current status and development trends of harvesting machinery standards

中国收获机械标准现状与发展趋势Current Status and Development Trends of Harvesting

Machinery Standards in China

全国农业机械标准化技术委员会 (SAC/TC201)

Technical Committee 201 on Agricultural Machinery of Technical Committee 201 on Agricultural Machinery of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC201)Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC201)

Re Introduce ByRe Introduce ByM.M. Palitha Mahinda MunasingheM.M. Palitha Mahinda Munasinghe

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka 2016-07-22

[email protected]

内容 CContentsontents一 . 国际收获机械标准现状 Current Status of International Harvesting Machinery Standards二 . 中国收获机械标准现状 Current Status of Chinese Harvesting Machinery Standards三 . 中国收获机械标准发展趋势 Development Trends of Chinese Harvesting Machinery Standards

2016/7/22 [email protected]

• ISO/TC23 农林拖拉机和机械 SC7 收获和贮藏机械分技术委员会 ISO/TC 23 Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry SC7 Equipment for harvesting and conservation• 秘书国 Secretariat:: 意大利 Italy(UNI) P 成员 Participating countries（ 15） :比利时 Belgium（ NBN）、巴西 Brazil (ABNT)、

加拿大 Canada(SCC)、中国 China(SAC)、芬兰 Finland(SFS)、法国 France(AFNOR)、德国 Germany(DIN) 、意大利 Italy (UNI)、韩国 Korea, Republic of (KATS)、荷兰Netherlands(NEN)、俄罗斯 Russian Federation (GOST R)、西班牙 Spain(AENOR)、瑞士 Switzerland(SNV) 、英国 United Kingdom(BSI)、美国 United States(ANSI)

O 成员 Observing countries(15):阿根廷 Argentina(IRAM)、捷克 Czech Republic (UNMZ)、埃及 Egypt(EOS)、匈牙利 Hungary(MSZT)、印度 India(BIS)、伊朗 Iran, Islamic Republic of (ISIRI)、爱尔兰 Ireland(NSAI)、波兰 Poland(PKN)、葡萄牙 Portugal (IPQ)、罗马尼亚 Romania(ASRO)、塞尔维亚 Serbia (ISS) 、斯洛伐克 Slovakia(SOSMT)、瑞典Sweden(SIS)、土尔其 Turkey (TSE) 、乌克兰 Ukraine(DSTU)

• 国际收获机械标准共 22 个标准，大都被中国等同或修改采用为国家标准 The international harvesting machinery standard contains 22 standards, and

most of them are equaled to adopted as the national standard in China

一、国际收获机械标准现状 Current Status of International Harvesting Machinery Standards



ISO 4254-7: 2008 Agricultural machinery--Safety--Part 7: Combine harvesters, forage harvesters and cotton harvesters 农业机械安全第 7 部分：联合收割机、饲料和棉花收获机ISO 4254-10: 2009 Agricultural machinery--Safety--Part 10: Rotary tedders and rakes 农业机械安全第 10 部分：旋转式摊草机和搂草机ISO 4254-11: 2010 Agricultural machinery--Safety--Part 11: Pick-up balers 农业机械 - 安全 -第 11 部分：捡拾打捆机ISO 4254-12: 2012 Agricultural machinery--Safety--Part 12: Rotary disc and drum mowers and flail mowers 农业机械 - 安全 -第 12 部分：转鼓式割草机和甩刀式割草机ISO 4254-13: 2012 Agricultural machinery--Safety--Part 13: Large rotary mowers 农业机械 - 安全 -第 13 部分：大型旋转式割草机ISO 4254-14: 2016 Agricultural machinery--Safety--Part 14: Bale wrappers 农业机械 - 安全 -第 14 部分：缠膜打包机


ISO 5687: 1999 Equipment for harvesting--Combine harvesters--Determination and designation of grain tank capacity and unloading device performance 收获机械联合收割机粮箱容量及卸粮机构性能的测定与标定ISO 5702: 1983 Equipment for harvesting--Combine harvester component parts--Equivalent terms 收获机械联合收割机组成部件对应术语ISO 5715: 1983 Equipment for harvesting--Dimensional compatibility of forage harvesting machinery 收获机械饲料收割机相关尺寸ISO 5718: 2013 Harvesting equipment--Blades for agricultural rotary mowers--Requirements 收获机械旋转式割草机用刀片技术规范ISO 6689-1: 1997 Equipment for harvesting--Combines and functional components--Part 1: Vocabulary 收获机械联合收割机和工作部件第 1 部分：词汇




ISO 6689-2: 1997 Equipment for harvesting--Combines and functional components--Part 2: Assessment of characteristics and performance defined in vocabulary 收获机械联合收割机和工作部件第 2 部分：词汇中定义的特征和性能的评估ISO 8210: 1989 Equipment for harvesting--Combine harvesters--Test procedure 收获机械联合收割机试验规程ISO 8909-1: 1994 Forage harvesters--Part 1: Vocabulary 饲料收获机第 1 部分：词汇ISO 8909-2: 1994 Forage harvesters--Part 2: Specification of characteristics and performance 饲料收获机第 2 部分：技术特性和性能ISO 8909-3: 1994 Forage harvesters--Part 3: Test methods 饲料收获机第 3 部分：试验方法ISO 11450: 1999 Equipment for harvesting and conservation--Round balers--Terminology and commercial specifications 收获和贮存设备圆捆打捆机术语和商用规范


