ukvdavebis wylis wvetebi

t

2010

Targmna

nino CogaZem

Teologiuri redaqtori:

omar qamadaZe

redaqtori:

badri SanTaZe

koreqtori:

nana papiZe

kompiuteruli uzrunvelyofa:L

roin koCaliZe

Targmnilia:

Osman Nurı TopbaşAB-I HAYAT KATRELERI

wigni Targmnilia fond `baraqas~

finansuri mxardaWeriT

misamarTi:

baTumi; angisa

ISBN 978-9941-0-2489-4

m e s n e v i s s a g a n Z u r i d a n

ukvdavebis

wylis wveTebi

osman nuri TofbaSi

udidesi allahi brZanebs:

`...dedamiwa memkvidreobad ergebaT Cems RvTis-moSiS mona-msaxurebs!..~

(sura enbia, aiaTi 105)

`icodeT, rom wmindanebisTvis SiSi ar arse-bobs da maTTvis mwuxarebac ucxoa.~

(sura iunusi, aiaTi 62)

`saaqaoSic da saiqioSic isini samaxaroblos miiReben...~

(sura iunusi, aiaTi 64)

allahis Suamavali brZanebs:

`ueWvelia, rom (namdvili) swavlulebi Sua-mavalTa memkvidreebi arian. Suamavlebs ki

memkvidreobad arc erTi erTeuli dinari an dirhemi ar dautovebiaT. maT memkvidreobad codna datives da, vinc am codnas daewafeba

Zalian didi wilis mflobelad iqceva.~

(Tirmizi, abu davudi)

imami gazali brZanebs:

`Suamavlebis WeSmariti memkvidreebi garegnu-li qcevisa da Sinagani miswrafebis mixedviT

mecnierni arian.~

wminda mevlanasgan

goneba moikribe da CaTvale, rom mTeli cxovreba dRevandeli dRis identuria. maS, modi, vnaxoT dRevandRel dRes ris siyvarulSi xarjav!

aTvali gaaxile da Sexede yurans, romelic Tavi-

dan bolomde allahis sityvaa!

yuranis yvela aiaTi znekeTilobas gvaswavlis.

Tavs vkiTxe: _ `rwmena ra aris?~

gonebam guls CasCurCula:

`rwmena znekeTilobaa!~

anu izruneb sxeulis kvebasa da mis ganviTare-baze radgan is sabolood miwisTvis misabarebi msxverplia. Sen gulis sazrdos miaqcie yura-dReba. uzenaesTan wamsvleli, ai, vin imsaxurebs

yuradRebas da pativiscemas.

a`vardma Tavisi sasiamovno surneli ekal-

Tan Sexmatkbilebuli cxovrebiT SeiZina. amis WeSmariteba vardis naambobidan moismine da

gaiTvaliswine is.

`ratom unda davmwuxrde an davdardiande imis gamo, rom ekalTan erTad vcxovrob? me xom

bedniereba swored imis wyalobiT movipove, rom eklis mZime xasiaTs Sevegue. misive saSualebiT momeca SesaZlebloba samyarosTvis silamaze da

sasiamovno surneli SemeTavazebina...~

aguls vuTxari, iyav mwyalobeli da maamebeli! tkivilis mimyenebel ekals ki nu daemsgavsebi!

winasityvaoba

adamianebis keTildReobisa da maTi simSvidis dacvisaTvis saWiro valdebulebebis momwesrige-beli, islamuri samarTali, or gansxvavebul Tav-iseburebas flobs:

a. kanonebSi ufro metad Wkuasa da sibrZnes eyrdnoba da maT aniWebs upiratesobas.

b. samarTlianobisa da RmerTis wyalobis gamoxatvis survilidan gamomdinare brZanebebisa da akrZalvebis safuZvlad aRebulia sazogadoe-bis yvelaze dabali mdgomareobis mqone, ese igi, yvelaze susti wevrebi.

raki im tvirTis bavSvisTvis SeTavazeba, rom-lis tarebac mxolod falavans SeuZlia, samar-Tlianobasa da mowyalebas ewinaaRmdegeba, aseTi qmedeba usamarTlobaa. xolo adamianis uflebis dacva misi socialuri mdgomareobis gauTval-iswineblad mowyalebis gamovlinebaa.

es ori Tavisebureba sazogadoebis yvela wevr-is uflebebis damcveli da maTi keTildReobis ganmapirobebelia. amavdroulad, saWiroa mudmivad Ria iyos zeda samyarosTan damakavSirebeli kari, raTa maT visac sulierebis meti talanti gaaCni-aT SesZlon zeaRsvla ufro maRal safexurze.

7n

o

ukvdavebis wylis wveTebi

8

n

winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi sulierebas mowyurebuli uamravi gulisTvis samoqmedo Tvalsawieri daxu-ruli iqneba.

islamisTvis damaxasiaTebeli WeSmaritebis wy-alobaa, rom misi arsebobis yvela periodSi mis-tikuri mimdinareobebi mudam yuradRebas iqcevda. nebismieri mistikuri mimdinareoba aRiarebs da emxroba im azrs, rom gonebaze meti mniSvneloba guls eniWeba, radgan is siyvarulis centria. Sei-Zleba iTqvas, rom imisaTvis raTa Senoba yovelg-vari gare zemoqmedebisgan iyos daculi, misi mx-olod oTxi kedeli ki ar unda amoviyvanoT da davtovoT, aramed unda SevkraT da simtkice mi-vaniWoT, unda gavamTlianod.

amgvari principebiT moarsebe da moqmedi, su-lierebas mowyurebuli, niWieri adamianebi mopove-buli srulyofilebis wyalobiT nebismier mov-lenas gonebiTac aRiqvamen da guliTac. amgvarad yvela mavne gatacebisa da ubedurebisagan Tavis dasacavad RmerTze mindoba da misiT daimedeba mizanSewonili da misaRebia, radgan misticizmi Tavdapirvelad RvTiuri bedisweris, sibrZnisa da saidumloebebis Semecnebisaken, amis Semdeg ki nug-eSis, kmayofilebisa da simSvidis mopovebisaken mogviwodebs.

aqedan gamomdinare islamur samyaroSi misti-kuri mimdinareobebi yvelaze xSirad krizisebis dros iCenda Tavs. ̀ RvTaebrivi xedva; rac mowyale-

o

winasityvaoba

9n

bad aRiqmeboda, gansakuTrebiT mZime periodebSi sustebis, tanjulebisa daCagrulTaTvis TavSesa-fari iyo, sadac isini ganmakurnebel siyvaruls, TanagrZnobasa da siTbos Rebulobdnen. is maTT-vis dedis mkerdis movaleobas asrulebda.

amis WeSmaritebaSi gansakuTrebiT maSin davrw-mundebiT Tu islamis istoriaSi yvelaze saSinel, monRoluri dapyrobebis periods gadavavlebT Tvals. monRoluri dapyrobebis Sedegad isla-muri samyaro gadaiwva, daingra da sazogadoebis umetesi nawili frTamotexil Cits daemsgavsa. im periodSi misticizmi tanjulTaTvis savaned TavSesafrad iqca, sadac simSvides, sulierebasa da nugeSs sayovelTaod sTavazobdnen. is adami-anebs magnitiviT izidavda, radgan sisxlmdinare daWrilebisTvis _ wamlis magivrobas swevda, uki-duresad mZime mdgomareobaSi myofTaTvis ki didi nugeSi iyo. am periodSi moevlinen sazogadoebas iunus emre da mevlana jalaleddin rumi. isini iyvnen mistikosebi, romlebic krizisul viTareba-Sic nayofierad moRvaweobdnen da sulebs mala-mod edebodnen. maTi Semoqmedeba ki dRemde axdens zemoqmedebas Cvens gulebze.

samwuxarod, misticizmis zemoqmedebisa da sil-amazis Semcirebis periodSi sazogadoebam degra-dacia ganicada. swored XIX saukuneSi Caeyara safuZveli `islamisgan ukuqcevas~, romelic Tan-daTanobiT ganviTarda, gaizarda da Tanamedrove sazogadoebaSi didi krizisi warmoqmna. dRevan-

o


10

n

delma adamianebma uaryves ra sulieri gziT cx-ovreba, vnebis CarCoebsa da materialur wnexSi moeqcnen. maT sakuTari zneoba imaze metad daan-gries, vidre es monRoluri dapyrobebis dros mox-da. sazogadoeba amoralurobis morevSi mcurav im kunZs daemsgavsa, romelic gaurkveveli dasas-rulisken mieqaneba. amgvar sagangaSo situaciaSi Tavis gadasarCenad aucilebelia im simSvidis navTsayudels SevefaroT, romelsac misticizmi gvTavazobs.

dRes, imis gamo, rom goneba materialiazmis br-WyalebSia moqceuli, aucileblobad iqca cxovre-biseuli movlenebis gulis TvaliTa da sibrZniT ganWvreta. Cven valdebuli varT bahaeddin naqSi-bendis, mevlana jalaleddin rumis, abdulqadir geilanisa da sxva didi adamianebis brZnul da saidumloebebiT aRsavse rCevebs kvlav davugdoT yuri da maTi sulierebisgan moberili niaviT visazrdooT.

maTi codnisa da rwmenisTvis damaxasiaTebeli dadebiTi zegavlenis gamo warmogidgenT nawar-moebs _ `mesnevis baRidan erTi doqi wyali~. am nawarmoebis warmatebam kidev erTxel aCvena, rom krizisis morevSi Cavardnili, tanjuli adamiane-bisTvis misticizmi ganmakurnebeli eleqsiria. amitomac kvlav movkideT kalams xeli da ukve meored gadavwyviteT mesnevis gamoyeneba. Cvens xelT arsebuli es axali masala sazogadoebi-sTvis, romelsac sulierebisa da simSvidis moTx-

o

winasityvaoba

11n

ovnileba gaaCnia, mevlanas mesnevidan `erTi doqi wyalia~.1

am gziT gvsurs dagarwmunoT, rom mesnevi, romelic mTeli kacobriobisaTvis saukuneebis manZilze ukvdavi STagonebis wyaro iyo, udidesi RmerTis mier mevlanasTvis miniWebuli azrisa da sibrZnis okeanea. amave dros Rrma saidumloebe-biT aRsavse wignia; adamianis arsis amxsneli, misi gamomkvleveli da sityvebiT ametyvelebuli mi-sive sulia.

mesnevSi mevlana adamianis sulis siRrmeebs swvdeba, warmogvidgens mis namdvil saxes, Sinagan samyaros da akvnesebuli eZebs guls, romelic mis dards gaiziarebs.

iSviaTia nawarmoebi, romelsac mesnevis msgavsi siRrmiT gadmogvces mistikuri WeSmaritebebi da adamianis sulis xveulebi. wminda mevlana adami-anis azrovnebisTvis Znelad Casawvdom mistikur Temebs gvawvdis da brZnuli moTxrobebis gziT codnis misaRebad mzadmyof gulebs ineqcias uke-

1. am nawarmoebis Sedgenis dros gamoyenebuli iqna aw gansv -

nebuli Sefiq jan beiefendis `sakiTxebis mixedviT gan-

martebuli mesnevis Targmani~ da mkiTxvelisTvis ufro

advili gasagebi rom iyos mevlanas mier gadmocemuli WeS-

maritebebi, mesnevidan aRebuli beiTebis zogierTi sityva

umniSvnelod iqna Secvlili. nawarmoebis Sedgenis dros,

raki mecnieruli naSromis Sedgena ar gvqonda miznad

dasaxuli da Cveni mizani iyo is mkiTxvelisTvis gasageb

enaze mogvewodebina, drodadro im Targmans mivmarTavT,

romlzec zemoT mogaxseneT.

o


12

n

Tebs.

RmerTma wminda mevlanas saxiT Cven mogvaniWa bedniereba, raTa RvTis mier misTvis nawyalobevi sibrZniT savse gulis okeanidan _ wili migveRo da am grZnobebis meSveobiT es wigni Segvekra. Cven mxolod sabeWdi manqanis movaleoba SevasruleT da yovelgvari sakuTari mtkicebulebis warmod-genisagan (allahs vefarebiT) Tavi SevikaveT.

udides RmerTs vevedrebiT es Cveni mokrZale-buli nawarmoebi mudmivad nayofieri yofiliyos da omar faruq demiriSiqisa da yvela im adami-anisTvis, vinc mis SedgenaSi dagvexmara mudmivmo-qmed sikeTed iqces.

dae, Cveni gulwrfeli mizani udides RmerTs Tavis safexurebze miwvdes da es nawarmoebi, romelic ucnobi adamianebisadmi miwerili wer-ilis xasiaTs atarebs, sulierebis im sarkmlad aqcios, romlisganac materialuri da sulieri krizisiT sulSexuTuli sulebi, daRlil-daqan-culi gulebi CaisunTqaven da damSvidebis saSu-aleba miecemaT. ~

amin!

warmateba allahisganaa.

osman nuri TofbaSi

23 marti 2005

salamuris novela

mevlanas nawarmoebebSi moxseniebuli

salamuri sinamdvileSi `srulyofil

adamians~ warmoadgens. salamuris

srulqmnamde, lelianSi, lerwmis

mier gavlili fazebi adamianis

Camoyalibebis, ese igi, sulis gawafvisa

da gulis ganwmendis~ safexurebs

gamoxatavs.

i

salamuris novela

lerwami gamocalkevebul iqna lelianisgan,

sadac is Tavdapirvelad izrdeboda, es misTvis

mware godebis mizezi gaxda. sulebis samyarodan

movlenil, Tixisgan Seqmnil sxeulSi Sesaxlebul

`srulyofil adamiansac~ im lerwmis msgavsad su-

lieri samyaro moenatra. es monatreba, TavSeka-

veba, TviTSemecneba, fiqri, RmerTis siyvaruli

da ubedurebebi ki adamians amwifebs, aviTarebs,

gamowvrTnis da sabolood `srulyofs.~

lelianSi amosuli lerwami ostatis xeliT

wesisamebr iWreba. mas guls uReben da axmoben.

Semdeg cecxliT xvreten, Tavsa da boloSi rkinis

kvanZs ukeTeben da cota xans ase toveben. Semdeg

ki mas mestvire Cahberavs da isic msmenelebs maTi

gulis viTarebis Sesabamisad,1 saocrebasa da idu-

1. wminda mevlana im azrs, rom salamuri adamianebis gul -

bze maTi mgrZnobelobis Sesabamisad sxvadasxvagvar

zegavlenas axdens, lerwmis eniT ase gadmogvcems:

`me yovelgvar sazogadoebaSi avkvnesebulvar. cudi xa-siaTis adamianebTanac micxovria da kargi xasiaTis ada-mianebTanac. yvela Tavisi gagebis mixedviT Cemi satrfo gaxda, magram CemSi arsebuli saidumlo aravin ar mo-Zebna.~

mevlana, erT sxva beiTSi, gadmoscems, Tu rogor daeZebs is

srulyofil adamians, romelTanac SesZlebs Tavisi said-

umloebebis gaziarebas.

`mivdivar savaneSi im adamianis monatrebiT visac guls gadavuSli da vinc Cems gagebas SeZlebs!~

15n

o


16

n

malebas aziarebs.2

2. islami aris amaRlebuli rwmena, romelic ar uaryofs ad -mianis xasiaTis Taviseburebebs da maT SesaniSnavi formiT awesrigebs. ise rogorc araerTi mxatvruli Semoqmedeba, musikac adamianSi arsebul bunebriv TaviseburebaTagan erT-erTis gamomJRavnebaa. aqedan gamomdinare, sxva Tavise-burebebis msgavsad, misi arc mTlad uaryofaa SesaZlebeli da arc im saxiT miReba, rogoric sinamdvileSi aris. gad-awyvetileba imis mixedviT unda miviRoT Tu ra zegavlenas axdens is adamianze: sasikeTosa Tu sazianos.

am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT bahaeddin naqSibendis muridT-Tagan gadmogvcemen:

`bahaeddin maswavlebels vemsaxurebodi, miyvarda musika. erT dRes ramdenime muridi SevikribeT, musikaluri in-strumentebi movZebneT da wminda maswavleblis sazogadoe-baSi musikis Sesruleba gadavwyviteT, amgvarad gvindoda gagvego ras fiqrobda is am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. asec moviqeciT. magram maswavlebelma ar dagvaneba da gviTxra:

`Cven am saqmes ar vaRiarebT, magram arc uarvyofT!~

bahaeddin naqSibendis es sityvebi miuTiTebs, rom boro-tebasTan dabruneba SesaZlebelia da amitom sifrTxile gvmarTebs. swored dRes, roca mravali adamiani mTlianad daSorda misticizms da mxolod musikiT tkbobas mieca, kargad aCvenebs am sakiTxis aqtualobas da imis aucile-blobas, Tu rogori sifrTxiliT unda movekidoT mas.

wminda mevlana sakuTari cxovrebis `wvisa da gamowrTo-bis~ periodSi, maSin roca is did adgils uTmobda eqstazs, quCaSi Cavlisas oqromWedlisagan oqroze dartymis xmas rom gaigonebda, esec ki allahs axsenebda da misTvis es eqstazis sababi xdeboda. saerTod misi amgvari mdgomareoba da es unari, misi xasiaTis Tavisebureba, Rrma sulierebis, mgrZnobelobisa da saidumloebebSi wvdomisgan warmoiSva. amitomac mevlanas damokidebuleba musikisadmi sayovel-Tao magaliTad ar gamodgeba.~

o

salamuris novela

17n

srulyofilebis gzaze mimavali, adamianic ms-gavs fazebs gaivlis. srulqmnili pirovneba sxva adamianebisgan gansxvavebuli kriteriumebiT sargeblobs. Suamavlebis erT-erTi yvelaze didi Tavisebureba isaa, rom isini `SerCeul~ iqnen. Sem-deg ki, aRzrdis sxvadasxva meTodebiT, maTi Sina-gani samyaro amqveyniuri warmavali kavSirebisa da mRelvarebebisgan daicala, gamoiwrTo, moT-mineba TariqaTis (derviSTa ordeni; mistikosebis profesia, gza romelsac adamiani allahTan Sexve-dris surviliT adgeba) gzis gavliT Camoyalibda, romelic gatacebebiTa da gamocdebiTaa aRsavse, amas Sedegad mohyva `zeSTagonebis~ nebarTva, romelic maTi srulyofilebis bolo safexuri iyo. isini iqcnen im gamovlinebebad, romlebSic allahis Semoqmedeba, saocrebebi da Zala mJRavn-deboda. amitom, adamianebi maTi morCilebi RmerT-Tan Sexvedris gzas irCevdnen, mas miyvebodnen.

lerwmis adamianebis dardis gamziareblad qcevasa da piriqiT, adamianTagan misi aRmoCenis Sesaxeb mesnevis wyaroebSi Semdegi novelaa mo-cemuli:

wminda Suamavalma allahis mier TavisTvis nawyalobevi saidumloebebisa da sibrZnis zRvi-dan erTi wveTi amanaTad wminda alisac misca da mkacrad gaafrTxila:

`am saidumloebebs gaufrTxildi, ar gasce!~

wminda alim misTvis mibarebuli amanaTis

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18

n

tareba ver SeZlo, radgan misi simZimis qveS orad moikeca. is velad gavida da sakuTari saidumlo erT bnel WaSi CaRvara. dro gavida, Wa aivso da wyali gareT gadmovida. Widan gadmosulma wyalma aremare lelianad aqcia da droTa ganmavlobaSi iq lerwmebi aRmocenda. erT mwyemss qaris qrolvi-sas lelianidan sasiamovno melodia Semoesma, erTi maTgani moWra da ̀ salamuri~ gaakeTa. magram salamuris mier gamocemuli xma imdenad Rrma da mwveli aRmoCnda, rom yvela moajadova. es xma ada-mianebis sevdisa da sixarulis mizezi gaxda. mw-yemsma saxeli male gaiTqva da arabuli tomebi misi xmis mosasmenad yoveli mxridan modiodnen. (ahmed eflaqi brZenTa naambobi, II, 440)

mevlanas mesnevi am sasiamovno melodiis da masSi damaluli saidumlos werilobiTi formaa

amitomac is vinc mesnevis kiTxvisas mis azrs CauR-rmavdeboda bevr sibrZnes poulobda da cdilobda saidumlo amoexsna.3 mevlana, romelic ukidegano okeanis mxolod erT wveTs Sescqeroda, am wveTis Sesabamisi baiaTebis saSualebiT, Cveni Tvalsawi-erisTvis misawvdom okeanes warmogvidgens. miuxe-

3. Cemi sparsi maswavlebeli iaman dede, romelic Tavdapirvelad

qristiani iyo, swored mesnevis saSualebiT Caswvda WeSmarite-

bas. mas hkiTxes:

`ratom axsenebT Tqven ase xSirad mevlanasa da mesnevs?~

pasuxi aseTi iyo:

`Svilo, me mevlana damexmara da wminda Suamavlis karebTan

mimiyvana, rac CemTvis WeSmaritebis Semecnebis saSualebad

iqca. imis mravaljer moxseneba ki, vinc me cecxlisagan mixsna

gana sakvirvelia?~

o

salamuris novela

19n

davad imisa, rom is azris siRrmesa da sibrZnes flobda, mainc moTqvamda sakuTar TavSi damaluli saidumlos Rirseulad gadmocemis mouxerxeblo-bis gamo. mas Semdeg msjelobaSi nagulisxmevi hyavs ra mesnevis pirveli mkiTxveli, ambobs:

`es mesnevi husameddinis mixedviT davwere!~

`mesnevi mokled davawerine raTa saidumloe-bebi da sibrZne ukeT yofiliyo ganmartebuli; wi-naaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi misi tareba ormoc aqlemsac ki gauWirdeboda.~ amgvarad is mianiSnebs, rom al-lahis codna da sibrZne usasruloa.

mevlana Seyvarebuli moazrovne iyo. misi si-brZnis siRrmis SemecnebisTvis adamianTa umrav-lesobas Zala ar Seswevs.

