5

:

23 24

2010

008: 001. 891 71 34

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( ); . ., , ,

( );

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. ( - : . - 23 24 , - 2010). : - , 2010. . 5. 668 .

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130.2

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Shevchuk D. Cultural identity and globalization.The article is dedicated to the problem of cultural identity in

epoch of globalization. The Author analyzes influence of global processes on local cultural conditions. He presents the most popular conceptions of global cultural market, macdonaldization of the world etc. The problem of connections between cultural identity and modern problems of transmission of cultural memory is also examined.

Key words: cultural identity, globalization, cultural market, macdonaldization, cultural memory.

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. , - , . - - .

: , -, , , .

, 2010

5 5.

- , -. , ( , [2]). - , - . . , , , , - , priori [6; 37]. , , , - , -.

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, , . . , - . - , - (. , . ). , , - , , -

6 .

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, - - -.

- , - , , . - , , (Gordon Mathews) [13]. , , - , , , - ( ). , : ?

, . - , , , -, . , , - , - , , , - .

, -, -, . -

9 5.

(market identity) , (market-based identity). -, , - , - , - -. , . - , - , - - , [13; 9]. - - [8], , - (tribalism).

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-

10 .

- , -, - , () () . , [3; 82-83]. , - .

, , ( ) - ( ). , - - , , , . , , - MTV, Macintosh, MacDonalds. [8]. , - - , . : ( - ), ( - , - ), (, - ), ( - ) [14; 11-15]. - -, , .

, , , - , . , - -

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. , . , . , , - , , - .

, , : , , , [13; 20]. . - .

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12 .

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, -, -. - , , .

. , - , . , -

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, , - , . , . , - . - , . , , - , .

- ? , , , , . , . , - , , - , . - -: ... -, . , - .

14 .

-, [ . .], , , [3; 88]. , -, , , - . - , , . - , . , - -: , - [4; 57]. , , - .

, - . , - -. , . , , . , . - - , , - . , - , -, , - -. , - - , -. , , - , . .

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008: 130.2:316.722

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Abrashkevichus G. The influence of intercultural com-

mu nication on the problems of identityThe author in the article analyzes identity theme in a context

of influence on it of intercultural communications. The urgency of a problem of identity, its many-sided nature in modern conditions is caused by that the social reality displayed by given concept, has started moving, leading to transformation of sights at definition by the individual of cultural identity.

Keywords: identity, self-identification, intercultural communications, cultural identity.

. - .

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: , -, , -.

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17 5.

, , , - , . . -, , -. , , - - , .

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- , -. - -, - . - , , , , -

18 .

, -. -, , , - , - .

, , -, , - . , - - [3].

, - , - -. , - , -, , -. , - . -. . - [4], - - , - . , - - - - . .

, , -, : ,

19 5.

, , , , -, , .

- - . - . ( identicus , ) ( identifico ) , - . - , , - , . - , . , -. , . - . , - . - () . -, , .

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, . -, (, , , -) [7, 78].

-, , - , - - , , , , .

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, , ,

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( ). , - , , , . - , , , . - , . .

- [10]. , - , , . - , , , , -, [11, 142].

, - -, - , - . , , , - , ..., - , -, [12], - . - . -

22 .

- . - . - , , . - - . , - , - . , - , . - , , -. , - , (-, , ).

, - , , - , . - - ?, - . - ? -, - , - . , - - , : , , , , , , ,

23 5.

. - (, , ) - , , - .

, -, - , , , . - , ... [13]. , . , , -, , - . - , - .

, [14] -, - . - . , - , , - , -.

, . , [15], -, . -, , , .

24 .

, , - . , -, ... [16, 39]. , - , - , -, .

-, , , - , , . . - , - , , - - , , , . ( ) - , - , , - . - - , , - .

-, , - . - - . , - . , . - ( ) -

25 5.

. , , , - . -, , - , [17], . , - -, , , . - - , - () ().

. , -. , -, , - , , , - , , , - . , , () , - -.

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, -

26 .

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316.344.7

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Vengryniuk H. Human in Poland and Ukraine: central and marginal.

In the article we demonstrate a person in Ukraine and Poland through the works of modern writers of these countries, namely Andrukhovych and Stasiuk, Deresh and Maslovska. While examining central and marginal situations where the representatives of both nations resided, we saw that there is no substantial difference between a person in Ukraine and a person in Poland. There is a difference in the place of a person in the society of each state.