ISO 11520-1 ： 1997 Agricultural grain driers--Determination of drying performance--Part 1: General 谷物干燥机干燥性能的测定第 1 部分：总则ISO 11520-2 ： 1997 Agricultural grain driers--Determination of drying performance--Part 2: Additional procedures and crop-specific requirements 谷物干燥机干燥性能的测定第 2 部分：附加规程和作物的特殊要求ISO 17101-1 ： 2012 Agricultural machinery--Thrown-object test and acceptance criteria--Part 1: Rotary mowers 农业机械抛出物测试和接收条件第1 部分旋转式割草机ISO 17101-2 ： 2012 Agricultural Agricultural machinery--Thrown-object test and acceptance criteria--Part 2: Flail mowers 农业机械抛出物测试和接收条件第 2 部分甩刀式割草机ISO 17103 ： 2003 Agricultural machinery--Rotary disc mowers, rotary drum mowers and flail mowers--Test methods and acceptance criteria for protective skirts 农业机械旋转式和甩刀式割草机防护罩的试验方法和试验规范



外形尺寸（ Lⅹ Wⅹ H,mm） size 6800ⅹ 2960ⅹ 3440

整机质量（ kg） total weight 5260-5870

喂入量（ kg/s） feed quantity 6

割幅（ mm） cutting width 2560最小离地间隙（mm）minimum groud clearance

300

粮仓容积（ m³） grain tank capacity 2.2

脱粒分离方式 threshing and separating way

切流 + 横轴流 tangential flow + horizontal axial flow

清选方式 cleaning way 风筛式 air sieving

配套动力（ kW） power 98

作业小时生产率（ hm²/h） productivity 0.5～ 1.1

驱动轮距（ mm） wheel base 1805/1835

最高行走速度（ km/h）maximum running speed 27

1. 收获机械产品 Harvesting Machinery Products 全喂入联合收割机 ( 稻、麦、油菜 ) Whole-feed combine harvesters (rice, wheat, rape) 轮式 wheel type

福田雷沃 GE60(4LZ-6E3)Foton Lovol GE60(4LZ-6E3)


中联重机 4LZ-7CH

整机尺寸 mm size 6893×3123×3450整机重量 kg total weight 6331

轮距 mm wheel base 驱动轮 driving wheel 1900,转向轮 steering wheel 1810割幅 mm cutting range 2750喂入量 kg/s feed quantity 7最小离地间隙 mm minimum groud clearance 280脱粒装置型式 threshing device 纵轴流齿杆式 vertical axial flow rack滚筒宽度 × 直径 mmroller width×diameter ∮ 550×3250分离机构型式 separating device 栅格式 grid

分离面积 m² separating area 2.33

清选机构型式 cleaning device 独立抖动板 + 双层同向振动筛sepatated + double-deck vibrating sieve

清选面积 m² cleaning area 2.248粮箱容积 m³ grain tank capacity 2.4

发动机功率 kw power 92、 98、 100燃油消耗率 kg/hm² fuel consumption rate ≤35

变速箱形式 transmission

机械无极变速（ 3+1） / 机械变速箱 + 液压无极变速器（ HST ）mechanical stepless transmission (3+1) / mechanical transmission + hydraulic stepless transmission (HST)

1. 收获机械产品 Harvesting Machinery Products 全喂入联合收割机 ( 稻、麦、油菜 ) Whole-feed combine harvesters (rice, wheat, rape) 轮式 wheel type


外形尺寸 mm size 5080 × 2450 × 2705整机使用质量 kg total weight 2945配套发动机 engine 60割幅宽度 mm cutting width 2000喂入量 kg/s feed quantity 3.6最小离地间隙 mm minimum ground clearance 245理论作业速度 km/h theoretical working speed 0 ～ 4.45、 0 ～ 5.53

作业生产率 hm2/h productivity 0.3～ 0.5

燃油消耗量 kg/hm2 fuel consumption amount ≤ 30

割台搅龙形式伸缩式横向输送拨禾轮型式偏心式 centrifugal 凹板筛型式栅格式 grid轨距 mm 1150履带规格 ( 节距 x 节数 x 宽度 ) track 90mm × 51 节 × 400mm

变速箱类型 transmission 三档齿轮变速箱 + 液压无级变速器（ HST ）

茎杆切碎器形式刀片旋转式 ( 选配 )接粮方式 unloading way 机械卸粮 / 人工接粮

mechanical / manual

1. 全喂入联合收割机 whole-feed combine harvesters 履带式 track type

星光农机 4LZ-3.6Z


外型尺寸 mm size 5260*2850*2680

割台割幅 mm cutting width 2100

喂入量 kg/S feed quantity ≥2.5

配套动力 kw power 52

变速箱形式 transmission （ 6+2） shift

总损失率 %total loss rate

≤3.0( 水稻 rice) ≤1.2( 小麦wheat)

破碎率 %damage rate

≤1.5( 水稻 rice) ≤1.0( 小麦wheat)

含杂率 %impurity rate ≤2.0

生产率 hm2/hproductivity 0.2~0.47

粮仓容积 m3

grain tank capacity 0.2/0.7

卸谷方式unloading way

高搅拢螺旋搅拢自动卸粮 automatic

整机重量级 kgtotal weight 2687

浙江柳林 4LZ-2.5



整机尺寸（工作状态）（ mm ）total size (working state)