`Cven mevlana jalaleddinis eqstazuri godeba movismineT, magram ar xelgvewifeba im simSvidis zRvis siRrmis srulad xilva, romelSic igi iyo CaZiruli. Cven mxolod imas vxedavT, rac zRvis fskers moswyda da zRvis zedapirze amotivtivda. Cven wminda mevlanas siyvaruli ki ara, mxolod am siyvarulisgan gadmosuli godeba davinaxeT. mTeli Cveni namuSevari Cveni mouxerxebeli eniT amis gadmocemis mcdelobaa, radgan simSvidis zR-vaSi mxolod is CaiZira. Cven misi eqstazis gri-galisgan marto xma mogvwvda. da, samwuxarod mas mevlanad vTvliT.~4

4. nureTTin TofCu, mevlana da misticizmi, gv. 139.

mesnevis mixedviT

salamuris kvnesa anu

srulyofili adamianis

gulis xmamesnevi: `sarCos zRva erT doqSi rom Caasxa,

iqedan ramdenis aRebas SeZleb? mxolod imdenis,

ramdenic masSia moTavsebuli. ese igi yvela arse-

ba Tavisi bedisweris mixedviT mxolod kuTvnil

wils aiRebs...~ (t. 1, 20)

udidesi RmerTi TiToeul adamians imden sar-

Cos ganusazRvravs, ramdenic am adamianisTvisaa

saWiro. misi gadaWarbebulad uzrunvelyofa-uaz-

robaa, radganac hadisSi nabrZanebia:

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22

n

`sarCoc iseve miaRwevs adamianTan, rogorc

sikvdili.~ (ibn hibbani, sahihi, VIII, 31)

am hadisis mixedviT arc erTi adamianis sic-

ocxle ar mTavrdeba manam, sanam misTvis winas-

war gansazRvruli sarCo ar dasruldeba. ise

rogorc sxva yvelaferi, sarCoc RvTaebriv gan-

sazRvrulobas emorCileba, amitom misi mopovebisa

da miRebis dros gvmarTebs aqtiuroba, TavSeka-

veba da mowiweba. didi ugulisyurobaa Tu RmerTs

daviviwyebT da CavTvliT, rom Sedegi Cveni dam-

saxurebaa, rom mizezi Sesabamis Sedegs iZleva.

Wkvianma adamianma icis, rom sarCo mizezebisgan

ki ara, am mizezebis Semoqmedi, udidesi RmerTis-

gan momdinareobs. sarCos gamomgzavni swored is

aris, amitom Cven unda mivyveT RmerTs, romelic am

sazrdoTi uzrunvelgvyofs. aiaTSi nabrZanebia:

`..Cven Sengan sarCos ar viTxovT. piriqiT, Seni

sarCo Cven gvekuTvnis...~ (sura Taha, aiaTi 132)

bmesnevi: `gaumaZRrebis, ese igi, amqveynis Zlier

moyvarulTa Tvali arasdros dakmayofildeba. margalitis niJarac margalitiT manam ar Seivse-ba, sanam mcirediT ar dakmayofildeba.~ (t. 1, 21).

sixarbe yvela qmnilebaSi gansxvavebuli ode-

nobiT, magram mainc devs. or bavSvs xelSi erTna-

iri saTamaSo rom misceT, erTi meores saTamaSos

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salamuris novela

23n

mimarT im doziT ganicdis Surs, ra doziTac devs

mis xasiaTSi sixarbe. am sixarbis gakontroleba

da minimumamde dayvana sulieri aRzrdiTaa Sesa-

Zlebeli. amis gamo yuranSi nabrZanebia:

`xsnas moipovebs is, vinc ganiwmindeba.~ (sura

ala, aiaTi 14)

sazogadoebis simSvidisa da bednierebis up-

irvelesi piroba allahis mier boZebuli xvedriT

kmayofilebaa. vinaidan es xvedri aucilebeli

da gardauvali bedisweraa. bedi ki saidumloe-

bis okeanea. masSi damaluli sibrZneebis arsSi

Cawvdoma SesaZlebeli ar aris. amitomac alla-

his bedisweriT kmayofileba da im bedisweraSi

Camalul sibrZneze mindoba savaldebuloa. isini,

vinc am sakiTxSi warmatebas ver miaRweven, aRmoCn-

debian jojoxeTis yvelaze Rrma ormos _ `gaia~-s

adidebul morevSi, romelic yovelgvar survi-

lebs STanTqavs.

bmesnevi: `RmerTis siyvarulis wyalobiT vnebi-

sgan xsnilia, egoizmis borkilebisagan ganTavisu-flebuli adamiani sixarbisagan, yovelgvari borotisa da sibilwisagan mTlianad ganiwmind-eba.~ (t. 1, 22)

isini, vinc suls rwmeniT asazrdoeben da amiT

siamovnebas iReben, Tavisufldebian sicocxlisa

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24

n

da qonebis dakargvis SiSisgan da maT RvTaebrivi

siyvarulis mopovebis saSualebad gardasaxaven.

magram es iolad gansaxorcielebeli ram ar aris.

amis misaRwevad moTmineba, Seupovroba, RvTismsax-

ureba, vedreba da vnebis daZlevis mudmivi mcde-

lobaa saWiro. miwac ki zamTris sisastikes itans,

raTa gazafxulis Tvalwarmtaci sikeTeebiT moir-

Tos. margalitis niJara ki lodinis Semdeg mar-

galitis mkerdSi Cakvris bednierebas moipovebs.

bmesnevi: ̀ miwisgan Seqmnili Cveni sxeuli siyvar-

ulis wyalobiT cad amaRlda, gandidda.~ (t. 1, 25)

adamianis sxeuli miwisgan Sedgeba. amiT is

sxva qmnilebebisgan ar gansxvavdeba, radgan, Tavis

droze ise rogorc sxva sulieri arsebebi, isic

miwisgan Seiqmna. dRemde is miwis cvlilebebis

Sedegad miRebuli sakvebiT sazrdoobs da sabo-

lood isev miwas ubrundeba. Cveni sulieri Tvise-

bebi ki allahs ekuTvnis. aiaTSi nabZanebia:

`roca mas Cemi sulisgan STavbere...~ (sura hijri,

aiaTi 29)

adamianma RmerTamde amaRleba rom SeZlos, mas

amisTvis uzenaesma gansakuTrebuli niWi uwyalo-

ba. isini vinc amqveyniur zraxvebsa da survilebs

uaryofen da srulyofilebis gzas daadgebian,

RmerTTan Sesaxvedr manZils Seimokleben.

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mevlana ambobs:

`sxeulis kvebasa da ganviTarebas gadametebu-li yuradReba ar miaqcio! radgan is sabolood miwisTvis misabarebeli msxverplia. Sen imas dauk-virdi guli riT sazrdoobs! radgan swored is amaRldeba da iqneba pativcemuli.~

`sxeuls karaqiani da Tafliani sazrdo mcire doziT miawode. is savaldebuloze metad ar gamokvebo, radgan Semdeg vnebisa da gemoTmoyva-reobis morCilebis qveS aRmoCndeba da Sercxveba, damdabldeba.~

`suli sulieri gziT gamokvebe. srulyofili fiqri, gamWriaxi goneba da ubiwo sakvebi Ses-Tavaze, rom samaradiso mgzavrobaSi Zlieri wa-vides.~

bmesnevi: `sakuTari enisa da codnis mflobelni

TavianT enaze mosaubreTagan an codnis miRebis msurvelTagan Sors Tu dadgebian, asobiT ena, aso-biT melodia rom icodnen mainc utyvni iqnebian, gaCumdebian.~ (t. 1, 28)

wminda Suamavali brZanebs:

`adamianebs maTi cnobierebis donis Sesabamisi sityviT mimarTeT.~ (ix. buhari, codna, 49)

sityva, romelic Tanamosaubris Semecnebis

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26

n

doneze maRla dgas, raoden maRalfardovanic ar

unda iyos, sargebels ar moitans. aqedan gamom-

dinare, erTi gulidan wamosuli Rrma da nazi

grZnobebis gasagebad aseTive meore gulia saWiro,

radgan codvis WaobSi CaZirul adamianebs Tval-

ic dabrmavebuli aqvT da gulic. ra dasanania

briyvebsa da uvicebze daxarjuli sityva, isini

qvafenilis ganapira amosul, fexiT gadaTelil,

araCveulebriv yvavils hgvanan.

wminda mevlanam xalxisTvis gasagebi, emociurad

aRsaqmeli Txzuleba `mesnevi~ Seqmna. miuxedavad

amisa is brZanebs:

`gamgebiani adamianis natvraSi movkvdebi!...~

meore mxriv, rCeva-darigebam Tanamosaubreze

zegavlena rom moaxdinos, rCevis mimcemsa da

mimRebs Soris siyvaruli unda arsebobdes. siy-

varuli iseTi jadosnuri gancdaa, rom SeiZleba

sityvis uTqmelad erTi gulidan meoreSi gada-

vides. es aris imis mizezi, rom sufistebi neb-

ismieri Canafiqris WeSmaritebis gzaze dasayen-

eblad saWiro niadagis momzadebisas siyvaruls

iyenebdnen.

allahiseuli namdvili megobroba niSnavs ori

sxvadasxva sxeulis erTi guliT cxovrebas. sx-

vagvarad rom vTqvaT, megobroba ori xelia, rom-

lebic erTmaneTs bans, zustad ise rogorc muha-

jirebi da ansarebi...

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salamuris novela

27n

bmesnevi: `Semodgomis dadgomisTanave vardis

baRSi vardebi siqorfes eTxovebian. amis Semdeg

bulbulis aqamde sasiamovno melodiebisa da

godebis mosmena gausaZlisi xdeba.~ (t.1, 29)

adamianis mier adamianis siyvaruli da am siy-

varulis obieqtis familaruli saubari vardisa

da bulbulis Tavgadasavals hgavs. adamianebis

umravlesoba Tanamosaubris mimarT Sesaferis si-

tyvebs iyenebs. mosaubre ZiriTadad gulia, ena ki

gulis Tarjimania. gamoxatulebebi da grZnobebi

Cveulebriv salamuris mwveli melodiebia, Tuki

mas mestvire asrulebs. xolo Tu am salamurze

ucodinari ukravs sazogadoeba Semodgomis vard-

is baRs emsgavseba.

bmesnevi: `ra bednieria adamiani, romelic mimar-

Tavs warmaval amqveyniurobasa da egoizmisgan

ganTavisuflebul, ukvdav adamianebs. sabraloa is

cocxali adamiani, romelic mkvdarTan zis, radgan

maSin Tavadac mkvdrad aRiqmeba.~ (t. 1, 1513)

udidesi RmerTi brZanebs:

`morwmuneno! geSinodeT allahis da iyaviT san-

doebTan erTad!~ (sura Tevbe, aiaTi 119)

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28

n

namdviliı bedniereba wminda adamianTa gulebi-

sgan sulierebis miRebiTa da zneobis amgvari ga-

keTilSobilebiTaa SesaZlebeli. radgan maTi ama-

Rlebuli mdgomareoba, im siyvarulis wyalobiT,

romelic erTad yofnas saWiroebs, gulidan gulSi

vrceldeba da adamians srulyofils xdis. amis

TvalsaCino magaliTebi Suamavlis Tanamimdevre-

bia. maTi warsuli xom velurobis gamovlinebebiT

iyo aRsavse, isini sakuTar qaliSvilebs cocxlad

marxavdnen da ar cnobdnen araviTar samarTals;

magram wminda Suamavlis siyvarulisa da masTan

urTierTobis wyalobiT znemaRal adamianebad

iqcnen. xarisxobrivad ki wminda adamianebic igive

safexurze iyvnen.

am mdgomareobas mevlana ase gadmogvcems:

`megobaro! ar moiwyino imis gamo, rom wminda Suamavals ver moeswari da amiT ver isargeble! iyavi am wminda qmnilebis memkvidre sando adami-anebTan erTad da sawadels aisruleb.~

RmerTi brZanebs:

`...nu dajdebi usamarTlo sazogadoebaSi!~ (sura

enami, aiaTi 68)

Tumca, adamianis yvelaze didi ubedureba isaa,

rom am brZanebis sapirispirod iqceva da vnebis

wnexis qveS moqceul adamianebTan erTad imyo-

feba. amgvari siyvaruli yovelgvari uaryofiTi

Tvisebis erTi gulidan meoreSi gadasvlisa da

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salamuris novela

29n

saSineli Sedegis miRebis mizezi xdeba.

adamiani, romelic mudmivad RvTismosavebTan

erTad aris, Tavadac RvTismosavi xdeba; xolo

vinc usamarTloebTan atarebs dros maT msgavsad

da kompanionad iqceva. am WeSmaritebas mevlana

Semdegnairad gamoxatavs:

`azrian adamianebTan erTad iyavi, maTgan keTil-ganwyoba da sulieri siZliere miiRe. RmerTis siy-varuliT ki axalgazrdoba, Rone da janmrTeloba SeinarCune.

sxeulSi Casaxlebul suls Tuki azrovnebisa da siyvarulis Sesaxeb araferi ecodineba, qar-qaSSi Cadebul xis xmals daemsgavseba. is xma-li sanam qarqaSSi devs, Sesaxedavad Zvirfasi da sasargeblo Cans, rogorc ki qarqaSidan amoiReb mxolod dasawvavad Tu gamodgeba.

Tu is xisaa, wadi da sxva xmali moZebne. Tu al-masisaa, sixaruliT iSiSvle. almasis xmali wmin-danebis iaraRTagania. maTi mopoveba TqvenTvis Zvirfasia, radgan sulieri siZlieris dasturia.

Sen umtkicesi qva an marmarilos natexic rom iyo, gulis patronTan Tu SeaRwev maSin Zvirfa-seulobad, ese igi zurmuxtad, briliantad, al-masad iqcevi. wminda vaJkacebis siyvaruli gulSi ganTavsdeba. guls gonierTa siyvarulis garda araferi miawodo.~

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30

n

bmesnevi: `rogorc ki siyvarulis xma movida mkv-

darma sulebma frTebis farfati, gardacvlilma sxeulebma ki saflavebidan Tavis wamoweva dai-wyes.~ (t. 4, 840)

Suamavlebi da wmindanebi ukvdavebis wyaroa.

maTi saSualebiT gauxeSebuli mkvdari sulebi

cocxldebian, energiuli xdebian.

bmesnevi: `vnebiano adamiano! kargad icode, rom

RmerTis wyalobis yvelaze didi qmnileba _ gu-lia. mis miRma yvelaferi susti da misi Crdilis identuria.~ (t. 4, 1362)

`xeebs Soris mdinare miedineba. mis kamkama wy-alSi orive napiras ganlagebuli xeebis anarekls dainaxav.~

`wyalSi asaxuli anarekli mxolod iluz-iis baR-bostania. namdvili baRebi da bostnebi gulebia. radgan guli allahis sameTvalyureo adgilia.~ (t. 4, 1364-1365)

saWiroa ar dagvaviwydes, rom guli RmerTis

TavSesafari da navTsayudelia. radganac gadmo-

cemis mixedviT udidesi RmerTi brZanebs:

`casa da miwaze ar davetevi, me mxolod Cems morwmune mona-msaxuris gulSi ganTavsdebi.~

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salamuris novela

31n

(ajluni, qeSful hafa, II, 195) iunus emre ambobs:

RmerTis sasaxle _ guli,

misi mzeriT suldgmuli,

gulis momkvleli suli

iqneba ubeduri.

bmesnevi: `wmindanebs udidesma RmerTma iseTi

Zala uwyaloba, rom isini mSvildidan gasrolil isars ukan abrunebdnen.~

`wmindans simSvides raime movlena Tu daur-Rvevs, udidesi RmerTi am movlenis gamomwvevi miz-ezis kars daketavs.~ (t. 1, 1669-1670)

udidesi RmerTis safexurebze wmindanebis aRi-

arebaze da daSvebaze naTlad metyvelebs erT-

erTi wminda hadisi, sadac RmerTi brZanebs:

`imas, vinc Cems wminda mona-msaxurs umtrobs, oms gamovucxadeb. Cemi mimdevari da mona-msaxuri ufro metad verafriT damiaxlovdeba, vidre Cems mier misTvis dawesebuli farZebiT. Cemi aRmsare-beli me (farZebTan damatebiT Semsrulebuli) nebayoflobiTi RvTismsaxurebebiT miaxlovdeba; sabolood me mas vaRiareb da miyvars. xolo, roca mas Seviyvareb (Cveulebriv), mis, molaparake enad, mgrZnobiare gulad, msmenel yurad, mxedvel Tvalad, damWer xelad da mosiarule fexad viqce-

vi. Cemgan rasac iTxovs aucileblad mivcem, Tu

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32

n

daxmarebas mTxovs _ davexmarebi, Tu Semekedleba

davifarav...~ (buhari, riqaqi, 38)

erT sxva hadisSi allahis Suamavali brZanebs:

