The final report…………………………………………………………… 25 -They were cleaning the carpet.

The carpet………………………………………………………………… 26 -They had built this castle in the past.

This castle..……………………………………………………………… 27 -They are giving the children presents.

The children.…………………………………………………………… 28 -No body has cut the grass in the garden.

The grass………………………………………………………………… 29 -A football match ……………………………by our team.

(played - is played - are played) 30 -All the houses …………………..by him.

(sold - was sold - were sold) 31 -A lot of interesting places …………………by the guests.

) ( saw - has been seen - have been seen32 – The book ……………………..several times.

(read - is read - are read) 33 -The new hospital ……………………………..by the king.

(open - is opened - are opened) 34 – A new strategies ………………………out in Jordan.

(carried - is being carried - are being carried) 35 -Dictionaries ………………….in tests.

(used - was used - were used)

23

23


كالتالي الوزارة سؤال A. EDITING )4 points(

Imagine you are an editor in the Jordan Times. You are asked to edit the following lines that have three mistakes. Correct the mistakes and write the answers in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

خط . تحتها التي اإلمالئية االخطاء صحح تايمز جوردان جريدة في محرر انك تخيل.

viewconstantalert desertedexhaustionprofitableEmbassy concentrate InhabitantinspirePublic serviceRegulatedeprivedOvercrowding summitSkilledsectormoody Phenomenon altitudeArtisanspecificirritablerural heliumMosaicfractionrecharge Elite Solo PotteryInstitution shallowExpedition burner

Keep awakeFreight traffic IncredibleFrostbitecabin

recordpurpose reducedsecret successful

24

24

امالئيا للحفظ امالئيا كلمات للحفظ كلمات

many ) 1 ( people who cannot koncentrate) 2 ( and are moudy) 3 ( or irretable) 4( need more sleep .

rural)1( depopulation is a phenomenen)2( which can lead to overkrowding)3( in cities as well as for fewer people in country areas .

madaba)1( is called the city of mosaiks)2( . It was a major trading center for pottary)3( made by skilled local artisanz)4( .

mahmoud)1( became the first Jordanian man to reach the sammit)2( of Mount Everest . Apart from exhoustion)3( and little frostpite) 4(, he was in good

Capital)1( cities house government offices as well as imbassies)2( from other countries . They are also financial institusions) 3( .


2 -Expressing Disagreement / disagreeingالموافقة التعبي عدم عن ر

1 -Expressing agreement / agreeingالموافقة عن التعبير

I completely / totally disagree with you- .I don’t agree on that point-

.I’m afraid you are wrong- .I’m afraid I can’t agree with you-

I totally agree with you- . -You may be right

.I agree- .That’s true-

.You’re right-

4 -presenting argumentالحجج تقديم

3 -Explaining a choiceاالختيار تفسير

. -Would it be a good idea to take?..… . -It might be a better idea to take……

. -If we don't take the ….., X might happen

. -I'd take the ……………because .We really need the ……….. to ) + verb ( -

6 -Giving adviseنصيحة إعطاء

5 -Giving explanationsالتفسيرات إعطاء

. -For me the golden rule is this . -If you do this

. -Remember some of these tips . -The best way to... is to

. -Don’t forget . -In my experience

. -In the end , you'll be more successful if

. -may be / perhaps / probably / could be . -Do you think?.…………… . -I think / believe he..………

8 -Biographyالحياة سيرة

7 -Comparing and Contrastingالمقارنة ) درس والتباين المقارنة

(والتباين -Was born / worked as / in 1987 / whe he/ she was . -These people /This family needs

……..whereas /but these people/this family . -In comparison with.…………

.The flat is much more convenient . -It would take less time if they..…

.On the other hand , it would be nosier . -We think this flat would be more suitable

25

25

Language Functionsاللغوية الوظائف

Language Functionsاللغوية الوظائف

the)1( Spirit of Freedom, used a mixture of heloum and hot air and was 42 meters high and 18 meters wide. To keep at a konstant)3( altetude)4(, the balloon used a sophisticated autopilot system.

the)1( area is suffering from the effects of debopulation)2(, such as poor publik)3( servises)4( and deserted farms.


because

كالتالي الوزارة سؤال B. Study the following pair of sentences and answer the question bellow . Write the

answers in your ANSWER BOOKLET . ) 2 points (حسب ) احدهما باختيار السؤال على اجب ثم التاليتين الجملتين ادرس

السؤال ( Nadia : Don't forget to take an umbrella in case it rains.

Bayan : I will. Which sentence expresses giving advice .

…………………………………………………

************** A- Okay , I see what you mean , but I don't agree.

B- It might be a better idea to take . Which sentence indicates disagreement

.…………………………………………………

************** Muna : I have got a bad toothache . What should I do?

Nuha : The best way is to go to the dentist. Which sentence expresses giving advice .

…………………………………………………

************* A- I believe that Ali deserves this award because she worked hard.

B- I agree . Which sentence indicates agreement

.…………………………………………………

************* A- I 'd take the plane because it is faster .

B- That's a good idea. Which sentence indicates Explaining a choice

..……………………………………

26

26


المعنىبالعربي

باالنجليزي الفعل المعنى الرقمشبه

Appear / become visible Come out1يظهر بالصدفة Find a chanceCome across2يجد

visitCome over3يزورمن يفيق

غيبوبةRecover after being unconscious Come round4

يهبط /ينخفض

Fall / decreaseCome down5

يذكر / Become available / was mentionedCome up6يتوفرقصة Invent a story Make up7يخترعيفكر/ Think about / understandMake of8يفهم

Replace some thing lostMake up for 9يعوض- يربط- يشد

يثبتFasten , tie , tidy , redecorate Do up10

بدون Not have some thingDo with out11يعملمن Get red of Do away12 يتخلص

كالتالي الوزارة سؤال Study the following dictionary entry and answer the question that follows, Write the

answer in your ANSWER BOOKLET. )3 points( What does the multi part verb come down mean in the following sentence ?

* It has been hot all day . Finally , the temperature is starting to come down. ..……………………………………………………………

* As we were walking up the mountain , we came across a small camp site . ..………………………………………………………

* Wait till the flowers come out ; you will paint a beautiful picture.

………………………………………………………

27

27

Phrasal Verbs with ) make , do , come ( مع ) جزئين من مكونة do , أفعال

make , come)

Phrasal Verbs with ) make , do , come ( مع ) جزئين من مكونة od , أفعال

emoc , ekam)

Come down -decrease

-reach

Come across -found by chance

-made an impression

Come out -become known

-become visible


تلفون :- 3571056870


0786501753تلفون :-


3571056870تلفون :-


* You'd better do up your boots tightly to stop the sand getting in.

* The doctor told my grand mother she'd have to learn to do with out sugar.

يكون ما والصفة االسمعادة الفعل عن تميزه التي التالية المقاطع بأحد منتهي- 1والظرف

tion , ness , ment , ure , dom , ism , ance ,ence , ity , age , sion , ship, ian , cy , hood , ing , logy , er , or , )verb + y , ss (

( education – darkness – development – adventure – king dom – nationalism – success Independence – importance – productivity – courage – decision – friendship – delivery

1 ( التعريف - أدوات :-اسميأتي ( a - an - theبعد The doctor is a ………………. which needs concentration.

( profession - professional - professionally) جدا , a fewقليل ) الكمية محددات بعد - 2 جدا , a littleقليل , fewقليل بعض , littleقليل

some ,كبير , allكل , anyبعض كبيرة , manyعدد من , muchكمية من a lot ofكمية plenty ofكثير

:-اسميأتي ( severalبضع , noال , The idea of living in a city has little ………………….to me .

