11.1 The Age of Imperialism

From now on we’ll be taking notes, doing assignments, and projects in the notebooks I bought you

You can leave your notebook in the classroom when you don’t have homework in it

You must have your notebook everyday or you will be marked tardy

Note Books

NB p.1 ◦ Write “Table of Contents” on the top line◦ Number the lines 1-20

NB p.2◦ Write “Table of Contents 2” on the top line

On lines 1 and 2 on p. 1 write “TOC” Number the pages 1-20 in your note book

Note Book (NB)

On line 3 in the TOC write “Timeline”◦ Copy the timeline on pages 336 and 337 in your

Modern World Book

On lines 4 and 5 in the TOC write “11.1 Notes”

NB

In mid-1800s Africa is divided into hundreds of ethnic and linguistic groups◦ Over 1,000 different

languages◦ In 1880 Europeans

controlled only about 10% of Africa (mainly on the coasts)

The Scramble for Africa

The Industrial Revolution gave Europeans a reason to add lands to their control.◦ Think of the factors of production (land, labor,

capital)

◦ What are some of the reasons for European Imperialism? Raw Materials New markets = improved economies

Forces Behind Imperialism

Colonialism grows out of “national pride”◦ Viewed size of empire as a measure of greatness

Many Europeans believed they were the “best” people◦ Racism: the belief that one race is superior to

others This thinking is a result of Social Darwinism

◦ The application of Darwin’s theory of “survival of the fittest”

◦ Used to justify Imperialism

Belief in European Superiority

More advanced technology◦ Maxim Gun: worlds first

automatic machine gun Steam engines and

railroads 1829, the drug quinine

protected Europeans form Malaria

Variety of African cultures and languages made it hard for Africans to unite

How Europeans Imperialized

Do Now

The Maxim Gun Steam Engine

What are these two things?

On line 6 in the TOC write “Imperialism in Africa in 1913”◦ Trace the map of Africa on page 343 in your book◦ Color in areas claimed by the French, British, and

Germans

What is different about the map of Imperialist claims in 1878?

NB

Competition over Africa almost led to war in Europe

14 European countries met at the Berlin Conference in 1884-1885

No African leaders were invited By 1914 only Liberia and Ethiopia were free

from European control

Europeans would not end up selling a lot of goods to Africa, instead they developed “cash crops”

Berlin Conference

British claim land and establish farms in South Africa

British take over Cape Colony Boers move north to escape British and clash

with the Zulus Boers try to protect claims to minerals and

blame British for rebellion Boers Attack British British win war Boers join Union of South Africa under British

control

Boer War

Open your book to page 338 Read, “How would you react to colonizers?”

What would you do?

Case Study: Nigeria

Methods of Management:◦ Direct Control:

Limited self-rule for local governments Legislative body includes colonial, local officials

◦ Indirect Control Paternalism – Europeans provide for local people, but

grant no rights Assimilation – adaptation of local people to ruling

culture

A New Period of Imperialism