molecular probes®流式试剂最新进展 新一代荧光染料在流式细胞 …
TRANSCRIPT
1 Proprietary & Confidential The world leader in serving science Proprietary & Confidential
杨林森
流式产品市场经理
Life Sciences Solutions
Molecular Probes®流式试剂最新进展
新一代荧光染料在流式细胞术中的应用
2 Proprietary & Confidential
Molecular Probes®: Cellular Analysis Portfolio 实现“流式梦”
Assays, Reagents &
Antibodies
• Reagents for Labeling,
Imaging, and Flow Cytometry
• 10,000’s of kits, antibodies and dyes
Imaging Systems
• Full Range of simple,
intuitive instruments • Cell counts and cell
health analysis • Fluorescence and Bright
field imaging
Flow Cytometry
• Innovative Flow
Cytometers using Acoustic Focusing
• Cell population analysis
HCA/HCS
• Automated imaging and analysis at individual cells and cell population level
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流式细胞术与试剂在细胞结构与活性分析中的应用
Flow Cytometry for Cell Analysis
流式细胞技术是集单克隆抗体、荧光化学、激光、计算机等高技术发展起来的一种对细胞进行自动分析和分选的仪器 它可以快速测量 105-109 细胞,存贮、显示悬液中分散细胞的一系列重要的生物物理、生物化学方面的特征参量 可以根据预选的参量范围把指定的细胞亚群进行分析 仪器和选择的试剂配套使用,可达到出色的多色分析效果 可以为细胞学研究提供具有统计学意义的数据
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Main Components of Flow Cytometer
The optical-
to-electronic
coupling
system
records how
the cell or
particle
scatters
incident laser
light and emits
fluorescence
Flow Cytometry is dependent on the control of,
collection of, and separation of lights by wavelengths
Detectors
(PMTs)
Fluidics
System
Lasers
Optics
(filters)
Electronics and
Computer System
Cell input
液流系统
光学系统
检测器
(光电倍增管)
电子与计算机系统
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1. 2D dot plots: multiple parameter studies, identification of cell
populations by size, see Figure A. (二維點圖)
2. Distribution histograms: single parameter studies, analyze
immunophenotypes by antibody binding (violet-C intensity),
see Figure B. (單参数直方圖)
3. Closer looks at the characteristics of sub populations are
possible by carefully selecting or 'gating' on the those cell
subsets of interest (such as P1, P2, and P3).
Typically Displayed Forms of Flow Cytometry Result
Figure A Figure B
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内容
荧光染料概述
流式细胞术应用
免疫分型
细胞活性
细胞增殖
细胞周期
活性氧(ROS)
细胞凋亡
资源
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荧光探针类型
• 细胞表面/内部蛋白:抗体-荧光染料如FITC、Alexa Fluor® 、Pacific
Blue® 、PE、Qdots® 抗原
• DNA含量:如PI、SYTOX® 、Hoechst 、DyeCycle™、FxCycle™
• 新DNA合成:如BrdU、Click-iT® EdU
• DNA 断裂:如TUNEL
DNA
• 膜不对称性:如荧光染料偶联的annexin V
• 膜完整性/通透性:如非通透性核酸染料SYTOX®
• 膜势能:如DiBAC4(3)、JC-1或DiOC2(3)
细胞膜
• Ca2+ :如Fluo-3、Fluo-4及比率测定染料(Indo-1 AM)
• pH :如比率测定染料(SNARF-1, BCECF)
• ROS:如CellROX®、Dichlorokihydrofluorescein
细胞内离子
• 凋亡/活性:参见DNA含量、膜不对称性、膜完整性/通透性及酶活
力
• 细胞分裂:如脂类染料、CFSE-SE
• 吞噬/内吞:如pHrodo™ 染料、荧光染料标记细菌或荧光微球
细胞功能
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流式细胞术应用
表面抗原:
免疫分型
IL-12
酯酶
ROS
胞内:
胞内抗原 /细胞因子检测 (需固定及通透)
细胞增殖
ROS检测
细胞凋亡
细胞核:
细胞周期分析
DNA合成
DNA断裂
细胞死/活
细胞膜:
细胞凋亡
细胞活性
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• 基于蛋白表达(细胞表面或细胞内)标识
细胞类型
• 临床应用
• 白血病或淋巴瘤分型
• 艾滋病患者CD4 T细胞的绝对计数
• 实验应用
• 异源群体中标识和计数不同类型细胞
• 细胞功能分析 (如细胞因子的产生、细胞毒
性)
免疫表型分型
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免疫分型研究现况:需要多激光
越来越复杂的多色实验
• 好处
• 基于单细胞分析多个markers
• 更佳的群确定
• 相关数据的多重分析
• 效率
• 更高通量
• 需更少的样品
• 复杂性
• 更多的颜色意味着更多的复杂性
• 需适当的Panel设计和仪器优化
• 需更多时间来设计和分析实验
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多色-免疫分型分析时需考虑:
I. 选择合适的流式细胞仪
II. 选择合适的检测Markers
III. 选择标记Marker的荧光基团
IV. 抗体滴定
V. 样品制备
VI. 死细胞排除
VII. 补偿
• 更多的颜色意味着更多的复杂性
• 需进行优化
• 关注细节
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Available with 1-4 lasers