(attract - attractive - attraction ) أولئك ) -3 اإلشارة أسماء :- اسميأتي( This هذا , That ذلك , Theseهؤالء , Thoseبعد

The king has made these …………………s . ( improve - improvement - improvable)

تحت, with مع, of عن, on على, in في, at على, from من, for )إلى الجر أحرف بعد- 4 under

:- اسميأتي ..........الخ( without بدون , over فوق, through خالل, after عد, beforeقبل Many countries suffer from …………….. of water.

( pollute - pollutive - pollution) األرقام- )5 :-اسميأتي( one ,two , eleven , nineteen , twenty ,thirty..etcبعد

There are twenty ……………………… in this program. ( Participate - participation - participative )

28

28

( في nuoNمواقع االسم ) :-الجملة

(Derivations) قواعداالشتقاق

(snoitavireD) قواعداالشتقاق

Nounاالسم

Do up -fasten

-get red of

Come with out -redecorate -get red of


لي- ) 6 الملكية صفات ( yourلكم , their لهم , her , itsلها , hisله , yourلك , ourلنا , myبعديأتي ( s' , 'sو ) :- اسمالملكية

The leader's ………………….impressed all of us . My ……………… will help me ( success - successful - successfully( ) government , govern , governable)

الصف -7 مثل بعد goodجيد , strongقوي , safeآمن , remarkableرائع , attractiveجذاب ) اتيأتي ( , hugeضخم , greatعظيم , badسيء :- اسم جميل

They have made a dangerous……………… (decide - decisive – decision)

للجملة )-8 كفاعل الجملة بداية :- اسم يأتي ( subject في ..………………… needs hard work.

( Democracy - democratic - democratically ) :- اسم يأتي ( object ) للجملة به كمفعول الفعل بعد- 9

They want …………………about the factory. ( information - inform - informative )

المذكورة األشياء احد وجدت إذا وبعده الفراغ أمام انظر بالحل تبدأ أن قبل بعدها وجاء سابقا

الحل فإن آخر اسم أي أو حيوان أو مكان أو شخص اسم الفراغ بعد ثم فراغ . صفه يكون

attractive( places in Jordan. )( We can see many:- ) ذلك ومثال ( I see a ) beautiful( girl in the park . )

( We should prepare this ) alternative( plan .) أماكن ) الكلمات فان الثالث الجمل هذه هي ( planخطه , girlفتاه , placesالحظ

أسماءجذاب ) صفات الفراغات في وضعنا بديل , beautifulجميل , attractiveوقد

alternative) الكلمات ) وجود من ذكرنا ( many , a , thisبالرغم كما باسم تتبع أن يجب التي

سابقا .مواقع في شرحنا كما اسم يكون فالحل الفراغ بعد اسم يوجد لم إذا أما

االسم . 2-

تكون ما الفعل الصفةعادة و االسم عن تميزها التي التالية المقاطع بأحد منتهيةوالظرف

Y , ful , less ,en ,able , ible , ive ,ous , ish ,al , ic , ate , ent ,ary , Ory , ed , ant , ing ) ( ( primary ,successful , careless , golden , considerable ,sensitive , dangerous,

Selfish , , environmental , economic , compassionate ,…….etc)

أفعال ) -1 صفة :- Be) (( is , am ,are , was ,wereبعد ياتي It is …………….. to drive your car on a hill.

(wonder - wonderful – wonderfully ) أي يوجد ال انه أي الجملة في رئيسي فعل ( جاءتis) أن نالحظ المثال هذا ) في

أخر فعل يوجد انه أي مساعد فعل كانت إذا أما صفه نضع هنا بعدها آخر فعل: التالية الجملة .مثل ظرف يكون الحل فان بعده

29

29

مهم

( في evitcejdAمواقع الصفة ) :-الجملة

الصفة


(Prices are ……………… rising nowadays). (sharp - sharpness - sharply )

(rising) هو الجملة في الرئيسي والفعل مساعد فعل ( جاءت are) أن الحظ لذلك

. صفه وليس ظرف الفراغ في وضعنا الصفة:- ( تأتيNounاالسم) - قبل2

He will face a ………………… problem. ( danger - dangerous – dangerously)

� الكلمات بعد-3 �, definitely بالتأكيد , extremelyالتالية)جدا تماما�, too جدا, very جداquite ,� ( so جدا

…………….. .That car is extremely :- الصفة تأتي ( expensiveness - expensive – expensively )

التالية :- :--4 وهي الصفة استخدام فيها يجب التي التراكيب بعض هناك 1 ( -the most + Adjective. )

(danger - dangerous – dangerously) Lion is the most ………animal in the forest .

2 ( -as + Adjective + as) It is as ……… as your car .) comfort – comfortable – comfortably (

3 -more + Adjective + than English is more............ than history . ) importance – important - importantly (

, look يبدو, get يحصل, taste يتذوق, feel يشعر, sound األفعال)يبدو بعض بعد- 5 (seemيبدو

:- الصفة تأتي (was found) كلمة ( وكذلكbecome يصبح, smell) يشم It tastes ………………. . ) delicious –deliciousness – deliciously (

:- صفة ( تاتيenough) كلمة - قبل6 He is not ………………….. enough to join the university.

(success - successful - successfully)

والصفة االسم عن تميزه التي التالية المقاطع بأحد منتهي الفعل يكون ما ادةع-3 والظرف

( ise , ize , ify , en ,ate ,ed ) أخرى مقاطع و (Characterize , justify , oraganise ,isolate , Threaten , impress)

1 -( األسماء األسماء ( he/she/they/we/you/I/itوالضمائر ( ) Nounsبعد تكون عندمافاعل :- موقع في والضمائر

They ……………….in the competition every year. ( participate - participation - participatory)

المودل بعد-2 , will , would ,can ,could , shall ,should ,may , might) (modals) زأفعالmust ,

Have to ,has to , had to , ought to , be able to , going to) مجرد فعل :-يأتي # The man can ……………… the criminal.

( identify – identification - identifiable)

30

30

Verb الفعل

( في breVمواقع الفعل ) :-الجملة


المساعدة ) بعد -3 مجرد ( d o – does – didاألفعال فعل :- يأتيوهما :- حالتين في تستخدم األفعال النفي- )1وهذه (don't/doesn't/didn'tعند

السؤال- .2 بداية في وتكون السؤال عند You don't ……….your answer .

( justify , justification – justifiable) Did the school ………..in the competition ?

( participate - participation - participatory)ومثال ( toبعد ) -4 مجرد فعل يأتي التالية :- toدائما الكلمات في المجردة

( going to , so as to , in order to , agreed to , teach to) ..……, It is really expensive to …………..in TV .

( advertise – advertisement – advertiser) التكرار ) - 5 ظروف :-فعليأتي ( Adverbs of frequencyبعد هي الظروف وهذه

� � , alwaysدائما � , neverأبدا � , oftenغالبا � , rarelyنادرا usuallyعادة� sometimesأحيانا� , normallyعادة� , generallyعموما , frequentlyمرارا

They sometimes …………….. ….. new ideas . ) create – creative - creation ( التالية - 6 الكلمات فعل :- ( would rather / had better / let's)بعد يأتي

Let's …………… on our work , please . ( concentrate - concentration – concentrated )

المساعدة- )7 األفعال ثالث ( have / has / hadبعد تصريف فعل دائما :-يأتي The teacher has ………………the problem.

