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C?ng nh? th? hi?u qu? c?ng th?p

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Khng i hi bt k dng hm s no o lng hiu qu sn xut ca mtfirm bao gm: Hiu qu k thut (TE) Hiu qu chi ph (CE) Hiu qu qui m (SE)

Xy dng ng gii hn sn xut t s liu thu thp c bng cng c lptrnh tuyn tnh.

M HNH DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis)C s xy dng m hnh DEA c lng TE, AE v CE

1.

(Hiu qu v k thut, phn phi v chi ph)T s liu thu thp v tnh hnh sn xut ca cc n v sn xut (A, B v B), chng trnh xy dng c ng gii hn kh nng sn xut SS cn c vo cc n v t hiu qu cao nht (best performance units)

B v B nm trn ng SS l nhng vsx t hiu qu k thut cao nht trong nhm. B v B t hiu qu k thut (TE) Xt A: khng nm trn SS nn khng t TE

OBH s hiu qu k thut TE ca vsx A l:

TE =

OA

H s hiu qu k thut TE ca vsx B v B l: TE = 1 = 100%

2

M HNH DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) 1.

C s xy dng m hnh DEA c lng TE, AE v CE (Hiu qu v k thut, phn phi v chi ph)Vi x1, x2 l chi ph cc input xy dng ng ng ph PP bao gm nhng vsx phn phi s dng cc input hp l vi gi c ca chng. vxs no nm trn PP l t hiu qu phn phi AE (s dng ngun lc hp l vi cc mc gi c) Xt B: khng nm trn PP nn khng t AE H s hiu qu phn phi AE ca vsx B l:

AE

OR OB

H s hiu qu phn phi AE ca vsx B l: AE = 1 = 100% Xt B: t ng thi TE v AE nn t hiu qu chi ph CE Ta c: CE = TE x AE

Va t TE, AE => t CE(im B)M HNH DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) 1.2

C s xy dng m hnh DEA c lng TE, AE v CEx /q S

ng bin sx/ ng lngIsoquant curve/ frontier A

ng ng phIsocost line

S x1/q

P R

B

B P

0

M HNH DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) 2. C s xy dng m hnh DEA c lng SE (hiu qu qui m)CRS Frontier C q BThe technically optimal

VRS Frontier

The decreasing returns to scale region

P(x)

productive scale point

Production set (S) AThe increasing returns to scale region or output set {P(x)}

x 0

3

C S XY DNG M HNH DEA c lng hiu qu qui m (SE)

Tnh hnh sn xut thc t ca cc vsx c th ri vo 3 trng hp sau: Hiu sut qui m tng dn (increasing return to

scale incr) Hiu sut qui m khng i (Constant return to

scale) Hiu sut qui m gim dn (Decreasing return to

scale decr)

tc l hiu sut theo qui m thay i (VRS) Cc vsx cn iu chnh qui m sn xut t trng thi CRS l qui m ti u

C S XY DNG M HNH DEA c lng hiu qu qui m (SE) 2. C s xy dng m hnh c lng SE (tt)CRS Frontier q

B VRS Frontier

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D

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C S XY DNG M HNH DEA c lng hiu qu qui m (SE)

ng bin VRS: c xy dng t kt qu sn xut ca cc vsx B, F, D B: ti tip im t hiu qu qui m ti u

F: t hiu qu theo VRS, cha phi ti u, cn c th tng ln c na D: cha t hiu qu theo VRS v CRS. So vi CRS: TECRS= GE/GD So vi VRS: TEVRS= GF/GD

Hiu qu qui m SE = TE / TECRS

VRS

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Cch s dng DEAP Version 2.1

DEAP program bao gm 5 file:

1. File chy chng trnh DEAP.EXE2. File start-up DEAP.000

3. File d liu (xxxxxxx.txt) 4. File hng dn (xxxxxxx.txt) 5. File kt qu (xxxxxxx.txt)

5

Data file

Text file S liu trnh by nh sau: Mi dng: l mt quan st (tc 1 vsx) Ct: phi c sp xp theo th t nht nh vsx. 1 vsx. 2 . vsx. N

Data file Chuyn file excel thnh file text: Chn Save as Save as type: chn dng text Lu : s liu khng dng du phn cch ngn, khi

chuyn sang dng text phn mm khng hiu c. Ch s liu, xa mc cc ct

Instruction file(ts-ins.txt) L text file, v khai bo cc thng tin bao gm: ts-dta.txt DATA FILE NAME ts-out.txt OUTPUT FILE NAME 30 NUMBER OF FIRMS NUMBER OF TIME PERIODS NUMBER OF OUTPUTS 1 NUMBER OF INPUTS 1 0=INPUT AND 1=OUTPUT ORIENTATED 5 0=CRS AND 1=VRS 0 0=DEA(MULTI-STAGE), 1=COST-DEA, 0 2=MALMQUIST-DEA, 3=DEA(1-STAGE), 4=DEA(21 STAGE). Nn dng li mu sn c trong chng trnh, khng nn t nh my.

6

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Ph tc hi qu thu (T hi qu ph ph ng lc (A hi qu s ch (C hi qu the qu sn (S c do ng ch

thy sn BSCL nm 2007.

Tnh hung ng dng1. Data: + 30 DN ch bin thy sn+ 1 output v 5 inputs

7

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