neuro anatomy

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NEURO ANATOMYNEURO ANATOMY

SOMASOMA

SPIRITUSSPIRITUS

PSYCHEPSYCHE

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Tujuan Instruksional Tujuan Instruksional khusus < TIK >khusus < TIK >

• Setelah mengikuti Kuliah-Kuliah Setelah mengikuti Kuliah-Kuliah Anatomi, mahasiswa diharapkan Anatomi, mahasiswa diharapkan dapat menguraikan Struktur sistem dapat menguraikan Struktur sistem sarafsaraf

• Pokok bahasan : SISTEM SARAFPokok bahasan : SISTEM SARAF

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Sub pokok bahasanSub pokok bahasan

• 1> MEDULLA SPINALIS1> MEDULLA SPINALIS• 2> BRAIN STEM2> BRAIN STEM• 3> CEREBELLUM3> CEREBELLUM• 4> HEMISPHERIUM CEREBRI4> HEMISPHERIUM CEREBRI

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• 5> CENTRUM SEMIOVALE + 5> CENTRUM SEMIOVALE + GANGLION BASALEGANGLION BASALE

• 6> NN.CRANIALES6> NN.CRANIALES• 7> SISTEMA VENTRICULI7> SISTEMA VENTRICULI• 8> LINTASAN STIMULUS8> LINTASAN STIMULUS

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PENDAHULUANPENDAHULUAN

• FUNGSI : ADAPTASIFUNGSI : ADAPTASI• Menerima Stimulus – rekam – Menerima Stimulus – rekam –

reaksi <motoris> dikendalikan – reaksi <motoris> dikendalikan – reflexreflex

• STIMULUS SENSIBEL<SENSORIS>STIMULUS SENSIBEL<SENSORIS>• Exteroceptif – proprioceptif - Exteroceptif – proprioceptif -

interoceptifinteroceptif

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PEMBAGIANPEMBAGIAN

• SUSUNAN SARAF PUSAT :SUSUNAN SARAF PUSAT :• EncephalonEncephalon• Medulla spinalisMedulla spinalis• SUSUNAN SARAF PERIFER :SUSUNAN SARAF PERIFER :• N.cranialis ( I – XII pasang )N.cranialis ( I – XII pasang )• N.spinalis ( 31 pasang )N.spinalis ( 31 pasang )• Sympathis - ParasympathisSympathis - Parasympathis

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ENCEPHALONENCEPHALON

• CAVITAS CRANIICAVITAS CRANII• PROSENCEPHALONPROSENCEPHALON : :• Telencephalon , DiencephalonTelencephalon , Diencephalon• MESENCEPHALONMESENCEPHALON• RHOMBENCEPHALON :RHOMBENCEPHALON :• Metencephalon, Pons,Cerebellum, Metencephalon, Pons,Cerebellum,

Med.oblongataMed.oblongata

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• RONGGA :RONGGA :• VENTRICULUS LATERALISVENTRICULUS LATERALIS• VENTRICULUS TERTIUSVENTRICULUS TERTIUS• VENTRICULUS QUARTUSVENTRICULUS QUARTUS

• LIQUOR CEREBROSPINALISLIQUOR CEREBROSPINALIS• Filtrasi darahFiltrasi darah

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STRUKTURSTRUKTUR

• NEURON : NUCLEUS , GANGLIONNEURON : NUCLEUS , GANGLION• CELL BODY – DENDRIT – NEURITCELL BODY – DENDRIT – NEURIT• SUBSTANTIA GRISEA – ALBASUBSTANTIA GRISEA – ALBA• TRACTUSTRACTUS

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MENINXMENINX

DURA MATERDURA MATER ARACHNOIDARACHNOID PIA MATERPIA MATER

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DURA MATERDURA MATER

• JARINGAN FIBROUS, KUAT, PUTIHJARINGAN FIBROUS, KUAT, PUTIH• Lamina meningealisLamina meningealis-endostealis-endostealis• Falx cerebriFalx cerebri• Tentorium cerebelliTentorium cerebelli• Falx cerebelliFalx cerebelli• Diaphragma sellaeDiaphragma sellae

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• FALX CEREBRI :FALX CEREBRI :• Vertikal, hemispherium sinister- Vertikal, hemispherium sinister-

dexterdexter• Sinus sagitalis superiorSinus sagitalis superior• Sinus sagitalis inferiorSinus sagitalis inferior• Sinus rectusSinus rectus

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• TENTORIUM CEREBELLI :TENTORIUM CEREBELLI :• BENTUK ARCUSBENTUK ARCUS• Memisahkan Cerebellum – lobus Memisahkan Cerebellum – lobus

occipitalis cerebrioccipitalis cerebri• Sinus transversusSinus transversus

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• FALX CEREBELLI :FALX CEREBELLI :• Bentuk bulan sabitBentuk bulan sabit• Caudalis tentorium cerebelliCaudalis tentorium cerebelli• Memisahkan lobus cerebelliMemisahkan lobus cerebelli

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• DIAPHRAGMA SELLAE :DIAPHRAGMA SELLAE :• Bentuk sirkuler, horizontalBentuk sirkuler, horizontal• Atap sella tursicaAtap sella tursica• HypophyseHypophyse• Di caudalis Chiasma opticumDi caudalis Chiasma opticum