Lasers are spatially separated
Initial Laser Choices: Blue (50mW), Red
(100mW), Violet (50mW), and Yellow(50mW)
Size- Fits easily on laboratory bench (16” (W)
x 22”(H) x 17”(D) )
Sample Rates- up to 1000 microliters per
minute to facilitate analysis of small samples
or rare events
Compatible with the auto sampler for 96/384
well plates
Updated Software for acquisition and analysis
2015年1月声波聚焦流式细胞仪上市 Attune® NxT Acoustic Focusing Cytometer
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Acoustic focusing
Prior to mixing with
sheath
Intensity C
ount
Narrow particle focus = Narrow distribution
Intensity
Cou
nt
Narrow particle focus = Narrow distribution
1000 µL/min 25 µL/min
声波聚焦流式细胞技术
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Forward Scatter
Sid
e S
ca
tte
r
CD45.2 APC-Cy®7
B2
20
Pa
cific
Ora
nge
TM
CD3 PerCP-Cy®5.5
T Cells
Dendritic Cells
CD4 Pacific GreenTM
CD
8 A
lexa
Flu
or®
70
0
Foxp3 PE
CD
25
AP
C
CD11c PE-Cy®7
MH
CII
Pa
cific
Blu
eT
M
CD11b FITC
CD
8 A
lexa
Flu
or®
70
0
Cou
nts
Regulatory T cells
10.9
6.81
19.4
64.8
A
C
更多颜色选择,拓展检测可能
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"One of the main projects in my laboratory is focused
on the description and functional analysis of an
emerging innate lymphoid cell type. These cells are
extremely rare both in blood and in tissues. For flow
cytometry analysis we use the Attune® Acoustic
Focusing Cytometer. The high sample rates of
Attune® allow me to reduce centrifugation steps so
that we retain more cells and more rapidly detect rare
events. We could not have performed these studies
with any other instrument."
Prof. David Cousins, University of Leicester
新发现-曾经与它擦肩而过…
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更省时的流程
No Wash/No Lyse Assays
• Acoustic is more efficient
• Doesn’t require magnetic bead separation prior to
acquiring data
• Requires minimal sample prep
• Samples can be run without manipulation
5µL whole human blood +/- Ab dilute in 3mL DPBS/1% BSA acquire ~ 900K
events (FSC trigger)
Antibody
labeling is
required to
resolve blood
populations
No antibodies
required
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激光数目
激光颜色 检测通道数
405 nm 488 nm 561 nm 640 nm
4 Violet Blue Yellow Red 14
3 Violet Blue Yellow —— 11
3 Violet Blue —— Red 11
2 Violet Blue —— —— 8
2 —— Blue —— Red 7
2 —— Blue Yellow —— 7
1 —— Blue —— —— 4
4色激光7款不同型号
• Choice of 1-4 laser configurations to detect up to 14 colors
• Facilitates use of broad range of reagents
• Fully upgradeable in your laboratory
Field Upgrades < 4 hours
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Laser Intended Dye
Blue
FSC
SSC
FITC
PI
PerCP-Cy™5.5
Red
APC
Alexa Fluor® 700
APC-Alexa Fluor®750
Violet
Pacific Blue™
Pacific Green™
Pacific Orange™
Qdot® 705
Yellow
PE
PE-Texas Red™
PE-Cy™5.5
PE-Cy™7
Yellow Laser Present
Attune流式细胞荧光标记试剂组合
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Pacific Blue™ 偶联物
Pacific Orange™偶联物
Alexa Fluor® 488偶联物
异硫氰酸荧光素 (FITC)
Alexa Fluor® 647偶联物
藻红蛋白 (PE)
多甲藻黄素叶绿素蛋白 (PerCP)
别藻蓝蛋白 (APC)
Alexa 405
Alexa 405
Alexa 405
Alexa 488
Alexa 488
Alexa 488
Alexa 647
Alexa 647
Alexa 647
Pac
Blue
Pac
Blue
Pac
Blue
Pac
Orange
Pac
Orange
Pac
Orange
用于免疫型分型的荧光基团
有机小分子
荧光基团
荧光蛋白
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Pacific dyes compatible with violet laser excitation
Pacific Blue™ dye (blue lines),
Pacific Green™ dye (green lines),
Pacific Orange™ dye (orange lines).
Bivariate plot displays for multicolor immunophenotyping by flow cytometry.