àllahis mona-msaxurebs Soris arian adamiane-

bi, romlebic arc Suamavlebi arian, arc Sehide-

bi, magram gankiTxvis dRes allahis safexurebze

iseT adgilebs daiWeren, rom maTi TviT Suamav-

lebsa da Sehidebs SeSurdebaT.~

Tanamimdevrebma uTxres:

`vin arian eseni da ra sikeTeebi Caidines? gvam-

cne allahis Suamavalo da Cvenc maTdami mxolod

siyvarulsa da siTbos gamoviCenT!~

ès iseTi modgmaa, romelTa Soris arc axlob-

lobaa, arc vaWroba da arc saqmiani urTierToba,

isini erTmaneTs mxolod allahis kmayofilebis

mosapoveblad daukavSirdnen. vficav RmerTs, maTi

saxeebi gaciskrovnebulia da Tavadac Suqis min-

berze dganan. roca adamianebs eSiniaT, maT ar

eSiniaT. roca adamianebi dadardianebuli arian,

isini ar swuxan.~ _ brZana wminda Suamavalma da

Semdegi aiaTic waikiTxa:

ìcodeT, rom allahis megobrebisTvis SiSi ar

arsebobs; maT ar ician mwuxarebac, radgan al-

lahi iwames da yvela RvTismoSiSobiTa da sa-

kuTari rwmenis ZaliTaa SemozRuduli. maTTvis

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salamuris novela

33n

saaqao da saiqio cxovrebaSic samaxaroblo devs.

allahis sityvebSi cvlileba ar aris. ai, es yve-

laze didi xsnaa.~ (sura iunusi, aiaTebi 62-64), (haqimi,

musTedriqi, IV, 170)

wminda mevlana zemoT mocemul bwkarebs, sxva-

gan Semdegnairad gadmogvcems:

`allahma Suamavlebi da wmindanebi samyaroSi

wyalobisTvis moavlina. amis gamo isini xalxs

ise aZleven rCevebs, rom Tavs ar abezreben. imaT-

Tvis ki vinc am rCevebs ar usmenen da ar moswonT,

RmerTs evedrebian: `RmerTo Cveno! Seibrale Sen

isini da wyalobis karebi ar dauketo!~

Senc moikribe goneba da wmindanebis rCevebs

gulisyuriT mousmine! mousmine da dardisgan, Si-

Sisgan ganTavisufldi, sulieri simSvide da dar-

wmunebuloba moipove!

xelsayreli SemTxvevis wyalobiT uyoymanod

CamoSordi maT, vinc am warmavalma qveyanam moatyua

da mTlianad CaeWide RmerTze mindobil, srulyo-

fil adamianebs, raTa saiqio netareba daimkvidro

da am wamxdar saaqaos intrigebisgan Tavi ixsna!

wmindanebis sityvebi ukvdavebis ankara wylis

msgavsia. roca xelsayreli SemTxveva geqneba mas

daewafe, raTa gulSi sulierebis yvavilebi, vard-

ebi gaiSalos.~

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34

n

bmesnevi: ùdidesma RmerTma wminda adams sa-

kuTari saxelebi da Tvisobrivi maxasiaTeblebi Tavad amcno. sxvebs ki es saxelebi adamis saSu-alebiT gamouSkarava.~ (t. 1, 1943)

àllahis Suqi gind allahisgan aiRe, gind srulqmnili adamianisgan. siyvarulis eleqsirs gind Tasidan daewafe, gind doqidan.~ (t. 1, 1944)

`vinc erTi sanTlisgan anTebul meore sanTels dainaxavs, namdvili sanTlis mnaxveli is iqneba.~

àmgvarad, pirveli sanTlis Suqi as sanTelze Tu gadava da im sanTliT asi sanTeli Tu ainT-eba, ukanaskneli sanTlis Suqis mnaxveli namdvil pirvel sanTels ixilavs.~

`WeSmaritebis Suqi, romelsac eZebdi Tundac siyvaruliT manaTobeli bolo sanTlidan an Ta-vad pirveli sanTlisagan aiRe. maT Soris aravi-Tari sxvaoba ar aris.~ (t. 1, 1947-1949)

zemoT Tqmulidan gamomdinare `Suamavlebis

memkvidreebi~ ewodebaT im moRvaweebs, romlebic

asketizmisa da RvTismoSiSobis gzaze sulier

srulyofilebas garegnulad da Sinaganadac aR-

weven; aseve Semecnebasa da gamWriaxobas iviTare-

ben, faqizi grZnobebi uyalibdebaT da rwmenis sia-

movnebas SeigrZnoben.

wmindanebi imaTTvis, vinc cdilobs vnebisa da

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salamuris novela

35n

dabrkolebebis ganadgurebas da romelTac wmin-

da Suamavali da misi Tanamimdevrebi ar unaxavT,

samagaliTo arian. am wminda adamianebis misabaZi

cxovreba da WeSmaritebisadmi ltolva Suamavlis

zneobis gamovlinebaa.

isini TavianTi sibrZniT, Zlieri rwmeniTa da

gadamdebi niWiT adamianebs magnitiviT izidavdnen

da sazogadoebisaTvis TanagrZnobisa da siyvaru-

lis ubed iqceodnen. maTi aRiareba da xalxis

mier maTi dafaseba isev RvTiT iyo ganpirobe-

buli. aiaTSi nabrZanebia:

`maT vinc irwmunes da RvTisnieri qmedebebi

Caidines, ueWvelia mowyale allahi (maT gulebSi)

siyvaruls Seasaxlebs.~ (sura meriemi, aiaTi 96)

`mousmine salamurs, Tu rogor mogviTxrobs,

ganSorebaze, Civis da ambobs, rom mas Semdeg

rac is lelians moswyvites,

kaci da qali ganurCevlad misi godebis gamo oxravs.~

i

srulqmnili adamianis gulis xma

_ salamuris gminva

srulyofili adamianis gulis xma

salamuris gminva

sulebis samyarodan maradiulobisken mimaval gzaze damdgari adamiani sixarulisa da Zrwolis momgvrel, or kontrastul situacias Soris in-jRreva. mgzavrobis yvelaze rTuli da xifaTiani faza amqveynad yofnis periodia. wuTisofelSi yofna, akvnidan kubos karamde, viwro derefanSi dardian mgzavrobas Seesabameba. amis Sedegi ki an maradiuli bedniereba da monagebia, an maradiuli danaklisi da wuxili am danakargis gamo.

adamianebi, am periodSi, Tvalze Camofarebuli ugulisyurobis fardis gamo WeSmaritsa da ufro mnivSnelovans veRar xedaven. aris adamianTa iseTi kategoriac, romlebic am warmaval samyaroSi Ta-vianT adgils; movaleobasa da pasuxismgeblobas ver gansazRvraven. isini cxovreben ise, rom verc ki grZnoben miwis qveS arsebul wyvdiads rogori idumalebiTa da siswrafiT Seerwymebian.

`vin var, saidan da risTvis movedi? es miwis samflobelo ras warmoadgens? roca sicocxlis wyaroebi, zRvis msgavs ukuns Seerwymis, sxeuli romel sanapiros miadgeba?!~

adamianebi, romlebic amgvarad ar msjeloben, Tvlian, rom sikvdili maTgan Sors aris da Tavs ukvdavebad miiCneven. isini warmavlobas gamor-

39n

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40

n

icxaven da amitom misi uaryofiT cxovroben. maT maradisobis SegrZneba usustdebaT da saiqio Ta-darigs ar ewevian. isini amqveyniuri varskvlave-bis cru brwyinvalebiT arian Sepyrobili.

adamiani yvelaze mniSvnelovan codnas iRebs da srulyofilebas aRwevs miwisa da mis qveS ar-sebuli saflavis saidumlos amoxsniT. magram goneba da guli manam ver Caswvdeba am saidum-los, sanam iq Tavad ar aRmoCndeba. radgan codnas, romelic sikvdilis saidumlos xsnis mxolod RmerTi flobs... am sakiTxis Sesaxeb yvelaze dama-jerebeli, gaazrebuli da misaRebi pasuxebi, Sua-mavlebsa da mis memkvidreebs aqvT. amitomac Sua-mavlebis Semdeg maT movaleobas sakuTar Tavze wmindanebi iReben. isini im SegnebiT cxovreben, rom maT ugulisyuroebis gamofxizleba evalebaT. isini aTasgvari xerxiTa da meTodiT, xan xatovani msjelobiT, Rrma sibrZnis gamovleniT da WeSmari-ti magaliTebis moyvaniT cdiloben RvTiuri said-umlo Cvens gulamde miitanon. am gadasaxedidan, wminda mevlanas mesnevSi arsebuli Tvrammettaepi-ani epizodi Zalian Rrma azrsa da saidumloebebs moicavs. ase rom am usazRvro saidumloebebidan aRebuli STabeWdilebebis wyalobiT bevri ara-muslimani eziara islamis WeSmaritebas.

wminda mevlana RvTaebrivi siyvarulis cecx-liT damwvari, mudmivad mwyurvali, maradJams Sex-vedris surviliT aTrTolebuli da aRelvebuli, gondakarguli da datyvevebuli gulia. mxolod

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salamuris novela

41n

isini, vinc ver gaiazrebdnen misi siyvarulis saidumlos da sibrZniT ganmsWvalul mdgomare-obas, mis Sesaxeb aTasgvar Worebs avrcelebdnen. goneba ver swvdeboda ra misi siyvarulis usas-rulobas, mis eqstazs, tanjvasa da wuxils mas Seuracxyofas ayenebdnen.

am gaugebrobiT sakmaod gatanjuli wminda mev-lana iZulebuli gaxda zneobrivad srulqmnili adamianis godeba da Tavisi gulistkivili sala-muris kvnesis saxiT moeTxro.

ai, ras wers Tavisi gancdebis Sesaxeb:

`Cemi kvnesa Seni kvnesisagan ar gansxvavdeba, Cemi saidumlo Sens kvenesaSia! momismine!~

Cveni azriT, yvelaze saukeTeso risi gakeTe-bac Cven SegviZlia aris misi mowodebisadmi yuris dagdeba. is, siyvaruliT nasazrdoebi ambobs:

`mousmine salamurs Tu ra ambavs gviambobs;~

`mas Semdeg rac lelians moswyvites, kaci da qali, ganurCevlad, misi godebis gamo oxraven.~

movusminoT isev mas:

`me Tavdapirvelad lelianSi aRmovcendi. Cemi fesvebi da guli wyliTa da miwiT sazrdoobda. iq nazad virxeodi, qaris qrolvis mimarTulebis mixedviT vmoZraobdi, magram dadga dRe da mSob-liur garemos momaSores. Cemi sxeuli siyvaru-lis cecxliT gamoaSres, dadaRes, gaxvrites da

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mravli Wriloba momayenes. Semdeg mas mimabares, visac sunTqvis didi xniT Sekaveba da stvirSi Caberva SeuZlia. misma mxurvale grZnobiT aRsavse sunTqvam sulSi gaiara da man CemSi, siyvarulis garda, yvelaferi waSala. axla ukve siyvaruliT aRmomxdari kvnesa da godeba maxrCobs. Cemi kvne-sa-godeba sinamdvileSi CemSi arsebul usasrulo, RvTiur saidumloebebs gadmoscems da im WeSmar-itebasa da bednierebas, romelsac me Cavwvdi melo-diiT gadmoscems. ese igi Cemi saidumloebebi xmis garkveuli mdgomareobiTa da moZraobiT gamoix-ateba da xatovnad gadmoicema. magram maT, visac Tvalebi danisluli aqvT da yurebi daxSuli am saidumloebebisgan wamosul Suqs ver dainaxaven da Cems mier naTqvam WeSmaritebas ver gaigeben.~

wminda mevlanas surs maT, vinc mesnevis sala-muris JReras usmenen, misi Tavgadasavlis wyalo-biT Rrma grZnobebi daeufloT.

leliani, romelsac salamuri ekuTvnis ada-mianis Tavdapirveli harmoniuli arsebobis sim-boloa. amitom is maradisobaSi adamianis RmerT-Tan erTad yofnas Segvaxsenebs. udidesi RmerTi adamianTan dakavSirebiT acxadebs: `Cemi RvTae-brivi Zalisgan (sulisgan) mas (saidumlo) STav-bere.~ es naTlad aCvenebs, rom Cveni sulieri sam-yaro allahiseuli saidumlos matarebelia da is adamianebi da brZenebi, romelTac es srulad aqvT Semecnebuli, mTeli cxovreba RmerTTan Sexvedris dauokebeli surviliT iwvian.

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`yurani iwyeba sityviT ̀ waikiTxe!~ mesnevi ki si-tyviT _ `moismine!~ amitomac roca mesnevis komen-tatorebi amboben ̀ moismine~ ̀ waikiTxes~ ganmarte-bas warmoadgenso, maT Semdegi ramis Tqma surT:

`RvTis sityvas mousmine! saidumlos mousmine! SenSi arsebul farul WeSmaritebas mousmine!~

radganac mesnevi adamianebisTvis SeTavazebu-li yuranis WeSmaritebebisa da saidumloebebis cvaria.

rogorc ukve aRvniSneT mevlana nawarmoebs sityva mismineTi iwyebs, rac arabulad termin-iT `biSnev~ gadmoicema. raki is aso b-ze iwyeba, gulisxmoben, rom nawarmoebi `besmeleTi~ unda ixsnebodes. imis magaliTebi ki, rom werilebs, broSurebs, statiebs ̀ besmeles~ nacvlad ̀ b~ asob-geras awerdnen, xSiria. amas safuZvlad wminda alis gancxadeba udevs:

`is rac yuranSia _ aris faTihaSi, rac faTiha-Sia _ aris besmeleSi, rac besmeleSi _ `b~ asob-geraSia mocemuli.~

mesnevis pirveli Tvrameti taepi, mevlanaseuli faqizi fiqrebis, ostaturi da Rrma azris maCven-ebeli saidumloebebis okeanea. amitomac mesnevis Sesavali nawili `beiT-beiT,~ sityva-sityviT, bger-iT-bgeramde iqna ganmartebuli da uamravi komen-tari gaukeTda. sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, es Tvram-meti beiTi as eqvs beiTiani mesnevis `faTihad~ miiCneva. es beiTebi Tavad mevlanam dawera qaR-

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aldze da Semdegi nawilic man gamoTqva; pativce-

mulma muridma husameddin Celebim ki is dawera.

wminda mevlana aq salamurs vnebisgan ganwmen-

dil, egoistoba daZleul, RvTiuri siyvaruliT

gajerebul, srulyofili adamianis simbolod

warmogvidgens. salamuri imis gamo kvnesis da

godebs rom lelians, ese igi Tavis namdvil sam-

Soblos moaSores. adamiani ki maradisobidan, ese

igi RmerTTan siaxlovis savanidan gamosacdelad

iqna gadmosaxlebuli. aqedan gamomdinare, Rmer-

TTan ganSorebis gamo, suli gamudmebiT itanje-

ba. adamiani Tavisi Sinagani samyarosa da zneo-

briobis Sesabamisad am ucxo mxareSi tkivilis,

avadmyofobisa da moulodneli ubedurebis gamo

TrTis. is sulierebis samyaros, bednierebisa da

simSvidis nostalgiiT aris Sepyrobili. amgvar-

ad ucxo mxareSi moxvedrili suli RmerTTan Sex-

vedris dauokebeli surviliT, xmamaRali an utyvi

moTqma-godebiT ganvvlis sicocxles, zustad ise

rogorc salamuri kvnesis.

adamianis suli amqveynad sxeulis galiaSia

momwyvdeuli. sxeuli, ese igi vneba da misken

midrekileba RmerTTan SexvedrisTvis winaRobas

warmoadgens. aqedan gamomdinare srulyofili da

Seyvarebuli gulebisTvis sxeulis galia mudmi-

vad Rrma tkivilisa da monatrebis cecxlis miz-

ezia.

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salamuris novela

45n

am cecxlis mxurvalebiT gulis kvnesa izrdeba

da zecamde maRldeba. es ki salamuris melodiis

msgavsia da RmerTTan Sexvedris sixaruls an mas-

Tan ganSorebis tkivils Tanabrad gadmogvcems.

amitom is, vinc salamuris kvnesas usmens, ganSore-

bisa da Sexvedris saidumloebebs ugdebs yurs.

am dros nebismieri adamiani, ganurCevlad sqesisa,

erTnairi simZafriT kvnesis da godebs.

mokled, isini vinc allahis siyvaruliT arian

aRsavse, zRvaSi myof Tevzebs hgvanan, maT ar axr-

CobT is siyvaruli, romelSic dacuraven. magram

isini vinc moklebuli arian am siyvaruls hgvanan

im ugulisyuroebs, romlebic miuxedavad imisa, rom

aTasgvari sanovagiT gawyobil sufrasTan sxedan

mSieri rCebian. isini yovel dResa da Rames wyvdi-

adSi, mSrali da fuWi cxovrebiT atareben. amgvari

sulebi, ra Tqma unda, moklebuli arian srulyofi-

li sulebisTvis damaxasiaTebel mgrZnobelobas

da im umaRles beds rac maT arguna RmerTma.

amgvarad, es Tvrameti beiTi iwyeba sityviT `mo-

ismine!~ da sruldeba fraziT:

Sens ganwyobas ver mixvdeba beci anda briyvi

morCeba da gaTavdeba, Tuki mokled ityvi...

es Tvrameti beiTi sayovelTao azrisa da Zalian

didi saidumloebebis Semcvelia. wminda mevlana

xom erT wveTSi Ria zRvas ucqeroda. es beiTi,

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romlis TiToeuli sityva wveTis mniSvnelobis

matarebelia, Cven zRvasa da okeanesac ki war-

mogvidgens da Tvalwin gadagviSlis.

wminda mevlana aRniSnavs, rom mis gulSi arse-

buli saidumlos Semecnebas yvela ver SeZlebs, es

mxolod im Seyvarebul adamianebs xelewifebaT,

vinc uzenaesTan Sexvedris dauokebeli cecxliT

iwvian.

ìmisaTvis, rom monatrebiT gamowveuli dardi

avuxsna, ganSorebisgan daqucmacebuli guli min-

da!~

am winadadebis gasaazreblad warmogidgenT

novelas, romelSic wminda mevlanam srulyofili

adamianis povnis sirTule gamoxata.