3900×3800×2430

整机质量（ kg） total weight 1350发动机功率（ KW ） power额定转速（） rated speed23kW,2200 r/min

行走部分running part

履带规格（ mm ）track

90×38×280

轨距（ mm ） 820最小离地间隙（mm）minimum ground clearance

230

收割部分cutting part

割幅（ m ）cutting width

1.36

喂入量（ kg/s)feed amount

1.6

割台升降方式cutting table lifting

液压 hydraulic

脱粒部分threshing part

脱粒方式threshing

轴流杆齿式axial flow rack脱粒筒尺寸（ mm ）

threshing cylinder sizeφ620×770

操纵部分controlling part

进口液压无极变速（ HST)imported hydraulic stepless transmission清选型式

cleaning device振动筛 + 离心风扇vibrating sieve+ centrifugal fan卸粮方式

unloading way机械旋转卸粮mechanical rotary作业效率

productivity3-5亩 / 小时3-5 mu/h适合作物

suitable grain水稻小麦rice, wheat

江苏沃得 4LZ-1.6E



整机尺寸 mm tota size 4500×2340×2280

结构质量 kg weight 2820发动机 engine 功率 power/ 转速 speed 35.6kW/2500r/min行走部分running part

履带 (长 *宽 )mm track

450*1520

变速方式transmission

液压无级变速（ H.S.T)副变速 3 档hydraulic stepless transmissionsub-transmission 3 gear

割台cutting table

变速档数gear

2 档同步变速2 gear synchronized transmission

割幅宽度 cutting width 1450倒伏适应性（度）lodging adaptability(degree）

顺割 85度 prograde cutting 85° ，逆割 70度 retrograde cutting 75°

脱离筒转速 (r.p.m) threshing cylinder speed

稻、麦： 510rice, wheat: 510

处理筒转速 (r.p.m)processing cylinder speed

稻 rice： 1298 ，麦 wheat： 1468

谷物卸料装置（容量：袋）grain unloading/discharging (bag)

漏斗内 inside the funnel： 5卸料口 discharging opening： 3

稻草卸料straw unloading

切碎器（配有扩散绞笼）cutter

收割能力（亩 / 小时）productivity (mu/h)

≦ 7.5 （直立作物较硬田块情况下）（ in hard fields/soil）

1.半喂入联合收割机（稻、麦） Head-feed combine harvesters (rice, wheat)

江苏东洋HL6060C


外形尺寸 mm size 4270×1900×2500动力功率 /转速 power/speed 53 kW 2400 r/min

整机质量 kg total weight2850 （大仓 big tank ），2765 （小仓 small tank ）

工作幅度 mm cutting width 1500最小离地间隙 (mm) minimum ground clearance 179作业速度 (km/h) working speed 0 ～ 7.16生产率 (hm²/h) productivity 0.27～ 0.47倒伏适应性（度）lodging adaptability（ degree）顺割≤ 85° ，逆割≤ 75°

prograde cutting ≤85°retrograde cutting ≤75°

滚筒 cylinder外径×长度 )(mm)outer diameter × length φ424×900转速（ r/min） speed 525

凹板筛型式冲孔式或栅格式 punch/grid振动筛型式 vibrating sieve 鱼鳞筛 + 筛网

scalelike sieve + sieve mesh

风扇直径 (mm) fan diameter 鼓风 φ334 air blast吸风 φ252 air suction履带规格（节距×节数×宽） (mm×节×mm) track 90×46×400

变速箱类型 transmission 静液压无级变速 +3 档机械变速hydrostatic stepless transmission + 3 gear mechanical transmission

总损失率 total loss rate ≤2.5% （水稻 rice） ≤ 3.0% （小麦wheat ）含杂率 impurity rate ≤1.0% （水稻 rice） ≤ 2.0% （小麦wheat ）破碎率 damage rate ≤0.5% （水稻 rice） ≤ 0.5% （小麦wheat ）

常发农装 4LB-150II CF604

1. 半喂入联合收割机（稻、麦） Head-feed combine harvesters (rice, wheat)


外形尺寸（ mm） size 7400Х2560Х3620整机质量（ kg） total weight 6750

动力 (kw) power 103摘穗形式ear-picking device 辊式摘穗 roller

果穗箱容积（ m³ ）ear tank capacity 2.4

还田机形式machine (straw returning to fields)

前置还田机 forward

功能 functions

摘穗、剥皮、收集、装箱、茎秆粉碎还田ear-picking, peeling ， collecting，packing， straw smashing and returning to fields生产率（ hm²/h ）

productivity 0.33-0.8

剥皮辊数量（对）peeling rollers（ pair） 8

最大卸粮高度（ mm ）maximum unloading height 1850还田机幅宽（mm） returning machine width

1950

固定行距 /适应行距（mm） fixed/adaptable line spacing

680/550-800

作业行数 lines 3

雷沃重工 CB03(4YZ-3J)