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Tandem Conjugates
– 基于荧光共振能量转移的荧光染料
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)
Donor
R-PE
APC
Acceptor
Alexa Fluor® 染料
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Qdot® Nanocrystals(量子点)
高消光系数 >> 高亮度
可用同一波长激发所有颜色
0.0E+00
5.0E+05
1.0E+06
1.5E+06
2.0E+06
2.5E+06
3.0E+06
3.5E+06
4.0E+06
4.5E+06
5.0E+06
350 450 550 650 750 850
Wavelength (nm)
Extin
ctio
n C
oe
ffic
ien
t (M
-1cm
-1)
Qdot 525 Conjugate AbsorbanceQdot 565 Conjugate AbsorbanceQdot 585 Conjugate AbsorbanceQdot 605 Conjugate AbsorbanceQdot 655 Conjugate AbsorbanceQdot 705 Conjugate AbsorbanceQdot 800 Conjugate Absorbance
400 500 600 700 800 900
Wavelength (nm)
525
605
655
705
800
565
最小化 (<5%) cross-talk >> 简化多重标记
•纳米晶体的大小决定了颜色
发射光谱 激发光谱
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0.44 s 曝光时间
0.019 s 曝光时间
• SK-BR-3 细胞:
高Her2/neu表达
• MDA-MB-231细胞:
低Her2/neu表达
量子点的亮度及光稳定性>>高灵敏度
Qdot® 655 偶联物 Cy5 偶联物 Anti-Her2/neu +
anti-mouse IgG 偶联物 1.22 s 曝光时间
8.12 s 曝光时间
60X
Qdot®可用于检测低丰度的靶分子
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“Typical”4 color pallette 405 nm excitation
Cascade Blue®-CD27
Qdot®525-CD4
Qdot 545-HIV nef tetramer
Qdot 565-HIV gag tetramer
Qdot 585-CD57
Qdot 605-EBV tetramer
Qdot 655-CD45RA
Qdot 705-CMV pp65 tetramer
488 nm Excitation
Fluorescein-CD7
RPE-CD28
RPE/Texas Red-CD14
Propidium Iodide
RPE/Cy5.5-CD19
RPE/Cy7-HLA-DR
633 nm Excitation
APC-CD11a
Alexa Fluor®680-CD8
APC/Cy7-CD3
17 color panel (NIH Lab)
488 nm Excitation
• Fluorescein
• R-Phycoerythrin (RPE)
• RPE/Texas Red™dye or PerCP or PE/Cy5
633 nm Excitation
• Allophycocyanin (APC)
Getting more colors:
• Longer Stokes shift fluors off given laser
• Add another laser
≤4 Colors versus ≥9 Colors
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荧光基团比较
荧光团 例子 优势 劣势
有机染料 •FITC
•Alexa Fluor® 488
•Pacific Blue™
•Alexa Fluor® 647
•偶联物的种类
•相对稳定的染料
•仪器配置
•斯托克斯位移小
荧光蛋白 •R-PE
•PerCP
•APC
•明亮(PE, APC)
•偶联物的种类
•仪器配置
•颜色选择有限
Tandem
Conjugates
•TRI-COLOR
•PE-Alexa® Fluor
700
•APC-Cy5.5
•APC-Cy7
•斯托克斯位移大
•更多颜色选择
•FRET稳定性
•供体检测通道需补偿
•批间差异性
量子点 •Qdot® 605
•Qdot® 655
•Qdot® 705
•Qdot® 800
•明亮的信号
•斯托克斯位移大
•窄的发射峰
•偶联分子的种类
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多色流式检测荧光素选择原则:
了解仪器的配置(如激光和滤光片);
选择与仪器兼容的荧光基团;
通过荧光染料亮度(染色指数值)和抗原丰度搭配相应的荧光基团与抗体;
使用信号弱的荧光基团搭配高表达靶抗原的抗体
使用信号强的荧光基团搭配低表达靶抗原的抗体
尽可能减少溢出 (Spillover);
使用光谱查看器帮助选择荧光光谱的重叠尽量少的荧光基团
http://www.lifetechnologies.com/us/en/home/life-science/cell-analysis/labeling-chemistry/fluorescence-spectraviewer.html
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问题: 标记反应通常需较大量IgG;
抗体中含其它蛋白如BSA;
活性染料可能会标记IgG分子可变区,影响抗原结合能力;
抗体标记
Zenon®抗体标记试剂盒 非共价连接标记;
标记仅需10min;
最少可标记1 µg IgG 抗体;
标记过程不会导致抗体丢失
APEX ® 抗体标记试剂盒 • 共价连接
• 标记10-20 ug抗体
• 不需额外地去除抗体中BSA
或其它含有胺基的分子
SiteClick™ 抗体标记试剂盒 标记 100 ug抗体
位点特异性地标记抗体重链糖基
解决方案:
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细胞活性检测
- 死细胞排除
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为何需使用细胞活性指示剂?
