项目十二 Shipment

Learning Objectives

• Identify the difference between shipping instructions and shipping advice.

• Understand the necessity of booking shipping space in advance.

• Know the correct treatment of the non-delivery of the goods.

• Master certain procedures of shipment effecting.

Structure of this unit

• Part One: Relevant Questions

• Part Two: Sentence Patterns

• Part Three: Letter Examples

• Part Four: Sentences Examples

Part One: Relevant Questions

Ⅰ. International Goods Transportation and Goods Shipment

• In international trade, the international goods transportation and goods shipment are two of the important component parts of the international trade. Only through transporting, can the goods be transported from the seller’s country to the buyer’s country.

• After signing the selling and buying contract, the seller should ship the goods to the buyer according to the time, place and way of shipment stipulated in the contract. In carrying out the procedures of foreign trade, the concept of time should be paid great attention to.

• The fields in which foreign trade is involved are extensive, the transportation lines are long. The links and procedures are numerous, so the foreign traders must be equipped with fundamental knowledge of the international cargo transportation and shipment.

• Only in this way can the deliberate consideration be offered to the problems of the cargo transportation and the terms of transportation may be worked out completely, definitely and reasonably, thus making sure of the successful effecting of the contract.

Ⅱ. Kinds of Transportation in International Trade

• Ocean Marine transportation

• Rail transportation

• Air transportation

• Highway transportation

• River transportation

• Postal transportation, etc.

• The Ocean Marine transportation has its own advantages of large holding capacity and low freight, so in spite of its disadvantages of slow navigation speed and strong risks, it still makes up over two-thirds of total freight volume of the transportation in international trade.

Partial Shipments & Transshipment

• Partial shipments and transshipment also belong to the kinds of shipments. It is necessary to instruct in the contract and in the L/C whether transshipment or partial shipments are checked and to observe these stipulations strictly.

• In L/C checking, these stipulations should be checked carefully and the checking of how many partial shipments needs to be effected and the dates of these partial shipments should not be left.

Partial Shipments• When a large quantity of goods is dealt with,

the transport conditions, the source of the goods and the goods’ marketing sometimes may affect the conclusion of the deals, so it will be necessary to make partial shipments. At this time, the buyer and the seller should stipulate the time and frequency of the partial shipments. If the shipment needs to be effected only once in single lot, the limited term of prohibiting the partial shipments must be written in the contract and in the L/C.

Transshipment• If the goods should be reloaded and

transshipped at the intermediate ports, the increase of the expenses and the losses of the goods should be caused. So the buyer is always unwilling to accept the transshipment term. But sometimes there are no direct ships or no appropriate ships sailing to the destination port or the conditions of the port are rather poor, then the seller and the buyer have to stipulate the term of “allowing transshipment.”

Ⅲ. Shipping Advice

• In international trade, the buyer sometimes sends the shipping instructions (including shipping requirements) to the seller. Sometimes the buyer will write to the seller for informing the seller of effecting shipment in time in case of shipment delay.

• After the shipment of the goods, the seller will send the buyer the Shipping Advice to inform the buyer the related shipment details, the contents of which are as follows:

① The date of shipment

② The shipped goods

③ The way of shipment

Ⅳ . Booking Necessary Shipping Space in Advance

1. The way of Managing the Ocean Marine Transport

海洋运输的经营方式① Liner transport 班轮运输② Shipping by chartering or shipping b

y tramp( 不定期货船 ) 租船运输 / 不定期船舶运输

2. The way of shipping by chartering

租船运输的方式 Voyage or ship chartering 定程租船 Time chartering 定期租船 Bareboat chartering 光期租船

Ⅴ. Shipment Packing and Shipping Marking 运输包装及运输唛头

• Shipping marks, listed in FOUR lines. The figures and marks in each line should not be exceeded by seven words.

① The code names the initials or the abbreviations of the consignee and consignor① Numbers of the contract and the L/C② Port of destination③ Number of the package and the order number

• These four lines can be designated into the marks of triangle, or lozenge, or hexagon in order to make the goods easier to be recognized, to be transported or to be stored.

• Some eye-catching graphs and the simple words can be used to remind the transport workers, such as: “Fragile”, “Easy to Be Damaged”, “easy to Be deteriorated (Degenerated)”. Painting the warning marks on the packages is also available to show “Inflammable”, “Explosive”, “poisonous”, etc.

Part Two: Sentence Patterns

Ⅰ. Shipping Instructions

1. To be ready for shipment备妥待运

• We are glad to inform you that the goods you ordered are ready for shipment. Please let us have your instructions for shipping marks and dispatch.