( solved , solvable , solution ) فعل- :- 8 ياتي به والمفعول الفاعل بين

Flowers ………………..bees and butterflies. ( attract - attractive - attraction )

يكون ما بالمقطع الظرفعادة والفعل ( ly)منتهي والصفة االسم عن يميزه الذي4 -

( . completely , considerably , successfullyمثل:- )

الجملة- :- 1 تركيب ويكون الفعل حدوث كيفية ليصف الجملة نهاية فيكالتالي :-

(adverb + + الجملة ( verb + Subjectتكملةذلك :- ومثال

# She listens to the lesson carefully. # He carried out his tasks successfully.

يتبعه- 2 ودائما� الجملة بداية كالتالي :- :-فاصلةفي الجملة تركيب ويكونالجملة ) ( Adverb , تكملة

ذلك :- ومثال # Ironically , the soldier was helped by his enemy.

# Successfully , he passed the exam. الرئيسي و الفاعلبين- 3 الجملة :- الفعل تركيب ويكون ظرف تكون الجملة في

كالتالي :-

31

31

الظرف

( في brevdAمواقع الظرف ) :-الجملة


الجملة ) ( verb + Adverb + Subject + تكملة -: ذلك ومثال

# The manager intensively studied the project. المساعد بين -4 الرئيسي و الفعل : الفعل ويكون الظرف يأتي الجملة في

كالتالي :- الجملة تركيبالجملة )) + رئيسي ) تكملة مساعد + )main verb + ) Adverb فعل (+ Auxiliary فعل

Sub)) ذلك :- ومثال

# He is correctly writing the e-mail.

الجملة :--5 في مباشرة الرئيسي الفعل بعد + الجملة :- ) تكملة كالتالي الجملة تركيب الرئيسي +Adverbويكون ( Sub + الفعل

ذلك :- ومثال # My father behaves differently in many occasions.

الصفة )-6 :"- Adjectiveقبل كالتالي ( :- التركيب ويكون الظرف يأتيالجملة) + الجملة + (Adjective + Adverbتكملة بداية

ذلك :- ومثال # The house was considerably small.

This car is expensive and..…………………… ( comfort - comfortable - comfortably )

االشتقاق أنواع جميع على شاملة عامة تمارين 1 -The Gulf of Aqaba is an area of great ……………………beauty.

( nature , natural , naturally) 2 -Tourism is ……………….developed in Jordan.

[[ increase , increasing , increasingly ( 3- Does the teacher find a ………………for your problem? ) solve , solvable , solution ( 4- Parents should teach their children to ……………..on themselves. )depend , dependent , dependently ( 5- Many young people ………………in this program every day. ) communicate , communication , communicative ( 6- The government has shortened the …………education to 2 years.

32

32

قبل )) التي نفس (( andالكلمة من يكونان بعدها والتي .النوع

( Noun and Noun ) ( Adjective and adjective ) ( verb and verb ( ) adverb and adverb)


) volunteer , voluntary , voluntarily ( 7- Most children couldn't resist the …………..to eat a lot of chocolate. ) tempt , temptation , tempting ( 8- The insurance company should ……………the two drivers after that tragic accident . ) compensate , compensatory , compensation 9- Sports participants should make progress in physical and …………. fitness . ) mentality , mental , mentally ( 10- Being untidy , Rami shows an element of ……………in his work . ) disorganise , disorganised , disorganisation ( 11- We were ………..impressed by Ahmad's performance. )Favourite , favourably , favour ( 12- School parliaments …………..the democratic attitude of the ministry of education . ) exemplification , exemplary , exemplify ( 13-Electric wires should be ……………handled. ) cautious , caution , cautiously ( 14- My …………..for your kindness is great. ) admire , admirable , admiration ( 15 - Developing …………..thinking is being encouraged at schools in Jordan . ) create , creative , creation ( 16- We are known by the people we ………….with. ) socialise , social , socially ( 17- Jerash is a very ……….place in Jordan . ) attract , attractive , attraction , attractively ( 18- Air ………..is widely considered a global issue . ) pollute , pollution , polluted ( 19- industrial corporations can't survive if they aren't……………. ) compete , competitive , competition ( 20- some ……….projects might require a lot of investments . ) region , regional , regionally ( 21- There isn't any …………..for this application . ) necessary , necessity , necessarily ( 22- There are many ………..inventions nowadays . ) import , importance , important ( 23- …………, my father was treated inside the court. ) honour , honourable , honourably ( 24- Some countries face serious ………………..problems . ) economize , economic , economically ( 25- An earthquake is considered a natural …………………. ) disaster , disastrous , disastrously ( 26- storms causes the ……………of most of the crops . ) destruct , destruction , destructive (

33

33


تلفون :- 3571056870


0786501753تلفون :-


3571056870تلفون :-


27- unemployment is falling as more people find ……………….work . ) permanent , permanence , permanently ( 28- Some plants are grown in biomes where the temperature is ………….. controlled . ) careful , carefully , care ( 29- The little boy's story shows plenty of ……………….. ) imagine , imaginative , imagination ( 30- Birds travel ……………..distances , some times across continents . ) extensive , extensively , extend ( 31- There is a lot of…………. In our city . ) violent , violence , violently ( 32- Our heating system is very old and extremely ………….. ) inefficiency , inefficient , inefficiently ( 33- Careless drivers can seriously ………………the safety of pedestrian . ) threaten , threat , threatening ( 34 – Banking and other …………..institutions are usually based in the capital city . ) finance , financial , financially ( 35 – Deforestation can cause serious ………….to the country economy . ) destroy , destruction , destructive ( 36 – Teachers should ……………their students to work hard . ) motivate , motivation , motivational ( 37- In my city there is a wide ……………of entertainments to choose from . ) vary , variety , various ( 38- Only certain kind of people have ………….brains . ) mathematics , mathematical , mathematically ( 39- I'll never forget the……………… I felt on my first day at school . ) excite , excitement , excitedly ( 40- The picture was …………….. drawn by the artist . ) skill , skillful , skillfully ( 41- to my ………………I got a high score in the exam . ) amaze , amazing , amazement ( 42 – Petra is one of the most important …………….sites in Jordan . ) history , historical , historically (

34

34


باالنجليزي بالعربي المعنى المصطلحالمعنىSelect exactly بالتحديد Pick and chooseيختار

Family and close friends والمقربون Nearest and dearestالعائلةDifferent things مختلفه Odds and endsاشياء

All over the place مكان كل Far and wideمنNoise and excitementضوضاءHustle and bustle

باالنجليزي المعنىالمعنىبالعربي

المصطلح

Boast/ say good thing about himيتفاخرBlow one's own trumpetAccept punishment العقاب To face the musicيتقبل

Teach by frequent repetition بالتكرار Drum some thing intoيتعلمChange one's mind موقفه Change one's tuneيغير

35

35

Idioms with andبكلمة مربوطة الكتاب في وردت andتعابير

Music Idiomsالموسيقى مصطلحات

Verbs with musical instrumentsموسيقية آالت مع تستخدم أفعال


الفعل الموسيقية معنى الفعلاالالتTrumpet / saxophoneblowينفخ

بالقوس يعزفالوتر على

A violinbow

Drum / percussion instrumenthitيطبلعلى باليد ينقر

الوترGuitar Pluck / strum

الصوتالمعنىالمطرقه / الباب Bang a door / a hammerطرقالكهرباء كبسة Click a light switchنقره

الحنفيه من الماء Drip a tapتنقيطالمحرك Roar traffic / plane engineهدير

االنسان Scream a personصراخالماء Splash some thing falling into waterطرطشة

الساعة Tick a clockدقاتالعصافير / الرياح Whistle wind / birdsصفير

36

36

How much sleep do we need? نحتاج النوم من كم

How much sleep do you need each night? Do you usually get this amount? Can you catch تعويض بامكانك هل ؟ كافية كمية على عادة تحصل هل ؟ ليلة كل تحتاج النوم من كم

up on sleep you have missed at night by sleeping at other times, or do you find it difficultصعوبة , تجد هل أو آخر وقت في بالنوم ليال فاتك الذي النوم

to sleep during the day? The rest of this article will give you some useful information and المفيدة المعلومات بعض تعطيك سوف المقالة هذه بقية ؟ النهار خالل النوم في

والنصائح advice?