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• ARACHNOID :ARACHNOID :• LEMBARAN TIPISLEMBARAN TIPIS• Membentuk Spatium subduraleMembentuk Spatium subdurale• Spatium subarachnoideum, berisi Spatium subarachnoideum, berisi

Liquor cerebrospinalisLiquor cerebrospinalis• CISTERNACISTERNA• Hubungan dgn Ventr.IVHubungan dgn Ventr.IV

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• GRANULATIONES ARACHNOIDEAGRANULATIONES ARACHNOIDEA• VILLI ARACHNOIDALEAVILLI ARACHNOIDALEA• SINUS SAGITALIS SUPERIORSINUS SAGITALIS SUPERIOR• FILTRASI LIQUOR FILTRASI LIQUOR

CEREBROSPINALISCEREBROSPINALIS• SINUS VENOSUS - CIRCULASISINUS VENOSUS - CIRCULASI

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MEDULLA SPINALISMEDULLA SPINALIS

• SUBSTANTIA GRISEASUBSTANTIA GRISEA• SUBSTANTIA ALBASUBSTANTIA ALBA• PANJANG 45 cm PANJANG 45 cm • CANALIS VERTEBRALISCANALIS VERTEBRALIS• SEGMEN CERVICALIS – SEGMEN CERVICALIS –

THORACALIS – LUMBALIS – THORACALIS – LUMBALIS – SACRALIS - COCCYGEUSSACRALIS - COCCYGEUS

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• FORAMEN OCCIPITALE MAGNUMFORAMEN OCCIPITALE MAGNUM• VERTEBRA LUMBALIS 2VERTEBRA LUMBALIS 2• Ascensus MedullaeAscensus Medullae• CONUS MEDULLARISCONUS MEDULLARIS• FILUM TERMINALE < 20 cm >FILUM TERMINALE < 20 cm >• CAUDA EQUINACAUDA EQUINA

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STRUKTUR LUARSTRUKTUR LUAR

• FISSURA MEDIANA ANTERIORFISSURA MEDIANA ANTERIOR• SULCUS MEDIANUS POSTERIORSULCUS MEDIANUS POSTERIOR• SULCUS LATERALIS ANTERIORSULCUS LATERALIS ANTERIOR• RADIX ANTERIORRADIX ANTERIOR• SULCUS LATERALIS POSTERIORSULCUS LATERALIS POSTERIOR• RADIX POSTERIORRADIX POSTERIOR• NERVUS SPINALISNERVUS SPINALIS

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STRUKTUR DALAMSTRUKTUR DALAM

• CORNU ANTERIUS – motorisCORNU ANTERIUS – motoris• CORNU POSTERIUS - sensibel :CORNU POSTERIUS - sensibel :• Apex – caput – collum- basisApex – caput – collum- basis• Substantia gelatinosa Rolandi – Substantia gelatinosa Rolandi –

Nucleus dorsalis Clarki – Nucleus Nucleus dorsalis Clarki – Nucleus propriusproprius

• Tr.dorsolateralis LissaueriTr.dorsolateralis Lissaueri

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• CORNU LATERALIS :CORNU LATERALIS :• Segmen Thoraco-lumbalis < C 8 – L Segmen Thoraco-lumbalis < C 8 – L

2 > , Sympathis2 > , Sympathis• Segmen Sacralis :Segmen Sacralis :• Parasympathis Parasympathis • SUBSTANTIA GRISEASUBSTANTIA GRISEA

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SUBSTANTIA ALBASUBSTANTIA ALBA

• SERABUT ASCENDENS :SERABUT ASCENDENS :• Sensibel, neurit ganglion spinale, Sensibel, neurit ganglion spinale,

berakhir pada cornu posterius – berakhir pada cornu posterius – Medulla OblongataMedulla Oblongata

• SERABUT DESCENDENS :SERABUT DESCENDENS :• Motoris dari EncephalonMotoris dari Encephalon• Cornu anterius ( Synapse )Cornu anterius ( Synapse )

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• SERABUT ASCENDENS :SERABUT ASCENDENS :• Tr.spinocerebellaris ventralisTr.spinocerebellaris ventralis• Tr.spinocerebellaris dorsalisTr.spinocerebellaris dorsalis• Tr.spinothalamicus anteriorTr.spinothalamicus anterior• Tr.spinothalamicus lateralisTr.spinothalamicus lateralis• Tr.spinotectalisTr.spinotectalis

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• FASCICULUS GRACILIS ( GOLL )FASCICULUS GRACILIS ( GOLL )• FASCICULUS CUNEATUS FASCICULUS CUNEATUS

<BURDACH><BURDACH>• Neurit ganglion spinaleNeurit ganglion spinale• NUCL.GRACILIS - CUNEATUSNUCL.GRACILIS - CUNEATUS• MED.OBLONGATAMED.OBLONGATA

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SERABUT DESCENDENSSERABUT DESCENDENS

• TR.CORTICOSPINALIS ANTTR.CORTICOSPINALIS ANT• TR.VESTIBULOSPINALISTR.VESTIBULOSPINALIS• TR.TECTOSPINALISTR.TECTOSPINALIS• TR.RETICULOSPINALISTR.RETICULOSPINALIS• TR.CORTICOSPIN.LATERALISTR.CORTICOSPIN.LATERALIS• TR.RUBROSPINALISTR.RUBROSPINALIS