死细胞非特异地结合抗体和染料
Scatter gating的“准确性”
FSC
-A
rea
SSC
Fixable Violet
FSC
-A
rea
Stimulated with SEB + Brefeldin A
Perfetto et al. (2006) J Immunol Methods 313:199
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染料 染料
质膜
染料
细胞膜非通透性核酸染料
• 通过受损的细胞膜;
• 标记死细胞核酸;
• 不能透过活细胞细胞膜;
传统染料
• Propidium Iodide (488 nm ex, dsDNA/RNA)
• 7-AAD (488 nm ex, dsDNA/RNA)
多种光谱可供选择:
• SYTOX® AADvanced™ 死细胞染料(488 nm ex)
• SYTOX® Green死细胞染料(488 nm ex)
• SYTOX® Orange死细胞染料(488 /532 nm ex)
• SYTOX® Blue死细胞染料(405 nm ex)
• SYTOX® Red死细胞染料(633 nm ex)
PI
固定前 固定后18h
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可固定的死细胞染料
活细胞 死细胞
检测原理
染料被排除在活细胞外
胺基反应性的荧光染料
- LIVE/DEAD® 可固定的死细胞染料
• 胞质标记
• 可固定
• 适于胞内免疫分型分析
固定前 固定后18h
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常用细胞活性染料列表
激光 核酸染料 可固定的染料
UV SYTOX® Blue (450/50)* LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Blue Dead Cell Stain
(350/40)*
405 nm SYTOX® Blue (350/40)*
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Violet Dead Cell Stain
(450/40)*
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Aqua Dead Cell Stain
(530/50)*
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Yellow Dead Cell Stain
(585/42)*
488 nm SYTOX® Green (530/30)*
SYTOX® AADvanced™ stain
(>650)*
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Green Dead Cell Stain
(530/30)*
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Red Dead Cell Stain (>650
or 600/20)*
532 nm SYTOX® Orange (585/42)*
SYTOX® AADvanced™ stain
(>650)*
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Red Dead Cell Stain
(>650 or red bandpass)*
561 nm LDS 751 (700/20)* LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Red Dead Cell Stain
(>650 or red)*
633/5 nm SYTOX® Red (660/20)*
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Far Red Dead Cell Stain
(660/20)*
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Near IR Red Dead Cell Stain
(780/60)*
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细胞健康(Cell Health)
Y
Z
b X a
蛋白过表达
RNAi/miRNA
药物/信号通路影响因子
正常细胞
死亡细胞
细胞增殖或各种压力
信号转导
细胞增殖
氧化应激、凋亡
细胞吞噬、离子平衡
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细胞健康、压力 & 死亡
细胞还活着吗?
细胞活力/活性
细胞在行使基本功能吗?
蛋白/基因表达
信号转导
内吞/吞噬
离子平衡
细胞是健康的,还是有压力?
氧化应激、损伤
凋亡
自噬
细胞在分裂和增殖吗?
细胞增殖
细胞周期
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细胞活性
活 死
完整的质膜 受损的质膜
活性酶 失活酶
• 质膜的完整性
– 反应性染料 (LIVE/DEAD® 可固定的死细胞染料)
– 膜非通透性的核酸染料(PI、SYTOX®)
• 酶的活性
– 切割酯基(Calcein AM)
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预期的实验结果
检测类型 活 死
质膜—胺基反应性染料 暗/阴性 亮/阳性
质膜—核酸染料 暗/阴性 亮/阳性
酶活性 亮/阳性 暗/阴性
双色(LIVE/DEAD® 试剂盒) 绿色 红色
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• 设置对照
• 酚红
– 染色液中避免使用酚红;
– 酚红会淬灭染料;
• 核酸染料
– 随时间的增加会解离;
– 标记后,建议1小时内检测,避免信号丢失;
– 不可固定;
• 酯基染料(Calcein AM)
– 标记浓度和时间因细胞间酯酶活性差异而不同,需通过预实验确定
合适的染色条件;
– 如酯基染料标记失败,请确认标记溶液中不含有血清;
– 血清中成分存在酯酶活性,会在细胞外过早地切割酯基,导致染料
不能进入细胞。
细胞活性检测:Tips
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细胞健康、压力 & 死亡
细胞还活着吗?
细胞活力/活性
细胞在行使基本功能吗?
蛋白/基因表达
信号转导
内吞/吞噬
离子平衡
细胞是健康的,还是有压力?
氧化应激、损伤
凋亡
自噬
细胞在分裂和增殖吗?