**********The amount of sleep human beings need varies from individual to individual. We know

نعرف . نحن آخر الى شخص من تختلف البشر يحتاجها التي النوم كميةthat most adults need about 8 hours of sleep a day, but this number can vary greatly ;

تقريبا الكباريحتاجون معظم بشكل , 8أن يتغير قد الرقم هذا لكن اليوم في النوم من ساعات؛ كبير‘short sleepers’ may need only 5 hours, whereas ‘long sleepers' may need 9 to 10 hours .

يحتاجون " " قد النوم يحتاجون , " " 5قصيرو ربما النوم طويلو بينما فقط 10الى 9ساعاتساعات .

Babies need about 16 hours a day while many teenagers need an average of 9 hours. As حوالي يحتاجون معدله 16األطفال ما يحتاجون المراهقين من العديد بينما يوميا ساعات .9ساعة

وكلماpeople get older they tend to need less sleep; Some elderly people wake up early in the

في مبكرا يستيقظون السن كبار بعض ؛ أقل نوما يحتاجون ان الى يميلون بالعمر الناس كبرmorning and cannot sleep for more than five or six hours. Exactly how much we need

من الكثر النوم يستطيعون وال بالضبط . 6أو 5الصباح نحتاجه ما ساعاتdepends on several factors including our age, our daily routine, the quality of our sleep

النوم , , ’ ونوعية اليومية الحياة ونمط العمر ومنها عوامل عدة على يعتمدالجيني -and our genetic make وتركيبنا

up. ***********

How do we know if we are getting enough sleep? In general, if you feel drowsy during خالل , نعسان بانك شعرت إذا عام بشكل ؟ النوم من يكفي ما على نحصل باننا نعرف كيف

the day, you need more sleep. You may think that you are sleeping for long enough, , . , كاف ولوقت طويال تنام بانك تعتقد قد النوم من المزيد الى تحتاج فانك النهار

but these are some of the signs that you may need more: you cannot concentrate at school في : التركيز تستطيع ال النوم من المزيد الى تحتاج ربما انك على تدل عالمات يلي ما في ولكن

المدرسة or at work ,you find it difficult to get up in the morning, you are moody or irritable or

وسهل , , المزاج متقلب تكون الصباح في الفراش من النهوض في صعوبه تجد العمل في اواالثارة

الذاكرة في مشاكل .you have memory problems ولديك***********

So why is it important that we get enough sleep? Sleep provides our bodies with a chance بفرصة اجسامنا يزود النوم ؟ النوم من يكفي ما على نحصل أن المهم من لماذا إذا

to switch off. This allows us to recharge our mental and physical batteries and beولنكون . والجسدية العقلية بطارياتنا نشحن ان لنا يسمح وهذا العمل عن للتوقف

ready for each new day. If we have slept well, we should wake up in the morning feeling نشعر . , ونحن الصباح في نصحو ان يجب جيد بشكل نمنا إذا جديد يوم لكل مستعدين

alert and rested. People who have been deprived of sleep find it difficult to perform the تنفيذ . في صعوبه يجدون النوم من يحرمون الذين االشخاص والراحة باليقظة

simplest activities. For example, motorists who fall asleep at the wheel are responsible for يتحملون . , القيادة اثناء النوم في يغرقون الذين السائقون المثال سبيل على النشاطات ابسط

Soundsأصوات


الكلمات معانيEasily annoyed سهل

االثارةirritable Clear-headed / awakeيقظalert

renewيشحنrecharge Give all your attention to a subjectيركزconcentrate Not deepضحلshallow Not having any or enoughمحرومdeprived

Easily feeling gloomy for no good reason متقلبالمزاج

moody

37

37

1 -Qoute the sentence which indicates that different people need deffirent amount of sleep. ………………………………………………………………………………………………

2 -According to the second paragraph , there are two examples of sleepers .Mention these two examples.……………………………………………………………………………… .

3 -According to the second paragraph , How many hours of sleep do adults need a day ? .…………………………………………………………………………………………

4- Quote the sentence which tells the amount of time the babies need while sleeping.……………………………………………………………………………………………

5 -According to the second paragraph ,There are several factors control the amount of sleeping we need, mention them…………………………………………………………… .

.………………………………………………………………………………………………6- According to the third paragraph ,There are some of the signs which tell that you need

more sleep, write down two of these signs ...…………………………………………………………………………………………………

7 -According to the text , the writer thinks that adults need less sleep than babies . Is he justified in this ? Explain..…………………………………………………………… .

.………………………………………………………………………………………… 8 -According to the fourth paragraph , Why is it important to get enough sleep?

..…………………………………………………………………………………………… 9 -According to the fourth paragraph , What are the advantages of sleeping well?

..………………………………………………………………………………………… 10 -According to the fourth paragraph ,what happens if a driver fell asleep on the wheel?

.……………………………………………………………………………………………… 11-Write down the sentence which indicates thet shallow sleepers and deep sleepers wake up

differently…………………………………………………………………………………… .……………………………………………………………

12 -According to the fourth paragraph ,How do shallow sleepers wake up?..………………………………………………………………………………………………

13 -what does the under lined word " they" in the second paragraph refer to ? .……………………………………………………………………………………………

14 -Find a word in the fourth paragraph which means " renew " .


38

38

The end of village life? القرية حياة نهاية

When large numbers of people move from their homes in country areas to find better-ليجدوا الريفية المناطق في بيوتهم من باالنتقال الناس من كبير عدد يقوم عندما

paid jobs in towns and cities, the villages and farms they once lived in are often left يوم , ذات فيها عاشوا التي والمزارع القرى فغن والمدن البلدات في ماليا مردودا اكثر اعماال

تترك ما غالباempty. No one wants to buy homes there because they cannot make money out of them.

البيوت . . هذه من المال جني يستطيعون ال ألنهم هناك البيوت يشتري ان يريد احد ال فارغةThis phenomenon, which is called rural depopulation, can lead to overcrowding in cities

المدن , , في االزدحام الى تؤدي قد الريفي التفريغ تسمى التي الظاهرة وهذهas well as for fewer people in country areas .

االرياف . في الناس من القليل يبقى وكذلك***************

One example of this phenomenon is the Garrigues area of Spain, about one hour's drive بالسيارة , ساعة حوالي وتبعد اسبانيا في قاريقوس منطقة هي الظاهرة هذه على المثلة احد

from Barcelona. The area has a Mediterranean climate, but because it is high and not close قربها . , وعدم ارتفاعها بسبب لكن المتوسط البحر مناخ لها المنطقة وهذه برشلونه من

to the sea, winter temperatures are quite low. The area has an annual rainfall level of المطر , . هطول معدل ويبلغ جدا منخفضة تكون الشتاء في الحرارة درجة فان البحر من

فيها السنوي482mm which falls in only 47 days of the year, during the autumn and spring. Historically ,

في 482 ويسقط تاريخيا , , , 47ملم والربيع الخريف خالل السنه من فقط يوماthis was a successful agricultural area; on the higher ground, the farmers grew almonds and

و , اللوز المزارعون يزرع المرتفعة االراض في ؛ زراعيا ناجحة المنطقة هذه كانت and vines, while in the river valleys, wheat, corn, beans and sunflowers were the

الشمس , , , , دوار و والبقوليات والذرة القمح يزرعون االنهار اودية في بينما والعنبtraditional crops. The area was particularly well- known for its high-quality olive oil which