Key words: marginal/central, a person, Europezation, integration, mentality postmodernism.

. : - .

, : . . , . . -. , -, , , - .

: /, , , , , .

, 2010

30 .

, , , , , , - , , - . , , - - , , , , -, , , , , . , -, , - . , -, , - , , . , , - . , . , : , , [1, 124]. - ' , , -, , -. . , - , - ' . , ( - ). , . , ' , , , , - [5, 101]. ' , , . - - : , [1, 71] ( ). - , , - . , , -,

31 5.

: , , , - [1, 3]. , , - : - , , , -, , ' [3, 107]. - ': ' . , [1, 125].

, -, , , , , , , . , , , -, . - , , , - 2001 - : , - . -. , , , - , , -, - -, , - , . - , ', . - - , - : - , , ,

32 .

, , , , - [1, 98].

, . , - , - , . - , - , , - , . - /-. , , - , , , - , , , -, . : , , , , , , , , - [1, 98]. , , , - . - , - , , , , -, , - . , , -, , , -, . , : , - . - , , - -. , [1, 75]. ,

33 5.

, , - . , , , , , . , , - .

- , , -. - , , , , . , , ( , , - ). , -: ( , , , ). , , - , , -, : - - [1, 33]. - , - : - , - ... ? , -. , . - , , , , - , , ... , , , , , , -

34 .

- . , - , -... . , , - , , -, - , , - ... , , ... , - , - [6, 1]. , - - . , , . - , , . - , , [1, 42].

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35 5.

, , . , - , , , , - , -, , -, - . - . - - . , , - . . [3, 107]. , , , -.

-, , , . - , , , - -, , - . , , , -, , , - , ' - . , - , , , , , , - ' -. , -, , , -

36 .

, - , , - , . - - , , , - , - . -, , , -, , , , -, , . , , - , , - ( , , ) - , , - . - -, , , , , , . - , , - , . , , , -, : -. , . -, -. - [1, 81]. , -, , - , , , , . , , , , , , [1, 9].

37 5.

, , - , , , . , , - , , - . - , : - . , . -, , , - , - , , [1, 13]. -, , , , , - , , , , . . - , , , , - . -, , -. , - , - , , : [4, 1]. , - , - . , , -, . - , , , - ; , , , . , - , , , , , ,

38 .

. , - , , , [8, 619]. - . - / [8, 619]. , - : , . , - , , [1, 14]. , .

, , , , , , , - - - -. , - , . - , , , , - - , . - -. , , . - . , , -, , - , - . , , - , , . -

39 5.

, , . , -, , - , -. . , , , , , -, -: , , - - [7, 17]. , , - - - , , - , [7, 52] . , -. , , , , . , [7, 154]. , - ? [7, 186]. -, . - , , , -. , - , . - -, , , . , , : - , - , - , - , . , , , , , [7, 18].

40 .

, 2002 , -, , , - . - , . , , - : : , , . , . , . , . , , . . , . , . , , , , . - , -, , , [7, 65]. - , -, , -, , - , .

, . , - , , , . , , - , . - , , [5, 57]. - . , , , , - , . -, , , , :

41 5.

-, , -, . -, [5, 189]. - - -, , , , . : , -, - , , , , . - : -. [2, 125] .

, , , , , . , - , , -. - , , , - . - - , , , . - , - :

? ? ? ? ? [1, 127]

42 .

, , - , , , -, , -.

:

1. ., . / , , : , 2001. 130 .

2. . , , ! / // . - : -, 2003. . 123 126.

3. . / // . -: -, 2003. . 106 109.

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5. . / . . : , 2006. 296 c. 6. . -

/ . : http://svitlytsia.crimea.ua/index.php?section=article&artID=57

7. . - - / . : , 2006. 286 .

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43 5.

316.422:17.023.36

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: (), , , , .

Rudenko . Innovation as the demonstration of the cultural identity.

The problem of innovation in the context of the creative potential of personality. Peoples needs and conditions as the origin of innovation. Creative work is a specific human way of perception and transformation of the reality. Creative activity of the personality is a precondition of the formation of the culture.

Key words: innovation, creative work, culture, progress, freedom.

. .

- . - . - . - .

: , , , , .

-- , - , . , -, , , , , - , -

, 2010

44 .

, . . -: ? - ? - . , . - - , , , , , .

- . - . , . -, - . . . , , , , -. . , - (, - ). - . , -, . . - . : - [4, . 168].

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45 5.

, , , - . , , , - . - . -, . , , - .

