Korean War

1950~1953

김회연 , 이서영 , 한승연 ,김소현 , Betsy Yan, 설미선

INDEX

Ⅰ. Background of Korean War

Ⅱ. Process of Korean War

Ⅲ. Effects of Korean war

Ⅳ. Intervention of International Organiza-tion

Ⅴ. Reasons of intervention

Ⅵ. Activities of International Organiza-tions

Ⅶ. Effectiveness of intervention

Background ofKorean War

The Soviet Union

The United States

Surrender of Japan

World War II(the Pacific War)

Countries involved in the Korean War

THE "NORTH KOREAN" SIDE CONSISTED OF

Democratic Peo-ple's Republic of Korea

People's Republic of China

The Soviet Union

THE "SOUTH KOREAN" SIDE CONSISTED OF

Republic of Korea Australia Belgium Canada Colombia Ethiopia France Greece Luxembourg Netherlands New Zealand Philippines South Africa Thailand Turkey United Kingdom United States

Process of Korean War

(1) After the surrender of the Empire of Japan in September

1945

Communist govern-ment

Right-wing govern-ment

38th par-allel

(2) The more tension the more Cross-border skirmishes and raids at the 38th Parallel persisted.

(3) The situation escalated into open warfare when North

Korean forces invaded South Korea on 25 June 1950.

(4) Korean war is deepened.

(6) The fighting ended on 27 July 1953, when the

armistice agreement was signed.

Effects of Korean War

Negative things

Demolishment of facilities Social damage to Korea

Intervention of International Organiza-tions

<1>UN(United Na-tions)

Founded year : in 1945 after World War II Headquarters : New York Member’s of organization : 192 countries Purpose

to replace the League of Nations to stop wars between countries to provide a platform for dialogue

Activities promoting and facilitating cooperation

international law and security economic development human rights and civil liberties, political freedoms democracy achievement of lasting world peace

Reasons of intervention

1) Real reason (international situation)

Cold war system (conflict between capitalism and communism)

commu-nism

Soviet Union

China (became communist in 1949, by Mao’s China)

North Korea …

US

UN

South Korea

…

- UN worried to lose power of capitalist states

- UN realized that geographical position of the Korean Peninsula is important strategic position

To UN, Korean War was a complicated issue

Successfully deal with Korean War? or Lose credibility?

capital-ism

Reasons of intervention

2) Ostensible reason

to repel the attack and restore peace and security

Activities

Activities of UN

① Military intervention

- the Security Council’s resolution that enter in war - foundation of the UN forces - a cease-fire agreement

② Restoration after war

- emergency aid of organization

1950. 6. 25

The UN Security Council announced ‘The United Nations Security Council Resolution 82’

- regulated the North’s attack as a breach of the peace

- called for an immediate cessation of hostilities

and for the authorities in North Korea to withdraw their armed forces to the 38th parallel

Activities of UN ① Military intervention

Activities of UN ① Military intervention

6. 27

The UN Security Council adopted ‘The United Nations Security Council Resolution 83’

The Council further recommended that all members providing military forces and other assistance to The Republic make these forces and assistance available to a unified command under the United States of America.

Activities of UN ① Military intervention

7. 7

The Security Council adopted ‘The United Nations Security Council Resolution 84’

The Council then requested that the United States designate the commander of such forces and said authorized commander to use the Flag of the United Nations at his discretion

‘ It is under the command of the US government that set of a United Nations Joint Command and military force aid of a

UN members by the United Kingdom and France‘

Activities of UN ① Military intervention

7. 7

- Douglas MacArthur was designate commander in chief, UN force by adopting the joint of resolution

- Decided of dispatch UN troops

- Sixteen member states would provide troops un-der a United Nations Joint Command

- The UN troops started to enter in a war

America

the United King-dom

Canada

New Zea-land

Thailand

Australia

Turkey

Netherlands

the Philippines

South Africa

Greece

France

Ethiopia

Colombia

Luxemburg

Belgium

Combatant nations (16)

Sweden

Italy

Nations ofproving medical treatment

(5)

Norway

Denmark

Indonesia

Activities of UN ① Military intervention

9. 15~28 Amphibious assault at Inchon (Battle of Inchon) commanded by an

American general, Douglas MacArthur

Battle of Inchon

Incheon, South Korea, Yellow Sea

- The US Army and marine forcesoccupied Wolmi-do and then dominated Incheon rapidly

- Results• Decisive victory of United Nations and Korean Army • The Korean Army recaptured Seoul• Beginning of counterattack by United Nations and Korean

Army

Soldiers who landing in Incheon 

Activities of UN ① Military intervention

9. 28

The UN forces & the South Army recaptured Seoul

10. 1

They broke through the 38th parallel and ad-vanced

toward the Amnokgang

Activities of UN ① Military intervention

1953. 7. 27

The UN troops and North Korean army made a cease-fire agreement (military armistice agreement of Korea)

ceasefire line(Military Demarcation Line)

Activities of UNKRA ② Restoration after war

UNKRA (United Nations Korean Reconstruction Agency)

- launched on December, 1950 by the General Assembly resolution

1953 ~

- UNKRA provided relief supplies and helped South Korea to reconstruct industrial, housing, transportation, communi-cation facility etc.

Activities of UNICEF ② Restoration after war

UNICEF(United Nations International Children's Emergency

Fund)

- launched on December, 1946 - headquarter : in New York

UNICEF started emergency-aid for children and women when war was broke out.

Providing food for refugees and giving them vaccination to prevent the contagious disease, UNICEF cooperated with private organizations to provide milk powder, blan-ket and clothing to refugees

<2>Activities of World Vision

World Vision - launched in 1950 by Dr. Bob Pierce to help children orphaned

1953~ To provide long-term, ongoing care for children in crisis,

World Vision developed its first child sponsorship pro-gram in Korea

As children began to flourish through sponsorship in Ko-rea, the program expanded into other Asian countries and eventually into Latin America, Africa, Eastern Eu-rope and the Middle East.

South Korea was saved in a great crisis

South Korea regained its independence

South Korea kept capitalism system and devel-oped

South Korea continued to be supported by America

Effectiveness of inter-vention

Reference

www.wikipedia.org http://titicat.egloos.com/v/3311218 http://www.uniedu.go.kr/uniedu/BbsA

rticleHome.do?cmd=readArticle&articleDTO.atclSn=113&articleDTO.bbsCd=UNIQNA

http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EC%B2%9C_%EC%83%81%EB%A5%99_%EC%9E%91%EC%A0%84

http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/unKorea/developmentAssistance.do

Thank you~

Q&A