الجوده . ذي الزيتون بزيت خاص بشكل مشهورة تعتبر المنطقة وكانت التقليدية المحاصيل هيالعالية

was grown mainly for export. لغايات رئيسي بشكل يزرع الذي

التصدير*****************

The population of the area was at its highest about 150 years ago, when a typical village حوالي قبل ذروته في المنطقة سكان عدد النموذجية , 150كان القرية كانت عندما سنه

might have 500 inhabitants, whereas now some villages have as few as 100 permanent من يتجاوز , 500تتكون ال قليل عدد دائم بشكل يسكنها القرى بعض اآلن بينما 100مواطن

inhabitants. But as farming became less and less profitable, and unemployment grew,البطالة . , , وازدادت ربحا اقل الزراعة اصبحت عندما لكن مواطن

the population began to move to the cities to find work. This trend started in 1860 and عام . بدأ االتجاه وهذا العمل عن للبحث المدن الى بالرحيل السكان 1860بدأ

has continued to this day. Now some villages consist mainly of elderly people. The area والمنطقة . . السن كبار رئيسي بشكل تحتوي القرى بعض اآلن هذا يومنا الى واستمر

is suffering from the effects of depopulation, such as poor public services and desertedالمهجورة , والمزارع العامة الخدمات ضعف مثل السكاني التفريغ اثار من تعاني

farms.****************

In some parts of Europe in recent years, however, the move from the country to the الى , , الريف من االنتقال فان ذلك ومع االخيرة السنوات في اوروبا مناطق بعض في

city has been reversed as wealthy people move to the countryside to escape from the من ا ليهربو الريف الى المدينة من االغنياء الناس ان حيث انعكس قد المدينة

overcrowding, pollution and stress of city life. Some are moving permanently, but ولكن , , دائم بشكل يرحلون بعضهم ز المدينة حياة وضغط وثلوث ازدحام

many are buying holiday or weekend homes which are empty for much of the year.ايام معظم فارغة تبقى بحيث فيها االسبوع ونهاية العطل لقضاء بيوتا يشترون منهم الكثير

السنة .الكلمات معاني

Making money Profitableمربح

Empty because people have left

desertedمهجور

Transport ,education Puplic serviceعامه خدمات

Some one who lives ina place

Inhabitantمواطن

Adjective to describe RuralHaving too many peopleOvercrowding


39

39

1 -According to first paragraph , Why do many people move from country areas to the cities.…………………………………………………………………………………… ?

2- According to first paragraph ,why do people refuse to buy homes in villages or farms? .……………………………………………………………………………………………

3- According to first paragraph ,there are two results of rural depopulation . Write down these two results..………………………………………………………………………… .

..……………………………………………………………………………………………4 -According to first paragraph , what is rural depopulation ?

…………………………………………………………………………………………… 5- According to the second paragraph , Where is Garrigues area?

…………………………………………………………………………………………… 6- According to the second paragraph , Garrigues area has many features . Mention only

two features of Garrigues……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7- According to the second paragraph ,winter temperatures in Garrigues area are quite law for two reasons . write down these two reasons.………………………………………… .

..……………………………………………………………………………………………8- Write down the sentence which talks about the annual rainfall level of Garrigues.

……………………………………………………………………………………………… 9-According to the text the writer thinks that Garrigues was a successful agricultural area. Explain this statement .Justifying your answer………………………………………… .

..………………………………………………………………………………………………10 -According to the second paragraph , the farmers grew different crops on the higher

ground . write down two these crops..……………………………………………… . 11 -According to the second paragraph , the farmers grew different crops in the river

valleys . write down two these crops.……………………………………………… . .…………………………………………………………………………………………

12 -Quote the sentence which indicates that Garrigues famous for olive oil. ……………………………………………………………………………………………

13 -According to the third paragraph ,When was the population of the area at its highest?.……………………………………………………………………………………………

14 -According to the third paragraph ,there are two reasons for moving from Garrigues area . Write down these two reasons.…………………………………………………………… .

……………………………………………………………………………………………… 15 -Write down the sentence which indicates that the movement from the country to the

city has continued for along time..……………………………………………………… . ………………………………………………………………………………………………

16 -Write down the sentence which indicates that only old people live in some villages. ……………………………………………………………………………………………

17 -According to the third paragraph , Garrigues is suffering from effects of depopulation .Write down two of these effects .

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

18- According to the third paragraph , wealthy people move to the countryside for some reasons . Write down two of these reasons..……………………………………………… .

..……………………………………………………………………………………………


40

40

Capital Citiesالعواصم

The capital city of a country is very often its greatest city, with the largest population and سكانا , واكثرها مدنها اكبر تكون ما غالبا ما لدولة العاصمة

the most important administrative buildings. Capital cities house government offices, as well الحكومية . , المكاتب تضم العواصم االدارية المباني اهم وفيها

as embassies from other countries. They are also financial centers, containing national and المحلية . , البنوك على تحتوي مالية مراكز ايضا وهي االخرى الدول وسفارات

international banks and other financial institutions.المالية . المؤسسات من وغيرها والدولية

*************Amman is no different from other capital cities in this respect – it is the seat of

المجال هذا في األخرى العواصم عن تختلف ال مقر –عمان انهاgovernment and the economic and cultural centre of Jordan. Amman has the biggest

اكثر . فيها عمان لالردن والثقافي االقتصاجدي المركز وهي الحكومةpopulation of any city in Jordan and is home to about a third of the people -2.3 million

السكان ثلث لحوالي موطن وهي االردن في االخرى المدن من مليون 2.3 –سكاناpeople! Although many of the buildings are very smart and futuristic, the city actually

, ! حقيقة المدينة فان وحديثة جميلة مبانيها من العديد ان رغم شخصhas a history going back over 8,000 years. It was only established as the capital in 1921 ,

من اكثر الى يعود تاريخ عام . 8.000لها عاصمة اصبحت وقد ,1921عامالقديمة المباني من العديد فيها .but has many ancient buildingsلكن

**************Brasilia, the capital city of Brazil, is both similar to and different from Amman. Like

تشبه , , . عمان عن وتختلف تشبه البرازيل عاصمة برازيلياAmman, it is an administrative centre and contains the key political buildings and

السياسية , المباني على وتحتوي اداري مركز انها في عمانinstitutions. However, unlike Amman, Brasilia is not the major cultural or economic

االقتصادي . , , المركز ليست انها في عمان عن تختلف فهي ذلك ومع السياسية والمؤسساتوالمالي

centre of Brazil, and with 2.5 million people, it is home to only a tiny fraction of the huge سكانها , وعدد بالنسبة , 2.5للبرازيل السكان من قليل لعدد موطن وهي مليون

الضخم البرازيل سكان .Brazilian populationلعدد****************

Built in the late 1950s, it is a new city and has only been the capital of Brazil since 1960 .منذ , البرازيل عاصمة واصبحت جديدة مدينة وهي الخمسينات نهاية في برازيليا .1960بنيت

It took over from Rio de Janeiro, which remains a major economic and cultural centre, as عن بدال عاصمة اصبحت جانيرو وقد دي الرئيسي , ,ريو والثقافي االقتصادي المركز بقيت التي

well as having population of many millions more. Brasilia is a very modern city and حديثة . مدينة برازيليا المرات بماليين اكثر سكان وفيها

because it is so new, planners were able to strictly regulate its layout. It is divided into الى , . وتقسم محكم بشكل تنظيمها من تمكنوا المخططين حديثة وألنها

sectors, with specific zones for business, industry, government and residential areas.سكنية , , . ومناطق حكومية ومناطق والصناعة عمال لال محددة مناطق ذات قطاعات


الكلمات معانيClearly definedspecificمحددThe office of the representative..Embassy

سفارةA small a mountfractionجزءSupervise or controlRegulateينظ

مThe organization with...Institutionمؤس

سة A particular part of an areasectorقطاع

41

41

1- According to first paragraph, there are some features of capital cities . Write down two of these features.……………………………………………………………………………… .

