propulsionelectricaparamicrosatelites.pdf

8/17/2019 propulsionelectricaparamicrosatelites.pdf

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1 ............................................................................................... 9

1.1 ........................ ........................... ........................ ....................... . 9

1.2 ........................ ............................ ....................... ................. 12

1.2.1 ........................... .......................... ........................... ..................... 13

1.2.2 ........................... ....................... ........................... .................... ............... 17

1.3 ........................... ...................... ............................ ....................... ......... 20

1.4 () ..................... ........................... .................... ............ 26

1.5 ........................... ...................... ............................ .................... ....................... 28

1.6 ............................. .................... ............................ ................... ............................. 32

1.7 .......................... ....................... ........................... .................... ............... 33

1.8 ............................ ...................... ............................ .................... ....................... 361.9 741 ........................ ...................... ............................ ................... ............................ . 39

2 ................................................................................................... 41

2.1 ......................... ............................ ............... 41

2.2 ........................................ ........................... .................... ............ 43

2.3 ....................... ............................ .................... .................... 43

2.3.1 .......................... ...................... ............................ ...................... .......... 44

2.3.2 ........................ ...................... ............................ ................... ..................... 45

2.3.3 ........................ ......................... . 47

2.4 ...................... .......................... ......................... ..................... 47

2.4.1 .......................... ....................... ............................ .................. 49

2.4.2 () ............................ . 50

2.4.3 ....................... ........................... ........................ ................ 51

2.5 .................... ............................ ...................... .................. 55

2.5.1 () ....................... .......................... 56


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2.5.2 ........................... ...................... .............................. .................... . 57

2.5.3 ........................ ............................ ................... .... 58

2.6 . ...................... ............................... ................... ....... 60

2.7 ....................... ...................... ............................ ................... ..................... 61

3 () .............................................. 64

3.1 ........................... ....................... ............................ ................... ............................. 65

3.1.1 ........................ ...................... .............................. .................... . 66

3.2 ......................... ............................ ................... ..................... 86

3.2.1 ........................... ...................... ............................ ................... ..................... 92

3.3 . ...................... ............................ ....................... ................. 96

................................................................................................................. 107

....................................................................................................................... 108

............................................................................................................. 110

12 . ......................................................................................................... 111

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caa cab c ac d c. L a cacaddd d a aa a. V Taba 1.1.

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M Sa 100 500

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F Sa 0.1 1


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La aa d a caa d c d a c cc

db ad c a cca. E dc, a dbaa a a caa c a cca, ab a a caa d c(a, c, cada d , cc), bca ad ba d a ca b. E ba d cacca caa d a ab aad a da a cc .

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d cd a acac dacac d ba d acdc d ac ba a .

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Tda aca db a ad d cabdaddad b da a a a, ca dca c a a. S a ba aa a aa, da a aa. Paa a dba d d ad ca.

E d, c, d a d a a d bad, ab ca d aa a a d a d da a dd a ad. La a daa d d c a abad d da aa. Ed d abaa c c ca a a, ca ac d da aa c. S ba, a c aa aa a a c adc c a aa d a.

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E ca d a ca a ba baa, ba dca cca d a a cca a d a d, a a c a adac a c c.S ca c dc a [5].

E ba ca a d cda a a a a ad a c d a ca d a. M ada daa cac daada d a, aa baa c dc caad d ca a a a d ca a cca aa aa d a, a c aa aaca a d a baa.

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1.3 Ec d ba d ca.

A c a caa d a baa db cada, ab dcaa a b aa ca ca ca a dcaa d a baa aa a b dca cad da dab a. Paa ca cc ca aad Rad d Dcaa d Baa (RDB).

Fa, da a a db db adcada d a. La

Udad d Dbc d Pd (UDP), ca d ac ab ca cadd cdd aaad dcca dad ca da a caa cca aa aca d a. Tab a a d d d a c aa aa ca cc.

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U d cdc a c (S), cac da aba dca d c, dbd a 14 c d ca 4 a bada d aca. E ca c a ac ca

c ca a 4 c ca bada d aca. S a d d a d c, ca ccd c c c, c d cada a caac ca c c , d a aa a bada d acada a c 8 c. Fca cada d c ca d cc c d ad ad ca d c,c a a Fa 1.4 [6]

S

P Sa

Baa

RCBRDB

UCP UDP12 V2 V


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1.4 U d c c ca c . L cc dc, a a ada a ad a a da a acca.

a a ca bca da a ca d c c a a Fa 1.5

1.5 Eca bca [7]

Ea ca aa da da dcc a ca d c. Ua ca dc d aada 5.43 A (5.43 1010 ). La caac d cc cdc (ca IV d a aba dca d c)

a a Taba 1.2.

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Rd Bada Pbda

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C 3.57 Daa 5.5 Dc

5.43 1.124

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S 6.49 Daa 0.08 Idc 1.2 Pdad a 300 K d ca cdc.


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bada bda) ac a a aad a aa da aacac d ca cc a a d a , ac a caa d aca ac dad b. A da d ac, da c d da c a caa a. Eacaa a aa d c c aca a c aba. C d a, c a d a, da a caa a a a c cad. E a a d d ca d c cca (a cadad d c d c) daa d c ca aa a c da. E d

c, , c, , a a aa ab c c da c 0 = 0 = 1.08 1010 c3.

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aa da, c ab d c d ad a ,ad a c.

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1.6 V I d a cda a [1]

C d ba dca ca, a ca a ac. La ca a a ada ca d c aa d a a d ca , a a cca baada. Paa a a c a ca, a a d cdaa d a aa ca c d ba.

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Fa 1.7 P a d a ac aca aca [9].

Iac: 125 W/c2

100 W/c2

Va d ada [] C d a d a [ A ]


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Paa d da adcada db d a ca ac:

Sc a a Dac d c Rcb ba Ecca Pca da a aaa aa Taa

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Dad a ab ca c, dc, cad a cac c a d , a a b d a cda a ada baa. La baa a a cab acc ca aa aaca a a c caa, aa c ad a baa L , NCd, NMH, NH2, PLION, L a. Td caacca d db cda a aa daa d cada a ca c :

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d ad, d a aa a aac a c d +/ 1V, a.

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1. Ec c d a d ca [10].

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a d a c d a a aca cd CD/CD a aca abaa. E dd D0 a dc d a a aca a caa. E cdCD/CD ccad a a cad d caa dcaa d a baa a c da d .

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a a b dcaa a baa da dc dca a ca. A a a caa ada a cad 8 Ω.

E aba d a ca ca d a d a dad dca d d aa cda c a d ba cd b d 12 V. A cac dcb a a d a d cc a aa d ddca dad ca 3.

S

Pa

Fca

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D2 C

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Sc

Caa

Cd DC/DC

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CC

OR


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E aad [11] caa d a dc a d ada dddd d a d ad a cda, d a aa ac aba a a a ca c daad ac c ca d d c. E cad a c aa acada a a d aad a ba d ac d da d a d Faada

= (1.1)

Dd λ ac aa cada a d a bba. Dbd a a

bba N a aa c a a, d abad d a dad a ac

= (1.2)

Sd 1.2 1.1 da

=

(1.3)

S aca a () a a d aad, d ddc c d daad dbd a = () b d(1.3)

= 1 () (1.4)

Aa b, daad d a. S ba, d c aa a a cda, ab ddda c a a Fa 1.10.

