present perfect tense

PRESENT PERFECT

By: Karla Romero

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TIMELINE

• Hired at Cen

Nov. 2012

• Hired at InterAmerican Academy

Jul. 2013 • Started

Destination Imagination

Sep. 2013

• Promoted to ELL Specialist

Jan. 2014

3I have taught English at Cen

since 2012.

4 I have worked at InterAmerican Academy

for a year.

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I’ve coached in Destination Imagination since 2013.

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I’ve been an ELL Specialist for seven months.

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PRESENT PERFECT

When did these activities start?

In the past.When did they finish?They continue to the present.

Conclusion 1: Present Perfect is used to describe activities that began in the past and continue to the present.

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I have helped animals to find a new home for a decade.

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I’ve had a dog since 2006.

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PRESENT PERFECT

Do you remember the words in blue?ForSinceWhen do you use for? Period of time.When do you use since?A specific time (year, month, day) in the

past.

Conclusion 2: For and Since are used to state or specify time.

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She has been at the supermarket for hours.

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He has worked at the hospital since 2010.

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We have celebrated their graduation for hours.

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They have been friends since 2011.

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PRESENT PERFECT

What do the words in red have in common?

Third Person Personal Pronouns.What do the words in purple have in common?

Plural Personal Pronouns.

Conclusion 3: The auxiliary has is used for third person singular pronouns and have is used for the rest of the pronouns.

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PRESENT PERFECT

She has been at the supermarket for hours.

She’s been at the supermarket for hours.

They have been friends since 2011.They ’ve been friends since 2011.

Conclusion 4: The auxiliary has can be contracted to ‘s and have can be contracted to ‘ve.

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Present Perfect

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Are the words in green + or -?Affirmative has / ‘s + main verbAre the words in purple + or -? Negative hasn’t + main verb

Conclusion 5: hasn’t is used to write negative sentences in present perfect for third person singular.

She has been at the supermarket for hours. She hasn’t been at home.

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Are the words in green + or -?Affirmative have / ‘ve + main verb

Are the words in purple + or -? Negative haven’t + main verb

Conclusion 5: haven’t is used to write negative sentences in present perfect except for third person singular.

I have taught English at Cen since 2012. I haven’t taught Italian.

Exercises:

1. Susan and Carlos ____________________ to Europe twice this year. (go)

2. I _____________________ a ghost (not/see)

4. The teacher _____________________ the students with their homework. (help)

5. Luis _____________________ all the questions in the exam. (not/answer)

3. I ______________________ in this company since 2001. (work)

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Question 1 :Fill in the blank with the correct present perfect simple.

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE

He has written a letter.

They have not stopped.

He hasn’t lived in US.

She has worked.

Andy has not slept.

Question 2 :Complete the chart with the correct form of PP.

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QUESTION 3 :PERIOD OF TIME OR SPECIFIC TIME IN THE PAST.

1. Phil / not / miss / the bus - -----------------------------------------

2. they / not / plant / a tree - ------------------------------------------

3. Vanessa / catch / the ball - ----------------------------------------

4. we / sell / our old car - ----------------------------------------------

5. the train / leave / the station----------------------------------------

Question 4 :Write sentences in present perfect simple.

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LINK TO PRACTICE

http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/prperf1.htm

The End