细胞增殖
细胞周期
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细胞增殖检测方法
DNA合成- 核苷类似物
BrdU, anti-BrdU
Click-iT® EdU
Click-iT® Plus EdU
细胞分裂-细胞示踪染料
• CFSE (CellTrace®试剂)
细胞计数
计数微球
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Br
Br
Br
Br
• 无放射性
• 兼容多重分析,但需要分离双链,以便BrdU抗体接近,可能影响:
• 其他抗体的结合能力
• 形态
• 需要双链DNA才能高效结合的染料的能力,如细胞周期染料
细胞增殖: 检测DNA合成
BrdU (5-溴-2‘-脱氧尿苷)
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Click-iT EdU标记DNA
Azide(叠氮基)
Alkyne(炔基)
+
Alexa Fluor® 488 Dye
DNA DNA
+
Triazole
•无需DNA变性
• 简单的操作步骤
•兼容多重分析,包括
• 其他抗体
• 细胞周期分析的染料
45 Proprietary & Confidential
Simplified Workflow:
Click-iT® EdU follows a basic protocol of
aldehyde fixation and detergent permeabilization
A. 固定: Fix for 15 minutes, wash
B. 通透: Permeabilize for 30 minutes, wash
C. 孵育: Incubate in click labeling mixture for 30 minutes, wash
D. Optional: Incubate with cell cycle stain for 15-30 minutes
E. 分析: Analyze
Click-iT® EdU 细胞增殖检测步骤:
S-phase
cells
FxCycle Far Red
fluorescence
46 Proprietary & Confidential
Click-iT® Plus EdU 不影响 PE-Cy®7 的荧光信号! H
u C
D3
PE
-Cy®
7
Flu
ore
scen
ce
Classic Click
PE-Cy®7 Signal Missing
Click-iT® EdU
Alexa Fluor® 488
Fluorescence
NEW Click-iT® Plus EdU Kit
No Copper Control
Expected PE-Cy®7 Signal
Click-iT® Plus EdU
Alexa Fluor® 488
Fluorescence
Hu C
D3 P
E-C
y®
7
Flu
ore
scen
ce
Click-iT® Plus EdU
Alexa Fluor® 488
Fluorescence
NEW Click-iT® Plus EdU Kit
PE-Cy®7 Signal Observed
Hu
CD
3 P
E-C
y®
7
Flu
ore
scen
ce
47 Proprietary & Confidential
Click-iT® Plus EdU 不影响 GFP 的荧光信号! G
FP
Flu
ore
scen
ce
Click-iT® EdU
Alexa Fluor® 647
Fluorescence
Classic Click
GFP Signal Suboptimal
NEW Click-iT® Plus EdU Kit
No Copper Control
Expected GFP Signal
Click-iT® Plus EdU
Alexa Fluor® 647
Fluorescence
GF
P
Flu
ore
scen
ce
NEW Click-iT® Plus EdU Kit
GFP Observed
Click-iT® Plus EdU
Alexa Fluor® 647
Fluorescence
GF
P
Flu
ore
scence
48 Proprietary & Confidential
通过染料稀释检测细胞增殖
First
Generation
Second
Generation
Third
Generation
Fourth
Generation
Brightness
Nu
mbe
r of
Ce
lls
O OCCH3CH3CO
OO
OO
CO
O
N
O
O
羧基荧光素二乙酸盐琥珀酰亚胺酯
(CFSE)
面临的问题:
占用绿色荧光检测通道
解决方案:
CellTrace™ 紫色细胞增殖检测试剂盒 (Ex 405nm)
CellTrace™ 远红细胞增殖检测试剂盒 (Ex 635nm)
49 Proprietary & Confidential
多因素分析
Several generations of live CD4+ T
Cells as visualized with the Attune®
Acoustic Focusing Cytometer.
CellTrace™ Violet Fluorescence
Nu
mb
er
of
ce
lls
co
un
ted
Several generations of live CD4+ and
CD4- T Cells as visualized with the
Attune® Acoustic Focusing Cytometer.
CellTrace™ Violet Fluorescence
CD
4-A
lex
a F
luo
r® 4
88
Flu
ore
sc
en
ce
多参数分析-同时标记其他表面或内部分子,以分析各细胞分裂相抗原的表达情况。
50 Proprietary & Confidential
Absolute Cell Counting
Determine Cell Concentration Of Individual Populations
• C36950 CountBright™ absolute
counting beads
• Determine Cell Concentration Of
Individual Populations.
• Most accurate way to determine
cell density by flow cytometry.
• Easy to use in any application.
Quantifying cell populations and disease progression, including studies
of stem cells and HIV/AIDS.
Combining a separate cell concentration determination from a
hematology analyzer with flow cytometric population data (multiple
platform testing)
Adding an internal microsphere counting standard to the flow
cytometric sample (single platform testing)
51 Proprietary & Confidential
细胞健康、压力 & 死亡
细胞还活着吗?
细胞活力/活性
细胞在行使基本功能吗?
蛋白/基因表达
信号转导
内吞/吞噬
离子平衡
细胞是健康的,还是有压力?
氧化应激、损伤
凋亡
自噬
细胞在分裂和增殖吗?