= + (1.5)L c c daad cda

= + (1.6)Dd , = d a a cda a ca= c d a bba aa cdaa, = d dda daad a cda ca


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1.10 F aad

S d cb a cac (1.3), dcd a c da aa b

() = +

() = () + () (1.7)

() = +

() = () + () (1.8)

D a d ac aaa a a () cda () dbd a , ab daad dcad a c ddda a a a a ac

() =

=

()

(1.9)

()() =

=

(1.10)

Ea cac a ccda d aad da dd a acd d a d aad a ca d a cad d d a dcab a caac d .

Paa d da a ac a c d daad a cda d ac d cc ac. P aaa a ac d a c cc cc.

= (1.11)S d cb a cadad cd cc ac daa a a a c d c acad a c.


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= (1.12)E ca d aad d a a , a a daad a a a daad cda. La a d a 2 0.

+ = 0 (1.13) + = 0 = − (1.14a)

=

=

1

(1.14b)

E a d a cac (1.14a) a d d a c cda. E dc, a c a ad d . E a ca acc d a aad; a c aca d daad acad c dc a a a a , a a c ac d daad acad c dc a a a aa. E a aaba,d c a a a a a a a a a. Dbd a a ada dc a dcc d a c ab b ab c a cc d , a acac (1.14b) aa d a c a ac d c a ca a a ac d a d aad.

La dcaca d daad a ac c a caca ℜ d a bbad.

= ()

ℜ (1.15)

Paa d aaa c cc c aad b a adaca d cda a a ca c a ac

= =

=

= (1.16)


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C a ac d da d c [12] a d aad.

1.11 Md d aad a

S cda a ca a d a , dda c J daad a cda, , ca, a daca d a caa dda c c , . Dbd a cc dc d aaa, acaa a cac (1.10) (1.16) aa cc d a a.

1.12 Md d aad a d a a

C d b a c d aca, c a aab ca dLaac .

=

+

=

( + )[( + )] + + +


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=

( + ) + ( + )

(

+

) + ( + ) + + +

=( + ) + ( + )

( + ) + + ( + ) +[ + ( + )] + + ( + )

= (

+ ) + [( + ) + ( + ) + ( + )] + ( + ) +

= + (

+ ) + [( + ) + ( + ) + ( + )] + ( + ) +

= + [( + ) + ( + ) + ( + )] + ( + ) +

=

+ [ + +

+ + + ] +

( + ) +

=

+ [ + +

] +

(1.17)

Dd = + = +


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E a c d aca (1.17) d c. E ada a bcac d dbd a d ac dbada d aad.

S d , , d, a ab d a aa dad d a c d aca

( + )( + ) = + ( + ) + (1.18)Iaad d a d a cac (1.17) c (1.18) b

+ = + +

=

+ +

(1.19)

U aad a ac d bada ad a a 20 H, d ddc c a d a cac (1.19) ddc

+ ≈ = + +

(1.20)

E aad da → 0, aad a d cb ≪ ca ca a cac (1.20)

= + (1.21)

Fa aad c d a cac (1.17) (1.18) ad a cac(1.21)

=

+

=

= + 1

(1.22)

L a d a cac a aca a d a Laac, d aaa a cca dd d a a aaca c acca d ada aad. La Fa 1.13 a abcac d d d a cca a d Laac.


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1.13 Ubcac d d aad

. ()

L TBJ a c a d ca aa a 1970. E d[13] a caa d cdc dad N, a P a N ( a , PNP),a Fa 1.14a a a cc aa d PNP dd aca a dcaa d cdc dad a.

Fa 1.14 Ta PNP

U a d Ja d c d dd PN (Ja EBa EB Ja CcBa CB) ccad . Ddd d a aac d ddd a d d ac ca a a Taba 1.4

C I IAc Dc I

Ac I I DcSaac Dc Dc 1.4 Md d ac d TBJ.

ω

σ

Gaaca . Fcca Pa d

Laac

C

E B C

VEB VBC

Ic

B

E

Ib

I

R d aa+ Pad aa

a) Scc aa d PNP

b) F d ad aa PNP

Ma


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E ca d d ac, a ca a a ba d d a VEB (JEB dc) a cc a ca ba a ba (JCB a) d d a V BC. Dbd a JEB a aac dca, ca d dd cdd ab d ad aa, ca c, d aa P a aa N. La daa d dca a ac ca ca c aaac dca. Aa b, ad aa a d d a a ba d c, d ca aca cc d a aca aa d a ba. Dbd a a ba dada a cdcdad baa, a cadadd c a a a ba ca ada a ca a a Fa 1.14b.

La (BC) ca a ac d aac a dd

ad aa d a , a ad a ac. S a c (ad aa) d d E a B, d B a C c ad a. P a a, a aa d c d a Ba a Cc dbd a ad a ca d aaac a, d ad a . La ca dada a a a a d ad a d a PNaada a. Dad a a d ad a cd ad aa, aa a ba.

Aaad a c d a a B, d cb a ac.

= + (1.23) = (1.24)

Dd a ca d a aca, dd d a acc ac d a d ba, a cadad d da d a ba , . S ba a a a d 50 a 200 aaa d a, a aa 1000.

= +

= ( + 1) (1.25)

= ( + 1)

+ 1 =

= (1.26)


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Dd = dbd a c a , a cac (1.26) daa d a a:

≈ C ab TBJ d cad c. E dc, ac d cc dd d a c d a ba. La Fa 1.15 a aca caacca d a TBJ, 2N2222 ad c LTSc.

D a Fa 1.15b, d ba a c d cc dd d d a

c d a ba. La a ada a IC cd a a d aacdbd a a VCE d 0.4V, a c ad a ba,ad a ac a d (1.24) a ca a c d cc ada a d a a a. La ca a d a cacd a a aca d acac, dd ad a a aa . Fa, a d c cd a a aa aaa a VCE, dd a c aa cc a a VCE a.

O a a d ca a TBJ, aa d a ca d cca , ca a VCE d a

a a a d a c aaaca dad, caa a d cc d c, acd cca a ac a a d d caa dcc.

.

La ccc c d ac [14] d Ma Od Scdc FdEc Ta MOSFET d a TBJ. Sa a Pc d d aad c aa N, dad (S) da (D), aa acc a cca ca a a d a

Ib=5

Ib=1

IC A

VCEa) Cc b) Ca caacca IC VCE

1.15 Dac d a ca caacca d a 2N2222.


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c c cac c. E a daca L. Sb adaca, cca dcc (d SO2) b , cca a cca (G), a a c a a Fa 1.16.