..………………………………………………………………………………………………2- According to first paragraph , there are some financial centers in capital cities . Mention

two of these centers..……………………………………………………………………… . 3 -The writer thinks that Amman is no different from other capital cities . Explain this

statement. Justifying your answer.………………………………………………………… . …………………………………………………………………………………………………

4 -According to second paragraph, there are some features of Amman. Write down two of these features.……………………………………………………………………………… .

..………………………………………………………………………………………………5 -Write down the sentence which indicates that Amman is a very old city .

..……………………………………………………………………………………………… 6- According to the third paragraph, there are two similarities between Amman and

Brasilia .Write them down . .…………………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………………………………………

7 -According to the third paragraph, there are some differences between Amman and Brasilia .Write them down.………………………………………………………………………… .

..………………………………………………………………………………………………8 -According to the last paragraph, Brasilia is divided into sectors with zones for specific

purposes. Write down two of these purposes..…………………………………………… ...………………………………………………………………………………………………

9 -According to second paragraph, When was Amman established as a capital city?.……………………………………………………………………………………………

10- According to second paragraph, Amman is different from the rest of Jordanian cities. Write down two differences.……………………………………………………………… .

.………………………………………………………………………………………………11 -The writer thinks that some cities have larger population than the capital cities of their

countries . Explain this statement ,justifying you answer.………………………………… . ..………………………………………………………………………………………………

12- According to the last paragraph, When was Brasilia established as a capital city?..……………………………………………………………………………………………

13 -According to the last paragraph, What are the differences between Brasilia and Rio de Janeiro……………………………………………………………………………………… ?

..………………………………………………………………………………………………


42

42

Traditional crafts in Madabaمادبا في التقليدية اليدوية الحرف

Jordan has undergone a period of rapid modernisation in the last few years, with high-tech حديثة تكنولوجيا من الماضية القليلة السنوات في السريع التحديث من بفترة االردن مر

and high-rise buildings being built in its major cities, especially Amman. Yet it remains بقيت , . ذلك ومع عمان وخصوصا الرئيسية المدن في بنيت عالية ومباني

an ancient land that has enjoyed involvement and interaction with many different من كثير مع وتفالعل باحتواء تمتعت قديمة اراضي

civilisations over the last ten thousand years. االف العشرة مدى على المختلفة الحضاراتالماضية السنوات

************* Jordan’s historical importance means that there is a variety of traditional crafts practised

مارسها متنوعة قديمة يدوية حرف هناك أن تعني التاريخية االردن اهميةby skilled local artisans. Despite the fast pace of modernisation, there are increasing

في . , زيادة هناك التحديث وقع سرعة من بالرغم مهرة محليون حرفيونefforts by the state and by charities to preserve these wonderful traditions.

المدهشة التقاليد هذه على للمحافظة الخيرية والمنظمات الحكومات جهود.***********

One example of this can be found in Madaba, where an organisation has been set up to هيئة , انشاء تم حيث مادبا في عليه العثور يمكن ذلك على االمثلة واحد

help preserve the world-famous mosaics found there . These ancient mosaics are made القديمة . الفسفسياء وهذه هناك وجدت العالم في فسيفساء اشهر على الحفاظ في للمساعدة

صنعتwith thousands of tiny pieces of coloured stone or tile. They give us information about the

عن . معلومات تعطينا وهي البالط أو الحجارة من الملونة الصغيرة القطع االف منway people lived at the time, tell us about old kings and illustrate ancient maps and

قديمة , خرائط وتوضح القدماء الملوك عن وتخبرنا الوقت ذلك في الناس حياة كيفيةpictures of local events. They are very useful for historians.

للمؤرخين . جدا مفيدة وهي القديمة المحلية لالحداث صور . وتعطينا***********

Today, local people are taught how to make these mosaics for commercial sale. This وهذا , . تجارية الغراض الفسيفساء يصنعون كيف تعليمهم تم المحليون الناس االيام هذه

helps to educate people about the need to protect what is old, while also providing them ايضا , يزودهم بينما قديم هو ما على المحافظة الى الحاجة عن الناس تعليم على يساعد

With a living. ************* للرزق بمصدر

Probably the most ancient craft in Jordan is the creation of items made from clay. Madaba . ) مادبا ) الصلصال الطين من ادوات صناعة هي االردن في القديمة اليدوية الحرف معظم تقريبا

played a major role in trading pottery throughout Europe and the Arab world. Pottery was الفخاريات . العربي والعالم اوروبا الى الفخاريات تجارة في رئيسيا دورا تلعب

first made in the Levant over 8000 years ago. Historians have uncovered many examples من اكثر قبل المشرق في اوال االمثلة . 8000صنعت من العديد اكتشفو المؤرخون عام

of fine Nabataean pottery in both Jordan and the surrounding countries. Pottery is still زال . ما الفخار بها المحيطة الدول وفي االردن في الرائع النبطي الفخار على

produced in the same ancient attractive style by craftsmen at Madaba today, although من , بالرغم اليوم مادبا في الحرفين قبل من القديم الجذاب االسلوب بنفس ينتج زال ما

modern technology means the methods have changed slightly. Nevertheless, local artists


الكلمات معانيa soft material used for making pots and vases Clayطينhaving a special ability or talent Skilledماهر فنانيدوي

worker in a skilled trade )usually making items by hand(Artisan

فسيفساء

a picture or pattern produced by arranging together small coloured pieces Mosaic

objects such as pots and vasesPotteryفخار

43

43

1- According to paragraph one, there are two results for rapid modernisation in Jordan . write down these two results..…………………………………………………………………… .

…………………………………………………………………………………………………2- According to paragraph two, who wants to protect these wonderful traditions in Jordan?

..…………………………………………………………………………………………… 3 -According to paragraph three, How were the old mosaics made?

..…………………………………………………………………………………………… 4- According to paragraph three, mosaics are very useful for historians in many things .

Mention two of these useful things . ……………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

5- According to paragraph four ,What is the importance of mosaics to the local people?

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

6- According to last paragraph , what is the most ancient craft in Jordan ?

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

7- Write down the sentence which indicates that that Madaba was an in important pottery

trade centre in the region . …………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

8- According to last paragraph , where was the first pottery made and when ?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

9- The writer thinks that Pottery is still produced in the same ancient attractive style . Explain

this statement , justifying your answers . ……………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

15- what does the under lined word " them " in the third paragraph refer to

16- Find a word in the last paragraph which means " objects such as pots and vases "


44

44

Climbing Everestايفيرست قمة تسلق

Independence Day, may 25, 2008, was very special. On that day, Mustafa Salamehفي االستقالل مصطفى , . 2008ايار 25يوم اليوم ذلك في جدا خاصا يوما كان

سالمهMahmoud became the first Jordanian man to climb Mount Everest. He has now climbed

تسلق . قد كان وبهذا افرست قمة يتسلق اردني اول اصبح محمودall seven of the world’s highest mountains and so has joined an elite club. Apart from

وبعيدا . النخبة نادي الى انضم لذلك و العالم في جبال سبع اعلىexhaustion and a little frostbite, Mr.Mahmoud was in good health and very happy afterبعد , جدا وسعيد جيدة بصحة كان محمود السيد فان الصقيع عضات من وقليال االنهاك

the five-day climb. For much of the climb Mr. Mahmoud had been fighting extreme البرد . يواجه محمود السيد كان التسلق مدة لمعظم ايام خمس لمدة التسلق

القارصcold, strong winds, dizzying heights and dangerously low levels of oxygen, but he

ولكنه , , االوكسجين نسبة انخفاض وخطر المرتفعات ودوار الشديدة والرياحwas able to reach the top of Mount Everest and plant the Jordanian flag at the summit .