细胞增殖
细胞周期
52 Proprietary & Confidential
细胞周期
Laser
活细胞 固定细胞
UV
Hoechst 33342
(450/50)*
FxCycle™ Violet
(450/50)*
405 nm
DyeCycle®
Violet
(440/40)*
FxCycle™ Violet
(450/50)*
488 nm
DyeCycle®
Green
(530/30)*
SYTOX®
AADvanced™
695/40*
532 nm
DyeCycle®
Orange
(585/42)*
SYTOX®
AADvanced™
695/40*
561 nm
--
SYTOX®
AADvanced™
695/40*
633/5 nm
DyeCycle®
Ruby
(695/40)*
FxCycle™ Far
Red
(660/20)*
• 多种细胞周期染料供你选择:
FxCycle™ 染料 • 操作简单,适于固定细胞
• 多种颜色可供选择
SYTOX® AADvanced™染料 • 死细胞染料
• 高亲合力核酸染料
• 488 nm 激发
Vybrant® DyeCycle® 染料 • 适于活细胞
• 低细胞毒性
• 分析后细胞可用于分选或培养
• 多种颜色可供选择
53 Proprietary & Confidential
Cell Cycle Analysis with DNA Dyes in Living Cells
5 μM Hoechst 33342 (UV excitation)
440 BP emission
events
440 BP emission
events
5 μM DyeCycle™ Violet stain (405 nm excitation)
G2/G1: 1.99
%CV: 4.46
530 BP emission
5 μM DyeCycle™ Green stain (488 nm excitation)
G2/G1: 1.83
%CV G1: 3.80
events
G2/G1: 1.83
%CV: 4.74
585 BP emission
5 μM DyeCycle™ Orange stain (488nm excitation)
events
G2/G1: 1.86
%CV G1: 5.71
54 Proprietary & Confidential
分选: Vybrant® DyeCycle™ 橙色核酸染料
Vybrant® DyeCycle™ Orange dye: sorting NIH 3T3 cells
Post-sort verification of populations
G0G1: 3 days post sort G2M: 3 days post sort
55 Proprietary & Confidential
干细胞 边缘细胞(side population cells)分析
- Vybrant® DyeCycle™ 紫色染料 鼠骨髓 人脐带血
紫色激光
(408 nm, 25 mW)
紫外光
(355 nm, 20 mW)
DyeCycle™ 紫色染料
(10 µM, 90 minutes, 37ºC)
Hoechst 33342
STEM CELLS -2007, VOL 25; NUMB 4, pages 1029-1036
DyeCycle™紫色染料
Blu
e flu
ore
scence
(4
50
/55 n
m)
56 Proprietary & Confidential
细胞健康、压力 & 死亡
细胞还活着吗?
细胞活力/活性
细胞在行使基本功能吗?
蛋白/基因表达
信号转导
内吞/吞噬
离子平衡
细胞是健康的,还是有压力?
氧化应激、损伤
凋亡
自噬
细胞在分裂和增殖吗?
细胞增殖
细胞周期
57 Proprietary & Confidential
活性氧水平(Reactive Oxygen Species,ROS)与疾病
癌症:
如肺癌、乳腺癌
心血管疾病:
如动脉粥样硬化、高血压
慢性炎症类疾病:
如糖尿病、风湿病
神经类疾病:
如老年痴呆症、帕金森综合症
感染性疾病:
肝炎、HIV
纤维化疾病:
肺部纤维化、肝脏纤维化
感官受损:
如视觉疾病、听觉疾病
58 Proprietary & Confidential
CellROX® Deep Red
Reagent
CellROX® Orange
Reagent
CellROX® Green
Reagent CM-H2-DCFDA
最大激发/发射波长(nm)
640/665 545/565 485/520 495/527
适用于活细胞检测 Yes Yes Yes Yes
完全培养基中标记 Yes Yes Yes No
可甲醛固定 Yes No Yes No
可抵抗通透剂 No No Yes No
成像稳定性
信噪比
成像检测 Yes Yes Yes Yes
高含量检测 Yes Yes Yes Yes
微板检测 Yes Yes Yes
流式检测 Yes Yes Yes Yes
规格 5 x 50 uL 5 x 50 uL 5 x 50 uL 20 x 50 ug
货号 C10422 C10443 C10444 C400/D399
C6827
解决方案 CellROX™ Deep Red 试剂适用于氧化应激的检测
问题/困扰: 通常用于细胞内ROS检测的还原型荧光素必须添加到无血清培
养基中,还必须忍受高背景、光氧化和光不稳定
59 Proprietary & Confidential
细胞健康、压力 & 死亡
细胞还活着吗?
细胞活力/活性
细胞在行使基本功能吗?
蛋白/基因表达
信号转导
内吞/吞噬
离子平衡
细胞是健康的,还是有压力?
氧化应激、损伤
凋亡
自噬
细胞在分裂和增殖吗?
