轉述句子 reported speech. direct speechreported speech now 現在 then / at that time 當時...
TRANSCRIPT
轉述句子
Reported Speech
Direct speech Reported speechnow現在 then / at that time當時today今天 that day 當天 / yesterday昨天tonight今晚 that night當晚 / last night昨晚this week這星期
that week 那星期 / last week上星期
tomorrow明天 the next day 翌日 / the following day往後的一天
next week下星期
the following week往後的一星期
this thatthese thosehere therecome gowill wouldshall would/shouldcan couldmay mightmust had to
Reported Speech (Reporting Statements )
We can tell one person’s statements to another person by using a Reporting Statement.
e.g. Joey said, “I am happy.”
Joey said that she was happy.
Eason promised* that he would buy me a tennis racket the following day.
Eason said, “I will buy you a tennis racket
tomorrow.”
May omit this
pronoun tense time adverbial
What has been changed?
ExerciseExercise
reporting verb
Exercise
1. “I am happy,” said John.
2. “I saw a cat,” Mary said.
3. Peter said, “Mary came yesterday.”
4. He said, “Betty will leave tomorrow.”
John said that he ( ) happy.
Mary said that she( )a cat.
Peter said that Mary had come( )
He said that Betty would leave ( )
Back ExitMore Ex.
was
had seen
the day before .the previous day.
the following day.
Changes in verb tense:
Direct Speech Reported Speech
Present simple Past simple‘I’m a student,’ he said. He said that he was a student.
Present continuous Past continuous‘I’m leaving,’ she said. She said that she was leaving.
Present perfect Past perfect‘They’ve gone,’ I said. I said that they had gone.
Past simple Past perfect‘I didn’t see her,’ he said He said that he hadn’t seen her.
Shall/will Would‘I’ll help you,’ she said. She said that she would help
me.
May Might‘John may come,’ Sue said. Sue said that John might come.
Must Had to‘I must go,’ he said. He said that he had to go.
Can Could‘You can do it,’ she said. She said that I could do it.
Pronouns
‘I’m happy,’ she said. She said she was happy.
‘We’re ready,’ they said. They said they were ready.
‘I love you,’ he said. He said he loved me.
Time expression
Direct speech Reported speech
herethis week/month/yearnowtodaytonighttomorrowthe day after tomorrowyesterdaythe day before yesterdaythree days agonext Mondaylast Monday
therethat week/month/yearthenthat daythat nightthe next/following dayin two days’ timethe day before/the previous daytwo days beforethree days beforethe following Mondaythe previous Monday
e.g. “I saw him here this morning,” he said.
He said that he had seen him there that morning.
1. ‘I come from England,’ Sue said.
2. ‘We will arrive next week,’ they said.
Sue said that she came from England.
They said that they would arrive the following week.
3. ‘I have finished eating,’ Tom told me.
4. ‘I’m making a cake now,’ Mary said.
5. ‘Everyone must be punctual,’ the teacher said.
Tom told me that he had finished eating.
Mary said that she was making a cake then.
The teacher said that everyone had to be punctual.
Which sentence gives a better description of how John thinks?
John said, “The food is so bad!”
1. John said that the food was so bad.
2. John complained that the food was so bad.
A reporting verb
Some common reporting verbs
whisper promise admit deny
report complain shout reply
(1) Use a correct reporting verb
(2) You may add “that”
(3) Use a correct pronoun
(4) Change the tense
(5) Change the time expression
Summary
Let’s Repeat the Rules!
Reported Speech ----is so easy!
We change the pronoun, tense and time.
Reporting verbs make meaning clear.
Without a “THAT” is still all right!