, . . - . - , , , . . , - , .

-, , -, . -. . , , -, . , , , , -, , , -. , , , - , , , . , . - , -, , , . - .

, , - . ' , , -

46 .

, - . -, , -, , -, - . . -, . , : - , , [3, . 90]. , , . - , -. , - . , : - , [1, . 141].

, - , , , - . - - - . , , - , , - . - , - -, , -, . , - : , - - , . - .

. , . . , , . , , . , -

47 5.

, - . , , - , , - .

- . - . - , , . -, , - . , , , -, , . - , - . . : - , , , , , - [2, c. 77]. - , -. , , .

:

1. . . , - : 2- . / . . . . : , 1994. ( XX ). . 1. 1994. 542 .

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48 .

130.2

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Chaus A. The strategies of identity in postmodern situation.

Identity problems in a postmodern situation are designated. The limiting intensification of a problem of freedom as a search and a reconstruction of norms and values in horizon self-actualization becomes characteristic feature of a postmodern. This new perspective of freedom is presented as an anthropological key to understanding of strategy of identity in postmodern civilization.

Key words: identity, postmodern situation, person, freedom, transition.

. -.

-. - - . - .

: , -, , , .

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- , - -, . . . , , (meta-recits), , - , , - , . , .-. , -

50 .

(diffrend) -, , - . -, , - . - , , - , .

, ( - ) , - , , . -, , - . , , , -, , , - - , , , , - -. , , - - .

, , - -, , , , : -, . , . . , , - , - . () -

51 5.

, - . - , - , , - , -. , , - , - , . , , , , - , .

- ( ), ( - ), , , - , , - , , -, , , . . , , - - , - , - .

52 .

930.85

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: , , , , -.

Yurchak N. Globalization and problems of cultural identification.

Consider the relevance of preserving cultural identity in conditions of globalization. Disclose the nature of cultural identity, its importance in human life to determine his place in the sociocultural environment.

Key words: globalization, cultural identity, cultural identification, socio-cultural space, originality.

. .

-. , .

: , -, , -, .

- , - .

, 2010

53 5.

-. ( , -, , , ).

- . - -, , . - -, - .

- - , , - . , - . - - . .

- , - .

, , -, , .

- . , . , - , .

- . .

54 .

, , , - , - , . - . - , - . .

. , :

1. . , .

2. . , , . , . - . , , .

3. . . - - .

4. . , - , - , - . , - .

, . , , (, - ) , -

55 5.

, - [3, 101].

. - - ; , , -. . , -, - , , .

- . , , -. - . - .

:

1. . : . . .: , 2000 136 .2. . . . . . . -

. . .: , , 2002 352 .

3. : . . / . . . . -, 2008 200 .

56 .

008

- -, - .

: , -, .

Kucher T. The youth culture and problem of identity.The article deals with new approaches to understanding youth

culture and of problem of national identity and youth culture and, reckoning development tendencies of modern European society.

Key words: youth culture, national identity, traditional culture.

. -.

, - .

: , , .

- -. - -. , - .

, - , -

, 2010

57 5.

, .

, : . , . , . , . , . , . , . , . --, . , . .

- - - , - . - , . , . -, . , . , . , . -, . , . , . , . , . -, . , . , . , . -, . , . , . .

- , -, , , : - , , . - . - ( . Limen , , , , ) [3; 185]. - . - - , - .

- : ( , ); ( - ), ( , ). -

58 .

, , -, , , , - .

- ( ), , - . - .

. , - - . - . , , . , , , - . , , . . - , - , -, , , [2; 94]. - , .

. : - : , . , - ( ). , -

59 5.

[4; 76], , .

. ( ), ( ) (, , , ). - , - , , , , - [2; 125]. . - : (, , - ) ... , (, , - ), - (, ) [4; 76]. , . : -, [], , - , ( ), , - , , - [4; 43].

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60 .

, , -. , -, . - , .

:

1. . . : - / . . , . . . : , 2003. 213 .

2. : . . : [ . . . . ]. . : . , 1999. 343 c.

3. . / . . . : , 2000. 125 .

4. . : / . . . : , 2004. 286 .

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130.2

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: , , , , .

Karavayev V. The problem of identity in postmodern discourse.

The report discusses the problems of identity in the context of postmodern discourse, examines some of the concepts of identity of representatives of postmodernism and the problem of identification paradigms.

Keywords: identity, crisis of identity, postmodernism, narrative identity, paradigmatic era.