1.16 Eca ca d a NMOS. Tca L = 0.1 a 3 , W = 0.2 a 100 , d SO2 d 2 a 50.

S aca a caa VDS a c da a d N(da), aad a d P (caa aa a D d S), aaa a d N (). C d ba ba a aaad dd, a dca . P a a, ab caa da dbd a ab dd a a a d c.

A a d ab a c NPN, b a cdbd a aa P ccad a ca dca c aa ca c a ba d TBJ. P aa a ad aa da cba a a, caa cda dd dbd a a caacad dc a a.

Aa b, aca a a a a G a a a a S ( a VGS), ab a caa a a a. N ac aca a P dd G dbd a aa. La caa aca ca d aa a ca cc c dc a d P dba d aa. E c aca aba dad dcba caa aa a aada ca d G aca a a d aa. S aacad (ca cc) , aca c c dba d d aa d a aa a caa d c d d d

N+ N+

P

dS D

G

L

W


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a aad. S a D cca a cca, c ab ca dd da a c c a a ca a Fa 1.17.

1.17 Acac d VGS a cac d caa D S.

Rd, cad VGS, a caa ad a ac ID a. S ba, c a ccd a VGS a ad caa ab c ID da cca, c a ac a, da a a d. S ba, a a a

aad a VGS, a a caa a c ID adca, caa a aad a cb b d aac.

La cac ba a d d dada

= () ( − ) −12

(1.27)

Ma a cac dcb a d aac

= 12 () ( − ) (1.28)

Dd a dad d c caa = a caacaca dad d a a dad d d d c d d, a 10 a d ba (a aa a caa).

+ +Caa ad

D

G

S

VGS


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Paa b a ca caacca d IDVGS aa LTSc dd a a d VDS, d 0 a 10 V c d 0.01 V, a a ca VGS. Ua acab bad, dc VGS a ba VDS. S aa 5 d VGS c a a Fa 1.18.

E a ca caacca d ba a ada a ID caa a a a a ca ID a ca. C ca d TBJ, aad a VDS a a a d add a cdc a a a a acad a a

ca. E d caa a a c a c ccca dcc.

E d a c ad c c. Paa d abaa c aca a aa a, a 5V, 0 A a a ca da dad c c cc d D a S b d dad ca ca a a 20 Ω. Paa aaa a a cc aca a a a ca a a d ba aa a a caa d aa a c d. E a da d aaa a d c da, a aa cca a cda aac aa a MOSFET. P , cdad G caa ad, ca da a caa acada aa aaa.E ca adc a a a d MOSFET. Sba da a MOSFETS d ca a ad cca ba a a a d ad dd ccc. LMOSFET ca c dd d SD, d a aa d ac a DS.

La ca da MOSFET cad dd d caca c aca a d DS a c cca. Sa RON=3.6Ω ID=2 A.

VDS

ID A

VGS=5

VGS=3

a) Cc b) Ca caacca ID Vd

1.1 Obc d a ca caacca aa MOSFET caa N d c.


32/119

32

= = 3.6 ∗ 4 = 14.4 A a a ca d cdd a, c aa adc a dda ad, ca d c dca. Eaca dc a a ad aaad a ca a ad d a.

.

L IGBT [15] bd MOSFET TBJ ca ca ca acda a MOSFET a dca a ca d a P, dbad N. E ac IGBT da cdc d d ab c

MOSFET. L IGBT a ad a daa dd a 1980 aac ca a ca d abcac, d a aa aa a c ab aa.

1.1 Ccc d IGBT

C aca a Fa 1.19, MOSFET G E ab aPNP E C. Gaca a MOS, d d d c a acad aG, ba, a PNP ac cc a c a d E a C. C aca aca d ac a a a d a ad c a daa d a d c MOS dbd a aca d PNP. E c, IGBT da da cdcc daaa d a aa, aada d ba a a dcd.

E G E

C


33/119

33

.

E cc ad [13] c a cbac d caada da c a a Fa 1.20.

1.20 Daaa d b d ad 555.

Ua c d R abc d a d ca d

d caad U1 U2

ca, a ada d

caad ca ca a dad FF. L, a ada d cc FF cca da a aa d acac d ada a a a a. E FFab a a d cc ad, dd aa dcaa acdad ad aad aa caa. Na cc

ad 8 , ca dcb a Taba 1.5

E cc ad d d d: aab (ca VCC Ta), bab (da VCC Ta d d ) ab (caba d ad dd a a ad ca d d ). E d dac a ada aab dbd a a a cacdada d dcaa dbd a aa a dad dca d d aa .

8. VCC 6. Uba 4. Rc

3. Sada

7. Dcaa

1. Ta

5. Va

d c

2. Da


34/119

34

1 Ta La a d cc

2 Da Sada =1 cad a a 1/3 dVCC

3 Sada E VCC Ta

4 Rc E ca 5 C

da

Acc a d d a, da 2/3 dVCC

6 Uba Sada =0 cad a a a 2/3 dVCC

7 Dcaa Dcaa cdad ad

8 VCC F d aac a 1.5 Dcc d ad 555.

S cc c cc ad ad 555.

1.21 Cc aab d ad 555.

La ca R1, c dd Z 6V2L aa a d 6.2 V d d a aa 555 a d 12 V db d bd ca d c a. L c ca a 555 R2,R3 C1 ca. E cdad C1 caaa aa VCC (6.2V) a a d R2 + R3.S ba cdad C1 ccad a 6 2. E 6 dc a ada,


35/119

35

( 3), 0 (0 V) a a 6 cda . E dc,

cdad caa a a d R2 R1 aa

a a ada a 0.

A a ada caba a 0, a d dcaa acad 7 a a. Ec C1 a caa, d d aa,(VCCR2Ta) (C1R3Ta). La da aa dc cdad a a dcaa a a d R3. Ha cda C1 ab ccada 2, ca ac a ada cab a 1 (6.2V) a a

a a C1 dcaad acd aa

a a a .

Cad c a ada 1 a d 7 aaa d a aaa (VCCR1R2C1Ta), a dca C1 a a a caa a a dR1 R2, ad a cc. Paa d da ca cad dcad cdad (a cca d cac) db cc RC. E cc RC c cdad dcaad, a cac a d cdad VC

= 1 − (1.29)

E dc = a = 0.63 = 0.7, = 0.5.Paa 555 c db d d = (2 3⁄ ) a = (1 3⁄ ) ca, , db baa 0.5 b 0.5 a = 0.7.Cad cdad caad, a d ada 1 a aa c a VCCR2R3C1Ta. C a a, a ad

≈ 0.7( 2 + 3)1 (1.30)Paa ad 0, cad cdad dcaa a a d R2, a

≈ 0.7(3)1 (1.31)Sad a d cac aa b d a,

≈ 0.7( 2 + 2 ∗ 3)1

= 1.44( 2 + 2 ∗ 3)1 (1.32)


36/119

36

.

U cd CD/CD bac d cad, dc d a aa aca a aaca d a cac ac a a d c. E ccbc a a Fa 1.22.

a) E c dd a aa da da

b) E c aaad a aa da dca

1.22 Cc cad a) cdd b) aaad c.

Cad a a da c ccada a a dc

= ()

() = + (1.33)

Dd aca a ca d ac ca a a a c cad c c. E ca cdaa ca d daac ca, ≠ 0 . Paa d ca, d cb:

− () =

Dd a d a c aba ad a caa d dc dd , ba, da a a OFF, aa a aba.