`Rame iyo. saxlidan gareT gamovedi. sanapiroze

vseirnobdi. davinaxe erTi sacodavi kaci, romel-

ic farniT xelSi xetialobda.

vkiTxe:L

àm wyvdiadSi ras eZeb?~

kacma mipasuxa:

àdamians.~

me mivuge:

`samwuxaroa! tyuilad irjebi... me TviT samSob-

loze vTqvi uari da is mainc ver vipove. wadi

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salamuris novela

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saxlSi, daweqi, daisvene! amaod eZeb, mas versad ip-

ovi!~

kacma sacodavad Semxeda:

`rom ver vipovi es mec vici. magram Zebna siam-

ovnebas maniWebs!~

e.i. wuxili yvelaze Rirseuli qmnilebis, sru-

lyofili adamianis ZebniT iyo gamowveuli. da

imas, rasac eZeb mxolod maSin ipovi, roca msgavsi

sevdisgan aTrToldebi. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi,

TrTolvis gareSe darCenili codna da Zieba ve-

raviTar Sedegs ver mogcems.

siyvaruli TrTolviT iwyeba. cxovrebis okean-

is gadalaxva da monatrebulTan Sexvedra, am siy-

varuliTa da eqstaziT aTrTolebul nayofier

niadagze ganxorciledeba. zarmaci da daxavse-

buli gulebi ar TrTian da isini am yofierebis

okeanis morevSi motivtive tvirTs emsgavsebian,

romelic bolos CaiZireba da ganadgurdeba.

guli zRvas hgavs. Tevzis arsebobis xangr-

Zlivoba zRvaSi yofnasTan da zRvis sikeTeebiT

kvebasTan aris dakavSirebuli. Tevzi wylidan Tu

amova mokvdeba.

is gulic, romelic RmerTis xsenebasa da siyvar-

uls moakldeba, zRvidan gamoriyul Tevzs daems-

gavseba; ugulisyuro gaxdeba da vnebis klanWebSi

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moeqceva.

udideso RmerTo, wilad gvargune im adamiane-

bad qcevis bedniereba, romlebic yurs ugdeben

srulyofil pirovnebaTa saidumloebebisa da si-

brZnis xmas da romelTac salamuri magaliTad

aqvT dasaxuli; romlebic siyvaruliTa da eqsta-

ziT Sexvedris dauokebeli surviliTa da cecx-

liT iwvian da yvela am rTuli safexuris war-

matebiT gavlis Semdeg RmerTs xvdebian.

amin!

b

mesnevis mixedviT

WeSmariti megobrobamesnevi: `adamiani, ratomRac mxolod Tvali _

ese igi Rrma mWvretelia. sxva danarCeni sxeulia. namdvili Tvali ki is aris, romelic megobars Seucdomlad xedavs, ese igi mas Seimecnebs. Tva-lad ar CaTvalo sxeulis is nawili, romelic me-gobars ver cnobs, ver xedavs!~ (t. 1, 1406)

Tvali aris fiqrisa da grZnobis samyarosaTvis gamoRebuli sarkmeli. adamianSi SemCneul dadebiT an uaryofiT Tvisebas, gulisa da gonebis anarek-lebs, asociaciebs swored is warmogvidgens.

saRi fiqrisa da emociis gamomJRavnebis upirve-lesi saSualeba garemoze ise Sexedvaa, rogorc saocrebaze. amitom TviT allahi yuranis sxva-dasxva aiaTebSi adamianebs garemomcveli samya-rosadmi amgvarad Sexedvisa da dakvirvebisaken

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mouwodebs:

`nuTu isini aqlems, Rrubels, wvimas, mTebs, zamTarSi simwvanis kvdomasa da gazafxulze mis gacocxlebas, warsuli tomebisagan darCenil niS-nebs... ar Sexedaven?~

meore mxriv, yuranSi allahis sikeTeebis xe-laxla CamoTvlis Semdeg, adamianebs mravalgzis mimarTaven sityvebiT: `hei, xedvis, dakvirvebis (Se-mecnebis) patronebo!..~ am aiaTis mixedviT adami-anebs moeTxovebaT, rom samyaros gamWriaxi Tval-iT Sexedon. msgavsi Sinaarsis matarebelia sxva aiaTSi nabrZanebic: `ar fiqroben? ar azrovneben? ar Seimecneben?~ es aiaTi gamoxatavs, rom sam-yaros arafrismTqmeli, gaugebari mzeriT ki ar unda SevxedoT, aramed saWiroa mas sibrZniT Sem-mecnebeli sazrianobiT davakvirdeT.

is, vinc samyaros Sinagani mzeriT aRiqvams, mas-Si, rogorc uzenaesis umaRles qmnilebaSi, romel-sac adamianis goneba srulad ver swvdeba, Tavisi sulierebis Sesabamisad aRwevs.

samyaro RvTaebrivi sixarulis wyaroa. adami-ani ki RvTiuri sixarulis pirveli gamovlinebaa. mWvreteli Tvalebi da mgrZnobiare gulebi de-damiwaze am RvTiuri sixarulis garda verafers dainaxaven da igrZnoben.

adamianma ganTiadisas amomaval mzes ise unda Sexedos, rom horizontze gadaSlili ferad-fera-di da araerTgvarovani peizaJebis danaxva ar gau-

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Wirdes. maSin, roca Cven mxatvris mier daxatul peizaJs gaocebaSi movyavarT, rogor SeiZleba gulgrili davrCeT samyaros RvTaebrivi xelo-vanis Semoqmedebis winaSe, romelic yovel wams qmnis ubadlo Sedevrebs?

Sexede! titas, ias. netav sad ipova es saocari ferebi Savma miwam? an is wiTeli TuTa? mzis sx-ivebze aelvarebuli yvavilebis cisferi da vard-isferi... Rrma grZnobebiT savse gulisTvis yvela adgili xelovnebisa da Semoqmedebis saocari gamofenaa... Sexede yvavilis sikekluces, futkrisa da pepelas cekvas, farvanas aalebas, bulbulis kvnesas da sakuTar Tavs. yvelaferi xom silamaze, srulqmnileba, RmerTis silamazisgan gamoJonili anareklis ciagia.

ciskris dadgomisTanave, rogorc ki mzis pirveli sxivi samyaroSi airekleba, is axali dRis dawyebas esalmeba da Cveulebriv gveubneba:

`gaiRviZe! Sen dResac mogeca saSualeba sic-ocxlis wignis sruliad sufTa furceli gad-aSalo. rogor Seavseb Sen im furcels, romelsac gankiTxvis dRes win dagideben? rogor emzadebi im saSineli dRisTvis roca getyvian: `waikiTxe wigni, dRes damkiTxvelad Seni sulic geyofa!~

saRamos, roca ca jer gawiTldeba, Semdeg ki Sa-vad SeiRebeba da daRamdeba, Rame adamians etyvis:

`kidev erTma dRem Caiara. kidev erTi nabijiT miuaxlovdi sikvdils. axla moTqma-godeba ukve

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amaoa, saWiro ar aris. rac ar unda ecado ganv-lil dRes ukan veRar daabruneb. Tavs maradiul Zils, miabareb romelic sikvdilia. dafiqrebulx-ar imaze Tu ara rac gaakeTe da rac ar gaakeTe, an imaze Tu ra unda gagekeTebina? SeiZleba dReis Semdeg dilis mzis sxivebi veRarc ixilo.~

is adamianebi, romlebic samyaros sulieri kuTx-iT ucqeren da ise aRiqvamen, erTaderT Zvirfas arsebad da megobrad allahs Tvlian. imisaTvis, rom adamianma sakuTari arsebobis miznad uzen-aesTan miaxloeba daisaxos, amis ganxorcielebi-saTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani adamianuri fiqris da STabeWdilebebis zeSTagonebis CarCoebSi mo-qceva da RvTismosav adamianebTan erTad yofnaa. magram maTTvis megobris wodeba pirobiTia. nam-dvili megobroba (masTan allahis siyvaruliTa da keTilgnwyobiT SeerTebamde), allahTan axlo myof adamianebTan siaxlove, maTi siyvaruli da dafasebaa, adamianuri ususurobis SegrZnebis aucileblobaa. sulieri amaRleba ara wamierad, aramed TandaTanobiT xdeba. e.i. imisaTvis, rom allahs daumegobrde jer adamianuri megobroba unda gaswio. es mgzavrobisTvis aucilebeli pi-robaa.

mevlana am WeSmaritebas ase gadmogvcems:

`Tuki imis gamo, rom marto darCi da ver ipove iseTi adamiani, vinc Tanadgomas gagiwevda _ uime-dobaSi Cavardi, SegiZlia megobris Crdils See-

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faro, romelic mzesTanaa gaTanabrebuli.

wadi da swrafad ipove SenTvis RmerTismieri megobari. Tu ase moiqcevi TviT allahi iqneba Seni megobari da damxmare.

martod yofna, ganmartoeba ucxo garemoSi, ucx-oTa wreSi xdeba, megobrebis winaSe ki ara. qurqi zamTrisTvis aris saWiro, gazafxulisTvis ara.

roca erTi saRi goneba meores, ese igi ze-STagonebis Sedegad aRzrdil gonebas SeuerT-deba _ Zlierdeba, misi Suqi matulobs da gzas kargad ikvlevs.

amis sawinaaRmdegod, raki calkeul vnebas sxva vnebebTan Tanaarseboba es iwvevs msgavs gzaze wyvdiadis gazrdas, am dros WeSmaritebis danaxva SeuZlebeli xdeba.~

bmesnevi: `gulo! mimarTe im adgils sadac Sen

SuqiT Seimosebi. is SenTvis maxlobeli, sruly-ofili adamianebiT damkvidrebuli mxarea. isini Seni momavali ubedurebebis asaridebel fars warmoadgenen.

ıisini borotebas Segindoben da TavianT su-lebSi dagiTmoben adgils.~ (t. 2, 2576-2577)

marTlacda, boroti saqmeebis gamo dasja axali

borotebis Tavidan acilebis mizniT iuridiul

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sistemebSi sayovelTaod aRiarebuli wesia. Sari-

aTic (`Sewyveta~ ganxorcieldeso) am gzas irCevs.

sufistebi ki, imasTan erTad, rom damnaSavis mier

Cadenil danaSauls keTilgonivrulad da mosa-

wonad ar aRiqvamdenen, Tvlidnen, rom is `boro-

tebaSi CaTrevisgan Tavis dasacavad ususuri

gamodga~ da am meTods borotebisve sawinaaRmde-

god iyenebdnen. mas aRiqvamdenen rogorc frTamo-

texil Cits. amitom, dasjis nacvlad mkurnalo-

bis saSualebebs eZebdnen da zustad ise, rogorc

medicinaSi... arc erTi eqimi ar ekiTxeba avadmyo-

fs: `Tu ratom ar daicva sakuTari Tavi, ratom

SeemTxva es avtokatastrofa an ratom gacivda!

is avadmyofs ar daZraxavs, piriqiT icis, rom val-

debulia masTan mosul adamians umkurnalos. su-

fistebic mankier adamians am meTodiT eqceodnen.

xelosanic xom, imdenadaa Tavisi saqmis ostati,

ramdenadac uzadod SeakeTebs im nivTs, romelic

dazianebuli iyo. wminda mevlana ambobs:

`isini Sens mier Cadenil borotebas gapatieben

da TavianT sulebSi adgils dagiTmoben.~

b mesnevi: `imgvari gonebis mflobels, romelsac

yvelaferi esmis da yvelafers Seimecnebs, megobar-

Tan ganSoreba iseT sagonebelSi Caagdebs, rogor-

Sic gatexili isari mSvildosans.~ (t. 3, 3693)

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Wkua islamSi ganimarteba, rogorc `goneba,

romelsac yvelafris srulad Semecneba ar

ZaluZs~. es niSnavs, rom marto WkuiT RmerTTan

da bednierebasTan miRwevas ver SeZleb. amis WeS-

mariteba imiT dasturdeba, rom udidesi RmerTi

damxmared Suamavlebs da saWiro codniT aRWur-

vil adamianebs gvigzavnis. Wkua imis pirobaa, rom

adamians pasuxismgebloba daekisros. marTlacda,

arc erT samarTlebriv sistemaSi gonebasusuti

adamiani danaSaulze pasuxismgebeli ar aris, mas

ar sjian. eWvmitanili mas Semdeg miiCneva damna-

Saved, rac misi gonebrivi srulyofileba dadas-

turdeba. e.i. Wkuagoneba adamians icavs Secdomis

Cadenisgan.

am damaxasiaTebeli sisustis gamo, Wkua ufro

Zlieri gonebiT unda SevavsoT da srulvqmnaT.

andaza: `Wkua Wkuaze nametania~ _ gonier adami-

anebs rCevis aucileblobaze miuTiTebs. indi-

vidisa da sazogadoebis ganviTarebisTvis rCevis

miRebis saWiroeba yuranis sxvadasxva aiaTebSicaa

nabrZanebi:

`...Sens saqmeebze maTTan iTaTbire!...~ (sura ali

imrani, aaiTi 153)

`...isini saqmeebs bWobiT awarmoeben...~ (sura Sura,

aiaTi 38)

b

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mesnevi: `Svilo, daumegobrdi yvelas visac al-lahis mZebnelad CaTvli da maT winaSe pativisce-miT moixare qedi!

Tuki allahis maZieblebs da mis megobrebs dae-mgzavrebi, RmerTis mZebneli gaxdebi; maTi wyalo-biT vnebasTan daamarcxeb.~ (t. 3, 1446-1447)

andaza gveubneba `xari xarTan rom daaba an znes icvlis, an fersao.~ marTlac, imasTan erTad yofniT, vinc giyvars mas daemsgavsebi. amis gamoa, rom udidesi RmerTi yuranSi gvibrZanebs:

`...sandoebTan erTad iyaviT!~ (sura Tevbe, aiaTi 119)

vinaidan adamiani sayvareli adamianis bedisw-eris moziarea, masTan garkveuli grZnobebi akav-Sirebs. amgvarad, RvTismosav adamianebTan urTier-Toba nebismier kacze pozitiurad moqmedebs.

bmesnevi: `kargad icode, rom (amqveynad) orguli

da cru megobrebi, yalbi sayvarlebi, sabolood Sens mtrad iqcevian da Seuracxyofilad igrZnob Tavs.

saflavSi ki allahs moTqmiT Seexvewebi:

`RmerTo, ar damtovo marto!~ (t. 5, 1523-1524)

amqveyniur cxovrebaSi adamianebi bevr rames siyvaruliT udgebian da gulTan axlos miaqvT. magram samaradiso samyaroSi gamgzavrebis dro

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rom dadgeba, ase aRar iqcevian, radgan yvelaferi is, rac amqveynad yofnisas uyvarT da razec ar-ian mindobili, maT imqveynad araviTar sargebels aRar miscems. imis gamo, rom amqveynad yvelaze Zvirfasad qonebasa da Svilebs miviCnevT, udidesi RmerTi gveubneba:

`im dRes qoneba da Svilebi veraviTar sarge-blobas ver mogitans. allahTan mxolod sruly-ofili guli migiyvans.~ (sura Suara, aiaTebi 88-89)

am WeSmaritebas poeti Semdegnairad gamoxata-vs:

maswavlebelo! oqro aRar mogeTxoveba,

im dres, gulia yovelive Seni qoneba.

`maswavlebelo, ar ifiqro rom im dRes roca yvelaferi fass dakargavs, Sengan oqrosa da ver-cxls moiTxoven! maSin sargeblobis momtani mx-olod srulyofili (ganwmendili) guli iqneba.~

bmesnevi: `visac gardacvlili arsebis siyvaru-

li aqvs, im siyvaruliT cocxal arsebasTan Sexve-dras imedovnebs. amgvarad, warmavali arsebis siy-varuli, is xidia, romelic RmerTis siyvarulTan dagvakavSirebs.~ (t. 3, 545)

`WeSmaritebis Tanamgzavro, Sen cocxalTan Ses-axvedrad masze fiqri ar gawyvito da xeli ar daaklo, raTa is cocxali arseba, romelmac guli

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dagikavSira, cota xnis Semdeg usulod ar iqces da miwas ar Seerios.

grZnobebma ar mogicvas da Calis Reri, ese igi warmavali silamaze, SenTvis axlobel megobrad ar airCio, radgan masSi ganTavsebuli siyvaruli da siaxlovis grZnoba droebiTia. Sen samaradiso megobari moZebne.

allahis garda Sens gulTan sxva vinmes rom hqonoda kavSiri, dagexmareboda. axla, SenTvis yve-laze axlobeli ded-mamis megobrobaa?~ (t. 3, 547-549)

`gulisTvis miniWebuli yalbi brwyinvaleba originalis gamoCenisTanave kargavs xibls. Tuki Seni sayvareli silamazes dakargavs, is mogyir-Wdeba, aRar mogewoneba, mas uyuradRebod datoveb.~ (t. 3, 555)

`warmaval arsebebSi danaxuli silamaze RvTi-uri silamazisgan naTxovari, misi anareklia. is areklili Suqi ki erT dRes ukan dabrundeba. ami-tomac warmavali silamaziT nu motyuvdebi, Sen imis dedani, im silamazis sawyisi moZebne!~

`kedelze dacemuli mzis sxivi, kvlav mzes ubrundeba. Senc kedelze dacemuli sxivis nacv-lad sxivis mtyorcnels Sexede, ese igi mzesTan wadi, Seni Sesabamisi is aris.~

`Tuki Raridan wyali ar gadmodinda, ese igi silamazis mSvenierebiT ver datkbi, maSin zeciuri wyali moipove.~ (t. 3, 558-560)

o

WeSmariti megobroba

59n

adamianis midrekileba siyvarulisadmi sinamd-vileSi masSi arsebuli Seufasebeli saganZuria. misi gaflangva samwuxaroa. am samyaroSi allahis garda yvela sxva megobris siyvaruli warmavalia. amitomac siyvarulis, siaxlovisa da megobrobis mTavari mizani da mamoZravebeli udidesi RmerTi unda iyos. allahi, erTi mxriv, miuwvdomlad Sori da Semecnebis miRma myofia; meore mxriv adamian-isTvis mTavar arteriaze axlomyofi megobari da damxmarea. Tu adamiani Seecdeba Sinagani cxovre-biT RmerTs dauaxlovdes, uzenaesi aRuTqvams, rom misi ̀ mxedveli Tvali, msmeneli yuri, damWeri xeli iqneba...~ (zudbeTul buhari, 1107)

am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT aiaTSi nabrZanebia:

`..allahi CvenTvis sakmarisia, is keTili mego-bari da Seudarebeli damxmarea.~ (sura ali imrani,

aiaTi 173)

amasTan erTad (cnobil) adamianur siyvaruls, ese igi mokvdav arsebasTan dakavSirebul siyvar-uls, allahTan zeaRmaval erT-erT safexurad Tu CaTvli, es mosawonia, vinaidan am SemTxvevaSi, allahis siyvarulisken mimaval gzaze mxolod pauza iqneba. magram Tuki guli warmaval arsebas gaakerpebs, misTvis es RmerTTan Sesaxvedr gzaze dabrkolebad iqceva.

is, vinc SeZlebs mejnuniviT Tqvas `leilas Zax-

ilSi RmerTi vipoveo~ da warmavali arsebisadmi

misi siyvaruli RvTaebrivi siyvarulis mxolod

o


60

n

erTi (droebiTi) safexuri iqneba _ bednierebaa!..

ese igi yvelaze WeSmariti da uzenaesi allahis

siyvarulia; romlis mopovebac amqveyniuri cx-

ovrebis yvelaze didi da maRali mizania.

bmesnevi: `vficav allahs, romelsac yvela

saWiroebs, Tavad ki araferi sWirdeba, borot me-gobars boroti gveli sjobia!

boroti gveli adamians klavs, boroti megobari ki mas cecxlSi agdebs da swvavs!

cudi amxanagi, Tundac zneobriv megobars xa-siaTs ufuWebs! radgan farulad mis morals iTvisebs; mis cud Tvisebebs Tavis Tvisebebad aqcevs!

amxanagi, romelsac samaTlianobasTan Sexeba ar aqvs, kapitals ver Soulobs; is Sens Crdilad iqceva, Senive kapitals iRebs da midis!~ (t. 5, 2634-2637)

rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, adamianis fsiqolo-

giuri da gonebrivi mdgomareoba ̀ adamianidan ada-

mianze~ gadadis, amitomac karg adamianebTan urT-

ierToba _ karg, cud adamianebTan erTad yofna

ki cud zegavlenas axdens. amis magaliTi wminda

Suamavals mohyavs:

`kargi da cudi amxanagi nelsacxeblebisa da

o

WeSmariti megobroba

61n

sabervelis gamomwev (mWedlis) mdgomareobas hgavs. muSkis gamyidveli Sen sasiamovno aromatis-gan mcire nawils usasyidlod mogcems an Tavad SeiZen (sanam masTan iqnebi) da sasiamovno sur-nels Seiynosav. sabervelis gamomwevi adamiani ki an tansacmels dagiwvavs, an sabervelis cudi suni Segawuxebs.~ (buhari, zebaihi, 31)

imami rabani imis Sesaxeb, rom cud amxanags

adamiani rogori ubedurebisaken mihyavs, Semdeg

magaliTs warmogvidgens:

`azartul moTamaSeebTan mjdarma adamianma SesaZloa ar iTamaSos da Tavi sufTad igrZnos. magram maTTan Tu xSirad iqneba, droTa ganmav-lobaSi, azartuli TamaSebi moewoneba. es ki su-lieri ngrevaa.~

adamianma yovelgvari codvisagan Tavi rom da-

icvas, aucilebelia mexamridi, borotisa da avis

cnobierad an gaucnobiereblad uaryofa, magram

codvis gverdiT yofna, imave codvaSi Cavardnis

safrTxis Semcvelia. radgan gauTlel da uvic

adamianebTan Tanaarseboba sabolood maTTan `Si-

nagan daaxlovebasac~ gamoiwvevs. es siaxlove

droTa ganmavlobaSi `gulis siaxloveSi~ gadaiz-

rdeba da adamians nabij-nabij waiyvans ganadgure-

bisken.

b

o


62

n

mesnevi: `farisevlebTan megobrobis ubedureba is aris, rom morwmunesac maT msgavsad daamaxin-jebs da meamboxed aqcevs.~ (t. 2, 2892)

uzneobis gamovlinebis ukanaskneli zRvari uTanxmoebaa. islamSi farisevlobis safexuri `urwmunoebis safexurze~ uaresia, radgan sxva adamianis SecdomaSi Seyvana ufro mZime codvaa, aTeizmi, romelic sxvis rwmenas ar Seuracxyofs da ar cdilobs misi mrwamsis Seryevas. am gad-asaxedidan, megobrobisa da erTad yofnisgan yve-laze meti ziani maT adgebaT, vinc urwmunoebs Tanamzraxvelad iqceven. radgan gonebrivi kavSiri droTa ganmavlobaSi Rrma siaxloveSi gadadis, es morwmunis sulieri dacemisa da imedgacruebis mizezi xdeba. wminda mevlana, zemoT mocemul be-iTSi, am WeSmaritebaze mianiSnebs.

bmesnevi: `radganac, Cveni SexedulebiT, ramdenime

saxis avadmyofoba arsebobs; wadi da Seni Sexed-uleba megobris mosazrebas SeuerTe.