القمة على االردني العلم وغرس ايفرست قمة أعلى الى يصل امن . استطاعIt was very difficult, but he knew he had a great team supporting him and this helped ساعده , ما وهذا يدعمه عظيما فريقا معه ان يعرف كان ولكنه صعبا تسلقا كان لقد

him to keep going ********** على . . االستمرار

Mr. Mahmoud had begun the trip at the Everest Base Camp in Tibet and carried with

أخذ و التبت منطقة في ايفرست جبل قاعدة مخيم من رحلته محمود السيد بدامعه

him heavy climbing equipment, oxygen tanks, food and a Jordanian flag presented byهدية , , , له قدمه االردني والعلم طعام اوكسجين عبوات ثقيله تسلق معدات

His Royal Highness Prince Faisal. It was his third attempt at the summit, and heعلى . الثالثة محاولته تلك كانت وقد فيصل االمير الملكي السمو صاحب

وقد , القمه had been preparing for it for many months. The first try had nearly killed him and

تقتله . ان له محاوله اول كادت ولقد شهور لمدة لها تجهزthe second ended through illness. He knew it would be the hardest thing he had ever

قد . شيء اصعب ستكون الثالثة ان يعرف كان ولقد بمرضه انتهت والثانيةعمله

done and was nervous despite the fact that he was an experienced climber.ماهرا متسلقا كان انه حقيقة من بالرغم عصبيا كان . ولقد

************When asked why he had kept on trying, Mr. Mahmoud told reporters that he wanted

يريد , انه الصحفيين محمود السيد اجاب المحاولة في استمر لماذا ئل س� وعندماto inspire the next generation of Arab youth to believe in their "impossible" dreams.

المستحيلة باحالمهم يؤمنوا أن العربي الشباب من القادمة االجيال يلهم . انHis efforts were noticed at home, and King Abdullah donated sponsorship

بمنحة , له تبرع الله عبد الملك أن حيث الوطن في جهوده تقدير تم وقدmoney for the expedition. This sponsorship had allowed to give up his job and train

يتدرب . وان وظيفته عن يتوقف ان له سمحت المنحة وهذا لحملته ماليةfor a year to reach the very high levels of fitness needed to climb the huge mountain.

الجبل تسلق اجل من يحتاجها التي اللياقة درجات اعلى الى ليصل سنه لمدة


الكلمات معانيExtreme tirednessexhaustionانهاكGroup containing the best Elite نخبهmotivateinspireيلهمLong journeyExpedition حملهTop of a mountainsummitقمةInjury caused by coldFrostbite عضة

صقيع

45

45


46

46

Steve Fossett – a record record-breakerفوسيت القياسية –ستيف االرقام محطم

In 2002, Steve Fossett became the first person to travel solo round the world in a hot air عام ( 220في بالون ) منطاد في العالم حول منفردا يسافر شخص أول فوسيت ستيف اصبح

مليءballoon. His balloon , The Spirit of Freedom, used a mixture of helium and hot air and was

الساخن . , , والهواء الهيليوم من خليط استخدم الحرية روح المسمى منطاده الساخن بالهواء42 meters high and 18 meters wide. To keep it at a constant altitude, the balloon used a

وعرضه 42وارتفاعه المنطاد . , 18متر في استخدم ثابت ارتفاع على يحافظ حتى مترsophisticated autopilot system controlled by a computer.

الحاسوب طريق عن به يتحكم معقد آلي طيار ******************** . نظام

Fossett's journey started in Western Australia. From here, he crossed the Pacific Ocean,الهادي . , المحيط عبر هنا ومن الغربية استراليا في فوسيت رحلة , بدأت

Traveling in an easterly direction .on reaching south America ,he traveled across Chile and تشيلي . , عبر الجنوبية امريكا وصل وعندما الشرق الى متجها

down round Argentina. He flew over the Southern Atlantic Ocean towards South Africa, افريقيا . جنوب باتجاه االطلسي المحيط فوق طار االرجنتين حول , ودار

then over the Indian Ocean to reach Australia. استراليا الى ليعود الهندي المحيط فوق ثماخرى مرة

**************** This record-braking solo journey took only14 days , 19 hours and 50 minutes altogether,

استغرق منفردا للرحلة القياسي الرقم و 19يوما , 14هذا بمجملها 50ساعة دقيقة ,

but conditions for Steve Fossett were not comfortable. He only slept for four hours in every فقط . ينام كان مريحة تكن لم لستيف بالنسبة الظروف كل 4لكن ساعات

24-hour period , and never slept for more than 45 minutes at one time. Fossett frequently تتجاوز , 24 لم نومه ومدة متكرر . 45ساعة بشكل فوست اظطر لقد واحدة دفعة دقيقة

had to leave his tiny cabin to go outside , where air temperatures were below freezing, in التجمد , دون الهواء حرارة درجة كانت حيث للخارج ليخرج الصغيرة غرفته يغادر , ان

order to check that the balloon's burners were working properly. By the time heعندما . جيد بشكل تعمل انها من ويتاكد المنطاد مراجل يتفحص لكي

arrived in Australia, he had traveled 33,195km. , قطع قد كان استراليا الى 33.19وصل كيلومتر

****************Steve Fossett was especially pleased with this successful round- the- world journey as it

النها العالم حول الناجحة الرحلة بهذه خاصة سعيدا كان فوسيت ستيفWas his sixth attempt. On the journey, Fossett also broke the world speed record for a

سرعة . , في ايضا القياسي الرقم حطم فوسيت الرحلة في السادسة محاولته كانتmanned balloon flight : on one occasion the balloon traveled at 322.25 kmh . His first

قطع . المنطاد المرات احدى في مأهول وأول . 322.25منطاد الساعة في متر كيلوAttempt had been six years earlier in 1996. قبل كانت في 6محاولة سنوات

1996عام *****************

In addition to this record, Steve Fossett holds four other world records for non-stopاخرى , عالمية قياسية ارقام اربع يحمل فوسيت ستيف القياسي الرقم هذا الى باالضافة

توقف دون للرحالت

1- According to the first paragraph ,when did Mustafa climb Mount Everest? .……………………………………………………………………………………………

2 -According to the first paragraph ,why was independence day very special? ……………………………………………………………………………………………

3 -According to the first paragraph ,how many mountains has he climbed? ……………………………………………………………………………………………

4 -According to the first paragraph; Mr Mahmoud faced two difficulties. Write down these two difficulties.…………………………………………………………………………… .

.………………………………………………………………………………………………5 -According to the first paragraph , Mustafa had been fighting some difficulties . Write

down two of them..………………………………………………………………………… . ………………………………………………………………………………………………

6 -According to the second paragraph , Mustafa carried with him different things in his trip .Write down three of them .

..………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7 -According to the second paragraph ,who presented him a flag ? ..……………………………………………………………………………………………

8 -Write down the sentence which indicates how Mr Mahmoud's first and second attempts ended..……………………………………………………………………………………… .

..………………………………………………………………………………………………9 -According to third paragraph , why had Mustafa kept on trying ?

.…………………………………………………………………………………………… 10 -Quote the sentence which indicates Mustafa's behaviour before his third attempt.

.…………………………………………………………………………………………… 11-According to the text ,The writer thinks that Mr Mahmoud's efforts were noticed at home.