() = − + (1.34)

ON OFF

1

2V1L1


37/119

37

E ca a c a ccaba cad ab a.La cac (1.33) (1.34) a cada cc aa ca, , a cac (1.33) a cc aa , d d cc, a a . P a a, b ca aaac d a c, ∆, abd cc a a ON dd d d T d

() = D (1.33) () = +

= +

− =

∆ =

= ∆ =

(1.35)

S d ac a aa a cac (1.34) a dcb ac cda d aad. E a a =0 a aa d ca dd a a Fa 1.23, a c a ca b a d c a a Fa 1.24.

I1MAX I1MAX

I1 I1

T

0

I2MAXI2MAX

I2

I2

0

1.23 Gca d a c L1 1.24 Gca d a c L2


38/119

38

2( − ) =

D (3.40) ( − ) = ( − ) +

= − ( − ) +

− = ( − )

∆ = ( − )

= ∆ = ( 1 − )

(1.36)

D acd c a cac (1.14) (1.15) d aad d a a dc a a d ac c d a d cada daad a c a d a dcaca d a cda

D (1.14)

∆ = ∆

D (1.35) (1.36) =

( 1 − )

D (1.15) =

ℜ

()

ℜ

=

()

ℜ

( 1 − )

=

1 − (1.37)

C ba a cac (1.37) a a aad cca a daad a ca a daad cda. C cc d aba d a dc a a a ada dbd 0 < D < 1.


39/119

39

.

E acad aca [13] d ada a ada ad d d d aac. Ua d a ada cc c ada a a a ac ada a da a a d a d ada caa. S a bca; caad, aac a aac aa. A a a cca ac a caadaca a, dcb d a caaa cac a a d aac a a a a a.

Paa ac caad, cc d a Fa 1.25 dd cca a V1 a a ada a (+) a V2 a ().Ddd d c d d a a a a a a. S V1 ( +)

a, c a ada a a VCC, a V2 a ( ), c aada a 0 V.

1.25 Eca bca d caad

Cad acad aca c aac a, a adaab ca VCC 0V. S ba caad dbd a a a ada b a VCC da a aa a dcd c. E dc, a a ca dc a cc dbd a aaac a. Paa d d a dad d ca d d ca a aac a dbd a da ca c a cc aa, a a baa c

cc d cad daa.

Fa, a aac aa a ca acad acaaca a dca d ada. P a aaca aa, a dca a ada baa aa a ada ad. S a c a a acad a V=V+ c d d a R1 da a V

a Fa 1.26. La cac dacad aca aca a d ada c d ada

= ( − ) (1.38)


40/119

40

Dd G a aaca a ad, d d d 106.

1.26 Eca d aac aa

= + ∙ D (1.38)

= − + ∙

G a aaca d a ab c d a ad, d dad d a R1 R2 dad a GR1.

(1.39)

C dc da a dad d ca d d aa cda c d ca 3.


41/119

41

U ,

,

; . H,

.

P [16,

N

.

E

U . E

, 1

. L

. L

.

(2.1)

D ,

,

.

E T

, I.

1 P: M , ,

, .


42/119

42

(2.2)

(2.3)

= = (2.4)D , . L . E ,

[17. U

ISP 500 5000 /.

A , ,

Δ ( , ), [16 Δ

.

∆ = (2.5)D 0

. M

Δ,

. O ,

0

/0 Δ/.

= ∆/ E

Δ ,

. N 100 90%

10% . P

Δ

, .

D

, ,

. H


43/119

43

.

L [18 ,

, :

1. P :

.

2. P : .

3. P :

.

L ,

. S

,

. E ,

, . E

:

. E P : = = 2 =

2 (2.6)

D α ,

η

/2.L

Δ .

C ,

. L

:


44/119

44

1. R: E ,

.

2. A: E

.

3. I : A

.

E . E

,

(T1) (P1), (U1). P

, , (T2) (P2)

, (U2) F 2.2.

E

L [19:

+ 12 = + 12 (2.7)D ,

.

S

. E 3000K.

P E

M T1, U1 M U2, T2

U2

T2P2U1

T1P1


45/119

45

U (N2H4)

3500 / 0.3 N 80%

750 W.

F [18.

G

,

.

S ,

10 000,

;

.

E

K. U ,

F 2.4.

L

. C

1.5 W, 5000 6000 /,

40% 100 V,

. P


46/119

46

. S ,

. O

, .

E .

F 1.5 W [18.

C

P

AP


47/119

47

L

. H ,

, . L

(RF)

.

H , ,

RF 4000

12,000 / 60%,

. L W,

100 W.

L

,

.

E

L ,

F

E

N

F


48/119

48

. L ,

,

.

L 105 /

,

T. U

.

D J [18,

V,

ε, /M.

= 49 2 / / (2.8)

A , T A,

.

=

(2.9)

S ,

, , M/.

= (2.10)T (2.11).

= 2

/

(2.11)

F, (2.10) (2.11) (2.8) :

= 89

(2.12)

P

105 W . S ,

,


49/119

49

. N ,

,

, .

E

. S

, X, A, K, M

C. A ,

.

P

P

,

. C .

P ,

.

AM

G

N

B

P C


50/119

50

L

,

. E

. S ,

:

CT RF.

L

. D

,

C T. P , RF

RF . S

RF.

P , 20,000 ,

20, 65%,

30,000 / 200

4000 W. L 10/W.

()

C ,

, ,

30,

,

. P , .

E ,

. E

T,

. E

. P

.

G C

(55), 28C. P

10V, 100 000 /

100%. S 16μN/W.


51/119

51

E PEEEC

O PEEEC

. L [20

. A

PEEEC, . E

, , ,

. G 1.5V.

S

. S ,

,

. H, ,

80% 90%. S

. E

, ,

.

E

. C

CC

C

A

C μ

C+

N


52/119

52

PEEEC, ,

. U . S

,

( ) .

S , 1 μ 100 μ. S

, 1 /,

μN. S ,

, . G

,

, , .

L

[20. L

= 2 ⁄ (2.13)

Q I,

, . C ,

.

L ,

= (2.14)

D 2.86,

, Q ,

K .

C

. C , N,

,

1000 3000 .

P

. E


53/119

53

4

1. U F 2.9.

A [21.

A ,

, I L I S, (ILIS)

. D

. E

. L L [20

= 2 4 (2.15)

D , , D EMIIM, = 0.035 / [22.C ,

,

.

P (2.15),

MATLAB F 2.10. S

2 V 16 .

E . H

, (CH3NO)

= 0.058 /. E , ,

.

4 1


54/119

54

V .

P . O

, ,

,

. P

,

.

P . S

, . L

. A

, , .