Cveni Sexedulebis sanacvlod megobris Sexed-ulebis mowoneba, e.i. gacemulis nacvlad samagi-eros aReba ra sarfiani garigebaa?! SexedulebaSi yvela misi sawadeli Cans.~ (t. 1, 921-922)

WeSmariti megobari cdilobs Tqvas simarTle ,Tundac mware. Tuki megobari SeamCnevs, rom amxan-agi dazaraldeba simarTlis uTqmelobis SemTx-

o

WeSmariti megobroba

63n

vevaSi, mas aucileblad etyvis manamde dafaruls. mevlana sxva beiTebSi am WeSmaritebas gadmogvcems adamianis eniT, romelmac masTan rCevis sakiTxa-vad misul adamians daxmarebaze uari uTxra:

`erTma kacma, raRac sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, ve-rafriT miiRo gadawyvetileba. imisaTvis, rom gad-awyvetileba mieRo da yoymanisgan gaTavisuflebu-liyo, is erT ucxo adamianTan rCevis saTxovnelad mivida, misi azris gageba isurva.

adamianma, romelsac man rCeviT mimarTa, uTxra: `mesiamovna rom mende da rCevis misaRebad mom-marTe. magram me Seni megobari ar var! moZebne sxva da rCevac imas hkiTxe!

me Seni megobari ar var da rCevas nu mTxov! imis rCeva, ki vinc Seni megobari ar aris, warmate-bas ar mogitans!

wadi da is moZebne, vinc Seni megobaria! ueWve-lia, rom megobars megobrisTvis sikeTe unda.

me Seni megobari ar var, Cemi msgavsi adamiani Sen sargebels ver mogcems! me arasworad vimsje-leb, mcdari gziT waval da saWiro sityvas ver getyvi.

adamiani, romelic karg adamianebTan megobrobs, RumelSic rom ijdes, gegoneba, rom vardis baRSi zis.

magram Tu baRSi zis mterTan, romelic mego-brad miaCnia, maSin is RumelSi mjdari adamianis

o


64

n

Tanabaria.

mouxme gonebas, egoistobam ar Segipyros da gulwrfeli megobari ar daamciro, Seuracxyofa ar miayeno!~

bmesnevi: `guli yoveli megobrisgan sakvebsa da

sulier sazrdos, yoveli cnobisagan ki amamaR-lebel siamovnebas iRebs da ganiwmindeba.~ (t. 2,

1089)

rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, megobris SerCevaSi

sifrTxile unda gamoviCinoT. mevlana am beiTSi

miuTiTebs, rom mxolod karg adamianebTan mego-

brobaa sasargeblo da Sedegiani. saerTod, gan-

wyoba da ama Tu im adamianis xedva gadamdebia.

maTi gadacemis arxi ki siyvarulia. erTi adamiani

meore adamianis ganwyobis zegavlenis qveS imis

mixedviT eqceva, ramdenadac es adamiani uyvars.

siZulvili am sulier vaWrobas abrkolebs, siy-

varuli ki `gulis vaWrobas~ imdenad aZlierebs,

ra doziTac masSia ganTavsebuli.

b mesnevi: `Sen sali qva an marmarilos natexic

rom iyo, mgrZnobiare gulis patronTan moxvedri-sas saganZurad iqcevi.

wrfeli da wminda vaJkacebis siyvaruli gul-

o

WeSmariti megobroba

65n

Si ganaTavse. brZenTa TanagrZnobis garda guli arafers dauTmo.

uimedobisaken nu waxval, imedis karebi arse-bobs. wyvdidis mxares nu mimarTav, roca mze br-wyinavs.

guli Sen brZenTa samyofelisken gezideba, sx-euli ki wylisa da Tixis nagebobisaken migaT-revs.

goneba moikribe, gulis amxanags esaubre da am gziT guls sakvebi miawode.~ (t. 1, 722-726)

vneba adamians sulmdablobisaken ubiZgebs. am-itomac, ise rogorc daumorCilebel, Smag cxens wrTvnis patroni, saWiroa adamianmac sakuTari Tavi codnis, RvTismsaxurebisa da allahis gzaze svliT sulierebis atmosferoSi aRzardos.

sakuTari Tavis srulqmnisTvis codna saWiroa, magram araa sakmarisi. radgan mcodne adamianma Tavisi codna SorsmWvretelobad da Sedegian saqmed unda aqcios. amgvarad, gonebisa da gulis erToblivi da harmoniuli funqcionirebaa saWiro dadebiTi Sedegis misaRebad. winaaRmdeg SemTx-vevaSi, mSralma codnam adamians SeiZleba siamay-is, egoistobisa da ganadgurebisken ubiZgos.

vneba ramdenime safexurs Seicavs. yvelaze dau-

morCilebeli vneba _ `emmare~, adamians mudmivad

borotebis qmnisaken ubiZgebs; Tanmimdevruli

gawafviT suli `levvame~, `mulhime~ da `muTmain~

o


66

n

safexurebamde amaRldeba. maSin es Smagi vneba

damorCilebul patrons aRviraxsnili cxenis ms-

gavsad iq waiyvans, sadac isurvebs. namdvili mo-

na-msaxureba am safexurze Cndeba. allahis neba-

surviliT is win waiwevs da `radie~, `merdie~ da

`srulyofilebis~ safexurebamde amaRldeba. am

mdgomareobis miRwevis piroba da saTave wmind-

anebTan erTad yofna, maTi gulis siyvarulis mop-

ovebaa. Tavdapirvelad vneba amas eurCeba da ada-

mians sulmdabal pirovnebebTan yofnas aZalebs.

magram iseve rogorc yoveli sirTulisas erTi

gamosavali aqac aris. (da sakmarisia am gamosav-

lis moZebna.) meore mxriv, adamians angelozisTvis

kuTvnil safexuramde amaRleba sakuTari Tavis

aRzrdis wyalobiT SeuZlia. wminda adams Rmer-

Tis brZanebiT angelozebma sejde Seusrules, rac

imis gansaxiereba iyo, rom adamiani vnebaze mbr-

Zaneblobda. angelozi RmerTis keTilganwyobas

ise moipovebs, rom mas am gzaze araviTari dab-

rkoleba ar xvdeba. adamians ki amis misaRwevad

vnebebisa da dabrkolebebis mudmivi gadalaxva

sWirdeba. swored am mizeziT, adamianis mier Rmer-

TTan dasakavSireblad mopovebuli gamarjveba an-

gelozebis morCilebaze ufro maRal safexurze

dgas.

bmesnevi: namdvil `megobars megobris tanjva-

wameba rarigad umZims? tanjva-wameba Cveni sx-

o

WeSmariti megobroba

67n

eulis SigniTa nawilis msgavsia. megobroba ki mis kans hgavs. amitom megobrobisTvis damaxasi-aTebeli sirTuleebisa da problemebis tvirTva rTulia. megobari oqros msgavsia. ubedureba ki cecxls hgavs. xalasi oqro cecxlSi gamWvirvale xdeba.~ (t. 2, 1459-1461)

arsebobs gamoTqma `adamians tanjva awrTobs, folads-cecxli.~ marTlacda, wyalobis msgavsad dardic CvenTvis sasikeTodaa. imis safrTxe ki didia, rom am ori gamovlinebisas adamians fexi daucdes. mwuxarebisa da gansacdelis Jams Tuki moTminebas ar gamovamJRavnebT, Tuki ar vitvir-TavT mas, rogorc RvTaebriv gansazRvrulobas da piriqiT, ar daveTanxmebiT, ar visargeblebT maTgan, e.i. RvTis nebas ar davemorCilebiT da avujany-debiT, es ganadgurebasTan migviyvans. wyalobac amgvaria. Tuki wyalobas allahisgan gardmovle-nilad CavTvliT da misi madlieri viqnebiT is xvavisa da baraqas mizezi gaxdeba. magram mas saku-Tar damsaxurebad Tu CavTvliT, siamaye mogvicavs da ubedurebas davatexT Tavs.

wmindanebi, ese igi, amaRlebuli sulis adami-anebi, Semecnebisa da wvdomis unars iseTi ze-STagonebiT iviTarebdnen, rom isini sadardebli-danac da wyalobidanac Tanabrad gamarjvebuli gamodiodnen, zarali ar adgebodaT. aseT adami-anebs SeuZliaT Tqvan: `dardic sasiamovnoa da wyalobac!~ RvTis wyalobiT, Cvenc unda vecadoT, rom aseT adamianebad viqceT. dardisganac da wyalobisganac namdvili sargeblobis misaRe-

o


68

n

bad mxolod zemoT dasaxelebul mizezebs ki ar unda CavufiqrdeT, aramed Zireul mizezebs unda CavuRrmavdeT. es allahis kmayofilebasTan aris dakavSirebuli. vinc amis gakeTebas SeZlebs Rmer-Tis neba-survils aRasrulebs da mis siyvaruls moipovebs. zemoT mocemul beiTSi wminda mevlana zustad amas gamoxatavs.

bmesnevi: `Tuki Cvens Tavs datexili ubedurebis

qari Zlier dauberavs da Cveni cxovrebis san-Tels CaqrobiT daemuqreba, swrafad vimoqmedoT da mimqrali sanTliT sxva sanTeli avanToT.

im ori sanTlisgan Tuki erT-erTs qari Caaqrobs, meoreTi mainc ganvagrZoT cxovrebis gza.~ (t. 6,

3108-3109)

wminda mevlana zemoT mocemuli beiTiT gvirCevs uimedobaSi arasdros ar CavcvivdeT. oRond gam-oviCinoT sifxizle maSin, roca mosalodnelia fexi dagvicdes. raki udidesi RmerTi adamianebs ukanasknel amosunTqvamde mitevebas hpirdeba, sak-marisia guliT monanieba.

bmesnevi: `ah, Cvengan gansxvavebuli megobris mier

moyenebuli satanjveli! ah, maT mier Cvens gulSi gaCenili Rrma Wrilobebi! didebulo adamianebo, mouxmeT gonebas da TqvenTvis kargi megobrebi, Sesabamisi amxanagebi moZebneT!~ (t. 6, 2950)

o

WeSmariti megobroba

69n

`gons moege da garegnobam ar mogatyuos, mxolod lamaz suraTs ar sce Tayvani; msgavsi Sinaarsis sityvac ar uTxra! sagans an movlenas erTi da igive sazomiT, erTi kuTxiT nu miudgebi, suraTs garegnuli efeqtiT nu gansazRvrav!~ (t. 6, 2953)

megobroba pozitiuri da negatiuri Tvisebebis gaerTianebiT sazrdoobs. WeSmariti megobroba mx-olod gulwrfel sulebSi hpovebs TavSesafars. am Tvisebas mTeli Tavisi sulqmnilebiT, adamianis yvelaze maRal pirovnul safexurebSi vxvdebiT. raime sakiTxis an movlenis mimarT ori adamiani msgavs grZnobas Tu ganicdis, msgavs damokideb-ulebas Tu amJRavnebs, maT Soris namdvili mego-brobaa. is or guls Soris gabmuli gadamcemi xazia, romliTac siyvaruli da misi yvela gamov-lineba siyvarulis obieqtSi uklebliv gadadis. gulSi arsebuli siyvarulis zRva aRelvebas da misi mzis sxivebi aalebaas iwyebs. aqedan gamomdin-are, adamianebisTvis romelTac saerTo grZnobebi ar aerTianebT, amxanagobisa da megobrobis gancda ucxoa. magaliTad, miuxdavad imisa, rom abu lehebi wminda Suamavlis RviZli biZa iyo, misgan yvelaze Sors mdgomi ubeduri gaxldaT.

b

namdvili siyvaruli danakargsa da sirTuleebs wyalobiT cvlis, siyvarulis dards ki tkbobad da

siamovnebad gardaqmnis. imisaTvis, rom gavigoT ramdenad Zlieria pirovnebis siyvaruli da ganvsazRvroT misi done,

sakmarisia vnaxoT ramden xans SeuZlia mas am gancdiT gamowveuli tkivilis atana.

i

WeSmariti megobroba

WeSmariti megobroba

siyvaruli or guls Soris gabmuli gadamcemi xazia. am grZnobiT Sepyrobili Tavisi siyvaru-lis obieqtis xatebas guliT atarebs. mTel Tavis SesaZleblobebs gulwrfelad sTavazobs mas da msgavsi Tavganwirulobis miuxedavad uSfoTve-lad da udrtvinvelad cxovrobs.

sayovelTao azris mixedviT megobroba adami-anebs Soris pozitiuri da negatiuri Tvisebeb-is erTobas efuZneba. namdvili megobroba didi pirovnebebis wminda sulebSi hpovebs TavSesafars. megobrobis mwvervalze ayvana ki ori adamianis mier erTi movlenisadmi saerTo grZnobiT ganm-sWvalviT, or sxeulSi erTi gulis CasaxlebiTaa SesaZlebeli.

adamians aRafrTovanebs is faqti, roca Tavis guls sayvarel arsebas uZRvnis. siyvarulisTvis damaxasiaTebeli zemoqmedebis unaris meSveobiT masSi sayvarlis yvela mdgomareoba uklebliv gadadis. am dros, gulSi arsebuli siyvarulis zRva aRelvebas da siyvarulis mzis sxivebi aale-bas iwyebs. Sedegad obieqti sakuTar survilebs da moTxovnilebebs uaryofs da sayvarlis miba-Zvas iwyebs. aqedan gamomdinare, morwmunem unda icodes, rom yvela sakiTxSi siyvarulis eleqsiri unda gamoiyenos.

raki namdvil siyvaruls sirTuleebis wyalo-biT anazRaureba axasiaTebs, is Seyvarebulis

73n

o


74

n

dardsac wyalobis msgavsad sasiamovnos xdis. im-isaTvis, rom davrwmundeT ramdenad amaRlebulia adamianis siyvaruli da ganvsazRvroT misi done, sakmarisia gamovcadoT is, ramden xans SeZlebs mijnurobiT miyenebuli tkivilis atanas.

wminda mevlana im azrs, rom namdvili siyvar-uli da megobroba megobrisgan wamosul tanjva-wamebasac ki siamovnebiT iRebs, RmerTis neba-sur-vilze damorCilebiTa da mindobiT, Semdegnairad gadmogvcems:

`erT batons stumrad misulma axlo megobreb-ma saCuqrad nesvi miutanes. man Tavis sayvarel, gulis mesaidumle, Rrma grZnobebiT ganmsWvalul, erTgul msaxurs, loymans dauZaxa.

loymani rogorc ki movida, batonma nesvs erTi naWeri CamoaWra da mas SesTavaza. loymanma is naWeri TafliviT, SaqariviT SeWama. iseTi siam-ovnebiT miirTva, rom mis SemxedvareT mada aR-eZraT da SeSurdaT kidec. batonma erTi naWeri kidev SesTavaza. radgan is loymanis am qmedebis cqeriT simSvides ganicdida. sabolood nesvisgan erTi naWeri darCa. maSin batonma Tqva:

`amas me SevWam da gavigeb ramdenad tkbili nes-vi iyo!~

batonma is naWeri SeWama Tu ara, nesvis simwar-isgan pirSi cecxli moedo. enaze gamoayara, yeli Caewva. nesvis simwarisgan goneba dakarga. Semdeg loymans uTxra:

o

WeSmariti megobroba

75n

`Cemo Zvirfaso msaxuro! Cemo samyarov! aseTi sawamlavi tkbilad rogor miiRe? aseTi dardi wyalobad rogor CaTvale? es ra moTminebaa? vin icis aqamde ramdeni simware mogiTmenia msgavsi simSvidiT! Tu Sen tkbili sicocxlis mteri xar? ratom araferi Tqvi? ratom ar Tqvi: `mapatieT, axla ver SevWam!~

loymanma uTxra:

`me Tqveni, e.i. Cemi batonis xeliT imdeni tkbi-li da (materialurad da sulierad) ucxo, gamor-Ceuli sakvebi mimiRia, magram amisTvis sanacvlod araferi gadamixdia da sircxvilis gamo orad movkecilvar, Tqvengan SemoTavazebulze rogor SemeZlo meTqva: `es mwarea, ver SevWam meTqi?!~ radgan Tqvens mier mowodebuli, Tundac mware, me tkbili meCveneba, radgan Cemi sxeulis yvela ujredi, Tqveni sikeTeebiTaa gamokvebili.~

loymanma Tavisi mRelvarebiTa da siyvaruliT aRsavse sityvebi ase gaagrZela:

`Cemo batono! Tqvengan wvneuli simwaris an usamarTlobis gamo Tuki gisayvedurebT miwa gamiskdes. mowyale xelis mier mowodebuli nes-vi simwares rogor datovebs? siyvarulisgan xom cxare tkbili xdeba da misi wyalobiT spilenZi oqrod gardaisaxeba. siyvaruliT naleqi iwmin-deba; gauqarvebeli dardebi ikurneba, mkvdrebi cocxldebian da xelmwifeebi nacrad iqcevian. si-yvarulisgan sapyrobile vardis baRad gadaiqce-

o


76

n

va, Cabnelebuli saxlebi ganaTdeba, SuqiT aivseba; nebismieri saxis cecxli mxolod sxivad, usaxuri ki feriad gardaisaxeba. siyvarulisgan dardi da mwuxareba sixarulad iqceva, gzas acdenili da gzis gadamkveTi ki gzis maCveneblad da bedniere-bis gidad. siyvarulis wyalobiT avadmyofoba janmrTelobad, dardi ki wyalobad gardaiqmneba.~

bsiyvaruli Semoqmedis mier CvenTvis wyalobad

gardmovlenili grZnobisken gadaxraa. amitom, gulSi arsebuli siyvarulis done im simaRlisa unda iyos, rasac Cveni grZnobis obieqti imsax-urebs. aqedan gamomdinare, gulSi arsebuli si-yvarulis niWis ukanaskneli adresati allahia. magram imisaTvis, rom adamianurma gulma SeZlos allahisTvis damaxasiaTebeli uzenaesi siyvaru-lis tvirTva, saWiroa manamde saxieri, ubralo, adamianuri siyvaruliT gamoiwrTos da RmerTis siyvarulTan nabij-nabij mivides.

adamiani, romelic siyvarulis mTavar adresats da masTan Sexvedris mosalodnel bednierebas daiviwyebs; romelic im safexurebisagan, rog-orebicaa: qoneba, adgil-mamuli, simdidre, ojaxi, Svilebi da sxva _ erT-erTze SeCerdeba, Tavis Si-nagan samyaros, grZnobas zians miayenebs. amitomac, saWiroa arasdros dagvaviwydes, rom es yvelaferi warmavali, droebiTia. aucilebelia, isini Rmer-Tis siyvarulis mosapovebel saSualebad gamovi-

o

WeSmariti megobroba

77n

yenoT. am safexurTa Tanmimdevruli ganvliT Cven SegviZlia gamovimuSaoT allahis siyvarulis sa-tareblad samuSaos niWi. warmavali siyvarulis RvTaebriv siyvarulad moqceva rwmenisgan siam-ovnebis miRebis saSualebaa. yvela, vinc SeZlebs adamianuri mRelvarebis gadalaxvas, srulyofil rwmenasTan ziarebas, dausrulebeli survilebisa da siamovnebebisaTvis xazis gadasmas, advilad mixvdeba, rom adamianis Seqmnis mTavari mizani misi siyvarulis RmerTisken mimarTvaa.

warmavali arsebobis vnebisa da survilebisgan gaTavisuflebuli adamiani RmerTs emorCileba da ukvdaviyofa. amitom, mas Semdeg, rac misi sxeuli miwas SeuerTdeba, is mainc gaagrZelebs sicocx-les. amis yvelaze TvalsaCino magaliTi mejnunia, romelmac leilas mimarT nagrZnobi siyvaru-lis meSveobiT RmerTis siyvaruli moipova. misi leilasadmi siyvaruli rom dasrulebuliyo, is erT-erTi iqneboTa aTasobiT warmavali siyvaru-lis matarebelTa Soris. Sedegad, mis saxelsac aRar gaixsenebdnen saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi, is warsulSi daimarxeboda.

is, Tu ramdenad marTali da WeSmaritia grZnoba, mxolod misi bwkarebSi amokiTxviT ki ara, gulSi arsebuli siyvaruliT, saqmiT icnoba. guli war-maval siyvarulis cdunebisagan Tu daixsnis Tavs da mis safexurebs gadalaxavs, is RmerTis siy-varuliT aivseba da ai, maSin yvela saidumlo, WeS-mariteba da silamaze mis gulSi airekleba. am ga-

o


78

n

dasaxedidan, adamianis maradiul bednierebasTan mimyvani WeSmariti megobroba `RmerTTan gabmuli megobrobaa~.

qvemoT mocemul novelaSi gadmocemuli ba-tonisa da ymis saubari, RmerTTan megobrobis WeS-marit silamazes warmosaxavs:

`erTma kacma mona iyida. mona morwmune, RvTis-moSiSi adamiani aRmoCnda. maT Soris Semdegi xa-siaTis dialogi gaimarTa:

batoni:

`ris Wamas isurvebdi Cems saxlSi?~

`rasac momcem, imisas.~

`rogori tansacmlis Cacmas isurvebdi?~

`rogor tansacmelsac SemomTavazebT, imas Cav-icvam.~

`Cemi saxlis romel oTaxSi isurvebdi gaCere-bas?~

`romel oTaxSic ginda rom gavCerde, im oTax-Si.~

`ra saqmis gakeTebas isurvebdi Cems saxlSi?~

`ra saqmec Tqven gsurT rom gavkeTo, im saqmis.~

am bolo pasuxis Semdeg batoni erTxans Cafiqr-da, Tvalebidan Camodenili cremli moiwminda da Tqva:

o

WeSmariti megobroba

79n

`neta, mec SemZleboda RvTis mimarT aseTi mego-bari vyofiliyavi, maSin ra bednieri viqnebodi!~

am dros monam ikiTxa:

`Cemo batono! nuTu Tavisi batonis gverdiT mo-nas sakuTar neba-survilis warmoCenis an arCe-vanis gakeTebis saSualeba aqvs?~

`Sen gaTavisufleb. dae, iyos allahis wyaloba! Tumca isic minda, rom Cems gverdiT darCe, raTa mTeli Cemi arsebiTa da qonebiT mogemsaxuro.~

vinc allahs Sesabamisad icnobs da mis mimarT wrfeli gancdebi amoZravebs, masSi sakuTari arc neba-survili darCeba da arc arCevani. is mxolod ase ityvis:

`iq, sadac allahis neba-survili arsebobs, me raRa unda msurdes?!~

bRmerTis moyvarulma morwmunem unda Seimecnos,

rom sinamdvileSi is arafris mflobeli ar aris. vinaidan, aucilebelia, sayvarels yvelaferi gad-asce. siyvaruli Tavganwirvas moiTxovs da amitom mflobelobas ar Seesabameba. siyvaruli gulSi bunebrivad warmoSobs materialur da sulier pa-tiviscemas da simpaTias; rac misive siZlieris Se-sabamisad ganxorcildeba. amitomacaa, rom adami-anebi yvelaze did xarks siyvarulis sanacvlod ixdian. am xarkis saxec CvenSi arsebuli grZnobis

o


80

n

siwmindeze da WeSmaritebazea damokidebuli da Tavganwirva SeiZleba im donemde mivides, rom say-varlis sasargeblod mijnurma sicocxlezec ki Tqvas uari. am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT udidesi RmerTi aiaTSi brZanebs:

`ver miswvdebiT sikeTes srulad, vidremdis ar imwyalobebT imaTTagan, rac giyvarT!~ (sura ali im-

rani, aiaTi 92)

am gadasaxedidan RvTis moyvaruli da WeSmar-iti siyvarulis erTguli adamiani `Tavis suls, yovelgvar SesaZleblobebs da Sedegs~ mas Caab-arebs, radgan allahisa da Suamavlis megobroba da siyvaruli aris is done, romelsac yvela mor-wmunem SeiZleba miaRwios.

namdvili megobrobisa da siyvarulis pirobaa,ö rom sayvarlis gverdiT Seyvarebuls araviTari neba-survili ar gaaCndes. wminda ibrahimis magal-iTi, RmerTTan megobrobis, araCveulebrivi magali-Tia:

rodesac nemrudma is cecxlSi Caagdo, wmin-da ibrahimma mis saSvelad mosul angelozebs uTxra:

`vin aris cecxlis amgznebi? man Cemi yvela mdgomareoba icis. me Tqven arafers gTxov: _ (me-gobrebs Soris nu CadgebiT).~

amgvarad, RmerTisadmi ndobis wyalobiT, mTasaviT cecxli vardis baRad gadaiqca.

o

WeSmariti megobroba

81n

wminda ibrahimi RmerTs agreTve Seevedra, rom misi modgmisgan Suamavali dabadebuliyo. udidesma RmerTmac moxucebulobaSi mas Svili uwyaloba. ibrahims pirmSo Zalian uyvarda. misma siyvarulma mamis gulSi taxti daidga. uzenaesma ibrahimis megobrobisa da rwmenis gamocdis miz-niT misi erTaderTi vaJis msxverplad Sewirva moiTxova. Svilisadmi usazRvro siyvarulis gamo, mamam nanax sizmarSi eWvi Seitana. magram sizmari samjer rom ganmeorda, darwmunda. e.i. ibrahims gadawyvetilebis miRebamde eSmaki acdunebda da mis mrude gzaze dayenebas cdilobda.

magram WeSmaritma rwmenam gaimarjva da ibra-himma mxolodSobili Ze RmerTis siyvaruliT msx-verplad Sesawirad waiyvana. uzenaesma misi es gadawyvetileba Rirseulad Seafasa da ibrahims yoCi mouvlina, raTa swored is mieZRvna gamCenisT-vis. man brZana:

`...ibrahim, Sens sizmars uerTgule. Cven sikeTis mqmnelT ase vajildovebT. es marTlacda Zalian mZime gamocda iyo.

Cven, Svilis sanacvlod, mas didi yurbani vuboZeT da momaval TaobaSi kargi saxeli davu-toveT. ibrahims salami vuTxariT.~ (es-saffaT, aiaTe-

bi 104-105)

amgvarad wminda ibrahamis mier RmerTisadmi gamomJRavnebuli udidesi megobrobis magaliTi mTel kacobriobas waredgina.

o


82

n

is, vinc uzenaesis megobaria, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom nebismieri Seqmnilis megobaria. isini uzen-aesis qmnilebebs RvTaebrivi gadasaxedidan ucqe-rian. megobrobis mwvervalze myofi wminda Sua-mavali maSin, roca taifSi mas qvebs esrodnen, namdvil megobars (RmerTs), im mxaris xalxisTvis Sendobas sTxovda.

RmerTis megobarTagan mZime gamocdis winaSe aR-moCenili hallaji mansuriı wnexis qveS imdenad moeqca, eqstazs veRar gaumklavda da akrZaluli saidumloebebi gaTqva. raki xalxma misi sulieri mdgomareobis Sesaxeb araferi icoda, mas qvebis srola dauwyo. am dros, is maTdami risxvas ki ar gamoxatavda, aramed RmerTs maTi mitevebisken mouwodebda:

`RmerTo! Cemze adre Cems Camqolavebs miuteve, radgan maT ar ician Cemi gancdili. isini mxolod religiur gulmodginebas amJRavnebdnen roca Tavs mesxmodnen~!

es faqti gvaCvenebs adamianebTan rogori mite-vebisa da lmobierebis unaris gamoCenaa saWiro. amavdroulad, is aris RvTisgan qmnilTaTvis Rv-Taebrivi gadasaxedidan Sexedvis TvalsaCino magaliTi.

badamiani SorsmWvreteli gaxdeba vnebisa da dab-

rkolebebis gadalaxviT, gatacebebisa da tanjvis

o

WeSmariti megobroba

83n

mimarT moTminebis gamoCeniTa da momvlenelis wi-naSe kmayofilebis gmoxatviT. eseni sulieri aR-masvlis gzaze momxdari zegavlenis anareklebia. amitomac, didi jildoTi da megobrobis niWiT, didi winaaRmdegobebis moTminebiTa da simtkiciT amtanebi jildovdebian xolme.

am safexurze myofi morwmuneebis gadasaxedi-dan, amqveynad dardsa da sixaruls erTi fasi aqvs, radgan mas Semdeg rac maTi guli wuTisofels moswyda, sixaruli da dardi Tanaswori gaxda. maT ician, rom sikeTe da borotebac RmerTisgan modis da amas jerdebian.

ra lamazad gamoxatavs qvemoT mocemuli bwkar-ebi am WeSmaritebas:

msiamovnebs Sengan yvela:vardis kvirti, ekalis kbena,sudaraSi gamowyoba,wuxili da maRla rbena.

erTi SexedviT, iolad wasakiTxi am bwkarebis cx-ovrebaSi ganxorcieleba, msgavsi fiqrisa da sur-vilis realuri xorcSesxma rTulia da mxolod RmerTis kmayofilebis mopovebis saSualebiTaa SesaZlebeli. saWiroa, amao sifrTxilis gamov-lenis mizniT, movlenebze daswrebasa da qmede-bebSi indeferentulobas moveridoT. vinaidan, im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki udidesi RmerTi gamogvcdis, ramdenad gulwrfelia Cveni naTqvami, saSiSia, rom bevri adamiani am gzis gavlas ubralod ver SeZ-lebs.

o


84

n

b mokled gulis netarebisa da Sinagani Tavisu-

flebis mopoveba, allahisgan boZebulis mimarT

kmayofilebis gamomJRavnebiTaa SesaZlebeli. amis

sawinaaRmdego arc erTi moqmedeba sargebels ar

moitans. wminda mevlana brZanebs:

`manam, sanam allahis boZebuliT ar dakmay-

ofildebi, simSvidisa da xsnis mizniT sadac ar

unda gaiqce, iq ubedureba dagxvdeba; ubedureba

mova da kvlav Sen amogiRebs mizanSi.~

`unda icode, rom am warmaval qveyanas arc erTi

kuTxe ar gaaCnia, CvenTvis dagebuli xafangis ga-

reSe. amitom, sakuTar TavSi RmerTis aRmoCenisa da

masze TavSefarebis garda, sxva xsna da simSvidis

mopovebis gza ar arsebobs. Sexede, am warmavali

samyaros yvelaze sando adgilebSi mcxovrebni

da isini, vinc yvelaze Zlierebad iTvlebian, sabo-

lood sikvdilis klanWebSi aRmoCndebian.~

`Sen warmavali xafangebisgan saimedo TavSesa-

fars ki nu eZieb, mxolod alahs miende! mxolod

mas SeuZlia gangkurnos _ sawamlavis mowodebiT

da piriqiT, wyali sawamlavad giqcios!~

RmerTo! Cven, Seni ususuri mona-msaxurebi, al-

lahis megobrebisTvis niSandoblivi gulis kli-

matiT dagvajildove da misiT gvasargeble.

o

WeSmariti megobroba

85n

`...maTTvis SiSi ar arsebobs da arc mwuxrde-

bian...~ (sura iunusi, aiaTi 62)

gvargune am aiaTis sibrZnisgan wilis miRebis

bedniereba!

amin!

b

mesnevis mixedviT

maradiuli siyvaruli da

yofierebis Suqi mesnevi: `modi gulo! namdvili dResaswauli

wminda muhammedTan Sexvedraa, radgan es qveyana swored misi uwmindesi da ulamazesi Suqisganaa ganaTebuli.~ (t. 6, 161)

maradisobaSi TavisTavad arsebulma RmerTma isurva, rom adamianebsa da jinebs, TavianTi Semec-nebis Sesabamisad, SeecnoT is da amis Sedegad mis-Tvis RvTismsaxureba SeesrulebinaT, amitomac Se-qmna man samyaro. pirvelad uzenaesma `muhammedis Suqi~ Seqmna. am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT allahis Suamavali brZanebs:

`roca adami sulsa da sxeuls Soris imyofe-boda, me Suamavali viyavi.~ (Tirmizi, menaqibi, 1)

o

maradiuli siyvruli da wminda Suamavali

87n

ase, rom Suamavlis namdvili saganZuri misi Suqi e.i. uzenaesis mier pirvelad qmnili naTeli iyo, xolo xorcSesxmul Suamavlad is ukanaskneli Suamavlis Jams mogvevlina. Suamavlobis kalen-dris aTvla swored `muhammedis Suqis~ SeqmniT daiwyo, xolo misi bolo furcelic e.w. `sxeuli muhammediT~ sruldeba.

muhammedis Suqi `muhammedis WeSmaritebis~ arsi da safuZvelia. iseve rogorc Zvirfasi qva misi Rirebulebis niSnad Zvirfassa da daxvewil fut-liarSi inaxeba, aseve pativiscemiTaa gamsWvaluli `muhammedis Suqis~ winaSe yvela arseba. isini xom misi Zlierebis warmosaCenad Seiqmnen. amis mixed-viT e.w. Sesaqmes pirveli mizezi udidesi RmerTis arseboba, meore mizezi ki _`muhammedis Suqia.~ erT hadisSi nabrZanebia:

`adamma, samoTxidan gamodevnis mizezad qceuli Secdoma rom dauSva, danaSauls mixvda da Tqva:

`RmerTo! muhammedis xaTriT, gTxov, mapatio.~

udidesma allahma brZana:

`adam! miuxedavad imisa, rom is jer ar Semiqmnia, saidan ici muhammedis Sesaxeb?~

adamma miugo:

`RmerTo! mas Semdeg rac me Semqmeni da suli STambere, Tavi rom aviRe Seni samyoflis sve-tze warwera SevniSne: `la ilahe illallah, mu-hammedun rasulullah~ (ar arsebobs RmerTi gar-

o


88

n

da allahisa da muhammedi misi Suamavalia). amis Semdeg mivxvdi, rom Sen saxels mxolod SenTvis usayvarlesi qmnilebis gverdiT Tu dawerdi!

amaze allahma brZana:

`marTals ambob adam! is CemTvis yvela arsebaze ufro sayvarelia. Tuki misi xaTrisTvis mevedrebi patiebas _ gpatiob! icode, muhammedi rom ar yo-filiyo arc Sen Segqmnidi!~ (haqimi, musTedreqi, II, 672,

beihaqi, V, 488-489)

siyvaruli adamianis gulis WeSmariti arsebo-bis pirveli niSania. amgvari arsebobisa da gan-wyobis mopovebis upirvelesi saSualeba udidesi allahisa da misi sayvareli Suamavlis siyvar-ulia.

bmesnevi: ̀ Svilo! icode rom mTeli samyaro cod-

niT da silamaziT savse WurWelia. magaram isic icode, rom es allahis tigrosSi is erTi wveTia, romlis gamomJRavnebis SesaZleblobac ar arse-bobs. is damaluli xazina iyo da imis gamo, rom Zalian savse iyo _ gaipo, sakuTari Tavi gamoavli-na. Sedegad, miwa caze ufro mbrwyinavi gaxda; is daemsgavsa atlasCacmul sulTans.~ (t. 1, 2860-2863)

allahi droisa da adgilis gagebas ar eqvem-debareba. is droisa da adgilis ugulebelyofiT, mxolod TavisTvis cnobili saxiT, arsebobs sam-yaroSi. udidesi RmerTis amgvari yofiereba uci-

o


89n

lobeli, gardauvali, sxva qmnilebebis arseboba ki _ SefardebiTi da pirobiTia.

maradisobaSi TavisTavad arsebulma da Tavisi arsebobiT damoukidebelma RmerTma, imisaTvis rom adamianebsa da jinebs maTi Semecnebis Sesabamisad gulis karebi gauRoT da misTvis RvTismsaxureba SeesrulebinaT, sindisis aucileblobidan gamom-dinare, `simravlis samyarod~ wodebuli, es qveya-na Seqmna. erT wminda hadisSi nabrZanebia:

`me dafarul xazinaSi viyavi...~ (ismail haqqi bur-

sevi, qenzi mahfi)

es hadisi cdilobs Segvamecnebinos im samyaros arsebobis mizezi, sadac vcxovrobT.

bmesnevi: `ramdenad sacodavia adamiani, romlis

Sinagani samyaroc RmerTis siyvaruliT ar aris gamTbari, SesaZloa amis gamo is cxovelze ufro dablac ki idges. radgan `ashabi qehfis~ ZaRlmac ki siyvarulze dafuZnebuli sazogadoeba moZebna, sulieri sixaruli moipova da im sufTa adami-anebTan erTad samoTxe daimkvidra.~ (t. 2, 1425; 1428)

