( היה במקור אביזר לבוש מעוטר Netsukeנטסקה )

ומגולף, שנקשר בשרוך לחפצים אחרים. חפצים אלו

דבר תלוי( כוללים Sagemonoהמכונים סאגמונו );

( לחותם ולתרופות, נרתיקי טבק, Inroקופסאות אינרו )

ארנקים, קופסאות לכלי כתיבה ועוד. הבגד היפני

המסורתי, הקימונו, הוא גלימה ללא כיסים הנקשרת

בעזרת אבנט רחב סביב המותניים. את הנרתיקים השונים

נשאו קשורים בשרוך שהושחל מתחת לחגורה. הנטסקה,

הקשור בקצהו השני של השרוך, היה מונח תלוי מעל

.האבנט. ייעודו היה מניעת החלקתם של אותם חפצים

מצגת זו היא המצגת השנייה בנושא, ואנו ממליצים לאלה שלא צפו במצגת הראשונה

לצפות בה בתחילה:

http://www.clarita-efraim./NetsukeOkimono.pps

בתחילתו היה הנטסקה )נה - שורש, טסקה -

להדק(, כפי שמשתמע משמו, חפץ שימושי

פשוט מאוד. פיסת שורש, במבוק, או עצם ובה

חור להשחלת החוט. עד מהרה זכה פריט זה

לתשומת לב אמנותית והיה לפסלון שמשתקפים

בו נושאים הלקוחים מכל תחומי החיים.

הנטסקה היה בשימושם של גברים מכל

, אך הגיע לשיא 16המעמדות החל מהמאה ה-

(.1868-1603פריחתו בתקופת אדו )

Every traditional Japanese art and technique

developed from competition between Eastern and

Western Japan, while establishing their own unique

forms. Netsuke are no exception. While the Kyoto

School in the West had a gracious character

reflecting the capital's elegant atmosphere, the Edo

School in the East placed higher value on

stylishness and minute design details.

A Foreigner Carrying on Octopus ・ Unsigned ・Ivory

Fukurokuju , as turtle - wood, Shumin; fukurokuju and turtle are both associated with longevity

In Japan, Fukurokuju ) 福禄寿 ( )from Japanese fuku, "happiness"; roku, "wealth"; and ju, "longevity"( is one of the Seven Lucky Gods in Japanese mythology. It has

been theorized that he is a Japanese assimilation of the Chinese Three Star Gods )Fulushou( embodied in one deity. Most related in appearance to the Chinese

star god Shou, he is the God of wisdom and longevity

Benkei and Yoshitsune : wood, Shoko.

Saitō no Musashibō Benkei ) 西塔の武蔵坊弁慶 ?, 1155–1189(, popularly called

Benkei, was a Japanese warrior monk

)sōhei( who served Minamoto no

Yoshitsune. He is commonly depicted as

a man of great strength and loyalty, and a

popular subject of Japanese folklore.

19th century stained elephant ivory Netsuke depicting a seated monkey trainer and monkey. Nicely carved with fine surface detail. Trainer wears a kimono with a hooded outer wrap fastened

at the neck like a cloak. Both figures are decorated on the arms and back with geometric designs. Both figures engage the viewer, while the monkey leans affectionately on its master's shoulder, accenting the relationship between human and simian. Carving is skilled, with subtle

details and well defined facial features.

daikoku

Daikokuten, the god of great darkness or blackness, is

one of the Seven Gods of Fortune. Daikokuten evolved

from the Hindu deity, Shiva .

The god enjoys an exalted position as a household deity

in Japan. Daikoku's association with wealth and

prosperity precipitated a custom known as fuku-nusubi,

or "theft of fortune". This custom started with the belief

that he who stole divine figures )gods and goddesses(

was assured of good fortune, if not caught in the act of

stealing. In the course of time, stealing divine images

became so common a practice in Japan that the Toshi-

no-ichi or the "year-end-market" held in the Asakusa

Kannon temple became the main venue of the sale and

disposal of such images by the fortune-seekers

Seven Gods of Good Luck

From left to right: Soldan Sağa Hotei, Juroujin, Fukurokuju, Bishamonten, Benzaiten, Daikokuten, Ebisu

The Seven Gods of Fortune (Shichi Fukujin), refer to the seven gods of good fortune in Japanese mythology and folklore. They are often the subject of netsuke carvings and other

representations.