P

. U

1E3MI T (C6H11BF4N2)

EMIBF4 = 0.052 /.E BMIIM (1

3 (). C 2.1S/

. L C10H15F6N3O4S2

F 2.11 [22


55/119

55

EMIIM

E

.

P

C F 2.12,

, , . S

E B, ,

. L , E,

B .

= (2.16)


56/119

56

O

. E ,

.

L

. S ,

. E

, , .

L ,

,

. A ,

.

()

E , . D

. C

, . S ,

,

. U ()

,

.

P M.


57/119

57

L [18

= 4 + (2.17)

T =

μ =

J =

=

A = , .

L ,

,

. E

. E

. E

. P

,

.

P MPD 1500 8000

40% 100 W,

30% . E

.

S ,

, 105 N/

2

M

. U ,

200 W, L. L

, 48%,

I 4000 12.5N

,

.

S

,

. E X.


58/119

58

P H.

D

, . E

,

1500 1800 50%, 40 N 200V. E

40. A , R

110 H

.

U PMPD . S

(10 MW)

(10 μ), . P

,

.

L 60,

20%, 5000 65 J. S

G

I CM

C

I

CE

E

C


59/119

59

,

,

. N , P

P P A . E

, , ,

. E

.

P P P [20.

L ,

. E ,

15% .

H . L

,

, . P

,

. L

C

T

R

S

P

E


60/119

60

, , RF

.

A ,

. G

, . S

, ,

,

.

T ,

. E

. E :

U .

U , .

U .

E .

U

,

.

L

,

. A,

. P ,

. T , .

E , MPD . P

, 100 V, 91%

2.5 /W. P , H

93%, 10 /W. F

,

.


61/119

61

S ,

, . E

,

.

L

. S ,

,

.

T [23.

A E T H

B I P E


62/119

62

U

. C

, ,

/

, . E

, ,

F 2.16 ,

, ,

.

P , ,

(Δ) . S

, . H

,

. C

.

A . C

T 2.1,

. S ,

. P ,

, .

U

, , , ,

. E

,

.


63/119

63

R 500 W 300 400

360 N

N 1965 V 50 %

A 600 50 W 600 2000

230 N

H 1994

T 401

35 %

I 1000 W 500

300 N

N 5 %

P

I

+1 V

250 V

2.5 W

2500 3000

90 N

X 1997

PAS

65 %

PEEEP 10 V 1000 3000

150 μN

C LISA

P

90 %

P

C

1 5 V

3 µW

1000 3000

100 μN

G

L

I

M

S

80 %

M

30 200 W 4000 L 40 %

P H 5 50 W 1500 3000

250 N

X 1971 R 50 %

P

100 W 900 1200 1 N

T 2000 M

P

5 %

T [19


64/119

64

E UPP . U

T, EMIIM. E

(N). E 500

. S

, , .

D [20], ,

1.6 V

. E

.

L

. L

, 12 V

12 V . E

.

12 V 2 KV

DC

DC

P

SB UPP

P

C

3.1 E .

127 V 24 V 18 VDC 12 VDC

T

R R

3.2 F 3.1 E 12VDC.


65/119

65

E

. D , 12 V 50 W,

. E ,

A.

U 12 V,

2000 V. E

, , UPP 1 W. C

UPP.

V [V] I [A] P [W] V [V] I [A] P [W]

12 83 1 2000 0.5 1 3.1 R UPP.

P ,

. L

B, B M.

C 3.4 3.6,

, . E

.

L F F

. P UPP

F

.

DC

DC

12 V

83 A

2000

V

0.50

3.3 E UPP


66/119

66

3.4 C B

= D D

.

0 < D < 1

3.5 C B

= 1

1 −

D D

.

0 < D < 1

3.6 C M

= 1 − D D .

0 < D < 1

E 1,

, , ,

. S

. E

5 :

, , , .


67/119

67

3.7 E F

L

. P 12 VDC

12 V, ,

.

P 1,

. G

, ,

,

. P

,

30,000 H/. A ,

, ,

1 H.

E , 10 H, ,

F2O3. E ,

,

. L

= 2000 /, 3.8. C

,

T 3.2.

C

S

T

12 V

V


68/119

68

3.8 C [24].

. . (/) (/)

3000 V 200 A 12 V 250 2 A 10 H

3.2 R

P L [25]. P

,

0.36 2.

= 1.1 = 0.361.1 = 118 = = 1183000 = 40 ()

= = 11812 = 10

= ∗ ∗ 440 10 = 1210 ∗ 0.36 ∗ 440 10 = 121.584 = 7.57 = 8 = ∗ ∗ 440 10 = 300010 ∗ 0.36 ∗ 440 10 = 30001.584 = 1894

= 4 = 104 = 0.0025 =

4 = 40

4 = 0.00001


69/119

69

3.3 C 2 AWG

D T 3.3, AWG 40,

, AWG = 40 32

. C ,

. E

. L F 3.9

.

3.9 C .


70/119

70

E

100 . S ,

,

.

E ,

FBB1745AL 2859078010

.

3.10 D FBB1745AL

L FBB1745AL

200 W,

,

.

L ,

. E 2 X 2 X 2 5 X 6 X 7,

200%. A

.

A

12 50 600 2000 200 0.4 3.4 P FBB1745AL.

L

= − = 600 − 0.4 = 599.6

40:2000

1:20


71/119

71

E ,

J, . S

, 1 W,

.

P ,

GDS1062A. L 1.51 VPP

. S

.

[H] V0 [V]

100 0.264

1 14.9710 18.12

50 18.43

70 23.75

80 30.40

90 41.54

100 56.30

110 76.96

120 76.05

140 36.84

160 21.21200 8.33

300 3.21

3.5 R FBB1745AL

L . E

F 3.11.

L 2 V, 3 V PP,

10V, 35 V,

, 3 H.

C ,

10 H, 1 MH . S ,

100 H ,

.

0


72/119

72

3.11 O FBB1745AL.

S ,

. E

. H

. L TBJ, MOSFET IGBT. A

.

B

U TBJ 2N6385 [26]:

3.6 V TBJ 2N6385


73/119

73

D 80 V

. E

. L

10 A 250 A . L

100 W, .

D ,

/. P ,

:

VBE, IC

, IB IC

. C

, V CE 0.4 V,

, 10 A,

= 0.4 ∗ 10 = 4 S , ( )

VCE=3V, IC=5 A.

= 3 ∗ 5 = 15 E

. D ,

. E

TBJ

. E ,

,

TBJ .

B

D [15], IGBT

1000 V CE, MOS VDS 250V. L IGBT

15 H, MOS MH. L

IGBT ,

5W MOS ,

500W.

L

, 100 C, IGBT . O

MOS


74/119

74

IGBT . F,

, MOS

8 IGBT .

N IGBT IGBT ,

250 V.

E

L MOSFET ,

IRF711 MOS N

, , CA CD, , . S RDS(ON) .

S [27] V DS 200 V,

ID = 2.25 A, RDS(ON) = 3.6 Ω. C ,

, IG = 500 A,

. E V = 2 V

18 MH.

L

, ,

. P

UPP.

C

, . L

T 3.7

COTS (C O T S).