`ashabi qehfi~ morwmune da monoTeisti axalgaz-rdebisgan Semdgari jgufi iyo, romelTa Sesaxeb yuranSia naambobi. am axalgazrdebma gadawyvites ecxovraT rwmenis mixedviT da daSorebodnen im sazogadoebas, romelic urwmunoebaSi, uzneobasa da usamarTlobaSi cxovrobda. maT TavianTi rw-

o


90

n

menis Sesaxeb sajarod ganacxades, magram imis gamo, rom maT sicocxles safrTxe daemuqra, usa-frTxoebis mizniT Tavi qalaqgareT mdebare gamo-qvabuls Seafares. gzaSi maT ZaRli SeuerTda, saxelad kitmiri. is maT gamoqvabulSi yofnisas darajobda. erTxel, am morwmune axlgazrdebs im mxaris mmarTveli dakianusi da jariskacebi dae-devnen, maT gamoqvabulamde sdies, Semdeg ki maTi daxocvis mizniT gamoqvabulis Sesasvleli amo-qoles. erTi SexedviT, gamouvali situaciidan, isini allahma ixsna. maT sasufeveli daimkvidres, radgan sikvdilze amaRldnen. isini sikvdilma miatova da allahis wyalobiT, am axalgazrdebs samasi wlis ganmavlobaSi eZinaT, mxolod Semdg gamoiRviZes.

wminda mevlana, yuranSi, am axalgazrdebis Sesax-eb saubrisas, kitmiris mdgomareobas aqcevs yura-dRebas. is gvamcnobs, rom namdvili rwmeniTa da siyvaruliT gajerebul adamianebTan erTad yof-nam ZaRlsac ki SeaZlebina samoTxis mopoveba da masac arguna arnaxuli bedniereba. mis adgilze sxva adamiani rom yofiliyo, isic udides sikeTes eziareboda. es miuTiTebs Tu raoden nayofieria sando da RvTismosav adamianebTan erTad yof-na. amitom, maTTan urTierTobisken mogviwodebs. udidesi RmerTi ki yuranSi brZanebs:

`..iyaviT sandoebTan erTad.~ (sura Tevbe, aiaTi 119)

wminda Suamavalic gvamcnobs, miuxedavad imisa,

o


91n

rom samoTxeSi cxovelebi ar arian; kitmirma da kidev ramdenime cxovelma gansxvavebulobis gamo, iq Sesvlis ufleba moipoves.

bmesnevi: `siyvaruli amRvreul wyals gamWvir-

vales xdis. namdvili siyvaruli mkvdar gulebs acocxlebs da xelmwifeebsac ki monebad aqcevs!..~ (t. 2, 1530-1531)

mevlanas mier siyvarulze rom is Tqmuli: `am-Rvreul wyals gamWvirvales xdis~ miuTiTebs im-aze, rom siyvaruls adamianis cxovrebaSi nayofi-ereba moaqvs.

rogorc ki namdvili siyvaruli gamomJRavndeba wvaleba _ wyalobiT Seicvleba; siZnelis gadal-axva _ gaioldeba. adamiani siyvarulis gzaze Tan-mxvedri dabrkolebebis daZleviT Zalas, Rirse-basa da gamWriaxobas iZens. moazrovne individi cxovrebis manZilze Sexvedril siZneleebs siy-varulis wyalobiT anadgurebs da minimumamde dah-yavs. Suamavlis Tanamimdevrebi, islamTan dadebi-Ti damokidebulebisa da RmerTisa da allahis Suamavlis siyvarulis gamo, am umaRlesi rwmenis saqadageblad CineTSi, sameryandsa da stambolSi midiodnen. ar eridebodnen ra rTul da mtanjvel mgzavrobas, isini amiT arc iRlebodnen, radgan maT mkerdSi arsebuli Suamavlobis misiis kvali da rwmenis siyvaruli am saSineli mgzavrobis

o


92

n

tanjva-wamebasac siamovnebad gardasaxavda xol-me. ferhaTas xom mTebis gaxvreta momajadoebeli, warmavali siyvarulis wyalobiT gauadvilda da is am rTul saqmes siamovnebiT akeTebda.

siyvaruli imdenad Zlieri da amaRlebulia, ramdenadac sayvareli arseba. am gadasaxedidan yvelaze amaRlebuli da nayofieri, adamianis mier RmerTis siyvarulia, radgan araferi arsebobs, romelic masze did siyvaruls imsaxurebdes, vinaidan siyvarulis Semoqmedi swored is aris. aiaTSi allahis mimarT siyvaruliT ganwyobil adamianebze nabrZanebia:

`...allahisadmi morwmuneebis siyvaruli ki yve-laferze ufro win mdgomi da Zlieria...~ (sura

bayara, aiaTi 165)

adamianebi yvelaze maRal safasurs siyvarulis gamo ixdian. ferhaTs Sirinis gamo mTebis gaxvre-ta, mejnuns ki leilas gamo udabnoSi cxovreba eadvileboda. Tuki `droebiTi, miwieri siyvaruli~ iseTi Zlieria, rom sayvarlisTvis Tavganwirvas arad dagidevs, maSin `RvTiuri siyarulisTvis~ aTasjerac rom gaswiro Tavi-mcirea. Seyvarebuli Tavisi grZnobis sagnisaTvis am grZnobis Zalis Sesabamis msxverpls gaiRebs da zogjer mTlianad sakuTar meze ambobs uars. amitomac Suamavlis Tanamimdevrebi sicocxlesa da qonebas allahisa da Suamavlis gzaze msxverplad swiravdnen da amas wyalobad miiCnevdnen. isini wminda Suamav-

o


93n

lis sul mcire survilzec ki pasuxobdnen:

`Cemi ded-mama, qoneba, sicocxle Seni Wiris san-acvlod iyos, allahis Suamavalo!~

sulTan mehmedis jariskacebi sastik brZolaSi qvemoT mocemuli hadisiT aRgznebulebi Sediod-nen;

`ra Tqma unda, stamboli ganTavisufldeba. misi ganmaTavisuflebeli meTauri ra kargi meTauri, misi ganmaTavisuflebeli jariskaci ra kargi jariskacia!..~ (ahmed ibn hanbeli, IV, 335; haqimi, IV, 468/8300)

roca isini romaelTa cecxlSi moeqceodnen, cdilobdnen bizantiur cixe-simagreze acocebu-liyvnen da aRgznebulebi ambobdnen:

`dRes Cveni jeria, raTa Sehidad daveceT.~

zemoT moyvanili adamianuri siyvarulisTvis Tavganwirvis magaliTebs Tu gavixsenebT, SeiZleba warmovidginoT adamianSi arsebuli allahisa da Suamavlis siyvarulma (e.i. umaRlesma siyvarulma), ra zRvars SeiZleba miaRwios. amgvar mdgomareo-bamde amaRleba, sakuTari warmavlobis aRiareba, namdvil mona-msaxurobasTan miRweva da allahis winaSe sakuTari Tavis araraobis Semecnebaa.

sulierebis atmosferoSi RvTiuri wyaroTi nasazrdoebi siyvaruli, samoTxis baRebSi moy-vavile aTasgvari surnelebis mfrqvevel yvavi-lebs hgavs. drodadro mis foTlebs rom SevexoT da es yvavilebi romc gaxundnen, isini mainc iseT

o


94

n

mxiarulebas SeinarCuneben da surnelebas moaf-rqveven irgvliv, rogorc gazafxulze.

magram Sesabamis siyvaruls Tuki ver eziare, maSin Seni arseboba warmavali cxovrebis sam-wuxaro gaflangvaa. siyvaruli, romelic mda-bal interesebs emsaxureba, trotuaris gaswvriv gaSlil yvavilebs hgavs, maT fexiT gadaTelva da ganadgureba emuqreba. raoden ubeduria quCaSi davardnili brilianti; ra samarcxvinoa uRirsi guliT gataceba!

bmesnevi: `sxeulis dauwvelad RvTiuri siyvaru-

lis saimovnebis SegrZneba SeuZlebelia.~ (t. 1, 22)

zemoT mocemuli beiTidan gamomdinare, Tuki Semoqmedisken siyvaruliT miemarTebi da am si-yvarulis xarisxs aamaRleb warmavali arseba da yvelaferi, rac masTanaa dakavSirebuli mniS-vnelobas dakargavs. `me~ RmerTis arsebaSi Cai-kargeba.

manam, sanam guli ar gaTavisufldeba xorcieli (materialuri) sikeTeebisa da maTi siyvarulis-gan, amqveynad RvTiur siyvaruls ver moipovebs, misi wyalobebis madls ver SeigrZnobs. e.i. Rmer-Tis siyvaruli srulyofilad ver ganxorciel-deba manam, sanam guli amqveyniuri siyvarulisgan ar ganiwmindeba.

wminda mevlana brZanebs:

o


95n

`ar daemsgavso wveTs, romelsac qarisa da mi-wis eSinia! radgan isini wveTs anadgurebs. qari mas aSrobs, miwa ki Seiwovs! magram Tuki wveTi zRvaSi moxvdeba, mzis mcxunvarebisganac ixsnis Tavs, qarisganac da miwisganac... is mTeli arsebiT zRvaSi Caikargeba, magram misi raoba da WeSmarite-ba mudmivad darCeba rogorc zRvis Semadgeneli nawili!

rogorc ki warmavali arseba sakuTar Tavs maradiul arsebas miabarebs, isic maradiuli da ukvdavi gaxdeba! am samyaroSi wveTis msgavso ada-miano!.. gons moege da imisaTvis, rom namdvil bed-nierebas eziaro, Seni arseba RmerTs daunaneblad miabare! miabare da erTi wveTis nacvlad zRvad iqeci, ukideganod gardaisaxe! gons moege; Seni ar-seba umaRles mizans Seswire, zRvis muWSi moeqec da vnebis derefnebSi ganadgurebisgan Tavi ix-seni!~

bmesnevi: `siyvaruli, megobroba da msgavsi

grZnobebi erTgulebasTan aris dakavSirebuli da mudmivad erTgul adamianebSi eZeben TavSesafars. isini verag guls ar miuaxlovdebian.~ (t. 5, 1165)

erTgulebas adamianSi misi gawonasworebuloba da grZnobis stabiluroba iwvevs. iseTi siyvaru-liT, maisis RraWas msgavsad rom qreba da inTeba, versad mixval. mtkice nebis adamiani raki RvTiur

o


96

n

siyvaruls erTxel igemebs, im gzidan aRar gad-auxvevs da manam ivlis sworxazovnad sanam misi warmavali arseba isuldgmulebs. arastabilur adamianSi ki Semoqmedis siyvaruli didxans ver iarsebebs. amgvari adamianebi ver Seimecneben Tu ra sikeTes floben. srulyofili Semecnebis un-ari rom hqondeT misi saSualebiT miRebuli siam-ovneba ukanasknel amosunTqvamde gahyvebaT.

es imas niSnavs, rom siyvaruli adamianis gulSi stabilur niadagsa da mis Sedegs _ erTgulebas Tu ver ipovis, iq Tavs ver Seafarebs. RvTaebrivi da amaRlebuli siyvaruli cariel gulSi adg-ils ver daimkvidrebs.

erTguleba da Tavganwirva gulis donis maCve-nebeli yvelaze sando da Seucdomeli kompasia. Tavganwirvisgan Tavis arideba da uerTguleba uqonloba siyvarulisa da megobrobisaTvis Ra-latia.

bmesnevi: `mdinaris dineba mTavrdeba iq, sadac is

zRvas erwymis da mis erT nawilad iqceva.~ (t. 4,

2619)

`Cven mier SeWmuli puri Cvens arsebaSi aRw-evs da Cvenive sxeulSi ganawildeba. (Seyvarebuli adamianis arsebac, siyvarulis siZlieris Sesabam-isad, sayvarel arsebaSi ikargeba).~ (t. 1, 3166)

`siyvaruli rom ar yofiliyo Cven rogor vi-

o


97n

arsebebdiT? rogoraa is, rom puri Tavis Tavs Sen giZRvnis; mova, Sen sxeuls Seerwymeba da Sens nawilad iqceva!

purma sakuTari Tavi Sen mogca, SenSi gadmoin-acvla! ase ratom moxda? _siyvarulisgan, sur-vilisgan! winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, purs Sens sx-eulSi sicocxlis saSualebas micemdnen?

siyvaruli mkvdar pursac ki sicocxles Cuqnis; warmavali sicocxle Sen gierTdeba, maradiuli xdeba!~ (t. 5, 2012-2014)

siyvaruli, sayvarelsa da mis sagans aerTianebs da erTimeoris arsebaSi kargavs.

grZnobis gazrdasTan erTad imatebs im yvela-fris gagebis survili, rac sayvarel arsebasTanaa dakavSirebuli. magaliTad Tuki adamians vinme Zlier uyvars, ainteresebs is qalaqi sadac is dai-bada, im qalaqis binadarni da im adamianebis mdgo-mareoba, romelTa mdgomareobac sayvareli arse-bis mdgomareobis msgavsia, isini, vinc mis saxels atareben da a.S. amas siyvarulis `siRrmiseuli Segneba~ ewodeba da nabij-nabij xorcieldeba. cnobil pakistanel moazrovnes, muhammed iqbals, mevlana jalaleddin rumi imdenad uyvarda, rom TviTmfrinavi TurqeTis sahaero sivrceSi rogorc ki Sevidoda, mRelvarebisgan Tavisdauneburad fexze dgeboda da ambobda:

`ukve mevlanas samSobloSi SevediT!..~

o


98

n

medinam adamianebis gulSi bina imitom daido, rom iq ukanaskneli Suamavali cxovrobda. wminda Suamavlisa da misi qalaqis _ `medinas~ xsenebi-sas gulebs Tbili sio elamuneba. uhudic imitom iqna asiaTasobiT mTas Soris gamorCeuli, rom is wminda Suamavals gansakuTrebiT uyvarda.

roca siyvaruli ase farTovdeba da yvela ar-sebas moicavs misi saxeli `srulyofili siyvar-ulia~; xolo arseba, romelTanac yvela sxva arse-baa dakavSirebuli, mxolod RmerTia. radgan yvela maTgani Seiqmna allahis SemoqmedebiTi niWisa da unarisgan sul mciredis gaRebiT. es mciredia si-tyva _ ̀ iqmen.~ ase rom namdvili, mwvervals miwvde-nili siyvaruli mxolod misi allahisken mimarT-viT SeiZleba ganxorcieldes. allahTan kavSiriT es siyvaruli yvela arsebaSi Sedis da samyaros aRqmas awyebinebs. aseT dros, gveli Tavzardam-cem arsebad aRar iTvleba. Tumca movlenebisa da arsebebisadmi amgvari sazomiT midgoma da msgav-si siyvaruli, mxolod da mxolod allahisTvis damaxasiaTebeli Tvisebaa.

Cven, allahisTvis damaxasiaTebel araerT Tvise-bas sxvadasxva arsebas, gansakuTrebiT ki adamians mivawerT. magaliTad adamianebze vambobT _ `swav-luli~ an `samarTliani~ magram ver vamtkicebT, rom adamiani allahiviT mcodne da samarTliania. es rom gangvezraxa poliTeizms miviRebdiT, rad-gan roca Cvens unarebs allahis garda sxva ar-sebis dasaxasiaTeblad viyenebT, ar unda dagvavi-wydes, rom allahi aravis da arafers ar hgavs.

o


99n

an kidev, roca viRacaze vambobT _ `mecnieri~ da `samarTliani~, gvsurs imis Tqma, rom am adamians adamianuri SesaZleblobebis farglebSi am Rv-Tiuri Tvisebebisgan wili aqvs aRebuli. siyvar-ulic zustad asea. amitomac namdvili Seyvare-buli udidesi RmerTia.

warmavali adamiani allahis wyalobiTa da si-yvaruliT, garemocul samyaroSi imdenad `Seyva-rebulad~ SeiZleba CaiTvalos, ramdenadac is am wyalobidan wilis miRebisken iqneba orientire-buli. am safexurze myofi adamianis mdgomareobas allahis arsebaSi Cakarguli ewodeba. ese igi man sakuTari me allahSi moaqcia, yovelgvari piradi moTxovnebisgan ganwminda, warmavlobis mwvervals da siamovnebas miaRwia. wveTma, romelmac zRvis sitkboeba igema, misi wyalobisagan wili miiRo da masve SeuerTda.

ra kargad gamoxataven RvTis megobrebi am mdgomareobas:

`sadac ar xar damrCeni,

iqac aris gamCeni.~

bmesnevi: `siyvaruli, vnebisagan iqneba warmoqm-

nili Tu sulierebisgan, sabolood Cveni meore mxares gamyvani gidia.~ (t. 1, 111)

`ukvdavi da maradiuli allahis siyvaruli ar-Cie, rom Sens suls sazrianoba uwyalobos, Sen ki

o


100

n

sicocxle giboZos.~ (t,. 1, 219)

`Sen iseTi saocari arsebis siyvaruli arCie. romlisganac yovelma Suamavalma Zala, pativi da bedniereba moipova.~ (t. 1, 220)

yovelgvari siyvaruli adamians TavganwirvisT-vis amzadebs da egoistobisagan aTavisuflebs, amitomac is pirovnebas amaRlebis gzaze warmate-biT warmarTavs.

qonebas, Svilsa da meuRles allahis mier dadgenili zomierebis farglebSi Tu Seviyva-rebT, es Cven maRal miznebTan dagvaaxlovebs da RmerTTan Sexvedris gzaze dabrkolebebis gada-laxvaSi dagvexmareba. uzenaesis mier nawyalobevi siyvaruli ki vnebis xelSi saTamaSo iaraRad Tu iqca, is kerpad mokvdav adamians dagvisaxavs, rac miuRebelia. wyali, romelic gemis qveS gaedineba, mas mgzavrobaSi exmareba, magram Tuki xomaldSi SeaRwia, misi CaZirvis mizezi gaxdeba.

gulis gamokveba iseTi grZnobiT, romelic al-lahismieri ar aris, Seuferebeli saqcielia. war-mavali siyvaruliT gataceba dasaSvebia mxolod im doziT, Tuki uzenasis siyvarulisken mimaval gzaze is droebiTi sadguris movaleobas asru-lebs. gulSi, allahis garda, nebismieri sxva ar-sebisadmi siyvaruli Tu gaidgams fesvebs, es po-liTeizmi iqneba. aiaTSi nabrZanebia:

`vnebisa da gatacebis gamaRmerTebeli adamiani ginaxavs?~ (sura furqani, aiaTi 43)

o


101n

RvTiuri siyvarulisTvis niadagis mosamzade-blad, imisaTvis rom gulma zeciuri siyvarulis unari SeiZinos didi roli akisria droebiT siy-varuls, magram aseTi siyvaruli didi safrTxis matarebelic aris. miwieri siyvarulisTvis damax-asiaTebeli qonebisa da Svilebis siyvaruli yve-laze mosaridebelia. amitomacaa yuranSi nabr-Zanebi:

`qoneba da Svilebi TqvenTvis cdunebaa..~ (sura enfali, aiaTi 28)

es safrTxe, qonebisa da Svilebisadmi nagrZno-bi mtkice da Zlieri siyvarulis amsaxveli da damaxasiaTebelia. Torem sazRvrebSi moqceuli, gawonasworebuli siyvaruli, romelic droebiTia da RmerTis siyvrulisken mimaval gzaze mxolod sadguris movaleobas asrulebs, nebadarTulia.

bmesnevi: `megobaro, mijnurTa cxovreba sikvdi-

lis Tanabaria. sanam guls ar miscem, guls ver ipovi!~ (t. 1, 1751)

rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, Seyvarebuli mzad aris sayvarlisTvis nebismieri saxis msxverpli gaiRos da es mas mxolod siamovnebas aniWebs. Suamavlis Tanamimdevrebi yvela SesaZleblobas msxverplis gasaReb xelsayrel saSualebad aRiq-vamdnen. isini allahis Suamavlis nebismier sur-vilze ambobdnen:

o


102

n

`Cemi sicocxle, Cemi qoneba Seni Wiris san-acvlo iyos, allahis Suamavalo.~ amgvari Sina-gani mdgomareobis mopoveba RmerTisadmi Zlieri siyvaruliTaa SesaZlebeli. am Taviseburebidan iotisodena wili im peplebs ergoT, romelTac `farvana~ ewodebaT. isini TavianT Tavs sinaTlis siyvaruls anacvaleben da ferflad iqcevian. am faqts muhammed iqbali Semdegnairad gadmoscems:

`erTxel, RamiT Cems biblioTekaSi gavigone Cr-Cili farvanas eubneboda:

`ibn sinas wignebSi davide bina da farabis nawarmoebebi vnaxe. (maTi dausrulebeli, mSrali bwkarebi daviare da bwkarebSi ganlagebul civ bgerebs Soris viseirne, Semdeg isini davRrReni. farabis srulqmnil qalaqad wodebuli medi-nac quCa-quCa ganvvle da prospeqt-prospeqt vix-etiale, magram es cxovrebiseuli filosofia ve-rafriT gavige. quCebis koSmarul mgzavrad viqeci da aRmovaCine, rom ar arsebobs mze,romelic dRes gaanaTebs...