1.玉米收获机 Maize harvesters


外形尺寸 mm size 7300×3150×3700

结构质量 kg weight 7500

发动机功率 kW engine power

118

发动机转速 r/min engine speed

2200

适应行距范围 mmrange of adaptable line spacing

500-600

粮仓容积 m3

grain tank capacity 2.7

最小离地间隙 mm minimum ground clearance

350

籽粒总损失率 %seed loss rate

≤2%

剥叶剥净率 %purity rate of cornhusking

≥95%

勇猛机械 4YZ-4Z

1.玉米收获机 Maize harvesters


整机尺寸 mm size 6050×2200×3600

结构质量 kg weight 6990

配套动力 kW power 91

适应行距 mm adaptable line spacing

≥900~1200

适应垄高 mm adaptable ridge height

150~200

适应坡度 ° adaptable slope

5

作业速度 km/h working speed

0~3.5

切割高度合格率 % ≥90

宿根破头率 % ≤15

含杂率 % impurity rate ≤7

总损失率 % total loss rate

≤7

蔗段合格率 % ≥90

1.甘蔗收获机 Sugarcane harvesters 切段式

广东科利亚 4GZ-91


外形尺寸（长 X宽 X 高） mm size 2050x800x1055

整机净质量 kg weight 220

标定功率 kW power 4.05

额定转速 r/min rated speed 1800

割茬高度 mm cutting height ≥80~150

捆扎方式 tying way全自动机械式full-automatically mechanical

草捆直径 mm straw bundle diameter ≥80

与动力挂接形式直联式捆扎高度 mm tying height 270

作业宽幅 mm working width 600

作业速度 km/h working speed 1.4～ 3.8

纯工作小时生产率 h㎡ /h productivity ≧ 0.12

1. 割捆机 Binders

潍坊圣川机械 4K-50


采棉头个数 cotton pickers 5 个采净率 purity rate of picking ≥ 93%籽棉含杂率 impurity rate of seed cotton ≤ 10%作业效率 productivity 10~15亩 /小时含杂率 impurity rate ≤ 11％可靠性 reliability ≥ 92％油耗 fuel consumption 2.4kg/亩配套动力 power 214Kw发动机额定功率 /转速engine power/ speed 214km/2200rpm

采摘速度picking speed

一档 first gear 0～ 5.8km/h二档 second gear 0~7.0km/h

运输速度 transport speed 0~24.0km/h棉箱总容积 cotton tank capacity 32.8 立方米 m3

燃料油箱 fuel oil tank 454L外部尺寸 size 8240×4600×4826mm

平水 4MZ-5A

1. 棉花收获机 cotton harvesters


二、中国收获机械标准现状 Current Status of Chinese Harvesting Machinery Standards

中国从上世纪 60年代就开始制定谷物收获机标准，首先制定了 NJ 8-1963 农业机械切割器，经过几轮制修订，形成以收获谷物作物为主，经济作物为辅的收获机械标准体系。China has begun to establish standards for grain harvesters since 1960s, and firstly made the NJ 8-1963 agricultural machinery cutters. After several revisions, the harvesting machinery standard system of grain first and cash crop second was formed 目前，收获谷物的全喂入联合收割机、半喂入联合收割机、玉米收获机、棉花收获机比较齐全，经济作物如甜菜、马铃薯、甘蔗也制定试验方法标准。Now days, grain harvesters like combine harvesters, maize harvesters and cotton harvesters have formed a relatively complete standard system. Test method standards for cash crops like beets, potatoes and sugar-canes are also under establishment


2.1 安全标准 Safety standards GB 10395.7-2006 农林拖拉机和机械安全技术要求第 7 部分：联合收割机、饲料和棉花收获机 Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry--

Technical means for ensuring safety--Part 7: Combine harvesters, forage and cotton harvesters

GB 16151.12-2008 农业机械运行安全技术条件第 12 部分：谷物联合收割机 Technical requirements of operating safety for agricultural machinery Part 12 ：Grain combine harvester

GB 19997-2005 谷物联合收割机噪声限值 Limits for noise emitted by grain combine harvester

2 现有标准 Existing standards


JB/T 5117-2006 全喂入联合收割机技术条件 Technical requirements for whole-feed combine harvester

GB/T 20790-2006 半喂入联合收割机技术条件 Technical requirements for head-feed combine harvester

GB/T 21962-2008 玉米收获机械技术条件 Technical requirements for maize combine harvester

GB/T 24686-2009 水稻割捆机 Rice binder GB/T 21397-2008 棉花收获机 Cotton harvesters GB/T 10394.2-2002 饲料收获机第 2 部分 : 技术特征及性能 Forage harvesters--Part

2: Specification of characteristics and performance GB/T 10394.4-2009 饲料收获机第 4 部分：安全和作业性能要求 Forage

harvesters--part 4: Safety and performance JB/T 11912-2014 大豆联合收割机 Soybean combine harvester JB/T 11914-2014 亚麻收获机 Flax harvester JB/T 12444-2015 棉秆联合收割机 Cotton stalk combine harvester JB/T 12449-2015 油菜籽联合收获机 Rapeseed combine harvester

2.2 整机标准 standards for the total machine


GB/T 8097-2008 收获机械联合收割机试验方法 Equipment for harvesting--Combine harvesters--Test procedure

GB/T 14248-2008 收获机械制动性能测定方法 Determination of braking performance for harvesting machinery

GB/T 8094-2005 收获机械联合收割机粮箱容量及卸粮机构性能的测定Equipment for harvesting--Combine harvesters--Determination and designation of grain tank capacity and unloading device performance

