Q

Q

I

104 2

Q

46

710331510

Q 35

Q

II

The Study on the Influence of Spiritual Capital of Organization to

the Employee of Business by Q method

Wang, Yi-Ting

June 2016

Department of Business Administration, National Taipei University

Advisors: Dr. Liu, Chung-Chu

Degree: Master of Business Administration

ABSTRACT

Spiritual is a transcendence on human nature. It used to describe personal

satisfaction when pursuing high level goals. Spiritual need is Theory Z in Maslows

Hierarchy Need Theory. More and more researchers take the spiritual concept into

account including medicine, nursing and elder etc., less attention to managerial field.

Organizational spiritual capital is intangible assets to form competitive advantages.

The purpose of this study is to conclude and develop organizational spiritual

capital(OSC) and prioritization. A total of 35 employees in organizations are

selected. Q method is adopted. The result of this study will give some academic and

practical suggestions to OCS.

Keywords: Q method; spirituality; spiritual capital.

1

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2

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3

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4

1-1 ..........................................9

5

3-1 ..19

3.2 Q ..20

3-3 Q ....22

3-4 ...24

3-5 ...26

4-6 ...29

4-7 ...30

4-8 ...31

4-9 ...32

6

1940Maslow

Maslow

(1999) 1970

Maslow(1971) Z

(peak experiences)

(Duffy, 2006)

(2006)

(2011)

7

36

8

Q

9

1-1

1. Spiritual Capital

2. Organization Spiritual

3. Spiritual Management

Q

1-1

10

(Bellous, 2006)

(Tisdell, 2006)2000 English Gillen(2000)

2007

Merriam Caffarella(2007)

11

(spirituality)1998 Speck(1998)

(spirituality)

(spirituality)

2003

Mitroff(2003)

(2003)

(2003)

2005 Voas& Crockett(2005)

(spiritual capital)

(Moxley, 2000)

(2013)

12

(spiritual capital)

(2010)

(2010)

(2010)

(

)(Zohar &

Marshall, 2009) Danah Zohar & Ian Marshall(2009)

13

Fisher(1999)(personal)

(communal)(environment)(global)

Sheep(2006)

2001 Harrington Preziosi Gooden(2001)

14

15

(Thompson, 2000Turner, 1999)

(Mohamed et al., 2004)

1999 MillimanFergusonTrickett Condemi(1999)

2000

(Bierly, Kessler, Christensen, 2000)

(2013)

(2013)

(

2010)

16

(Ashmos & Duchon, 2000)

(2008)

(rational intelligence IQ)(emotional intelligence

EQ)(spiritual intelligence SQ)

(spiritual capitalist)

( 2008)

(1999)

17

36

Q

Q

(Schlinger, 1969)

18

Stephenson(1974) Q

36

35

1.

2.

16 45.7%19 54.3%

18-22 20 57.1%23-27 12 34.3%28-32

3 8.6%33-37 0 0%38 0 0%

18-22

0 0%)0 0%28

80.0%7 20.0%

0 0%4 11.4%31

88.6%0 0%

12.9%38.6%411.4%

25.7%00%2571.4%

35 1

19

3-1

16(45.7%) 19(54.3%)

18-2220(57.1%) 23-2712(34.3%)

28-323(8.6%) 33-37 0(0.0%)

38-420(0.0%) 43-47 0(0.0%)

48-520(0.0%) 53 0(0.0%)

0(0.0%) 0(0.0%)

()28(80.0%) 7(20.0%)

0(0.0%) 4(11.4%)

31(88.6%) 0(0.0%)

0(0.0%)

1(2.9%) 3(8.6%)

4(11.4%) 2(5.7%)

0(0.0%) ()25(71.4%)

20

13 10

13

3-2 Q

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

21

32.

33.

34.

35.

36.