A

C

C*

C

N 180 1 16 1.2 30 30 10

TBJ

2N6385

80 10 1000 100 65 200 5 M

MOS

IRF711

400 2.2 18000 20 55 150 12

IGBT

NTE3302

600 8 360 30 55 150 91 F

3.7 C . E C

P M [28].


75/119

75

C T 3.7, TBJ

,

. S , ,

. A ,

.

E IRF711 . E

,

, .

E NTE3302

MOS, ,

MOS 700% . P IRF711 NTE3302. E MOS

, IGBT.

.

V F 3.7 . E FBB

1745AL A V (10 V),

F 3.12

1.

3.12 S 10 H.

E CD. P

,

, .


76/119

76

L 200 A, 2000 V,

= = 200020010 = 10 L 16 H, , 62.5

. L RC, 62.5 , 63 %. S = 1 0.01 % 2 V.

= (3.1)

= = 1 101 0 1 0 = 0.1 L 3.1 RC. A

,

, 2000 V.

E COTS 1 F 3 V 5 MXP

. S ,

,

500 . C

= = 1 10

1 1 0 = 1 L 2000 V

= = 20001 10 = 2 S 200 A,

= 2200 = 10 000 L 4W,

. C 10%

, 1000 . S ,

. U

, F 3.13 .


77/119

77

3.13 V 1F 3 V.

E

,

,

. P

MATLAB2

.

3.14 D .

2 E C P M, S P L,

M I T.


78/119

78

E 33.2 V, 31.6 V,

1.6 V 4.8%

. F

66.4 15 H,

, 15 H,

.

C

E F

. A ,

. C , IRF711

, , , .

C 16 H,

2V (V IRF711)

. E 555,

, ,

.

C (1.30)(1.32), R2, R3 C1

. S R2 = 1 Ω, R3 = 510 Ω C1 = 47 F.

= 1.44(1000+2∗510)47 10 = 15167 ≈ 0.7(1000+510)4 7 1 0 = 49.68

≈ 0.7(510)47 10 = 16.78 = + = 49.68+16.78 = 66.46

E D 1.

= + = 49.6849.68 + 16.78 = 0.74 (3.2)L F 1.21 LTS VCC

555 6.2 V Z. S

6.2 V,

0 V.


79/119

79

T (2 3⁄ ) = (2 3⁄ )6.2 = 4.13 (1 3⁄ )6.2 = 2.06 . C 4.13 V 6.2 V,

4.13V 2.06V,

. E F 3.15 66.63 ,

17.17 49.46 ,

.

3.15 S 555.

A ,

555.

3.16 E 555.

C1

R2 + R3

C1

R3

66.63

0.5V+

1

17.17 0


80/119

80

S

6.2 V 5.8 V,

4.2 V 2 V 68.3

14.6 H. E

MATLAB. E A B.

3.17 S 555 MATLAB.

C IRF711,

F

. M

, CPLD

.

S ,

D = 0.74, (1.37)

= 12 200040 0.741−0.74 = 1707.69 A ,


81/119

81

. L

:

= + (3.3)L = 46 . E . S ,

. N

,

= 12 (3.4)A , MOS

. A ,

D S MOS

C. L

= 12 ∆ (3.5)E , RCL ,

[25]

∆ = (3.6)

Y ,

LF = 0.1 H, CP = 12 F IMAX= 2 A,

∆ = 182 F

+ ∆ = 228 S 555 LT

VDS.


82/119

82

3.18 F 555 , .

C , VDS 200V,

220V, LC

30 V, (46 V).

T ,

12V (

), ,

. L 1.6 V. E

, .


83/119

83

3.19 V VDS

L F 3.19,

228 V. E

203V, MOS ,

. E

VDS 203V

. P VDS 200V,

IRF711, ,

IRF

.

S DRC R [29].

3.20 E

= 12 = 3000 = 100 = 20 = 1 = 2 = 200 C

> > + 200 > > 42 = 100

P , 3%

228 V


84/119

84

= 0.03 = 30 = 0.5 ∙ ∙ ∙ = 1.2 = − = 88

= = 120 1.2 = = 416 = 330

3.21 S .


85/119

85

E 1000

, 1N4007. L LTS F 3.21. A,

VDS 66V

.

T ,

66 V

. C

100%, VDS 200 V,

. P

F 3.22.

3.22 R VDS .

C ,

VDS 70 V, 228 V . C

IRF711 ,

,

200 V.

E

1600 V. P

P I I 651

. U

,

. E R2 C1. L T 3.8

R2, R3 C1.


86/119

86

R2 [Ω] R3 [Ω] C1 [F] TALTO [] BAJO [] F [H] D V0 [V]

330 510 0.47 276 167 2269 0.62 8

330 510 0.22 129 78 4848 0.62 5

100 510 0.22 94 78 5844 0.54 3

330 510 0.10 58 35 10666 0.62 2

1000 510 0.047 50 17 15167 0.74 1.6

330 510 0.047 28 17 22695 0.62 1.5

3.8 V V0

C R2, R3 C1

. U 1.6 V 2.0 V

. P C1 = 0.047 F R2

. E

S P L M I T .

V UPP, , ,

. S ,

, . C

, .

C , . A ,

. P

.

3.23 S 5 6 , .


87/119

87

E

, 100. E , 3 VDC,

30 VDC. P

,

, 5 6

.

E F 3.23

. P ,

1N4148

.

C F 3.24, 18 VDC,

. S 2.3 V (23 VDC), , L

E D LED. P

741.

3.24 V 5 6 1.8 V.

E LM741

21 V, . U

15 V

Z 15 V . A 741

, 15

15,

.

C , 23 V

LED CPLD . P

. U , ,

1V 15V, , 10 V

Z . L


88/119

88

, (R7

R8) 10 V R8 23 V. S

R8 = 1 Ω.

= + 10 = 1 1 0 + 1 10 23

= 1304 = 1.2 F

20 V,

= = 0.4 ,U 0.5 W . E LTS

F 3.25. E R6 D4

LM741 15 V, R9 D5

10 V. E C5 D7

. M ,

. S

63 V .


89/119

89

3.25 C 23 V.

C LM741

2.3 V. S ,

,

. E

4N28. C

, . A ,

.

C 2.3 V LM741 15 V

. C 1.9 V,

. P ,

2 3 , 2.1 V

. F

3 A.

3.26 O

V

V

V R8

V


90/119

90

= = 15 − 2.13 10 = 4300 = 5.6 L

. D 12 V

LED . D

, , 2.3 V,

23 V 0 V. P

,

, 0V. C

23 V, 15V

LED

10V, .

P

. L

, . P

. E

,

. E ,

(S) MOS. S , R12 = 0.33Ω S ,

. A

, 3 A, 0.99 V.

E

Z 3.3 V. S

3.3 V. P

,

= 1 + C

. L

. S

, VCORTO = 2.5 V

Z 3.3 V .