GB/T 10394.3-2002 饲料收获机第 3 部分 : 试验方法 Forage harvesters--Part 3: Test methods

GB/T 21961-2008 玉米收获机械试验方法 Test methods for maize combine harvester

GB/T 29002-2012 全喂入联合收割机燃油消耗量指标及测量方法 Whole-feed combine harvester--Evaluation index and measurement methods for fuel consumption

2.3 试验方法 Test methods


GB/T 29003-2012 半喂入联合收割机燃油消耗量指标及测量方法 Head-feed combine harvester- Evaluation index and measurement methods for fuel consumption JB/T 6268-2015 自走式收获机械噪声测定方法 Self-propelled harvester- Noise measurement methodJB/T 5243-2015 收获机械传动箱清洁度测定方法 Harvesting machinery- Transmission box- Test method of cleanlinessJB/T 7316-2015 谷物联合收割机液压系统试验方法 Grain combine harvester-Hydraulic systems- Test methodJB/T 6287-2008 谷物联合收割机可靠性评定试验方法 Reliability determination test methods for grain combine harvestersJB/T 6275-2007 甘蔗收获机械试验方法 Test methods for sugar-cane harvesting machineryJB/T 6276-2007 甜菜收获机械试验方法 Testing methods of beet harvesting machinery

2.3 试验方法 Test methods


GB/T 1209.1-2009 农业机械切割器第 1 部分：总成 Agricultural machinery--Cutter bars--Part 1: Assembly

GB/T 1209.2-2009 农业机械切割器第 2 部分：护刃器 Agricultural machinery--Cutter bars--Part 2: Guard

GB/T 1209.3-2009 农业机械切割器第 3 部分：动刀片、定刀片和刀杆 Agricultural machinery--Cutter bars--Part 3: Knife sections, ledger plates and knife backs

GB/T 1209.4-2009 农业机械切割器第 4 部分：压刃器 Agricultural machinery--Cutter bars--Part 4: Knife clips

GB/T 1209.5-2009 农业机械切割器第 5 部分：摩擦片 Agricultural machinery--Cutter bars--Part 5: Wearing plates

GB/T 8095-2005 饲料收获机械的相关配套尺寸 Equipment for harvesting--Dimensional compatibility of forage harvesting machinery

JB/T 6682-2008 联合收割机橡胶履带系列参数 Combines--rubber track--series parameter

2.4 零部件及配套尺寸 Components and sizes


GB/T 6979.1-2005 收获机械联合收割机及功能部件第 1 部分 : 词汇Equipment for harvesting--Combines and functional components

Part 1: Vocabulary GB/T 6979.2-2005 收获机械联合收割机和工作部件第 2 部分：在词汇中定义的性能和特征评价 Equipment for harvesting--Combines and functional components

Part 2: Assessment of characteristics and performance defined in vocabulary

GB/T10394.1-2002 饲料收获机第 1 部分 : 术语 Forage harvesters--Part 1: Vocabulary

2.5 词汇 vocabulary


作业质量 Operating quality NY/T 498-2013 水稻联合收割机作业质量 Operating quality for rice combine harvesters NY/T 502-2002 花生收获机作业质量 Operating quality for peanut harvester NY/T 991-2006 牧草收获机械作业质量 Operating quality for hay-harvesting equipment NY/T 995-2006 谷物（小麦）联合收获机械作业质量 Operating quality for Grain (wheat) combine

harvesting machinery NY/T 1133-2006 采棉机作业质量 Operating quality for cotton picker NY/T 1355-2007 玉米收获机作业质量 Operating quality for corn harvester NY/T 1412-2007 甜菜收获机作业质量 Operating quality for beet harvester NY/T 1824-2009 番茄收获机作业质量 Operating quality for tomato harvester NY/T 2088-2011 玉米青贮收获机作业质量 Operation quality of corn silage harvesting machines NY/T 2199-2012 油菜联合收割机作业质量 Operating quality for rape combine harvester NY/T 2464-2013 马铃薯收获机作业质量 Operating quality for potato harvesters NY/T 2614-2014 采茶机作业质量 Operating quality for tea picking machines

2.6 现行收获机械农业行业标准 Current Agriculture Industry Standard (NY） for harvesting machinery


质量评价 Quality evaluation NY/T 645 - 2002 玉米收获机质量评价技术规范 Technical specification of

quality evaluation for corn harvester NY/T 648 - 2015 马铃薯收获机质量评价技术规范 Technical specification

of quality evaluation for potato harvesters NY/T 1141-2006 稻麦割脱机质量评价技术规范 Technical specification of

quality evaluation for rice and wheat cutter-thresher NY/T 1231-2006 油菜联合收获机质量评价技术规范 Technical specification

of quality evaluation for rape combine harvester NY/T 1770-2009 甘蔗剥叶机质量评价技术规范 Technical specification of

quality evaluation for sugarcane cleaner NY/T 1130-2006 马铃薯收获机 Potato harvester 修理禁用 Repair disabled NY/T 998-2006 谷物联合收割机修理技术条件 Repairing technical

specifications for grain combine harvester NY/T 1926-2010 玉米收获机修理质量 Repairing quality for corn harvester NY/T 1875-2010 联合收割机禁用与报废技术条件 Disable and discard for

combine harvester

2.6 2.6 现行收获机械农业行业标准现行收获机械农业行业标准 Current Agriculture Industry Standard (NYCurrent Agriculture Industry Standard (NY ）） forfor harvesting machineryharvesting machinery