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, .

: , , , , - .

- , - . - , - , . -

, 2010

62 .

- , . - : , , , - .

, - . , - , -. , - - . - , , , . , -. , - , , , , , . - . , .

- . - -. . , . Who needs Identity? , - [1, 6]. , - . , [1, 4]. - . . , . - , , [1, 6]. . - , , , - . , , -

63 5.

, , - , -. - -. , , - , , -. -, , - [3, 44]. . ' .

, , , -. , - , ' . - , - -, . - , - , . - , , . . , , . -, , , -, . (, ). , , - , - : - , - . : -, -

64 .

- . , , - , - , - , .

:

1. Hall St. Introduction: Who needs Identity? // Question of cultural identity. L., 2001. P. 1-17.

2. . , - // http://j2100.narod.ru/bauman1.htm.

3. .-. / . . .. -. .: , .: , 1998. 160 .

65 5.

141+236

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: , , , .

Mukha O. Strategies of bodily identification of human in contemporary world.

The author analyzes the difference between attitudes to the body in East and West traditions, marks six formats of relations with their bodies by representative of the west cultural tradition and shows inverse dependence on the spirit from the body which is very useful on the last years of XX century reading works of H. Ortega-i-Gasset, theorist of animation, and popular tendencies of somatic psychology.

Key-words: body, bodyness, spirit, selfidentification.

. - .

- , - , , - --, - .

: , , , -.

, 2010

66 .

, -. - - .

- . - , , ( , ), , , - , , [2; 317].

, , - . - , - , - . - , , , . - , . - . - - . , - , , - , - , . , , - . , - - ,

67 5.

, : -, . , - [4].

. - - : , - : , , . - , , , - . , , - [3; 196]. , - . -. , - . , . , . . [5; 44], , -. , - .

, - . . - , - . - , , - - , - , , [6; 417].

. , . - .

68 .

( ). , [1; 217]. - -, , , - (, ).

, , (. , . ), .

, . -- , - . - , () , - [1; 152]. - , - . , .

:

1. . . .: -, 2000. 387 . ISBN 5-7913-0047-6.

2. . . .: - , 2000. 416 . ISBN 5-87468-076-4.

3. . . : : . , 2003. 349 .

4. . . : : http://anthropology.ru/ru/texts/osika/porno.html.

5. . . , - // . 2006. 5. : . . 44.

6. . : / . . . . .: , 1998. 669 .

69 5.

316.75

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: , , , , .

Kravchuk M. The problem of identity in situation of globalization.

This report is devoted to the critics of traditional types of identity and analyzing of ideology like a base of identity. The ideology is considered as generalization and selection of values and metaphorical principles, which make possible creation of communicative scope. Thus, ideology is the factor that conditions the integration of heterogeneous elements and provides their identity with society.

The key words: a nation, a class, an ideology, a metaphor, a language play.

. -.

-, -. - , . , - , .

: , , , , .

, 2010

70 .

- . - -. - , , . - , , - , . - . , - , , , , - . , -, , - . - , , -, .

, - -, . , - .

-, - -, - [2; 65], , -, - , . - .

- , . -

71 5.

[1; 228], - . - . , , -, , -, , - - [1; 243]. - , , - . - , -. . - , , [3; 316]. , , . . , , - , - , - . - - , , -, , , - . , , , , - , , , , . - , - -- , - , - .

72 .

:

1. . . .: , 2004. 555 .2. . // .

.: , 1994. 700 .3. . . .: , 2005. 386 .

73 5.

:316.75:159.923.2

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: , , .

Boyko M. The sociological attitude in research of phenomenon of identity.

Genesis of scientific thought concerning development of concept identity is considered. Sociological and psychological approaches in identity research are compared there. Development of the sociological theory of identity within thou three scientific schools (symbolic interactionism, cognitives theory and phenomenology) is analyzed.

Key words: identity, social identity, identitet.

. - .

- . - . - : - , .

: , -, .

-, . - -

, 2010

74 .

, - , , . , . , - , - . , - - .

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75 5.

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76 .

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77 5.

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, . - , - , , . - - : , , , , , .

:

1. . . - // - : . , 2008. . 275-277.

2. ., . -. .: , 1995. 323 .

3. : / . . . . . .: , 2008. 456 .

4. . // -: , , . 2000. 3 . 166-170.

78 .

32

. , - -. , , - , - , .

: , , , .

Chuma B. Dynamics of national identity of the modern Spain and its representation in the Spanish historiography.