Many figures in Japanese myth were transmitted from China (some having entered China from India), including all of the Seven Lucky Gods except Ebisu. Another god, Kichijōten, goddess of happiness, is sometimes found depicted along with the seven traditional gods,

replacing Jurōjin, the reasoning being that Jurōjin and Fukurokuju were originally manifestations of the same Taoist deity, the Southern Star. However, as is often the case in

folklore, Japanese gods sometimes represent different things in different places.

Daikoku carving rat: wood and ivory, Tokoku; rat is associated with Daikoku

Ebisu with fish )sea bream(: ivory, Shuzan

, , הוא אל הדייגים אביסו במיתולוגיה היפניתהמזל הטוב והפועלים. שימש כאל המשגיח על בריאותם של הילדים, השומר על הבית ודואג

.לרווחת דייריו, שבעת אלי המזלאחד מ הירוקו, נקרא גם

.והיחיד מביניהם שמקורו ביפן

IVORY NETSUKE Early 20th Century By Tokoku. In the form of Daikoku with a treasure sack. Various inlays. Inlaid signature

plaqueDaikoku, in Japanese mythology, one of the Shichi-fuku-jin )Seven Gods of Luck(; the god of wealth and

guardian of farmers. He is depicted in legend and art as dark-skinned, stout, carrying a wish-granting mallet in his right hand, a bag of precious things slung over his back, and sitting on two rice bags. Rats

are sometimes shown nibbling at the rice, further emphasizing the theme of prosperity

Okame shaving Fukurokuju 's )tall/long ( head: wood, Sosui; sexual reference

Tanuki with sake bottle: wood, Tomokazu

As the tanuki, the animal has been significant in Japanese folklore since ancient times. The

legendary tanuki is reputed to be mischievous and jolly, a master of disguise and shapeshifting, but somewhat gullible and absentminded. It is also a

common theme in Japanese art, especially statuary.

Ivory dragon netsuke, Edo period

Wooden netsuke depicting a house with a bridge and tree with large

cones, figures on the bridge and in a room. Netsuke has a movable part

as a frog/snake pops out at the bottom of the house. Two cord-holes, one underneath leading

through to back. Marked underneath

Netsuke depicting a house

Red coral netsuke with applique figure of a warrior with bow on horseback. Metal hook at back.Netsuke with applique figure of a warrior

Takebayash i: one of 47 Ronin( Chushingu ra, Noh play ;)ivory; Yasuaki

ארבעים ושבעה הרוניןהסמוראים הנודדים , נקמת הדם באקו, הסמוראים47, מוכר גם בשמות הרונין47סיפורם של

הינו אב טיפוס לסיפור יפני. הסיפור תואר על ידי מלומד יפני כ"אגדה תקרית גנרוקו אקו ומאקולאומית" המתארת את המקרה המפורסם ביותר הכרוך בקוד הכבוד של הסמוראי, הבושידו.

me )-kozo(- sent by Emma-O to kill Minamoto no Yorimitsu, three eyes,

riding a winged mokugyo )Masamitsu (

מינאמוטו . תקופת הייאן של ביפן הקיסר הקרוב למשפחת שבט היה שבט מינאמוטו היה שם משפחה אשר הוענק כתואר כבוד מהקיסר לבניו ונכדיו אשר לא עמדו בתור

. את תוארו לרשת

Oni- 3-fingered , 3-toed smallish demons, hiding under hat to avoid beans, Ivory, Meigyokusa i

Oni ) 鬼 ( are creatures from Japanese folklore, variously translated as demons, devils, ogres or trolls. They are popular characters in Japanese art, literature and theatre.

See-hear-s peak no evil monkeys )ojime and netsuke(, ivory, Kaigyokusa i

Rats and Daikoku's hammer: wood, Masakazu

Rat gnawing on a root vegetable. Ivory with eyes inlaid in dark buffalo horn. Signed 'Ko'. Kyoto, c.1820..

Piebald rat gnawing on its tail. Ivory, eyes originally inlaid in dark buffalo horn. c.1880. Height 2.8cm.