安全监理 Safety supervision NY 345.2-2005 联合收割机号牌 Combine number plate NY 347.2-2005 联合收割机行驶证证件 Combine running license NY 1371-2007 联合收割机驾驶证证件 Combine driving license NY/T 1830-2009 拖拉机和联合收割机安全监理检验技术规范 Technical specification for

safety supervision inspection of tractor and combine harvesters NY 2188-2012 联合收割机号牌座设置技术要求 Technical specifications for license plate

holder setting on combine harvesters NY 2608-2014 联合收获机械安全标志 Safety sigus for combine harvesters NY 2610-2014 谷物联合收割机安全操作规程 Codes of safe opration for grain combine

harvesters NY/T 2612-2014 农业机械机身反光标识 Safe retro-reflective markings for agricultural

machinery评价方法 Evaluation method NY/T 1645-2008 谷物联合收割机适用性评价方法 The evaluation method of suitability for grain combine harvester

NY/T 1932-2010 联合收割机燃油消耗量评价指标及测量方法 Evaluating index and testing method of fuel consumption for combine harvester

2.6 现行收获机械农业行业标准 Current Agriculture Industry Standard (NY ） for harvesting machinery


GB/T 自走式玉米收获机械燃料消耗量指标及测量方法 Self-propelled corn harvester—Evaluation index and measurement methods for fuel consumption

GB/T 联合收割机监测控制系统技术要求及评价方法 Combine harvester--Technical requirements and evaluation methods for monitoring and controlling system

GB/T 玉米收获机摘穗割台 Corn harvest machine--Picking headerJB/T5117 全喂入联合收割机技术条件 Technical requirements for whole-feed

combine harvesterJB/T 联合收割机传动箱 Combine harvester--Transmission boxJB/T 联合收割机驱动桥 Combine harvester--Drive axleJB/T 花生联合收获机 Peanut combine harvesterJB/T 微型全喂入联合收割机 Mini-type whole-feeding combine harvesters

2.7 正在制定的标准项目 Standards being made


GB/T 4269.1-2000 农林拖拉机和机械、草坪和园艺动力机械操作者操纵机构及其它显示用装置符号第 1 部分：通用符号 Tractors， machinery for agriculture and

forestry ， powered lawn and garden equipment-Symbols for operator controls and other displays-Part 1: Common symbols

GB/T 4269.2-2000 农林拖拉机和机械、草坪和园艺动力机械操作者操纵机构及其它显示用装置符号第 2 部分：农用拖拉机和机械用符号 Tractors， machinery

for agriculture and forestry， powered lawn and garden equipment--Symbols for operator controls and other displays-Part 2: Symbols for agricultural tractors and machinery

GB/T 9480-2001 农林拖拉机和机械、草坪和园艺动力机械使用说明书编制规则Tractors machinery for agriculture and forestry ， powered lawn and garden equipment--Operator’s manuals-Content and presentation

GB 10395.1-2009 农林机械安全第 1 部分：总则 Agricultural and forestry machinery--Safety-Part 1: General requirements

GB 10396-2006 农林拖拉机和机械、草坪和园艺机械安全标志和危险图形总则Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment--Safety signs and hazard pictorials-General principles

2.8 2.8 收获机械相关标准收获机械相关标准 Relevant standards for harvesting Relevant standards for harvesting machinerymachinery


项目 item 小麦 wheat 水稻 rice

机型 type 自走式self-propelled

背负式backpack

自走式self-propelled

背负式backpacked生产率 (hm2／ h)

productivity达到使用说明书最高值 80％的规定

80% of the maximum in the instruction booklet总损失率 % total loss rate ≤1.2 ≤1.5 ≤3.0 ≤3.5

含杂率 % impurity rate ≤2.0 ≤2.0 ≤2.0 ≤2.0

破碎率 % damage rate ≤1.0 ≤1.0 ≤1.5 ≤1.5


在不低于标定喂入量、切割线以上无杂草、作物直立、小麦草谷比为 0.6～ 1.2 、籽粒含水率为 12％～ 20％；水稻草谷比为 1.0～ 2.4 、籽粒含水率为 15％～28％的条件下；其作业性能应符合表 1 的规定。The operating performance should meet the requirements in Table 1 based on those conditions: feed amount ≥ calibrated value， straw: seed (wheat) = 0.6～ 1.2, seed moisture content (wheat) = 12％～ 20％； straw: seed (rice) = 1.0～ 2.4, seed moisture content (rice) = 15％～ 28％ .


可靠性 Reliability平均故障间隔时间不小于 50h ，有效度不小于 93 ％ average time interval of breakdown ≥ 50h, efficiency ≥ 93%

通过能力 Passing capability自走式机型最小离地间隙：轮式联合收割机不小于 250mm；履带式联合收割机不小于 180mm。minimum ground clearance of self-propelled machines: wheeled combine harvesters ≥ 250mm; tracked ≥ 180mm 履带式机型对土壤单位面积上接地压力不大于 24kPa。pressure of tracked combine harvesters on ground (unit area) ≤ 24kPa

割台 Cutting table提升速度不低于 0.2m/s ，下降速度不低于 0.15m/s；割台静置 30min后，静沉降量不大于 10mm。rising speed ≥ 0.2m/s, falling speed ≥ 0.15m/s; after 30-minute static settlement of the cutting table, the static lifting value ≤ 10mm.