The article is devoted to modern Spain national identification character and state. It is stated that nowdays national identification of Spain is left uncovered/ In its basis has two protects that exclude each other similar to the situation, which occurred a century ago. Besides, the discussions based on national identification are believed to be helpful for other countries that transform broom authoritarian regime to democracy.

Key words: identification, Spain, authoritarian regime, democracy.

. - -.

- . - , - . , - , , - , .

, 2010

79 5.

: , , - , .

1998 . - . -, 100- . , - , -. - 1*, - . , - - , Fin de Sicle - Belle Epoque2**. , , - (, -, ), , .

, XX ., -. , , , - - . - , - , - -, . , , -

1 * 1998 . , 100- - [1].

2 ** Belle Epoque , - , : XX -, 2002 . -, XIX XX . [2, 28-01-2002].

80 .

, , - : .

. 19231931 ., , , - , . , - , - , 1929 . - . 1931 . - - . - , - , -, -. - , - , , - , , . - - - . , , (19361939 .) - (19391975 .).

-, - , . . - , - 1960- . [3, 723733].

, - , , -

81 5.

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3 * , - [4].

82 .

, - 1978 ., . - 1960 1970- . . , . 1977 . - - , 1982 . (), 1986 . - ().

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- : - [10; 11]. - , -, - , - . , , XX ., , - -

4 * - , 1984 . [8].

83 5.

[12]. - [13] [14], -, 18301930 . - , , . , , - - -. 1972 ., - [15], , 1994 ., [16], .

, . - , , -, -, , - 5*. , , - XX . 1898 . , - . , , , , - - 6**.

5 * , , - XIX XX . [17], [18] .

6 ** c- [19]. 1994 . , 650 , - bestseller, , 2001 . 200 . .

84 .

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, , , - . - - 18081996 .: , , [20, 11].

7 * , , : - . - 47%, - 25%; , , 18% 6%. , - , -, , 72% 52% [2, 22-11-2001].

85 5.

, - XX . . - 1970- . . - - . -, - - . - - , - .

, , , , - , , - 1990- .

1996 . , - , , (19962004 .). - ( - , ), - . - . 8*, , , .. 8 -

8 * - . , , . - , . : , - , [21].

86 .

2000 . , - , - , , -, , [3, 845].

- -. , . - . - , , , -, , , , - , -, [21, 5]. - , - , , -, , , . - -, , , .

. , 1997 . - , , , [22]. 2000 ., -, -, - [23]. , XIXXX . , , - : , - (XIXXX ) [3]. -

87 5.

, , - - (18081814 .) XX . - : XIX . [24]. - , - , . - , XVIXVIII ., - XIX . - .

, -, , - -, - , , . , - -, , , , [24, 533565].

XXXXI . - - , - . , - , - . .

, . . - . 10 1996 . , - , , . - ,

88 .

- , , [2, 11-10-1996]. 1997 ., , - - (1216 ). - , 1997 . - 9*. , , - - , - , - .

- , - 22 1997 . - - . , , - , [2, 28-10-1997]. - , - [2, 24-10-1997; 28-10-1997]. , 1998 . - , , , - , - [2, 03-12-1997]. - 1998 . ,

9 * , , . , , , , , - , - [2, 27-10-1997; 29-10-1997].

89 5.

, .

, - . - , -, - , , - , - . , . - , , , , . -, , - , . - , , , - - .

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2. El Pas. Madrid. : http://www.elpais.com/3. Jover Zamora J. M., Gmez-Ferrer Morant G., Fusi Aizpurua J. P.

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espaol: ideas y creencias en el mundo hispnico. Barcelona, 2001. Pgs. 294301.

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15. Tortella G. Los origenes del capitalismo en Espaa: banca, industria y ferrocariles en el siglo XIX. Madrid, 1972.

16. Tortella G. El desarrollo de la Espaa contempornea: historia econmica de los siglos XIX y XX. Mdrid, 1994.

17. Comn F., Martn Acea P. La empresa en la historia de Espaa. Madrid, 1996.

18. Villacorta F. Profesionales y burcratas. Estado y poder corporativo en Espaa del siglo XX, 18901923. Madrid, 1989.

19. Garca de Cortzar F., Gonzlez Vezga J. M. Breve historia de Espaa. Madrid, 1994.

20. Fusi J. P., Palafox J. Espaa 18081996. El desafo de la modernidad. Madrid, 1997.

21. Velasco Arroyo J.C. Patriotismo constitucional: una forma republicana de identidad colectiva // Virtu. Revista virtual de Filosofa Jurdica y Teora Constitucional. 1. 2007. : http://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/4016/1/RV01_JUANCARLOSVELASCO.pdf.