L R1 = 1 Ω R2 = 330 Ω. S

3.3 V, .

E LTS F 3.27


91/119

91

3.27 C CPLD.

C 5 5 5

B

P

C C

T

A V

P S V


92/119

92

C : ) L 12 V,

. ) E 555. ) L

F 3.28. ) P

. ) D

1.68 V

. E F 3.28

(V). C 0

23 V.

) C ) C 3.28 S .

C ,

; 1500

2300 V.

P ,

, . S

. L

.

S V H S I C,

H D L (VHDL), F P

G A (FPGA) . S ,

10% FPGA ,

V

V R12

V

V

V

V

V R8

V


93/119

93

0 5 V MOSFET

5V 2.5 V. C

C P L D (CPLD) VHDL

5 V 1 V , 32 .

E 5 V CPLD,

6 : , /, ,

, , . T 6

: MOS, ,

, ,

.

P ,

. E ,

. C

. T VHDL,

CPLD .

E CPLD ALTERA, EPM3070SLC4410 PLCC

44 . E CPLD QUARTUS II 9.212 W E MAX+II. E VHDL A C

F 3.30 F 3.31.

C , 16

H, 555 . A

, UPP (

0V) , LED

. E

( 5V),

M

M

CLK

ON/OFF

+V

V

C

S V

UPP

UPP

CLKCLK /

MOS

P

UPP

CPLD

CLK

3.29 F 3.59 E CPLD


94/119

94

5V ( 5V), MOS (

) LED

.

3.30 S CPLD. P 1

3.31 C .


95/119

95

S ,

. E

([0]), LED

. E MOS

, 90%, 2.3 V,

, MOS, LED

,

.

U

MOS (LED ),

([1]), LED .

T MOS . U ,

, LED , , MOS. C

, ,

.

S ,

( ),

[1], LED

. S

[0]. S ,

.

P , 1

MOS ;

LED . E

,

.

C CPLD;

,

. L LED

.

S

T 3.9. S ,

, CPLD

. N ,

.


96/119

96

C % A

11 80 3.0 V

11 50 2.0 V

11 20 1.0 V

15 80 3.5 V

15 40 1.5 V

15 20 1.4 V

16 80 2.5 V

16 60 1.5 V

16 50 1.4 V

16 40 1.3 V

16 30 1.2 V

16 20 1.0 V

3.9 R CPLD

P UPP EMIIM

MINIVAC V I, S P L MIT.

E . L

49.5 19.7 . S

, 5.6 36.5 .T 16 . E

F 3.32.

) C MINIVAC ) E

3.32 C MINIVAC SPL, MIT

3 E D P L I. C

P M, 26 O 2011, SPL, MIT.


97/119

97

L N2

68 / V V70. H V SD40

. E

F 3.33.

3.33 B .

P

. L

. E 3.5 10

5T

.

3.34 E .

1.6 V

100 Ω

E

P

EMIIM

A

1.5

MINIVAC


98/119

98

E , F 3.34,

. S

EMIIM. T UPP 1.6

VDC 100 Ω. L

. H , 1.5

.

L UPP

. E

. C

F 2.10 1.2 V 1.5 . S 1.6 V.

3.35 L UPP .

E 1 Ω

A DSOX 3024A

1:100. C F 100 Ω

,

= 100 10


99/119

99

3.36 M F .

F ,

K

6517 . S

2.2 X 107

T. L

T 3.10.

BAC ACA A (/) A

1.53 16 0.148 0.16

1.66 32 0.257 0.321.70 34 0.263 0.34

1.75 42 0.301 0.42

1.80 34 0.272 0.34

1.85 34 0.275 0.34

1.90 40 0.313 0.40

1.96 37 0.284 0.37

2.00 37 0.277 0.37

T 3.10 R .

G F3.37. C , ,

. S , ,

. A

, .

M F

R


100/119

100

3.37 G .

S

. A

,

,

. S , ,

. D 1.6 V 2.0 V,

, .

3.38 P , A DSOX 3304A

K.

D ,

MATLAB. S . S ,

. L F 3.39

.

C A

P

R


101/119

101

3.39 R

C ,

1500 V 2050 V ,

, CD , . C ,

.

P ,

MATLAB A B,

. O

1,

,

. E

.

E F 3.40

. L

,

. C MATLAB ,

T 3.11.


102/119

102

3.40 D MATLAB.

% A A %

1521 2.6301 0.17 149.2 0.67 0.441649 1.5247 0.09 186.3 0.65 0.34

1702 2.8642 0.16 205.5 0.61 0.29

1748 2.0402 0.11 222.3 0.78 0.35

1810 2.5851 0.14 244.4 0.71 0.29

1848 1.3675 0.07 255.5 0.80 0.31

1906 2.5438 0.13 276.1 0.67 0.24

1942 3.2635 0.17 296.9 0.69 0.23

2053 3.9087 0.19 370.2 0.77 0.20

3.11 V MATLAB

M MATLAB

, . S

0.11 %,

. C UPP

.

L , . E ,

,

0.31%. C 1%,


103/119

103

. S

,

3.41 R .

C (

), . H

1.2 V. D ,

,

. S , 2 V,

. S

.

L

, (2.13)

= 2 ⁄ D I , ,/, . U [20]

660 C/. C

, 1810 V 244.4 A,


104/119

104

= 244.4 10 2∗1810

660 = 1.23

S

,

= S , 0.1

109

/,

= 1.23 109.81 ∗ 0.1 10 = 1253 C

. E

N 1000

. D

. P

500

.

3.42 P MIT.


105/119

105

C , UPP

,

C

1 T FBB1454 AL $ 60

1 NMOSFET IRF711 $ 12

1 D Z 6.2 V W $ 3

1 D Z 3.3 V W $ 3

1 D Z 10 V W $ 3

1 D Z 15 V W $ 3

4 D S 1N4007 ($ 1 /) $ 4

1 D R 1N4148 $ 1

3 D LED ($ 2 /) $ 6

14 R V ($1 /) W $ 14

1 R 0.47 Ω, 2 W $ 10

1 P 1 Ω $ 15

1 C 47 F $ 2

1 C 10 F $ 2

1 C 1 F, 63 V $ 2

1 C 330 F, 2 V $ 5

1 C 1F, 3 V $ 5

1 T NE555 $ 43 A O LM741 ($ 3 /) $ 9

1 O 4N28 $ 4

1 CPLD EPM7032SLC4410 $ 50

1 CPLD 44 $ 16

1 $ 50

TOTAL $ 283 3.12 C UPP

E $ 283 ,

QUETZAL. E .

A,

.

A

QUETZAL. F,

, UPP

.


106/119

106

L ,

. D

.

E , ,

. C

. C

.

A ,

QUETZAL,

.


107/119

107

.

. ,

.

,

, .

,

.

,

.

.

. ,

. ,

. , ,

, , ,

.

,

.

.

.


108/119

108

.

.

1.2 .

.

,

. ,

. ,

500 .

,

1000

.

, .

,

.

0.5 .

, , 300 , ,

2500

. 40%,

. ,

, ,

90 % .

.

. ,

.


109/119

109

,

1 ,

.

, .

.

1 .

3 ,

.

, , .