Is he justified in this ? Explain..………………………………………………………… . .………………………………………………………………………………………………

12 -According to third paragraph ,King Abdullah sponsorship helped him in two ways . Write down these two ways..……………………………………………………………… .

.………………………………………………………………………………………………

13- According to last paragraph, Musafa has got many achievements, mention two things

that he has achieved. …………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 14- Write down the sentence which indicates that Mustafa has got a lot of achievements.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

15- what does the under lined word " who" in the last paragraph refer to

16- Find a word in the third paragraph which means " Long journey "


The part of balloon which heats the air burnerمرج

ل

height altitudeارتفاع

A small room / compartmentcabinغرفهVery light gas heliumهيليومStaying the same / not changing

constantثابت

alone Solo منفردا

47

47

1-According to the first paragraph , What was the name of Steve Fossett's balloon?…………………………………………………………………………………………………2- According to the first paragraph , Fossett's balloon has some features .Write down two of them . ……………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………………………3- According to the first paragraph , what did Fosset use to Stay at the same height? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..4- According to the second paragraph , Where did Fossett's journey start? ……………………………………………………………………………………………..5- According to the second paragraph , Fosset flew over three oceans . mention them . …………………………………………………………………………………………….6- According to the second paragraph , Fosset flew over some countries . Write down two of them . ………………………………………………………………………………………….7- write down the sentence which indicates how long his journey took . ……………………………………………………………………………………………….8- According to the third paragraph , how long did his journey take ? ………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………… .9- According to paragraph three, there are two difficulties Steve Fossette faced. Mention them. …………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………...10- Write down the sentence which indicates the amount of sleep he has got during his journey . ……………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………11- According to the third paragraph , Why did Fossett Frequently have to leave his tiny cabin? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….12- Quote a sentence which indicates that Steve tried more than one time to travel around the world . ……………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………13- According to the fourth paragraph , when was fossett's first Attempt ? ............................... ...............................................................................................................................................14- According to the last paragraph ,Steve Fossett holds four other world records for non-stop journeys . Write down two of these records . ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

15- what does the under lined word " it" in the first paragraph refer to

16- Find a word in the first paragraph which means " Very light gas "


48

48

Built for safetyالسالمة اجل من مصمم

Road tunnels, through mountains or under rivers and seas, make car journeys shorter and اقصر , السيارة رحلة تجعل والبحار االنهار وتحت الجبال عبر االنفاق طرق

faster.Some of the long tunnels, like those through the Alps, were incredible engineering تصدق . , , ال هندسية انجازات كانت االلب جبال تحت االنفاق مثل الطويلة االنفاق بعض واسرع

achievements when they were first built. For example, the 11 kilometres-long Mont Blanc طوله . , البالغ بالك مونت نفق المثال سبيل على مرة الول بنيت متر 11عندما كيلو

Tunnel between France and Italy, which was opened in 1965, massively reduced journey عام , افتتح الذي وايطاليا فرنسا كبير , 1965بين بشكل الرحالت وقت خفض

times between the two countries. But in recent years, with the increase in freight traffic الشحن . , مركبات زيادة ومع االخيرة السنوات في لكن البلدين بين

using tunnels, there have been some terrible accidents.الرهيبة , الحوادث بعض وقعت االنفاق تستخدم . التي

************

So when planners were designing the 24.5 kilometre Laerdal Tunnel in Norway, safety البالغ ليدردال نفق يصممون المخططون كان عندما السالمة , 24.5لذلك النرويج في متر كياو

Was one of their main concerns. People have known for some time that the main factors العوامل . اهم ان الوقت بعض منذ الناس عرف اهتماماتهم اهم احد كانت

which cause accidents in long tunnels are tiredness and claustrophobia - a fear of being in والخوف االتعب هي الطويلة االنفاق في الحوادث تسبب االماكن –التي من الخوف

small spaces. Drivers caneasily fall asleep intunnels because the view never changes – تتغير . ال المناظر ألن االنفاق داخل في بسهوله ينامو ان ممكن السائقون المغلقة - الصغيرة

There is nothing to keep them awake. This can lead to accidents caused by vehicles driving تصطدم . مركبات تسببها الحوادث الى يؤدي أن يمكن وهذا مستيقظين يبقيهم شيء يوجد وال

into the sides of the tunnel. So experts, including psychologists, did research to find out ليعرفوا . , , ابحاث عملوا النفس علماء فيهم بما الخبراء فإن لذلك النفق بجوانب

how they could make the 20-minute journey through their new tunnel less monotonous � ملال أقل الجديدة االنفاق خالل دقيقة العشرين ذات الرحلة جعل يمكنهم كيف

.After experiments,they decided to build the tunnelin four sections with "halls" between حجرات , " تتضمن اقسام اربع الى النفق يقسموا ان قرروا التجارب "وبعد

them. The halls are wider and higher than the maintunneland have special lighting similar تشبه خاصة اضاءه وفيها الرئيسي النفق من واوسع اعرض الحجرات هذه

to a sunrise. The idea is that drivers will feel refreshed as they drive through the halls.بها . يمرون عندما باالنتعاش يشعرون السائقين أن هي الفكرة وهذه الشمس . أشعة

*******************

The halls have two other purposes related to safety: if there is an accident on the road الطريق : على حادث و�ج¡د إذا بالسالمة مرتبطين آخرين غرضين الحجرات ولهذه

ahead, drivers can turn round in the halls and return the way they came. There are also lay- . هناك , ويجد اتوا حيث من والعودة الحجرات حول اإللتفاف يستطيعون السائقين فإن امامهم

أيضاbys in the halls where drivers can stop and rest. The Laerdal Tunnel also has an efficient

أيضا . ليردال ونفق واالستراحة الوقوف السائقين يستطيع حيث الحجرات في استراحة مناطقفيه

ventilation system which responds to the amount of traffic in the tunnel. Air pollution is الهواء . وتلوث النفق في المرور كمية وفق يعمل فعال تهوية نظام

monitored by staff in a control room. في مختص طاقم قبل من مراقبته تتمالتحكم غرفة

What you can see from a place

viewمنظرUnbelievable Incredible اليصدق

Stop from going to sleepKeep awake يقظ يبقى

Cut down / shorten reducedمخفض

Lorries and vans carrying Freight traffic


49

49

1- According to the first paragraph ,Road tunnels are made in many places . Write down two of these places..……………………………………………………………………………… .

2- According to the first paragraph , road tunnels have two benefits related to car journeys . write down these two benefits……………………………………………………………… .

..………………………………………………………………………………………………3 -Write down the sentence which indicates that a certain number of road tunnels were

extremely unusual achievements.………………………………………………………… . ..……………………………………………………………………………………………

4 -According to the first paragraph , where is Mont Blanc Tunnel ..……………………… ?5 -According to the second paragraph , there are different reasons for accidents in long

tunnels .Write down two of these reasons.………………………………………………… . .………………………………………………………………………………………………

6- According to the second paragraph ,What was the main concerns for planners of Laredal

tunnel? ………………………………………………………………………………………..

7-Write down the sentence which indicates that it is easy for drivers to sleep in tunnels .

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

8- According to the second paragraph , there are some differences between the halls and the

main tunnel. Write down two of these differences . …………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

9- According to the third paragraph , the halls have two purposes related to safety . write

them down . ...............................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

10- Write down the sentence which indicates that some workers regularly observe the level

of air pollution in road tunnels .

…………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

11- According to the text , the writer thinks that monotonous journeys cause drivers to fall

asleep . Explain this statement , justifying your answer .

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

12- what does the under lined pronoun " they" in paragraph three refer to

13- Find a word in the second paragraph which means " What you can see from a place"


50

50


51

51


52

52


53

53


54

54


55

55

لغة انجليزية م4

Documents