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NegationNegation

Introduction Negation in English is very simple and easy to learn .

Make of Negation

If the sentence contains an auxiliary verb or one of be verbs, we just add not after the verb or “ n’t “ for abbreviation .

If the sentence doesn't have neither an auxiliary verb nor verb to be, we write “ didn’t, doesn’t, don’t “ directly after the subject .

We use “ did “ when the tense is past simple, “ do, does “ when the tense is present simple .Do is used with “ I, you, we, they .”Does is used with “ he, she, it .“

Be verbs are “ am, is, are was, were .“

Examples regarding every tense aloneExamples regarding every tense alone: :

11 - -Present SimplePresent Simple: :

He plays football ___ He doesn’t play footballHe plays football ___ He doesn’t play football.. The reason is that there’s no an auxiliary in the The reason is that there’s no an auxiliary in the

sentence, so we just add “ n’t “ after the verb and sentence, so we just add “ n’t “ after the verb and delete “ sdelete “ s .“ .“

You teach English _____ You don’t teach EnglishYou teach English _____ You don’t teach English . . The reason is that there’s no an auxiliary verb The reason is that there’s no an auxiliary verb

the sentence contains; we add “ n’tthe sentence contains; we add “ n’t .“ .“

22 - -Present ContinuousPresent Continuous

He is playing football ______ He isn’t playing football .

The reason is the existence of the auxiliary verb which is “ is “, so we just follow “ is “ with

“ n’t .“

You’re teaching English ______ You’re not teaching English .

The reason is that there’s an auxiliary verb included in the sentence; therefore, we just

add “ n’t” after “ are.“

33 - -Present PerfectPresent Perfect

He has played football _____ He hasn’t played football .

The reason is that we have an auxiliary verb in the sentence which is “ has “, so we just add “ n’t “ after it .

I have taught English ______ I haven’t taught English.

The reason is that we have the auxiliary verb “ have “, as a result, we just add “ n’t “ after it .

44 - -Present Perfect ContinuousPresent Perfect Continuous

He has been writing a letter for two hours . He hasn’t been writing a letter for two hours . The reason is that we have an auxiliary verb

which is : “ has “, so we just add “ n’t “ after it.

I have been having lunch. I haven’t been having lunch .

The reason is, simply, that we have an auxiliary verb named as “ have “, so we just add “ n’t “ after it . .

55 - -Past SimplePast Simple

He played football ____ He didn’t play football .The reason is that there’s no an auxiliary in the sentence, there’s a verb instead. So, we just add “ n’t “ to the verb with the simple present form .

He taught English ____ He didn’t teach English .

The reason is that there’s no an auxiliary in the sentence, there’s a verb instead. So, we just add “ n’t “ to the verb with the simple present form.

6 -Past Continuous

He was playing football _____ He wasn’t playing football .

The reason is that there’s an auxiliary verb included in the sentence which is “ was “, so we just add “ n’t “ after it .

You were watching T.V when she cried.You weren’t watching T.V when she cried .

The reason is that there’s an auxiliary verb included in the sentence which is “ were “, so we just add “ n’t “ after it.

77 - -Past PerfectPast Perfect

He had played football before his leg was broken . He hadn’t played football before his leg was broken .

The reason is simply because we have an auxiliary verb which is “ had “, so we just add “ n’t “ after it .

He had studied English before the electricity went off .

He hadn’t studied English before the electricity went off .

The reason is simply because we have an auxiliary verb which is “ had “, so we just add “ n’t “ after it.

88 - -Past Perfect ContinuousPast Perfect Continuous

He had been studying English for two years before he got the job .

He hadn’t been studying English for two years before he got the job.

Here, we have an auxiliary verb which is : had, so we just follow it with “ n’t.“

9 -Future Simple

He will go to school now ____ He won’t go to school now.

We have an auxiliary verb called “ will “, so we just follow it with “ n’t “, and it becomes “ won’t .“

10 -Future continuous He will be sleeping _____ He won’t be sleeping .

We have an auxiliary verb called “ will “, so we just follow it with “ n’t “, and it becomes “ won’t.“

1010 - -Future PerfectFuture Perfect

I will have perfected my English by the time I come back from the U.S .

I won’t have perfected my English by the time I come back from the U.S .

The reason is that I have already got “ will “ as an auxiliary verb; therefore, we just add ‘ n’t “ after it .

1111 - -Future Perfect ContinuousFuture Perfect Continuous

I will have been waiting for two hours when her I will have been waiting for two hours when her plane arrivesplane arrives..

Here, we have “ will “, so we just write “ n’t “ after Here, we have “ will “, so we just write “ n’t “ after itit . .

1212 - -Future in the PastFuture in the Past He would go _____ He wouldn’t go .

There’s an auxiliary; we just follow it with “ n’t.”

With verb to beWith verb to be

He is a hero _______ He isn’t a heroHe is a hero _______ He isn’t a hero . . “ “ is “ is a type of verb to be; therefore, we just is “ is a type of verb to be; therefore, we just

write “ n’t “ after itwrite “ n’t “ after it..

With AuxiliariesWith Auxiliaries I can go _______ I can’t goI can go _______ I can’t go . .

I should go ____ I shouldn’t goI should go ____ I shouldn’t go . .

We just follow the auxiliaries with “ n’tWe just follow the auxiliaries with “ n’t.“ .“

Negation in order

Don’t worry .Don’t eat this .Don’t be stupid .We just add “ n’t “ after do .

Negation by using never . He teaches English _____ He never teaches

English .Have no

I have no pen . He has no car.

Negate the following sentencesNegate the following sentences -: -:

He will go to school tomorrow. He can play football very well .

He has a car . He has being studying for a long time .

He cleans his car every day . I’m going to go to the U.S .

They are very naughty students .

ByByTalab Naser Talab Hamoda Talab Naser Talab Hamoda

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