שכבה שלמה של אמנים מוכשרים להפליא, שבדרך כלל כל אחד מהם התמחה ביצור סוג ספציפי של

נטסקה, ובכך אנו שומעים על אמן שהמשפחה שלו מפסלת חולדות ביפן זה שלושה דורות. אך ורק

חולדות.

Sneezer- wood, Gyokkei

"יום אחד ניגש מר פיליפ סישל אל יפני אחד שישב על סף ביתו וחרט חריצים בנצקה. מר סישל שאל אותו אם יסכים למכור את הפסלון... כאשר יהיה מוכן. היפני החל לצחוק, ולבסוף אמר לו שהעבודה

אז הוא הראה לו נצקה אחר, שהיה מחובר לחגורתו, והצהיר שהכנתו ;תימשך עוד כשמונה-עשר חודשיםנמשכה כמה שנים. בהמשך השיחה בין שני הגברים, התוודה האמן החובב בפני מר סישל והוא אמר

שהוא "אינו עובד כך באופן רציף... שעליו להיות שרוי בתהליך... שהדברים קורים רק בימים מסויימים... כשהוא מרגיש עליז ורענן, אחרי שהוא מעשן מקטרת או שתיים". ביסודו של דבר הוא הבהיר לו שלצורך

העבודה הזאת. נחוצות לו שעות של השראה." )הארנבת עם עיני ענבר, אדמונד דה ואל(

, בתקופת של 19בשנות השבעים של המאה ה

פוניסם" (הערצת התרבות 'פריחת ה"ז

והאמנות היפנית) בצרפת, על כל סוגיה, היה

ברשות האחים סישל חנות למכירת דברי

אמנות יפנים, ופיליפ סישל שהה זמן ממושך

בטוקיו, רכש דברי אמנות, בדים, קימונו,

, ושלחם 'ציורים, הדפסי עץ, נטסקות וכו

לחנותם שבפריס, שאחיו היה מנהל.

Geisha- ivory, Ryushi Geisha- wood, Gyokuso

Ono-no-kom achi, wood, Shugetsu

Netsuke: Hanging scroll with image of Shôki and demons, 19th centuryIvoryShôki, the demon queller, is a Chinese legendary figure who passed the imperial examinations yet was denied an official appointment. The anguished Shôki purportedly killed himself on the steps of the imperial palace. After learning of his tragic situation, the Chinese emperor ordered an official burial for this scholar. In appreciation of the emperor's acknowledgment, Shôki promised to quell evil demons from the realm. In his Japanese manifestation, Shôki appears in a Chinese scholar's cap and robe, often with demons underfoot or cavorting nearby. His image adorns banners hung in celebration of the Boys' Day festival (Tango no Sekku) in order to ward off evil spirits and protect the homes of families with male children.

Here brandishing a sword over the head of a cowering demon, Shôki threateningly emerges from the hanging scroll on which he is depicted. Shôki's sword pierces through to the back of the scroll, where another demon shields himself from the tip of the blade. The carver's signature and seal appear on the back of the scroll.

Snake on skull- wood, Sukenao

Nue ivory

A nue ( 鵺 ) is a legendary creature found in Japanese folklore. It is described as having the head of a monkey, the body of a raccoon dog, the legs of a tiger, and a snake as a

tail. According to the legend, a nue can metamorphose into a black cloud and fly. Due to its appearance, it is sometimes referred to as a Japanese chimera. Nue are supposed to

be bringers of misfortune and illness.

Scribe, ivory, carved by Yasuaki

This shishi broke the world record for a netsuke in November

The new £265,250 world record was set for an 18th century ivory specimen known as a "shishi" or lion-dog.

It sold alongside a world record-setting inro )nested boxes(, which achieved £265,250."There has always been an attraction with netsuke in the West," the head of Bonhams'

Japanese department, Suzannah Yip, told the Japan Times."This is because they are always small, well-carved, portable and very tactile".

Netsuke expert Edmund de Waal agrees. .

Chrysanthe mum: ivory, Hideyuki

Chrysanthe mum: wood, Sosui

Netsuke: Ox with boy playing flute, 19th centuryWood, ivory, metal

Carvers often select rare and expensive woods for their creations or juxtapose various materials in novel compositions. Embedding one material into another requires the utmost precision,

particularly when joining materials of differing physical properties, such as wood and ivory.In this example, a young boy playing a flute, carved of ivory, serenades a recumbent ox, made of

wood. Fine lines incised on the surface of the ox delineate individual hairs on its hide. The red seal on the ox's underside reads "Tokoku".