细胞增殖
细胞周期
60 Proprietary & Confidential
凋亡的主要检测指标 检测染料
膜的不对称性 Annexin V, F2N12S
Caspase 酶活性 CellEvent™, FLICA , Caspase底物
核浓缩 Hoechst, DyeCycle™ Violet dye
膜通透性 YO-PRO®-1
G0 期的峰值变化 DyeCycle™ Orange dye
膜的完整性 PI, SYTOX® Green dye
DNA片段化 TUNEL Assay
凋亡过程中的主要发生事件
61 Proprietary & Confidential
Annexin V 细胞凋亡检测: TIPS
• 结合需钙和镁两价阳离子;
• 结合是可逆地;
• 标记结合后需尽快检测;
• 一些细胞类型如巨核细胞、骨髓细胞和血小板细胞表面存在大量PS;
• 物理刮或胰酶消化贴壁细胞可能会导致PS的外翻,与凋亡无关;
62 Proprietary & Confidential
A35137-紫色荧光比值膜不对称性检测探针(F2N12S)
Shynkar, V.V., et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007. 129: 2187-2193
问题:
Annexin V假阳性
解决方案:
紫色荧光比值膜不对称性检测探针
通过荧光强度比值(585/ 530nm)的变化来
监测细胞外膜表面电荷的改变
与细胞大小、细胞浓度和仪器差异无关;
标记仅需5分钟,不需洗涤;
无需特定缓冲液;
63 Proprietary & Confidential
核酸染料可与DEVD肽段结合
Caspase 3/7 的荧光底物
活性的caspase 3/7切割DEVD肽段,且游离的核酸染料与DNA结合时,才发出荧光
优势:
− 适合活细胞,无需洗涤
− 可添加到完整培养基中
− 固定和透化之后保留
− 可与其他活细胞或固定细胞探针实现多重分析
DEVD
活性的
Caspase-3/7 酶
不与DNA结合时不发荧光
Bound
DNA dye DNA 染料
读取
添加CellEvent™
试剂
孵育30分钟
Caspase 活化 - CellEvent™ Caspase 3/7 Green 试剂
64 Proprietary & Confidential
洗涤步骤将会洗去脆弱的凋亡细胞
洗涤对凋亡细胞检测的影响
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
No Wash 1 Wash 2 Wash 3 Wash 4 Wash
CellEvent™检测无需洗涤操作步骤
对照组 处理组
多重分析
65 Proprietary & Confidential
建议采用多参数进行细胞凋亡检测
• 单一参数难以准确地确定细胞凋亡
• 多阶段、多因素过程
• Annexin V - 磷脂酰丝氨酸外翻也发生于非细胞死亡途径如T淋巴
细胞活化;
• Caspase 活化 – 炎症反应或造血前体细胞分化时Casepase3和
Casepase 8也会发生活化;
• 多重内部验证,确认细胞凋亡确定发生;
• 了解细胞凋亡途径的更多信息
NATURE REVIEWS | DRUG DISCOVERY VOLUME 10 | MARCH 2011 | 221
66 Proprietary & Confidential
细胞健康、压力 & 死亡
细胞还活着吗?
细胞活力/活性
细胞在行使基本功能吗?
蛋白/基因表达
信号转导
内吞/吞噬
离子平衡
细胞是健康的,还是有压力?
氧化应激、损伤
凋亡
自噬
细胞在分裂和增殖吗?
细胞增殖
细胞周期
67 Proprietary & Confidential
问题/困扰: 传统pH传感器对活细胞的内化分析并非最佳
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
550 600 650 700
pH 10
pH 8
pH 7
pH 6
pH 5
pH 4
Fl
(rfu
)
l (nm)
pHrodo™: pH 敏感的荧光
pHrodo™ S. aureus BioParticles® conjugates 适用于吞噬
pHrodo™ E. coli BioParticles® conjugates 适用于吞噬
pHrodo™-10k-dextran Conjugates 适用于内吞
pHrodo™ succinimidyl ester 可制备您自己的结合物
解决方案 pHrodo™ Red 和 Green 染料适用于吞噬、内吞、受体/抗体内化研究
68 Proprietary & Confidential
Reagents for Cell Health
细胞健康产品分类一览表 功能 主要产品
细胞生存能力 & 活力 LIVE⁄DEAD® Viability ⁄ Cytotoxicity Kit
SYTOX® Dead Cell Stains
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stains
细胞增殖 & 细胞周期 Click-iT® EdU Cell Proliferation Assays
Vybrant® Dye Cycle™ Stains
Premo™ FUCCI Cell Cycle Sensor
氧化应激 CellROX™ Deep Red Reagent
细胞凋亡 MitoTracker® Red dye, CellEvent™ Caspase-3/7 Reagents
SYTOX® Green dye
Click iT® TUNEL assay
细胞器标记 CellLight™ reagents for mitochondria and lysosomes.
