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The development effects of solar

cooking technologies for households

and institutions in Africa

Conference

Local adaptation to climate change for improved food andenergy security in rural Africa

Oslo

14.12.10

Pia Otte

PhD candidate, Institute for Sociology and Political Science,NTNU, Trondheim

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Types of activitiesMaputo Makarere Addis Mekelle Bahir Dar NTNU

Heat

collection

Dish with

mirrors

Trough

system

Optimization

Local

production of

dish

Dish with

mirrors and

film

Heat

transport

Air based,

once through

Heat pip es Heat

transport to

injera pan

Air, oil, HTF

Heat storage Rock bed Rock bed

Insulation

Rock bed,

PCM

Tracking Mechanical Adapt form

other activity

Control

systems

Simulation Systemdynamics

Troughanalysis

Heat pipes Simulat ioninjera pan

Ray tracer

Applications Solar system

for injera

baking

2009 Report: 13 PhDs, 14 MScs, 22 presentations + other media

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Source: GRID Arendal (2010)

Why solar cooking?

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What is solar cooking?

Principle of solar cooking: Sunlight is

converted to heat energy which is retainedfor cooking

Clean cooking technology

First design of solar cooker: Nicholas de

Saussure (1740-1799) built a black insulated

solar cooker

Worldwide numerous organizations working

with solar cookers (SCI founded in 1987)

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Development Over time developmet has carried very

different meanings (Nederveen Pieterse

2001:5)

Modernization Theory 1950s, Dependency

Theory 1960s, Alternative Development

1970s, Human Development 1980s

Capability Approach (pioneered by Amartya Sen)

Development as process which expands people`s real freedoms

Freedom - people have the choice to live the life they want to live

`Freedom as principle ends of development`

Remove obstacles which limit freedom

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Solar cooking & Development Within academics technological driven focus

Most data related to development effects based on solar cooking

proponents (risk of biased information)

Particularly lack on solar cooking & development data on institutional

level

Need for a holistic people-centered approach to analyse the

development effects of solar cooking

Pell (2005) quantitative study on solar cooking in central highlands of BoliviaUse of solar cookers lead to fuelwood savingsstudy limited on economic benefits

Pouris & Wentzel (2007) fieldtest by DME & GTZ (1996-2004) in South Africafuelwood savingsmonetary savingstime savings (while cooking & collecting firewood)poverty reduction

income generating activities

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Development effects of Solar Cooking

Master thesis: Cooking with the sun-An analysis of Solar Cooking inTanzania, its adoption and impact ondevelopment

Comparison of three different small

scale solar cooking projects(different settings, different technologies)

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Questions?