• 我们高兴地通知你方所订购的货物已备妥待运，请告知唛头及装运要求。

2. To ship goods by S.S (M.V)由…轮装运货物

• Please try your utmost to ship our goods by S.S. “Peace” which is due to arrive at Hamburg on 8 May, and confirm by return that the goods will be ready in time.

• 请尽力用“和平”号轮装运我方货物，该轮定于 5 月 8 日抵汉堡。请函复确认货物将按时备妥。

3. To book shipping space订舱位

• As soon as shipping space is booked, we shall advise you of the name of the ship on which the goods are to be sent.

• 一俟订舱后，我方将告知装运货物的船名。• Please book the necessary shipping space in

advance to ensure timely dispatch of the goods ordered.

• 请预定所需的舱位，以保证及时装运所订购的货物。

4. Within the stipulated time在规定时间内

• As our users are in urgent need of the consignment, please get the goods dispatched within the stipulated time.

• 由于我方客户急需此货物，请按规定的时间发运。

5.To advance (postpone) shipment

提前（推迟）装运• It is stipulated the shipment is to be made in

October. However, we shall appreciate it if you will manage to advance the shipment to September to enable is to catch the busy season.

• 按规定应于 10 月装运，但是如蒙你方设法提前于9 月交货，以使我方赶上旺季，则不胜感激。

• As the market is sluggish, please postpone the shipment of our ordered goods to March.

• 所订购货物延迟至 3 月发货，

6. To mark 刷唛• Please ensure that all the cases are mar

ked clearly with our initials in a triangle, under which comes the destination with the contract number below.

• 请务必清楚地在所有箱子上将我公司首字母写在三角形内，其下方为目的港名，下面为合同编号。

Ⅱ. Shipping Advice

1. To advise (inform, notify) sb.通知某人

• We take pleasure in advising you that we have today shipped the goods under you Order No. 756 on board S/S “Peace” which sails for your port tomorrow.

• 我们高兴地通知你方， 756 号订单之货物已于今日装上“和平”号轮，该轮将于明日驶往你方港口。

2.To effect shipment装运

• Shipment is to be effected (made) during March/April.

• 3 至 4 月份装船。• The shipment of bath towels under cont

ract No.756 will be effected by M.V. “Goddess”, which is scheduled to leave here on 20 June. Please arrange insurance for this cargo.

• 第 756 号项下浴巾的货物将由“女神”轮装运，该轮定于 6 月 20 日起航。

3. To be transshipped (at) 转船

• We have pleasure in notifying you that we have shipped today by m.v. “Yellow River” 200cartons of alarm clocks. They are to be transshipped at Hong Kong and are expected to reach your port early next month.

• 兹通知已由“黄河”号轮发运 200 箱闹钟。此货物将在新加坡转船，预定于下月初到达你方港口。

4. To make a partial shipment 分批装运

• If you desire earlier delivery, we can only make a partial shipment of 50 tons of rice in July and the balance of 50 tons in August.

• 如果你方要求提前装运，我们只能于 7 月分批装运其中的 50 吨大米，其余的 50 吨将于 8 月装运。

Ⅱ. Shipping Documents

1. Shipping documents covering…

的装运单据• Enclosed please find one set of the shi

pping documents covering this consignment, which comprises: the commercial invoice, bill of lading, packing list, certificate of origin and insurance certificate.

• 现附上这批货物的装运单据一套，包括商业发票、提单、装箱单、原产地证明和保险凭证。

2. To be sent through…bank由某银行转交

• The originals of the shipping documents are being sent to you through the Bank of China.

• 装运单据正本通过中国银行寄送你方。• The Commercial Invoice and Insurance

Policy, together with clean on board ocean Bill of Lading have been set through the National Bank.

• 商业发票、保险单和清洁已装船海运提单已交国家银行转送。

3. To be airmailed 空邮• In compliance with the terms of the con

tract, a full set of duplicate documents were airmailed to you immediately after the goods were shipped.

• 按照合同条款，在货物装船后即将全套单据副本空邮给你方。

• 正本 / 副本单据：• original/duplicate document

Part Three: Letter Examples

Ⅰ. Urging the Delivery of the Goods• Dear Sirs,

Re: Urging the Delivery of the Goods• We have sent you a fax dated Nov. 7, asking about the d

elivery of the order No. XX for 800 woolen sheetings originally scheduled for 15, Nov. It’s a pity that up till now we haven’t received any news of delivery of these goods. Now the cold season is approaching and our customers are in urgent need of them. Your deferring in delivery will cause us great inconvenience. If you have got any difficulty in fulfilling this order, you must inform us the reason of your not being able to supply the goods in time.