Dragonboat with Shichifukujin

Gama sennin: with frog; ivory, Masatomo.

Crow/raven on skull: ebony and ivory,

Meigyokusa i

Zodiac Ivory Netsuke

Moon Rabbit

With Mortar

Netsuke Signature: Eiichi, circa: Late 19th Century

h. )4.5cm.(. )3cm.(, d..)2.5cm.(

This charming netsuke depicts the Lunar Rabbit standing

on the cloud bank, mixing the elixir of life with pestle and

mortar. A story of Chinese origin in which the Lunar Rabbit

is a pet of the moon goddess Shang-or. She was the Queen

of a tyrant king. For fear that his tyranny would impose

endless suffering to the people, Shang-or consumed all his

elixir and immediately became an immortal. She then raised

up to the moon with her rabbit in arms.

The superb artistry of this netsuke lies in its restraint. By

avoiding redundant details, the carver has succeeded in

creating a compact and bold composition, which conveys

sophistication in its design as a netsuke. The netsuke has a

rich honey colored patina with an even shine. and is in mint

condition .

Beetles: wood and tortoise shell, Akihide

Fox dancer: ivory, Meizan

Mandarin duck: ivory, Sosui

Frog on old well-bucke t: wood, Masanao; "what does the well-toad know of the great ocean?"

Sanbaso dancer: ivory and ebony, Rantei

Shôki et oni

IVORY NETSUKE Depicting a man seated in a large straw hat

Man filing toe nails, netsuke 18-19th century. György Ráth Museum,Budapest

A visit to the Eye Doctor.

18-19th century. György Ráth Museum,Budapest

Wrestling with a Pig Netsuke Carved of Tagua Nut.

Netsuke: Figure of Baku18th century

Lacquered wood

Baku are Japanese supernatural beings that devour dreams and nightmares. They have a long history in Japanese folklore and art, and more recently have appeared in Japanese anime and manga The Japanese term baku has two current meanings, referring to both the traditional dream-devouring

creature and to the zoological tapir )e.g., the Malayan tapir(

Antique Carved Ivory Netsuke: RabbitsUnusual antique carved marine ivory

netsuke; of an openwork basket/cage with two rabbits on the interior, 19th Century

Ivory netsuke of a pair of woodcutters with a dog at the feet. Superb detailed carving with the himotoshi under the

gourd on the back. Signed on the bottom O-No-Ryomin.

39mm High.

Ivory netsuke of a seated man carving a mask of okame signed Tomomitsu 19C

Size 37mm High.

Netsuke of Three Monkeys on the Back of a Fish )Sanbiki Saru(

19th centuryWood 3.4 x 4.1 cm

Tobacco Box and Netsuke19th century

Brass) 7.6 cm(

Museums and GalleriesBolton Museum and Archive Service, Bolton, Lancashire, UKLos Angeles County Museum of ArtRobyn Buntin of HonoluluRutherston and Bandini, London

Tikotin Museum of Japanese Art, Haifa, IsraelVictoria and Albert Museum, Londonhttp://www.metmuseum.org/snetsuke

קלריטה ואפריםהנכם מוזמנים להיכנס לאתר

שלנו:www.clarita-efraim.com

נשמח לתגובות

מקורות:http://www.japangeo.org.il/crafts/index3.htm

http://www.netsuke.org/

http://michaelhampton.blogspot.co.il/2012/09/japanese-netsuke.html

http://www.samourais-et-ikebana.com/art_japon/netsuke.html

http://www.alienor.org/ARTICLES/netsuke/index.htm

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Netsuke

http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/15588018_antique-carved-ivory-netsuke-figures

http://www.madinpursuit.com/collections/Asian/Japan_netsuke.html

http://collectionsonline.lacma.org/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id

=99791;type=101

http://www.vintage-books.co.uk/books/harewithambereyes/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_legendary_creatures_from_Japan#M

http://pinterest.com/fizzao/netsuke/

http://insarchive.internetsuke.com/