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The future of VET – critical lessons for TAFE Claire Field Presentation to AUSTAFE 2014 Conference

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The future of VET – critical lessons for TAFE

Claire Field

Presentation to AUSTAFE 2014 Conference

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Overview

Quick history recap – why are we here?

Current issues & lessons for a stronger future Funding New choices for TAFE’s traditional clients Regulation Employer engagement TAFE’s real competitors International education Higher education reforms

Beyond the horizon

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Quick History Recap

1991‐1992: Finn, Carmichael & Mayer

ANTA – the compromise

ANTA Act (1992) six aims:1. a national training system2. industry involvement & increased industry responsiveness3. an effective training market4. an efficient & productive network of publicly funded providers5. increased opportunities & improved outcomes 6. improved cross‐sectoral links

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Quick History Recap cont.

National training reforms stall 

ANTA is abolished (2005) – policy vacuum

COAG (2006) – human capital reforms

2008 COAG agrees to National Agreement for Skills and Workforce Development – more flexibility for States

2008 Victoria announces the Victorian Training Guarantee  (introduced July 2009)

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Quick History Recap cont.

COAG 2012 National Agreement for Skills and Workforce Development: improve accessibility, affordability and depth of skills, through a national training 

entitlement & ICLs improve training participation & qual completions a more open and competitive training market enable public providers to operate effectively in an environment of greater 

competition assure the quality of training delivery and outcomes greater transparency through better information increase industry’s engagement with the VET sector facilitate more interconnected tertiary and training sectors that cross boundaries 

between school, adult, vocational and higher education

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Current aims for VET reform

2014 COAG Industry and Skills Council:1. National system, governed effectively, clear roles & responsibilities for 

industry, Commonwealth & States/Territories2. National system streamlined industry‐defined quals able to respond 

flexibly to national/state priorities & emerging areas of skills need3. Trade apprenticeships valued & utilised as a career pathway4. Modern/responsive national regulatory system, risk‐management 

approach, supporting competitive, well functioning market5. Informed consumers who have access to info they need to make choices 

about providers & training6. Targeted & efficient gov’t funding that considers inconsistencies between 

jurisdictions or disruption to fee‐for‐service market

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A National Training EntitlementElement VIC SA QLD WA NSW ACT NT TAS

Program Victorian Training Guarantee

Skills for All Great Skills. Real Opportunities 

Future Skills Smart & Skilled

Skilled Capital

NT Training Entitle‐ment

Career Start, Demand Led Program, Bridging/FndtnSkills

Timing  2008 2012 2013 2014 2015 2015 2013 2014

Providers VIC‐based or history of VIC delivery

Open Open Open NSW‐based Have a current ACT funding contract

Open Open

Criteria  Approved as per Statement of Expectations3yr contracts for some RTOs

Approved as per Skills for All guidelines 

Approved as  Pre Qualified Supplier

Current providers + new RTOs via  EOI. 

Approved against NSW Quality Framework

Explicit metrics

Approved as per Endorsed Provider Gudelines

Must meet Skills Tas qualitydefinition

% training funds contestable

100% Unclear ‐ some TAFE  courses receive a higher subsidy

100% from July 2014 after TAFE quarantined funds deducted

Unclear  Unclear $21 million

Govt allocates

Govt allocates

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A National Training EntitlementElement VIC SA QLD WA NSW ACT NT TAS

Qualifications VTG List (Skills VIC) 

Skills for All List ‐DFEEST

Skills List (by  DETE)

Priority Skills List  ‐ ITCs  

NSW Skills List  ACT Skills Needs List  

Entitle‐mentquals list

3 funded programs & limited quals

Eligibility Cert  II & III multiple +Foundationskills

Cert  II & IIImultiple +Foundation skills 

Cert  III +  Foundation skills

Cert II up to Diploma.  Foundation skills & access programs only at TAFE. 

Cert II & III first qual. Foundation Skills (TAFE & ACE only)

Cert III, FoundationSkills & wrap‐around support

Cert III & above

Cert III first qualificationFoundation Skills 

Course fee Set by RTO Set by RTO Set by RTO Set by Govt Set by Govt Set by RTO Set by Govt

Set by RTO

Govt subsidy Hourly per qual & nominal hours

Hourly rate per UoC(> for TAFE). Caps on some quals

Per qual Hourly rate per UoC(> for TAFE)

Per qual, provider allocation

Per qual. Caps on quals

Currently 15 providers receive funding –per qual

Provider allocation

Studentcontribution

Optional (ieRTO not compelled to charge) 

Optional  Mandatory  but RTO determines  fee 

Mandatory  & set by Govt. 

Mandatory & set by Govt in 1st year. 

Mandatory  but RTO determines  fee 

Nil (but RTO can charge resources fees, etc)

Optional

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Funding

A more nationally consistent approach

Crucial challenge ‐ balance individual choice with skills needs of economy 

Early Victorian approach gives reform a bad name –lessons re quality

Quality much less of a problem with reforms in other States

Different approach to funding for TAFEs in different States

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Funding cont.