• We hope that you will do your utmost to deliver the goods as soon as possible.

• We are waiting for your reply.• Sincerely yours,

Ⅱ. Shipping Advice

• Dear Sirs,• Re: Shipping Advice• We take the great pleasure in informing you that the

machines you ordered August this year under Contract No. XX have now been dispatched per SS “East Wind” sailing tomorrow from New York to Shanghai.

• In order to assure you of the goods’ reaching you in good condition, all of them were packed in special container. We wish you to unpack and examine them immediately on arrival. Any complaints as to damage should be notified to us and the shipping company within ten days.

• Enclosed please find one set of Shipping Documents covering this consignment which comprises:

1.One copy of non-negotiable Bill of Lading

2.Commercial Invoice in duplicate

3.A copy of Certificate of Origin

4.Certificate of Quality in duplicate

5.Packing List in duplicate

6.Insurance Policy in duplicate

7.One copy of Survey Report• We hope this shipment will reach you in time

and in good order to meet with your full satisfaction.

• Yours faithfully,

Ⅲ. Booking Necessary Shipping Space in Advance

• Dear Sirs,• Re ： Booking Shipping Space in Advance• We are in urgent need of dispatching XXX m/t

of XXX from Shanghai to Sydney by the end of May. We know that as a rule, the direct vessels, whether liners or tramps, sailing for your port are few and far between, so we feel very anxious that the shipping space will be fully booked up. In such circumstances, we are approaching you to get your support and your assistance.

• We shall be highly appreciated if you can allow us to ship our goods of XXX m/t of XXX in one lot per SS “Queen” sailing from Shanghai for your port Sydney on/about 15 May. If you are not in a position to offer us the shipping space for the whole lot of XXX m/t of XXX, we would like very much to ask you to favor us a chance of making partial shipments of all the goods per your liner.

• Please take good consideration of our urgent request and let us have your favorable reply.

• Yours faithfully

Ⅳ. Shipment Packing and Shipping Marking

• Dear Sirs:• Re: Shipment Packing and Shipping Marking

• We are writing to you to invite your attention to our order No. XXX covering 2,000 sets of chinaware for dinner service made in Jingdezhen. According to the Contract No. XXX, this order should be due on 15 December. To our surprise, up till now we still have not heard from you any news of delivery of these goods. Please pay attention to the delivery date and arrange the shipment as early as possible.

• In addition, the chinaware are easily to be broken and are, especially, not capable of withstanding the rough handling. Therefore taking good care of well packing is of great importance for reducing the losses in transporting. It is necessary for you to pack the goods in strong wooden cases bedded with foamed plastics for protection from being broken.

• As to the shipping marking, we wish you to do it according to our requirements as follows:

• 1. Correctly and distinctly mark the cases with our initials in a triangle , under which comes the destination port with Contract number.

• 2. Conspicuously stencil on both sides of the wooden cases with the words:

• “FRAGILE, HANDLE WITH CARE” with indelible paint which will not run off or blur because of dampness or rubbing.

• Your full cooperation will be expected.• Sincerely yours,

Ⅴ. Non-delivery of the Metal Box Containing Tool Kit and Accessories

• Dear Sirs ，• Re: Non-delivery of the Metal Box Containing Tool Kit

and Accessories• We felt very regrettable to hear the bad news

from your fax this morning, informing us that the metal box containing tool kit and accessories didn’t reach your port of destination. Since the number of this metal box is mentioned on the Packing List and the whole consignment was examined and checked by the Chief Supervisor of the Transport Company before shipment in the storehouse of the dock, the non-delivery of this box does not fall within our responsibility.

• As requested, we have insured the goods against the TPND risks, so you may lodge your claim against this TPND with the Insurance Company.

• It has been said in your fax that all the machines of the complete production line have already arrived at your production site and some of them are being installed there. It is a great regret that the non-delivery of the box containing tool kit and the necessary accessories has made the installation work broken down and brought it to a standstill.

• With the view of helping you to complete the construction of the whole production line and to bring your production line into an early operation, we have decided to deliver you by air another metal box with tool kit and accessories on Flight No. XX flying from our XX Airport to your XX Airport the day after tomorrow. The cost of the tool kit and accessories, as well as the air freight, will be borne by you or by the Insurance Company later. We are now faxing you the relevant documents in order that you can take delivery of the goods at the airport.