LysoTracker® and LysoSensor® stains for lysosomes
MitoTracker® stains for mitochondria
(细胞)内吞 & 吞噬作用 pHrodo™, CellLight®
Alexa Fluor® 488 conjugate
细胞示踪 CellTracker™, Qtracker® 655, Qtracker® 800
69 Proprietary & Confidential
Reagents for Sample Preparation
• Cell Preservation
• TransFix® Reagent
• Whole blood preservative
• Cell Lysis
• Cal-Lyse™ Whole Blood Lysing
Solution
• RBC lysis following antibody staining
• Fixative-Free High Yield Lyse
• No need for wash step
• Fixation and Permeabilization
• FIX & PERM® reagents and kits
• No effect on cell morphological
scatter
• Reduced background staining
• Proven protocols
Use of FIX & PERM® Cell Permeabilization Kit
for simultaneous surface antigen and
intracellular antigen staining.
70 Proprietary & Confidential
Sub-micron Particle Size Reference Kit
The Flow Cytometry Sub-micron Particle Size Reference Kit:
• six sizes of green-fluorescent beads (FITC channel)
• ranging in diameter from 0.02 µm to 2.0 µm
• packaged in individual vials
• each bead is uniform in size
• the green-fluorescent dye is localized within the bead
71 Proprietary & Confidential
Sub-micron Particle Size Reference Kit
These size standards can help identify small bioparticles, or as a tool to
verify instrument performance and establish parameters suitable for
analyzing sub-micron particles:
• Particle size resolution limit and dynamic range
• Sensitivity of forward and side scatter photomultiplier tubes
• Level of instrument baseline noise
• Laser and optical alignment and stability
• Stability of the fluidics system
72 Proprietary & Confidential
Microbial detection and/or
counting
73 Proprietary & Confidential
Microbiology Assays for Flow Cytometry
74 Proprietary & Confidential
Application Reagent Quantity Cat. No.
Bacterial viability LIVE/DEAD® BacLight™ Bacterial Viability Kit 1 kit L7007, L7012,
L13152
Bacterial viability and cell
counting
LIVE/DEAD® BacLight™ Bacterial Viability and Counting
Kit 1 kit L34856
Bacterial cell counting Bacteria Counting Kit * for flow cytometry* 1 kit B-7277
Bacterial cell staining
BacLight™ Green *special packaging* 20 x 50µg B-35000
BacLight™ Red *special packaging* 20 x 50µg B-35001
SYBR® Green I nucleic acid stain 500 µL S7563
SYTO® BC green fluorescent nucleic acid stain *5 mM
solution in DMSO* 100 µL S-34855
SYTO® 9 green fluorescent nucleic acid stain *5mM
solution in DMSO* 100 µL S-34854
Determination of bacterial Gram-
character
LIVE BacLight™ Bacterial Gram Stain Kit *for
microscopy and quantitative assays* 1,000 assays L7005
Microbial membrane
potential/microbial vitality
BacLight™ Bacterial Membrane Potential Kit *for flow
cytometry * 100 assays B34950
Microbial metabolism
BacLight™ RedoxSensor™ Green Vitality Kit *for flow
cytometry* 1 kit B34954
BacLight™ RedoxSensor™ CTC Vitality Kit *for flow
cytometry and microscopy* 1 kit B34956
Common reagents used for bacterial and yeast analysis
75 Proprietary & Confidential
Calibration Standards for Flow Cytometry
AlignFlow™ (2.5 & 6 m)
•Quality Control •UV, Blue, Green/Yellow, and Red Lasers
LinearFlow™ (2.5 & 6 m)
•PMT Linearity •Blue, Green, Orange, Carmine, Deep Red
CompenFlow™ (2.5 & 6 m)
•Spectral Overlap •FITC/R-PE
Cell Sorting Set-up Beads (2.5 & 6 m)
• UV, Blue, Green/Yellow, and Red Lasers
Counting Beads
• Cell concentration in samples
76 Proprietary & Confidential
样品制备 染色 分析
固定&透化
死细胞排除
不兼容固定 -PI 、7-AAD、SYTOX
兼容固定- Live/Dead 可固定染料
免疫分型
干细胞鉴定
细胞增殖
细胞周期
ROS检测
细胞凋亡
一抗
补偿珠子
抗体标记试剂
细胞功能标记染料
流式细胞术检测流程
流式细胞术关键:
• 样品制备
• 知已(试剂)
• 使用细胞活性染料,排除死细胞的干扰
• 尽可能减少差异 - 补偿调节
77 Proprietary & Confidential
流式移动应用程序 流式细胞术荧光素的选择指南
资源
荧光检测工具书
http://www.lifetechnologies.com/us
/en/home/references/molecular-
probes-the-handbook.html
http://www.lifetechnologies.com/us/en/ho
me/support/research-tools/iphone-apps-
and-widgets/flow-cytometry-reagent-
selection-guide-protocols-app.html
http://www.lifetechnologies.com/cont
ent/dam/LifeTech/migration/en/filelibr
ary/cell-tissue-
analysis/pdfs.par.13383.file.dat/fluor
ophore-selection-guide-flow-
cytometry.pdf
78 Proprietary & Confidential
谢谢!