22. Espaa. Reflexiones sobre el ser de Espaa / Benito Ruano E. (ed.). Madrid, 1997.

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XIX. Madrid, 2001

91 5.

316.356.4

(

)

-, , , , -, . - 1991 - ( - ) . , , - , - . - , . - .

: , , , , .

Radzik R. Belarussian identity (with special regard to national aspect)

Belarusians identity is defined by various factors, especially their historical past, form of social structure, religious affiliation, degree of nationalization, and ties with Russian culture. Proclaiming independence in 1991 reinforced the processes of Belarusians identity secession from the Eastern Slavonic (sometimes dubbed Rusian) community. But the degree of nationalization of the significant part of the society, especially in rural areas, is still low, while the Russian language extends its influence, and Belarusians thinking in terms of strongly ideologized community is significantly weaker than their self-perception through the perspective of family and local communities. State is treated more as a social institution than as autotelic value. Cultural orientation towards Russia is far more pronounced than that towards Europe.

, 2010

92 .

Key words: Belarussian identity, civilizational affiliation, unity with Russia, attitude toward the EU, independence.

. ( ).

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93 5.

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96 .

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2 : : : , , . ?, %

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. . - - [5, 114].

97 5.

1 [3, 57]

: ?, % ( )

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2 [3, 58; 4, 32]

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?, %

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99 5.

), - , , - - . , , , , , - . -- , , - , . , () - , , , , . . , . - -, . .

17 1991 83% [9, 293]. - , 1991 , - , 69% - . 10% . 1992 52,6% , 30,7% - [10, 13]. - , , - , ( - , -) , , , .

, - - . : ,

100 .

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101 5.

, 69% , , - (, 97% i 3%) [12, 68]. 69% - -, -. , , , . , , - . - 1993 55,1% - , 22,3% , -, , 2008 : 21,5%, 63,3% [8, 35]. - , - .

- , , : - ? - 2006 (52% 46,1%) , 36,0% 41,3% [5, 36]. , - , : , - , 2007 [5, 36]. , , - , - .

, : , 2009 , , - 2009 , [4, 17]:

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5 , , - , , 2006 , . - , 2007 , , 2008 - , . , - , - . , - , , -, . - ( ), , - , . , 1996 34,6% - , , - , 2000 -, ( ) 36,7% [17, 99101]. - , , , . -, , -, - , - . -, , - (, ), - . , - , , -, , , -

105 5.

3. -, , , -, , , , -, - , , ( ) . , - , - , 1/4 ( -), 1996 1997 - 20% [17, 99]. , , , - .

, , , - , , , . - , - ( - ). , - ( ), - ( -

3 ( -) () , , , . ( - ), , , - , - .

106 .

, ). , , - , , , , , -. () - , , - (-, c ), - . . XX , , . , , ( ) . , , - . - -. , , , . - , , , ( ), , ( ), , , , , .

. , , . , , - i . , - , , , - -

107 5.

, , - , , , . - . , -, - . ( , ). , , - , , - -. , , , - .

, ( , -) , - , , - . - wishful thinking , - - -. , - , , : .

, , - , , , - () , (). , - ( -) -

108 .

(- ). - , , , - . (-, ) , , ( -: , - ). ( , , ) - , . , , - , . , - , , -, , - . - , -. ( - ), ( - ). , -: . - , .

:

1. . // - . 30.05.1993.

2. Smu kowa E. Bia oru! i pogranicza: Studia o j"zyku i spo ecze#stwie. Warszawa, 2002.

3. . . 3. 2006.4. . . 4. 2009 ( ).5. . 2. 2006.6. Za Bia oru!. Rozmowa z Andrejem Lachowiczem / Przeprowadzili M.

Nocu# i A. Brzeziecki // Ograbiony nard. Rozmowy z intelektualistami bia oruskimi. Wroc aw: Kolegium Europy Wschodniej im. Jana Nowaka-Jeziora#skiego, 2007.

109 5.

7. . . 4. 2003.8. . . 4. 2008.9. Mironowicz E. Bia oru!. Warszawa, 2007.10. . :

? // : / . . , 2003.