项目 item 水稻 rice 小麦 wheat

总损失率／ %total loss rate ≤2.5 ≤3.0

含杂率／ %impurity rate ≤1.0 ≤2.0

破碎率／ %damage rate ≤0.5 ≤0.5

在不低于最大收割速度的 70％下收割、切割线以上无杂草、作物直立、自然高度在 650mm～ 1200mm之间，穗幅差不大于 250mm，小麦籽粒含水率为 14％～ 22％；水稻籽粒含水率为 15％～ 28％的条件下；其作业性能应符合表 1的规定。 The operating performance should meet the requirements in Table 1 based on those conditions: harvesting speed ≥ 70% of the maximum value, natural height = 650mm～ 1200mm, ear range difference ≤ 250mm, seed moisture content (wheat) = 14％～ 22％； seed moisture content (rice) = 15％～ 28％ .

GB/T 20790-2006 半喂入联合收割机技术条件 Technical requirements for head-feed combine harvester


可靠性 Reliability按 JB/T6287 规定的试验方法下，平均故障间隔时间应不小于 50h ，有效度应不小于 93％。 average time interval of breakdown ≥ 50h, efficiency ≥ 93% (JB/T6287 test method)扶禾性能 Lifting capability对倒伏角不大于 70° 的作物应能扶起。should lift the crops whose lodging angle ≤ 70°通过性能 Passing capability联合收割机整机平均接地压力应不大于 24 kPa。 pressure of tracked combine harvesters on ground (unit area) ≤ 24kPa 联合收割机最小离地间隙应不小于 170 mm。 minimum ground clearance of combine harvesters ≥ 170mm

GB/T 20790-2006 半喂入联合收割机技术条件 Technical requirements for head-feed combine harvesters


收获机在标定持续作业量、籽粒含水率为 25%~35% （适用于果穗收获 ) 、籽粒含水率为15%~25% （适用于直接脱粒收获），植株倒伏率低于 5% 、果穗下垂率低于 15% 、最低结穗高度大于 35cm 的条件下收获时，其主要性能指标应符合下列的规定。The operating performance should meet the following requirements based on those conditions: under the calibrated continuous operating value， seed moisture content is 25%~35% (ear harvesting), seed moisture content is 15%~25%(direct threshing harvest), plant lodging rate ＜ 5%, ear dropping rate ＜ 15%, minimum ear height ＞ 35cm.

总损失率 / % total loss rate ≤4 （收果穗方式） ear harvesting

≤5 ( 直收籽籽方式 )direct seed harvesting

粒籽破碎率 / % damage rate of seed≤1 （收果穗方式） ear harvesting

≤5 ( 直收籽籽方式 ) direct seed harvesting

果穗含杂率 / % impurity rate of corn ear ≤1.5 （收果穗方式） ear harvesting

籽粒含杂率 / % impurity rate of seed ≤3 ( 直收籽籽方式 ) direct seed harvesting苞叶剥净率 / % purity rate of corn husking ≥85

秸秆粉碎回收型秸秆切段质量切段长度标准差 / % ≤2.0

切段长度相对误差 / % ≤13

割茬高度 / mm ≤100( 地面平整 )

秸秆粉碎还田型按 JB/T 6678—2001 中表 1 或表 2 的规定



可靠性 Reliability按 JB/T6287 规定的试验方法，平均故障间隔时间不小于 50h ，有效度不小于 93％。 average time interval of breakdown ≥ 50h, efficiency ≥ 93% (JB/T6287 test method)割台 Cutting table自走式收获机割台液压升降机构在工作状态下，提升速度应不小于 0.2 m/s。割台升降可靠，不得有卡滞现象，提升到最高位置停留 30min后，割台静沉降量应不大于 15mmLifting speed of hydraulic lifting device for self-propelled harvester should ≥ 0.2 m/s under the operating situation. After 30-minute static settlement of the cutting table in the highest position, the static lifting value should ≤ 15mm.

≥



应在全田 90%以上油菜角果外观颜色全部变黄色或褐色，完熟度基本一致的条件下进行。最佳收获时刻是早、晚或阴天。在成熟后期，应尽量避开中午气温高时进行收割Rape color: ＞ 90% of the rape turn yellow or brown; best harvesting time:

morning, evening or cloudy day; in the later period of ripening, the harvesting should avoid the high temperature in the noon

在不低于标定喂入量、作物高度 550 mm～ 1700 mm 、倒伏程度不大于70 度条件下；其作业性能应符合表 1 的规定

The operating performance should meet the requirements in Table 1 based on those conditions: feed amount ≥ calibrated value, crop height = 550mm~1700mm, lodging angle ≤ 70°

项目item

指标 specifications直播油菜 direct sowing raoe 移栽油菜transplanting rape生产率／ (hm2／ h)

productivity达到使用说明书最高值的 80％

总损失率 % ／ total loss rate ≤ 7.0 ≤ 8.0含杂率 % ／ impurity rate ≤ 4.0 ≤ 6.0

破碎率 % ／ damage rate ≤ 0.5 ≤ 0.5

JB/T 12449-2015 油菜籽联合收获机 Rapeseed combine harvester


可靠性 Reliability按 JB/T6287 规定的试验方法下，平均故障间隔时间不小于 50h ，有效度不小于 93％。average time interval of breakdown ≥ 50h,

efficiency ≥ 93% (JB/T6287 test method)通过能力 Passing capability自走式机型最小离地间隙：轮式油菜籽收获机不小于 250mm；履带式油菜籽收获机不小于