Additional funding for TAFE (Community Service Obligations, IR arrangements, infrastructure, etc)

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TAFE (32%)

Universities (8%)

Privates (48%)

Learn Local (11%)

Enrolments in VET ‐ Victoria 2013

Victorian Training Market report, 2013

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Gov’t subsidised VET enrolments (2008‐2013) ‐ Victoria

-

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Learn Local

Unis

TAFE

Private

Victorian Training Market reports

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Gov’t funding of VET (2012)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

$0

$100,000

$200,000

$300,000

$400,000

$500,000

$600,000

$700,000

$800,000

$900,000

NSW Vic Qld WA SA Tas NT ACT

Payments to non-TAFE providers ($'000)

Proportion of funds to non-TAFE providers

NCVER, VET Statistics Financial Information, 2012 

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4 ½ years of Victorian reforms

Victoria = 25% of Australian population but 34% of VET enrolments

43% inc by Indigenous students

58% inc by students reporting a disability

109% inc by Culturally & Linguistically Diverse students

46% in skill shortage/specialist occupations (in 2010: 37%) 

most enrolments at Cert III & above (76%)

88% of Vic employers satisfied & 85% students satisfied with quality of training

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TAFE & the contestable market

Reforms may feel anti‐TAFE but the focus is choice, efficiency and more students enrolled 

Issues for TAFE in adapting to greater contestability:1. Shift from managing budgets to generating revenues2. Higher cost base3. The TAFE Brand4. Community service obligations/traditional clients5. TAFE outcomes & satisfaction levels

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Student satisfaction & outcomes

TAFE All gov’tfunded

Employed after training 74.8% 78.2%Unemployed before training & employed after 40.7% 43.7%Satisfied with teaching 90.4% 90.1%Satisfied with assessment 89.9% 89.0%Satisfied with overall quality of training 88.4% 87.3%Fully/partly achieved main reason for training 83.0% 83.5%

NCVER Student Outcomes Survey 2013

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New choices for TAFE’s traditional clients

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Regulation

ASQA analysis indicates: ~20% are high quality, fully compliant ~60% have some compliance issues but can fix them within 20 working days

~20% have serious issues with compliance

De‐regulation: self management of scope based on compliance history not ownership (ie top 20%)

Further changes to come for high performing providers as ASQA moves to an ‘earned autonomy’ model

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Regulation cont.

90% of 3200+ audits triggered by an application resulted in: 112 initial applications refused 113 re‐registrations refused 2.2% of change to scope refused* 

10% of audits (320) not related to application = 130 lead to suspension or cancellation*

ASQA’s first successful prosecution (Sept 2014)

Expect more prosecutions & stronger fraud detection

* Figures provided by ASQA June 2014

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Employer engagement

Priority to strengthen role of industry/employers 

New regional trials emphasise training for jobs

ISC/Training Package contracts (industry involvement)

Changes to the Australian Apprenticeship Centres 

NVR Standards: assessment validation?

Future funding changes – stronger emphasis on completions/job outcomes?

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TAFE’s Competitors

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TAFE’s Competitors cont.

10 more listed/about to float VET providers

Which providers are your competitors?

How can you find out?

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International student enrolments

Sector Public Private Public as a % of total

Higher education 176,273 24,448 88%VET 13,461 61,917 18%Schools 9,808 6,033 62%ELICOS 9,279 29,183 24%Non‐award 18,844 2,431 89%Total 227,845 124,012 65%

AEI ‐ year to date enrolments July 2014 

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Higher education reforms

If they proceed, reforms will distort VET Diploma market

Funding differential: VET Diploma of IT: 1,360 hours @ $3.50 per hour = $4,760 (Vic) Higher Ed Diploma of IT: $9,033 (uni) & $6,323 (TAFE)

VET Diploma of Engineering: 900 hrs @ $7 = $6,300 (Vic) Higher Ed Diploma of Engineering: $12,045 (uni) & $8,432 (TAFE)

VET Diploma of Agriculture: 1,820 hours @ $5 = $9,100 (Vic) Higher Ed Diploma of Agriculture: $18,067 (uni) & $12,647 (TAFE)

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Higher education reforms cont.

TAFEs & private providers with high levels of VET Diploma delivery vulnerable if unis expand HE Diploma delivery

Why study a TAFE Diploma to get credit for entry to a university degree?

2013 Vic gov’t funded 26,000 fewer VET diplomas as a result of fully uncapped CSP places in the university sector

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Diploma market 2012

Norton: Presentation to National Skills Summit 2014

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Non‐uni higher ed enrolments

Source: TEQSA 2014 Statistics Report on TEQSA Registered Higher Education Providers

TAFE & private providers 2012

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Higher education with no reform

4 different private Higher Ed provider types:1. Pathways2. University equivalent offerings3. Niche courses 4. Theological

Private Higher Ed grew 23% in the 4 years to end of 2012 despite uncapping of funding for university places

What are TAFE’s competitive strengths in Higher Ed?

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Future…

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