22

35 Q

Q

36 35

3-3 Q

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

1 3 4 6 8 6 4 3 1

(2011)

23

Q

Q

(2014)

3535 (Principle

Components Analysis) Kaiser(1958)

1

(Cattell, 1966)35

(Varimax Rotation)

Stephenson(1974)

( 2.58 )

3/n =0.5(2.58/n) n

3/36

22 0.5 3-3

Schlinger(1969)

(W)

(factor score)

(factor array)

2014

24

Q

35 1-5

0.900

Cronbachs

0.956

3-4 3-5

3-4

CR

a1 2.032 0.312* 0.272 0.899

a2 1.958 0.361** 0.313 0.899

a3 2.359* 0.296* 0.246 0.900

a4 2.299* 0.238 0.179 0.901

a5 4.660*** 0.579*** 0.543 0.896

a6 4.849*** 0.528*** 0.479 0.897

a7 4.490*** 0.534*** 0.479 0.897

a8 5.918*** 0.625*** 0.596 0.896

a9 3.119** 0.433*** 0.380 0.898

a10 3.707** 0.591*** 0.556 0.896

a11 5.259*** 0.632*** 0.593 0.895

a12 5.209*** 0.593*** 0.553 0.895

a13 2.761* 0.358** 0.312 0.899

25

a14 2.811* 0.403** 0.369 0.898

a15 3.244** 0.368** 0.324 0.899

a16 4.683*** 0.599*** 0.559 0.895

a17 5.186*** 0.600*** 0.564 0.896

a18 5.164*** 0.533*** 0.491 0.896

a19 4.270*** 0.538*** 0.506 0.897

a20 4.085*** 0.551*** 0.503 0.896

a21 3.810** 0.498*** 0.445 0.897

a22 1.943 0.255* 0.201 0.901

a23 4.299*** 0.467*** 0.411 0.898

a24 3.599 0.457*** 0.413 0.898

a25 6.653*** 0.668*** 0.628 0.894

a26 3.108** 0.566*** 0.532 0.896

a27 5.155*** 0.557*** 0.521 0.896

a28 3.725** 0.521*** 0.484 0.897

a29 4.660*** 0.592*** 0.554 0.896

a30 3.379** 0.441*** 0.373 0.899

a31 2.253* 0.289* 0.212 0.902

a32 3.526** 0.409** 0.351 0.899

a33 4.419*** 0.468*** 0.422 0.897

a34 3.364** 0.455*** 0.397 0.898

a35 2.667* 0.454*** 0.398 0.898

a36 2.726* 0.489*** 0.444 0.897

:0.900

26

3-5

1

2

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

27

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

36.

1 30/36

2 34/36 31/36

30/36+34/36+31/36/30.879

30.879/[1+20.879]0.956

28

Q

4-8

4-64-74-8

29

4-6

4 .638 .332 .383 .140 23-27

17 .537 .398 -.014 -.349 18-22

18 .549 .062 .264 .283 18-22

19 .583 .477 .120 .333 18-22

20 .648 .118 .173 .306 23-27

22 .517 -.027 .368 .333 18-22

23 .747 .045 -.147 -.203 18-22

25 .541 .487 .344 .120 28-32

29 .559 .337 .119 .064 28-32

30 .804 -.165 .266 .230 18-22

31 .720 -.054 -.001 .131 18-22

2 .303 .569 .141 -.022 18-22

11 -.236 .828 .069 -.073 18-22

12 .137 .487 .475 .433 23-27

15 .405 .474 .229 .462 18-22

16 .521 .596 -.067 .062 23-27

21 .215 .610 .044 .097 28-32

32 -.098 .725 .401 .073 18-22

35 .089 .819 -.107 .190 23-27

8 -.073 .391 .479 .212 23-27

14 .539 .256 .612 -.025 28-32

24 .347 .032 .701 .142 28-32

26 .030 .240 .754 -.117 23-27

33 .098 -.165 .663 .053 23-27

5 .428 .380 .040 .520 28-32

6 .198 .448 -.309 .551 18-22

13 -.050 -.091 .100 .780 23-27

34 .272 .169 .066 .734 23-27

30

4-7

4 .638 1.078

17 .537 0.755

18 .549 0.787

19 .583 0.883

20 .648 1.119

22 .517 0.706

23 .747 1.689

25 .541 0.765

29 .559 0.814

30 .804 2.276

31 .720 1.492

2 .569 0.842

11 .828 2.634

12 .487 0.639

15 .474 0.612

16 .596 0.925

21 .610 0.971

32 .725 1.530

35 .819 2.487

14 .612 0.977

24 .701 1.381

26 .754 1.747

33 .663 1.181

8 .479 0.621

5 .520 0.712

6 .551 0.792

13 .780 1.992

34 .734 1.591

=loading/(1-loading2)

Schlinger(1969).