.

.

.


110/119

110

R (/) NC N C F (W) NH2 N H P (H/) Q R

(3/) M (/) RCB R

Ȧ A (0.1 ) RDB R

AWG A W G S SB C (T) SBMIIM C10H15F6N3O4S2 T E (N)

COTS C E () C (F) TT&C T R C C UCP U D () UDP U

E C (V/) UPP U

E B (V) V (/) V β HFE G 0 F (/

2) γ T

(N/)I I () ε P (F/)L I L λ F (W) M () τ C ()0 M () ΦM F (W) M () ΦP F

(W)MIT M I

T F (V)

N0 N

R (A/W)


111/119

111

D 12 V.

S , 127 VAC, 60 H, 12 V, 3 A. E ,


112/119

112

C MATLAB MIT UNAM

%PPU TESTING OCTOBER 26, 2011

%Author: Carla Perez Martinez and Manuel Mendez Astudillo

%[email protected], [email protected]

clear all; close all; clc;

%TEST ALL Se cargan a la memoria todos los archivos que se van a graficar

load scope_8.csv;

load scope_9.csv;

load scope_10.csv;

load scope_11.csv;load scope_12.csv;

load scope_13.csv;

load scope_14.csv;

load scope_15.csv;

load scope_16.csv;

%Se guardan en variables la información que se tiene en los archivos.

t=scope_8(:,1);

vapp8=scope_8(:,2);

icoll8=scope_8(:,3);

vapp9=scope_9(:,2);


vapp10=scope_10(:,2);














%Se grafica las variables obtenidas y se da formato a la gráfica

figure(1);

subplot(1,2,1);

plot(t,vapp8,t,vapp9,t,vapp10,t,vapp11,t,vapp12,t,vapp13,t,vapp14,t,vapp1

5,t,vapp16);

xlabel('Tiempo [s]','FontSize',14);

ylabel('Voltaje aplicado por la UPP [V]','FontSize',14);

grid on; %set(gca,'FontSize',12);

axis([0 t(end) -2100 -1500]);

subplot(1,2,2);

plot(t,icoll8,t,icoll9,t,icoll10,t,icoll11,t,icoll12,t,icoll13,t,icoll13,

t,icoll14,t,icoll15,t,icoll16);


113/119

113


ylabel('Corriente recolectada [µA]','FontSize',14);

grid on; set(gca,'FontSize',12);

axis([0 t(end) 0.13 0.4]);

%filtro

b = fir1(30,.04); % 30th-order linear-phase FIR filter.

hd = dfilt.dffir(b);

hd.persistentmemory = true;

hd.states = 1;

%se aplica el filtro a las variables obtenidas anteriormente

v8 = filter(hd,vapp8);





v13 = filter(hd,vapp13);v14 = filter(hd,vapp14);



i8 = filter(hd,icoll8);









%se grafican las variables filtradas y se da formato a la gráfica.

figure(2);

subplot(1,2,1);

plot(t,v8,t,v9,t,v10,t,v11,t,v12,t,v13,t,v14,t,v15,t,v16)


ylabel('Voltaje aplicado por la UPP [V]','FontSize',14);

grid off;

axis([0 t(end) -2100 -1500]);

subplot(1,2,2);

plot(t,-i8,t,-i9,t,-i10,t,-i11,t,-i12,t,-i13,t,-i14,t,-i15,t,-i16);


ylabel('Corriente recolectada [µA]','FontSize',14);

grid off;axis([0 t(end) -.4 -0.13]);

%se acota la información obtenida de las variables.

vch8 = v8(1000:2000);

vch9 = v9(1000:2000);

vch10 = v10(1000:2000);

vch11 = v11(1000:2000);

vch12 = v12(1000:2000);

vch13 = v13(1000:2000);

vch14 = v14(1000:2000);

vch15 = v15(1000:2000);

vch16 = v16(1000:2000);


114/119

114

ich8 = i8(1000:2000)*1e-6;

ich9 = i9(1000:2000)*1e-6;

ich10 = i10(1000:2000)*1e-6;

ich11 = i11(1000:2000)*1e-6;

ich12 = i12(1000:2000)*1e-6;

ich13 = i13(1000:2000)*1e-6;

ich14 = i14(1000:2000)*1e-6;

ich15 = i15(1000:2000)*1e-6;

ich16 = i16(1000:2000)*1e-6;

%se calculan parámetros como máximo y mínimo, así como promedios.

vrip(1) = max(vch8)-min(vch8);






vrip(7) = max(vch14)-min(vch14);vrip(8) = max(vch15)-min(vch15);


irip(1) = max(ich8)-min(ich8);









vave(1) = mean(vch8);

vave(2) = mean(vch9);vave(3) = mean(vch10);







iave(1) = mean(ich8);






iave(7) = mean(ich14);iave(8) = mean(ich15);


%se grafica el promedio

figure(3)

plot(vave,iave);


115/119

115

A = 1

F = 0

˂ 14

= 14 ++ = 0

˃ 0

0

1

0

1 A

C 0 15

˃

=0 =1

D /Q

Q


116/119

116

; . .1164.; , 5 5

2 ( : ; : ; : ; : ; : (1 0); 2

: ; 555: ; MOSFET: ; : ; : );

;

2 . : 0 15; 0 15 : ; D : ; : ; : ; : ; : 0 15 :=7;

D.


117/119

117

()

()

"00" =>


118/119

118

1 J. . F, G , , E .

: , 2003.

2 CAC, "E E," , . 6, A 1965.

3 . B. A, " ," A

E, , , K, 2010.

4 J. . . J. , . 28. :

, 2011.

5 . K, " ,"

, , , 1998, . 6.

6 C. G. F. (2006). ( ).7 . K. , C. (1995, 21 11 11). E D . 2.

A: ://..///3034/.

8 . , "E ," . 112, 2008.

9 I. (2012, 09 2012). . A: ..

10 . . J, A. D, " E

B," , . 8, 2000.

11 . J. C, , 4 E . : GH

I, 2005.

12 J. . , , 2 . : GH, 1997.

13 . . . B, . :

H, 2003.

14 K. C. . A . , , 5 . : GH I,

2006.

15 C. B. C B, "IGB FE: C ," . 5, 2005.

16 . G. J, . : GH, 1968.

17 . . (2000, 21 ). . A:

://..////E.

18 E. . C. G. J, "E ,"

, . 5, . 14, 2002.

19 A. D. G. (2000, E . A:

://..//21701743/4.

20 . C. , " ID C ," D,

A A, I, I, 2003.21 . . I. (2011, 21 ). . A:

://..//.

22 CF, "I ," . 6, F. A, E., , 2011, . 10.

23 J. A. H, " & I ," , I,

2011.

24 F.. . C. (2007, 21 ). . A: ://.

.//77.

25 G. , . , F: IA , 2010.

26 EC, "26385," EC, E., . : AG, 1999.


119/119

27 F. , "IF710713," F. , E., . : AG,

2009.

28 AG. (2011, 21 ). . A:

://../. 29 . H. , , . :

H, 2004.

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