11. Huszczawa W. Ojczyzna pa#stwo Bia oru! w !wiadomo!ci mieszka#cw Bras awszczyzny // Studia Bia orutenistyczne. T. 4 ( ).

12. . . 2. 2006 ( ).13. . . 4. 2006.14. . . 2. 2008.15. . . 2. 2007.16. . . 3. 2009.17. Radzik R. Die Integration mit Russland im Bewusstsein der

weirussischen Bevlkerung // Annus Albaruthenicus. T. 7. 2006.

110 .

316.6

, - . , - , , - . - , - , .

: , -, , .

Wysocki A. From clash of cultures to dialogue of cultures. In article the connections between phenomena of clash

of cultures and dialogue of cultures are examined. The main theoretical works dedicated to the problem of clash of cultures are presented. The author gives examples and shows the importance of clash of the cultures. He also pays attention to the tolerant and dialogue aspect of clash of cultures. Author argues that these problems we can find in intercultural communications, education, and non-scientific relations.

Key words: clash of cultures, dialogue of cultures, cultural identity, cultural shock

. . -

. -, - , , - . - , - , .

: , , , .

, 2010

111 5.

[] , . - , - , , , - . - , - , [] . [] - - .

Piotr K odkowski [18, 312-313]

?

, - , - , 1. -

1 , , - - , .. , , ( -?) [23, 380]. , 1978 . , - - ( ) [24]. - , , , , - ( ) [24, 27].

, - , , , , . . ( ), ,

112 .

-, , - , , . , ( - ), ( ). . , - , -, : - , -, , - , , , - - , () [24,14]. , - , -, , , , - [ -. ..] , , , [24, 37].

- . G.N.Pitt-Rivers 1927 . , - . - , - , - [24, 32]. , , ,

; , , [38, 257].

113 5.

, , , [2; 10; 12; 25] - . [8], .

- : . , , : , , , , : (-), () , - , -, , , - , - . , - . - - , - , , -. , , - , , . , , .

, , , - . - , - ( , ) [21]. - . -, - , . -, - -

114 .

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, - -. - [24, 224].

-, - , -, , . , . - , , , , -, , , , - , - [31, 21].

, - , - . [3, 6, 11]. , : , - , -

115 5.

, - , , , XIX . [37, 159]. - Ralf Dahrendorfa: - . - , , - [7].

, - , : - - , -; 60- . - ; , - ; - - 90- . ., - [5; 9; 22; 29; 36].

. - , , . , , , - ; , - , - , - - ; -

116 .

( ), , - , , -, ; - , , - ; , , . , , -, , - - [9, 109].

-

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2 , , , , , , , .

117 5.

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3 : -, -. . [ 14].

118 .

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-

. - - [20]. , , - , - . - [33]. , , , , , - , - . -, , - , , , (-, ). - [27, 11]. - , , -, - , . - ,

119 5.

, , , , , . , , -, , , [17].

, , . - . , , , . - . : - , , - . , - . - - , , , , , , . . , , , [26, 9].

, , c - , , - , - [1; 4; 13]. - -, , -

120 .

. , .

, - - . , - , - , , , , . .

- - Culture Clash, c 1984 -. - . , - , . Culture Clash , , - (). , , , - , , -. . - Culture Clash, (theater of the moment), (performance collage) - (urban excavation) (forensic poetry) [15].

,

121 5.

IV (Unesco-Pro jekt-Schulen) 2002 : . , , , - -, , - . - , , , - , . , . 2001 - . [16]

, . - -, .

- - - , -. - : - [...], , , - . , , . [24, 298]; - - , - . [37,

122 .

159]; [...] - . - . , , , [28, 18].

- . , , . - , , , -, . , , - , - / - ( -). , - , , ( ), - , - .

, - . - , - -. -, . - , - -. - ( . [19; 35]). -

123 5.

- , , - [30].

, , - : , , , , , -, U ( ) . ., , - .

-

?

- , , - , . , , - , -. , -, , - , . - , - , , , , - .

. - - - , -

124 .

- , , . , , , - .

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kulturowych. Hiszpa#scy zdobywcy XVI wieku wobec Nowego *wiata. Bydgoszcz, 2001.

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: , , , , .

Maslova Y. Socio-religious aspect of constructing of stereotypic models of womans gender identity in printed mass-media.

The problem of constructing the models of modern womans gender identity in Ukraine is examined in the article.

Key words: gender, gender identity, appearance of woman, womans role, gender stereotypes.