• Faithfully yours,

Part Four: Sentences Examples

• 1. Since there is no direct steamer sailing from here to your port prior to May 15, we are extremely sorry for our inability to advance the shipment as requested.

• 由于 5 月 15 日前没有直达班轮从这里驶往你港，我方十分抱歉，不能按你方要求提前发货。

• 2. If you require earlier delivery, we can only make a partial shipment of 50 tons of XX in June, and the balance of 50 tons of XX in July.

• 如果你方要求提前交货，我方只能分批发货，在 6月发出 50 吨 XX ，其余 50 吨则在 7 月发出。

• 3. For the goods under our Contract No. XXX we have booked space on SS “Victory” which is due to arrive in EMP on/about 10 April. For loading arrangements, please communicate with our shipping agent Singapore XXX Corporation.

• 我方已在“胜利”轮上订妥舱位，以装 XXX号合同项下之货，该轮定于 4 月 10 日或 4 月10 日左右到达欧洲主要港口。至于装船事项请与我方运输代理新加坡 XXX 公司接洽。

• 4. We have been informed that your Company is now operating a shipping container service of the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean route. We are writing to you for asking some particulars of this service. Charges for using the service are also expected to be offered.

• 我方获悉贵公司正在营运印度洋及地中海的船运集装箱服务。我方现写信你方咨询该项服务的详细情况，并望提供使用该项服务的费用。

• 5. The shipping containers are of two sizes, namely 10ft and 20ft long and built to take loads up to 2 - 4 tons respectively.

• 船运集装箱有两种尺寸， 10英尺及 20英尺长，装载量分别为 2~4 吨。

• 6. The shipping containers can be opened at both sides for loading and unloading at the same time. They are watertight and airtight and can be loaded and locked at the factory.

• 船运集装箱能两头开启供同时装货及卸货，船运集装箱是防水和密封的，在厂内可以装货，也可锁上。

• 7. Your shipment should be effected in two equal monthly lots during November and December.

• 你方的货物应在 11 月份及 12 月份两次等量装运。• 8. We are pleased to inform you that the g

oods under S/C No. XXX went forward per SS “Washington” of the Pacific line on 8 March and the relevant samples had been dispatched to you by air before the steamer sailed.

• 兹通知 XXX 号销售确认书项下货物已于 3 月 8 日装太平洋航运公司“华盛顿”号轮，有关货样已于该轮启程前空邮你方。

• 9. We are now notifying you that we have shipped you today by SS “President” XXX cases of XXX, which are to be transshipped at Hong Kong and are expected to reach your port early next month.

• 现通知你方，我方今日已由“总统”轮将 XXX 箱 XXX 运往你方，该货将于香港转船，预计下月初到达你方港口。

• 10.We are sorry to notify you that owing to your delay in opening the relative L/C for two weeks, the shipment of your Order No. XXX cannot be effected in February as contracted and should be postponed until March.

• 兹通知你方：由于你方推迟开证两周，我方无法按合同所订于 2 月份发出你方X 号订单的货物，将延至 3 月份，甚歉。

• 11. After contacting the shipping company in Port Rotterdam, we were informed by the agents that your missing cases had been discharged at that Port by mistake.

• 在和鹿特丹港运输公司联系以后，该方代理商通知我方，你方丢失的箱子错卸于该港。

• 12. We are very pleased to inform you that we have arranged for the cases discharged at Rotterdam by mistake to be returned by the first available ship for discharging at London.

• 我方通知你方，我方已安排将错卸于鹿特丹的箱子通过第一艘可以装运的船只运回，在伦敦卸港。

• 13. We trust you will see to it that the order is shipped within the stipulated time, as any delay would cause us no little inconvenience and financial loss.

• 我方相信你方会注意订单需在规定时间内发运一事，因为任何耽搁都会引起我们许多不便和经济损失。

• 14. Your long delay in delivery our goods under S/C No. XXX has thrown us into considerable inconvenience. We are now insisting on your immediate delivery, otherwise we would be compelled to cancel the order in accordance with the stipulations of the contract.

• 你方长久耽误我方第 XXX 号销售项下货物的交付，使我们遭到相当大的不便。我方现在坚持请你方立即交货，否则我方定会根据合同规定撤销订单。

• 15. We feel rather regrettable for our being unable to ship the goods within the time limit of the L/C owing to the unforeseen difficulties on the part of our manufacturer. We shall get the goods ready in 15 days. Please accept our apologies.