31

4-8

35.298 1 23.857 16 14.173 24 11.053 14

31.394 3 21.195 17 12.168 29 10.797 1

25.851 5 20.547 10 11.161 13 10.661 8

24.096 8 20.167 26 11.004 36 9.463 10

23.722 13 19.349 20 10.611 3 5.718 2

17.601 7 15.658 36 9.101 22 5.573 26

17.577 6 13.282 28 8.710 14 5.183 22

16.478 10 13.264 14 7.023 6 4.518 3

13.894 4 13.128 13 6.867 1 3.678 24

13.752 14 12.666 18 6.467 4 3.000 17

10.870 36 6.360 21 5.184 26 2.711 5

10.783 16 5.905 29 4.299 2 2.696 15

9.176 17 5.405 15 3.218 7 2.648 4

6.168 12 5.049 19 2.769 8 2.623 19

3.218 21 4.499 35 2.092 12 2.208 16

2.192 20 2.450 12 0.907 9 1.992 23

1.116 28 2.171 24 0.724 35 1.663 13

0.921 26 1.588 25 0.621 19 0.880 36

-0.354 15 0.364 5 0.566 28 0.792 20

-0.835 27 -0.453 23 -0.926 27 0.792 27

-1.572 2 -1.475 22 -1.426 10 -0.576 18

-1.584 18 -1.790 1 -1.616 25 -0.872 21

-6.564 11 -2.116 34 -1.787 18 -1.007 9

-7.165 24 -3.350 27 -2.148 33 -1.200 28

-9.281 19 -4.222 33 -3.050 5 -1.857 7

-11.784 25 -4.606 11 -3.407 11 -2.925 32

-11.853 29 -4.854 8 -3.739 16 -4.600 12

-12.793 33 -6.392 6 -6.117 20 -5.174 35

-13.613 9 -7.459 3 -6.511 23 -5.886 33

-17.357 22 -16.596 7 -7.599 15 -6.758 25

-21.758 23 -16.759 2 -8.000 34 -7.384 6

-24.401 35 -19.576 9 -8.636 17 -7.479 29

-25.242 32 -22.039 4 -9.240 21 -8.990 11

-25.327 34 -27.576 32 -16.276 31 -9.469 34

-31.884 31 -28.344 30 -18.144 32 -11.284 31

-35.136 30 -39.295 31 -19.048 30 -13.188 30

32

4-6 4-7 4-8

4-9

4-9

7 4 2 6 1 4 3 1

1.

3.

5.

8.

13.

16.

10.

17.

20.

26.

24.

3.

29.

1.

36.

14.

1.

8.

10.

2.

33

1.

(Rest,

1994)

2.

Kohlberg ,

1984

3. (Bandura,

1986)

1.

(Festinger,

Schachter and

Back, 1950)

2.

1998

3.

(Van Vugt and

Hart, 2004)

1.

(Wood,

1991a&b)

2.

(Porter and

Kramer, 2002)

1.

(Slack,

1997)

2.

3.

Barnard,

1938

CSR

34

CSP

35

36

Q

CSR

37

Q

38

Q

Q

Q

Q

(Forced Choice Procedure)

(1986) Q

(1994)

()

39

Danah, Z. and Marshall, I (2009) :

200350(1)81-85

1998

2013:

37(4)91-95

2013

20(1)127-148

2010

23(2)27-33

2010(2)8-14

2010

1994

40

2014Q

(86)29-60

(2011)

9(3)251-268

(1999)

2008TD

661-15

1986Q(37)45-71

2006

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1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

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46

1 1

1 3 4 6 8 6 4 3 1

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

34

34

35

36

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

47

Q

46

105 6