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i , 2010

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, . , - - , . , , . - - , , , , - , -. - -. , , . - -. - - . - , . - , ? ( . 2004. 6-12 ), , - , , , ( ).

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130 .

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Cherniyenko V. Identity: from reification to reflection.The problems of globalization as acculturation and

capitalization of world economics and problem of self-identification of social subjects are examined. The Author pays attention to the main aspect of identity and connections to the global processes in contemporary culture.

Key words: identity, globalization, reification, reflection.

. : -.

, - , - . .

: , , -, .

-

- - . , - (), - . , -

, 2010

141 5.

. - , - . , . , . - . - . , - .

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378.183752

Natalia Rudenko

PSYCHOLOGYCAL STUDIES ANALYSE OF GENDER IDENTITY

Sociological and psychological approaches to the gender identity problem are studied.

Key words: gender identity, gender roles.

. - .

.

: , .

. - .

.

: , .

The gender roles we each carry out are highly individualistic, built on our biological and physical traits, appearance and personality, life experiences such as childhood, career and education, and history of sexual and romantic interactions. Each element influences perceptions and expectations. Gender-related experiences influence and shape the ways we think about others and ourselves including self-image, behaviour, mood, social advancement and coping strategies.

Many societies have strict rules about activities, jobs and appearances which are based on deep-seated ideas about what is appropriate for someone based on their gender. Gender performance refers to how people act and present themselves to the world based on their gender identity.

In the modern human sciences an identity concept takes a special place as it is practically equally used by psychologists, sociologists,

Natalia Rudenko, 2010

144 .

philosophers, anthropologists and culturologists. This phenomenon causes special interest due to the global transformations occurring in the society and in consciousness of every human as well. Changes, necessity of their studying and understanding provoked scientific interest of the Ukrainian psychologists to various aspects of gender identity as well.

Social factors which may influence gender identity include gender messages conveyed by family, mass media, and other institutions. In some cases, a persons gender identity may be inconsistent with their biological sex characteristics, resulting in individuals dressing and/or behaving in a way which is perceived by others as being outside cultural gender norms; these gender expressions may be described as gender variant.

If to analyze numerous definitions of gender identity, it is possible to allocate a number of general moments:

Gender identity is person's concept of self as being male and masculine or female and feminine, or ambivalent, based in part on physical characteristics, parental responses, and psychological and social pressures. It is the internal experience of gender role.

Gender identity is how people see themselves, whether masculine, feminine, or somewhere in-between. Gender role is how people present themselves in public in terms of gender. It includes the way people dress, speak, wear their hair, in fact everything that people say and do that indicates masculinity or femininity [3].

For most people, gender identity is consistent with their anatomic sex and their gender role (as when a man has an inner sense of masculinity and publicly acts in masculine ways) [1].

Representatives of almost all approaches studying gender identity agree that it is based on the comprehension by the person that he or she is connected with certain feminine and musculine standards. Gender identity can be transformed, vary throughout all human life. Still J. Mid affirmed that the person from a birth does not possess the identity, it is formed as a result of persons social experience, interactions with other people.

Psychologists believe human sexual identities are made up of three separate components. The first shows the direction of a childs sexual orientation, whether he or she is heterosexual (straight),

145 5.

homosexual (gay), or bisexual. The second is the childs style of behavior, whether a female is a homemaker-type and a male is a macho guy. The third component is what psychologists call the core gender identity. In most people, the three components point in the same direction but in some people, the components are more mixed [2, 3].

Gender identity emerges by the age of two or three and is influenced by a combination of biological and sociological factors reinforced at puberty. Once established, it is generally fixed for life. In spite of conscious attempts to reduce sex role stereotyping in the final decades of the twentieth century and in the early 2000s, boys and girls are still treated differently by adults from the time they are born. The way adults play with infants has been found to differ based on gender. Girls are treated more gently and approached more verbally than boys. As children grow older, many parents, teachers, and other authority figures still tend to encourage independence, competition, aggressiveness, and exploration more in boys and expression, nurturance, motherhood and childrearing, and obedience more in girls.

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The disappearance of the culture-ethnetical identification of Ukrainians who has been migrated from Poland to the western parts of the USSR was examined in the article. The special attention was spared to the attempts of the Ukrainians immigrants to stay in the orbit of Ukrainian national life.

Key words: Ukrainians immigrants, culture-ethnetical identification, culture-mass work, political education.

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Key words: ethnic identity, national identity, myth, European identity, Ukrainian identity, culture.

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