• 十分抱歉，由于我方生产厂家方面意料之外的一些困难，我方不能在信用证限制的 15天内发运货物，请接受我方道歉。

Part Five： Sentence Patterns

on Packing

Ⅰ. Packing

Packing Container 包装容器 • Bag or Sack 袋• It is commonly used for p

owder and granular materials.

• granular: 颗粒的，具颗粒表面（或结构的）

• Bale 包 • The bale is used for bulk

y items that can be compressed. compress ：把……打成包；压捆

• Drum or barrel桶 • It is used for carrying liquids, powder, etc.

• fiber: （人造）纤维

• Carton纸板箱• The carton is widely used in export packin

g because it is light, resilient, cheap, and most suitable when carried within a metal container.

• Wooden Case木箱 • The wooden case is strong. It is used for s

mall, heavy items.

• Wooden Crate板条箱 • This is usually used for large and heavy ob

jects like machines.

• Pallet 货盘，托盘 • It is used to hold a number of packages or

pieces.

• Container 集装箱 • It is used to transport goods by road, rail, s

ea or air.

1. To be packed in (cartons, bags, wooden cases, bales, boxes, sacks, crates, drums, cans or tins, bundles, etc.), …to…:( 货物 ) 包装在（纸箱、袋子、木箱、布包、盒子、麻袋、板条箱、桶、罐头、捆等）里，每（箱、袋等）装…

• Our raincoats are now packed each in a polythene bag and then in a cardboard box, 10 dozen to a carton.

• 目前，我们的雨衣每件装一塑料袋，每袋装一纸盒内，每 10打纸盒装一纸箱。

2. To have sth. packed in 将某物装…

• We usually have our corn packed in double gunny bags of 60 kgs. each.

• 我们通常将玉米装双层的麻袋，每袋重 60千克。

3. To be packed in a manner 以…方式包装（货物）

• The goods should be packed in a manner that ensures safe and sound arrival of goods at the destination and facilitates handling during transshipment.

• 货物应采用一种能保证安全完好到达目的地和便于在转运中搬运的方式进行包装。

4. To be lined with内衬…

• All the cases must be lined with waterproof paper (Kraft paper, polythene).

• 所有箱子必须内衬防水纸（牛皮纸、塑料纸）。

5. To have an inner lining of …

• Cases must have an inner lining of stout, damp-resisting paper.

• 木箱必须内衬结实的防潮纸。

6. To be secured or reinforced by…

用…加固• Cases must be nailed, battened and rei

nforced by overall metal strapping.

• 木箱必须用钉子钉牢，加板条，并用整条的铁箍加固。

7. To seal … in 把…封入…• We would ask you to be particularly car

eful to seal each box into a watertight bag before packing into cases.

• 在装入箱子之前，请特别小心地将每个盒子封入不漏水的袋子。

8. To stand (endure, withstand, put up with)承受，经受

• The package for export goods should be strong enough to withstand roughest handling during transit.

• 出口货物的包装必须牢固，以经受途中最野蛮的搬运。

9. To be susceptible to (breakage, damage by moisture, heat or rust) 易于（破损、潮损、热损或绣损）

的• Garments packed in plastic-lined carto

ns are not so susceptible to damage by moisture as those packed in wooden cases.

• 服装装在衬有塑料袋的纸箱里比装在木箱里不易受到潮损。

10. To be assorted 被搭配• Our towels are packed in cardboard bo

xes each containing 12 with red, yellow and white equally assorted, 24 boxes to a carton.

• 我们的毛巾用纸盒包装，每盒 112 条，红、黄、白均匀搭配， 24盒装一纸箱。

Ⅱ. Marking 刷唛

1. To mark 刷上、刷唛• You are requested to mark all cases as

per our instructions.

• 要求你方按照我方指示，给所有箱子刷唛。

2. To have the marking 标上… , 有…标记

• Each package should have the marking “fragile”.

• 每个包装上应标上“易碎”字样。

3. To be stenciled or printed (with…)

被印上…• Please mark our initials SCC in a diamo

nd, under which the port of destination and our order number should be stenciled or printed.

• 请刷上一菱形，内刷我公司首字母 SCC ，其下应刷目的港及我方订单号。

4. To indicate 显示，标出• It is not necessary to indicate the name

and address of the consignee on each package, as shipping marks comprises the initials of the buyer’s name.

• 不需要在每个包装上标出收货人的姓名和地址，因为装运唛头包含了买方姓名的首字母。

Thank you!