180mm。minimun ground clearance of self-propelled machines: wheeled ≥ 250mm; tracked ≥ 180mm

履带式机型对土壤单位面积上接地压力不大于24kPa。 pressure of tracked harvesters on ground (unit area) ≤ 24kPa

JB/T 12449-2015 油菜籽联合收获机Rapeseed combine harvester


修改采用 ISO8210： 1989 《收获机械联合收割机试验方法》Revised and adopted ISO8210: 1989 harvesting machinery-combine harvesters-

test methods1)修改了半喂入联合收割机的试验测试要求。接样前，半喂入和割幅小于 2m全喂入联合收割机正常作业应不少于 20m。 (原为 50m)

半喂入联合收割机接取籽粒和茎杆样品的作业长度应不少于 15m。 (原为 25m)1) revised the requirements of tests for head-feed combine harvesters.cutting width ＜ 2m (head-feed), whole-feed operating performance ≥ 20m

(before revision: 50m)head-feed combine harvesters operating length ≥ 15m. (before revision: 25m)2)增加了割台损失的测试方法。2) added the test methods for cutting table loss.

GB/T 8097-2008 收获机械联合收割机试验方法 Equipment for harvesting--Combine harvesters -Test procedure


三、中国收获机械标准发展趋 Development Trends of Chinese Harvesting Machinery Standards1．收获机械节能减排标准的研究制定由于国家环保要求和燃油价格的不断提高，用户对节能产品的要求更加迫切。从市场可以看出，用户对节能型的收获机械要求主要体现在两个方面：环保要求：排放、噪声节约能源：油耗限值1. Study and establishment of energy saving and emission reduction standards

for harvesting machinery Due to the national environmental protection requirements and increasing

fuel prices, users have a more urgent need for energy- saving products. As it can be seen from the market, users' need for energy-saving harvesting machinery is mainly embodied in two aspects:

Environmental protection: emission, noise Energy saving: fuel consumption limit


三、中国收获机械标准发展趋 Development Trends of Chinese Harvesting Machinery Standards2．谷物收获机械标准的修订 1 ）现行的谷物收获机械标准是以中型机 (35kW～ 73.5kW) 为主导制订的，随着谷物收获机械发展趋势是大型化发展，操作控制由现在以机械式为主向电子、液压技术方面发展。研究现有对大型机的适合性。 2 ）研究适合家庭经营需要的小型、轻简化收获机械标准指标 3 ）形成适应我国不同地区经济水平、高中低端产品共同发展的收获机械新标准 2. The revision of standards for grain harvesting machinery1) Existing standards are made mainly based on medium-sized machines

(35kW~73.5kW). With the development of large-sized machines, the operating techniques change from mechanical to electronic and hydraulic.

Study existing standards’ adaptability for large-sized machines.2) Study standards of small-sized and simple harvesting machinery suitable for

family businesses.3) Form new harvesting machinery standards suitable for different areas and

economic levels in China, and the high, medium and low-end products.


三、中国收获机械标准发展趋 Development Trends of Chinese Harvesting Machinery Standards3．经济作物收获机械标准研究制定随着农业产业结构调整的力度不断加大，我国农业生产重点逐渐由产量型向效益型转移，经济作物种植面积进一步扩大。目前，我国油菜、花生、茶叶、棉花、甘蔗、大豆、马铃薯等经济作物机收环节十分薄弱。因此，要加快突破经济作物机械化，进行经济作物机械标准研究制定，重点对经济作物收获机械标准进行研究制定。3. Study and establishment of harvesting machinery standards for cash crops With the increasing strength in agricultural industrial structure adjustment, the key to

agricultural production in China gradually transfer from yield oriented to effectiveness oriented. The planting area of cash crops is widening

Nowadays, machine harvesting of rape, peanut, tea, cotton, sugarcane, soybean and potato still remains at a very low level. Therefore, it is urgent to speed up cash crops mechanization, study and establish machinery standards for cash crops, focusing on harvesting machinery standards for cash crops


三、中国收获机械标准发展趋 Development Trends of Chinese Harvesting Machinery Standards

4. 收获机械关键零部件标准化研究制定考虑产品的系列化和零部件配套互换性，可以大大压缩了零部件品种规格，从而加大单一零部件的产量，使得生产企业获得规模效益，为提高产品质量和降低成本创造条件在新产品开发中，尽可能多地采用标准件、通用件，运用组合化的原理，使零部件配套互换性、产品形成系列化，从而大大缩短新产品的设计、试制周期，快速适应市场需要 4. Study and establishment of key components standardization for harvesting machinery Product serialization and component interchangeability can largely reduce variety specifications of components , and increase the output of single component, letting the company achieve the scale benefits and making it possible to improve product quality and cut down costs In new product development, we should use standardized and general components, applies the principle of combination to realize interchangeability and product serialization, which can greatly shorten the development cycle of new product designs, and quickly meet the market needs


current status and development trends of harvesting machinery standards

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