CrCilis am moTqmaze farvanam damwvari frTebi aaxmiana da mas miugo: `Sexede! me am siyvarulis gamo frTebi daviwvi. sicocxlisTvis sicocxlis mimniWebeli mxolod siyvarulia. sicocxlisTvis frTebis gamomsxmelic siyvarulia!..~

farvanam sakuTari damwvari frTebis magali-TiT CrCils Semdegi ram uTxra:

`Sen am filosofiis dausrulebel aRmarTebSi

o


103n

ganadgurebisgan Tavi daicavi! mesnevis siyvaru-lis nayofieri zRvisgan wili miiRe da frTebi gamoisxi!~

siyvaruli TrTolviT iwyeba. cxovrebis okeanis gadalaxva da RmerTTan Sexvedra am siyvaruli-sa da TrTolvis nayofier da baraqian niadagze xorcieldeba.

b

unda vicodeT, rom erTaderTi wyaloba da siyvaruli, romelic allahis

usasrulo zRvasTan migviyvans, wminda muhammed Suamavali da misi siyvarulia.

ase rom wminda Suamavlis siyvaruli allahis siyvaruli, misi morCileba allahis morCileba, mis winaaRmdeg

amboxi ki allahis winaaRmdeg amboxebaa.

i

maradiuli siyvaruli da wminda Suamavali

maradiuli siyvaruli da wminda

Suamavali

erT wminda hadisSi nabrZanebia:

`me saidumlo xazina viyavi da visurve scodno-daT Cems Sesaxeb. vcade sakuTari Tavis Secnoba da (es) samyaro Sevqmeni.~ (ismail haqqi bursevi, qenzi

mahfi)

aqedan gamomdinare, samyaro da yvela arseba RmerTis siyvarulis Sedegad warmoiSva. amitomac is, vinc samyaros gulis TvaliT ucqeris yvela nivTs, yvela arsebas siyvarulis gamovlinebad aRiqvams. is Seimecnebs, rom udidesma allahma yve-la arseba Tavisi srulyofilebis mtkicebulebad Seqmna. RvTiuri xelovnebis saocreba _ adamiani ki siyvarulis srulyofili gamovlinebaa.

wminda mevlana adamianisTvis siyvarulis gan-sakuTrebul mniSvnelobaze mesnevSi Semdegnairad saubrobs:

`icode, raoden sacodavia adamiani, romlis Sina-gani samyaroc RmerTis siyvaruliT ar aris savse. SesaZloa is Tavisi sulieri simwiriT cxovelzec dabla idges. vinaidan `ashabi qehfis~ ZaRlmac ki siyvaruliT gajerebuli sazogadoeba moZebna, ip-ova. iq damkvidrda da sulieri siamovneba miiRo. sabolood ki am arsebam wminda mona-msaxuriviT samoTxe moipova.~

107n

o


108

n

isev RmerTis megobrebma ician, rom qmnilebebis warmoSobis mizezi wminda Suamavalia, udidesma RmerTma didi siyvarulis gamo es samyaro swored mas miuZRvna.

Suamavluri kalendris

pirveli da bolo gverdi

wminda Suamavali imis wyalobiT, rom netari ad-amis Seqmnamde misi Suqi Seiqmna, xolo xorcieli bunebis SeZenis Semdeg ukanasknel Suamavlad iqna movlenili, Suamavluri kalendris sawyis da uka-nasknel gverdad iqca. aqedan gamomdinare, is Se-qmnis TvalsazrisiT _pirveli, drois mixedviT ki bolo Suamavalia.

imis gamo, rom yvela arsebis Seqmnis mizezi mu-hammedis Suqia, udidesma RmerTma wminda Suamavals mimarTa _ `Zvirfaso~! udidesma RmerTma wminda Suamavali Sinagani da garegnuli RirsebebiT daa-jildova da is mTel kacobriobas saCuqrad uwy-aloba.

allahis Suamavlis cxovrebis stili, prin-cipi da misi wminda pirovneba, adamianuri qceve-bis sistemis yvelaze miuRwevel mwvervalebs warmogvidgens. vinaidan udidesma allahma is ka-cobriobisTvis ubadlo magaliTad Seqmna. amis gamoa, rom man arseboba adamianuri ususurobis yvelaze dabali safexuridan _ `oblobidan~ dai-

o


109n

wyo, cxovrebis yvela safexuri gaiara da Zalisa da uflebamosilebis yvelaze maRal wertilamde, ese igi, saxelmwifos meTaurobamde da Suamavlo-bamde amaRlda. ase rom adamianuri cxovrebis ne-bismier safexurze myof nebismier adamians Seu-Zlia misi SesaniSnavi qmedebebi magaliTad aiRos da is Tavisi SesaZleblobebis farglebSi ganax-orcielos.

im momentidan, rac udidesma RmerTma mas Sua-mavloba daakisra, is gankiTxvis dRemde movle-nili yvela adamianisTvis misabaZi nimuSia. aiaTSi nabrZanebia:L

`vficav, rom allahis Suamavali TqvenTvis, e.i. imaTTvis, vinc allahTan da gankiTxvis dResTan Sexvedras imedovneben da uzenaess mravalgzis mouxmoben, lamazi magaliTia.~ (sura ahzabi, aiaTi 21)

imisaTvis, rom ufro Rrma rwmena movipovoT, maR-ali zneoba gamovimuSaod da sakuTari qmedebebi srulyofilad vaqcioT, im wminda arsebis cxovre-ba da moRvaweoba Sesabamisad unda SeviswavloT. yvela adamianma, is rac Seimecna, Tavisi Sesa-Zleblobebis Sesabamisad unda Seasrulos, saqmed gardasaxos. is unda Seecados, SeZlebisdagvarad, mibaZos Suamavals. es ki misdami nagrZnobi siyvar-ulisa da misi sulier samosSi gaxvevis survilis mixedviT unda ganxorcildes. allahis Sumavali Suamavlobamdec monoTeisturi rwmenis cxovre-bis wesiT cxovrobda. roca misTvis Suamavlo-

o


110

n

bis boZebis dro moaxlovda, is allahs Sehpirda, rom namdvili mona-msaxuri iqneboda. Semdeg hiras mTaze didxans ganmartovda da Rrmad Cafiqrda.

am ganmartoebis mizezi iyo xalxSi gamefebu-li ukuRmarTobis, usamrTlobisa da ukiduresi gaWirvebisgan mis gulSi areklili tkivili da mTeli samyaros TavisTavSi momcveli mowyaleba. sinamdvileSi ki es iyo mosamzadebeli periodi, raTa wminda Suamavlis gulis saSualebiT kaco-briobas maradiuli CiraRdani gadascemoda.

aiaTSi nabrZanebia:

`uTxari: is, vinc jebrailis mteria icodes, rom allahis nebarTviT, yurani Sens gulSi WeSmar-itebis gidad, manamde Seqmnili wignebis mamtkice-blad da morwmuneebisTvis samaxaroblod man Cam-oitana.~ (sura bayara, aiaTi 97)

am gamovlinebebiT misi gulis samyaro sruli-ad ganiwminda da im doneze avida, rom zeSTagone-bis miReba SeZlo. zeSTagonebisTvis momzadebul im wminda guls eqvsi Tvis ganmavlobaSi `utyuari sizmrebi~ esizmreboda, rac sulieri miniSnebebi da RvTaebrivi STagoneba iyo. amgvarad, misTvis sulier samyaroSi arsebul saidumloebas farda aexada. swored am dros gamomJRavnda misi faru-li niWi da unari zeSTagonebis tarebisa, romelic rigiTi adamianebisTvis SeuZlebelia.

mokled, wminda Suamavali yvela Suamavlis kom-petenciisa da movaleobebis, Rirsebisa da qceve-

o


111n

bisgan Seikriba, gamTlianda. is srulyofil ada-mianad Camoyalibda. gulis ganwmendis Semdeg mas aswavles uzenaesis winaSe aRsasrulebeli mona-msaxureba da savedreblebi. mas hqonda umaRlesi zneoba, amitomac SesaniSnav magaliTad iqca.

misticizmis gansakuTrebuloba

misticizmi aris, Sinagani samyaros ganwmendi-Ta da allahis cnobis gziT, misi siyvarulisgan wilis miReba, RmerTTan Sesaxvedrad sawyis wer-tilamde misvla. wminda SuamavalSi niadagi ze-STagonebis misaRebad swored gulis ganwmendiT momzadda.

gulisa da sulis gansakuTrebul mdgomare-obasTan miRweul, wminda Suamavals jer kidev ze-STagonebis mosvlamde, hqonda amaRlebuli zneoba. Sesabamisad, RvTiuri miTiTebiT hiras gamoqvabu-lidan rom dabrunda, cxovrebis winandeli stili didi manZiliT hqonda gadalaxuli da umaRles safexurze imyofeboda. amgvarad, udides RmerT-Tan Rrma da Zlieri kavSiri gaiba, monoTeizmisa da RvTis Secnobis Suqma yvela ujredi dafara, mona-msaxurebaSi RvTismoSiSobisa da morCilebis mwvervals miaRwia. ise rom, Ram-RamobiT fexebis dasiebamde Tvalcremliani, mona-maxurebas eweo-da da RvTismsaxurebas asrulebda. Tvalebi romc mielula, guli mudam fxizlad hqonda. allahis moxsenebas, Wvretasa da Semecnebas wuTiTac ar

o


112

n

swydeboda.

allahis wyalobiT gulis srulyofilebas miR-weulma Suamavalma WeSmaritebis Sesamecneblad islamis rwmena mTel kacobriobas uqadaga. misT-vis dakisrebuli am uzenaesi misiis ganxorciele-bam is umaRles mwvervalze aiyvana. man yvela amqveyniuri SeTavazeba, romelic movaleobis Ses-rulebaSi xels SeuSlida uyoymanod uaryo da RmerTis mona-msaxureba yvelaze maRal safexurze daayena.

Sedegad, RvTisadmi madlierebis gamomxatveli, gulis boroti fiqrebisa da azrebisagan ganmw-mendi, yvela arsebisaTvis RmerTisadmi TavSesafa-ris mopovebis momwodebuli _ yurani (gankiTxvis dRemde) adamianebisTvis WeSmaritebis gidad iqca. kacobriobis qmedebebis swori gziT warmmarTveli gidi ki wminda Suamavlis mier (Tavisi cxovrebis manZilze) momzadebuli sunneTi-seniea.

unda vicodeT, rom mowyalebisa da siyvarulis erTaderTi wyaro, romelic allahis siyvarulis zRvasTan migviyvans wminda Suamavalia. ase rom wminda Sumavalis siyvaruli _ allahis siyvar-uli, masze morCileba _ allahisadmi morCileba; mis winaaRmdeg amboxi allahis winaaRmdeg amboxs niSnavs. amis mixedviT, adamianisTvis Suamavlis mier pativdebuli da aRiarebuli arseba _ e.w. siyvarulia.

misticizmi wminda Suamavlis garegan da Sina-

o


113n

gan cxovrebas aerTianebs, is didi siyvaruliTaa SeduRabebuli, amitom wminda Suamavlis yvela mdgomareoba misticizmis gamovlinebaa.

sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, misticizmi Sedgeba si-yvaruliT savse gulidan areklili nayofieri cvarisgan, romlebsac saTave adamisTvis `sulis STaberviT~ daedo da bolo SuamavalSi srulyo-filebis gamovlinebiT dasrulda.

b

mesnevis mixedviT

Suamavlis zneobamesnevi: `me iseT arsebaze var Seyvarebuli,

visac yvelaferi ekuTvnis, vinc yvelaferi Seqmna. Cemi goneba, sicocxle da sulic misi megobrobis samsxverploze daiwva.~ (t. 3, 4136)

trfialebis niWsa da mis yvelaze umaRles gam-ovlinebas siyvaruli ewodeba. Tuki Tavis uka-nasknel mijnaze siyvaruli mxolod uzenaesisad-mi iqneba mimarTuli, is srulyofilebas miaRwevs. amis piroba ki safexur-safexur `droebiT siy-varulad~ wodebuli adamianuri siyvarulis fa-zebis gavlaa. am gzaze yvelaze nayofieri Sua-mavlis siyvarulia. radgan udidesma RmerTma is samyarosTvis wyalobad, saCuqrad moavlina.

zemoT mocemul beiTSi, mevlanas gancxadebiT SesaZlebelia Suamavali imdenad giyvardes, rom mas msxverplad Seewiro. misi Tanamimdevrebi amis

yvelaze gamorCeuli magaliTebia. allahis Suama-vlis sul mcire Txovnaze isini ambobdnen: `Cemi sicocxle, Cemi qoneba Seni Wiris sanacvlo iyos, allahis Suamavalo!...~

bmesnevi: `adamianebo! Tqven, yvelani erTmaneTis

mimarT fara da mwyemsebi xarT. Suamavali ki yve-la TqvenTaganis mwyemsia. xalxi cxvris faras hgavs; Suamavali ki maTi mwyemsia.

mwyemss sakuTari samwysoze zrunva ar aSinebs. is maT sicxisa da sicivisgan icavs.

mwyemsi faras romc gauwyres, icode, maTive sasargeblodaa da siyvarulis gamovlinebaa.~ (t.

3, 4146-4148)

mevlana, zemoT mocemul beiTSi, adamianebs `faras~ imitom ki ar uwodebs, rom isini daamd-ablos; amas imisTvis ambobs, rom gavisigrZeganoT maTi marTvis aucilebloba. hadisSi nabrZanebia:

`Tqven yvelani mwyemsebi xarT da aqedan gamom-dinare pasuxismgebelni maTzed visac mwyemsavT!~ (buhari, juma 11, isTiqraz 20; muslimi, imare 20)

es naTels xdis, rom yvela adamians aqvs mmarT-velobis unari da am unarisgan warmoSobili pasuxismgebloba. albaT bevrjer gvinaxavs, rom mwyemss faras CamorCenili, avadmyofi da susti cxvari mkerdSi Cakruli mihyavs, raTa sxva dan-

o

Suamavlis zneoba

115n

o


116

n

arCenebs daawios. mmarTevlis saukeTeso Tviseba: mowyaleba, gulisxmiereba, gulwrfeloba da pa-suxismgeblobis didi grZnobaa.

bmesnevi: `yurani Suamavlebis sulieri atmos-

fero da am atmosferos daxasiaTebaa. roca wai-kiTxav, CaTvale rom TviT Suamavlebs, wmindanebs Sexvdi!

Tuki yurani wagikiTxavs, magram misi brZanebebi ar gagiTvaliswinebia da misi zneobiT ar gicx-ovria, Suamavlebsa da wmindanebTan Sexvedra Sen ra sargebels mogitans?

Suamavlis novelebs, rogorc ki Sesabamisad waikiTxav da Seimecneb, suls sxeuli galiad moeCveneba.~ (t. 1, 1516-1518)

yurani imisTvis iqna movlenili, rom adamianebs WeSmariteba Seamecnebinos, maT amqveyniuri da im-qveyniuri bedniereba moapovebinos. is, am miznis uzrunvelsayofad, WeSmaritebis Semecnebas gansx-vavebuli meTodebiTa da gancxadebebiT, ramden-ime Temaze dayrdnobiT axorcielebs. am TemebSi mniSvnelovani adgili Suamavlebisa da im tome-bis novelebs ukavia, romelTaTvisac isini iqnen movlenilni. am novelebis gulisyuriT wamkiTxavi adamianebi Suamavlebis da RvTismosavi pirovnebe-bis sikeTiTa da sulierebiT savse cxovrebidan iswavlian borotebasTan brZolis wesebs da saku-

o

Suamavlis zneoba

117n

Tar arsebobas mxolod sikeTes daukavSireben.

imisaTvis, rom adamianma SeZlos yuranSi mo-cemuli novelebis saWiroebisamebr gamoyeneba, saWiroa amisaTvis adamianis Sinagani samyaro wi-naswar iyos momzadebuli. is faqti, rom adamianebi xSirad yuranSi mocemuli azrebis mniSvnelobaze ar fiqroben, iqedan momdinareobs, rom maT gulebs boqlomi adevT. aiaTSi nabrZanebia:

`isini yuranze detalurad ar fiqroben? Tu gulze boqlomi adevT?~ (sura muhammedi, aiaTi 24)

am aiaTis mixedviT yuranis arsis wvdomisaT-vis, misi SegrZnebisaTvis da masSi Cadebuli said-umloebebis codnisaTvis srulyofili gulia aucilebeli. radgan yuranis saidumloebebi gu-lis srulyofilebis Sesabamisad ixsneba. imis gamo, rom yuranis yvelaze didi komentatori wminda Suamavalia, hadisebs komentarebis mniS-vneloba aqvs. wminda Suamavlis Semdeg yuranis yvelaze didi da cnobili komentatorebi codniT ganTqmuli da wminda Suamavlis gulis cxovrebas naziarebi brZeni pirovnebebia. am sakiTxTan dakav-SirebiT mevlana brZanebs:

`yurani yvelaze kargad maT esmiT, vinc misi zneobis mixedviT cxovroben.~

WuWySi damxrCval da gaSavebul gulebs yuran-Tan araferi aqvT saerTo. magaliTad, dasavleli aRmosavleTmcodneebi, romlebic islams ikvleven, da mis Sesaxeb codnas floben, magram Sors arian

o


118

n

gulis mieri cxovrebisagan, yuranis saidumloe-bebs ver Caswvdebian da WeSmaritebas ver Seicno-ben. udidesi allahi brZanebs:

`...maT, yvela saswauli erTad rom naxon, ar irw-muneben! swori gza rom dainaxon, mas ar gayvebian! magram Tuki mcdar da uzneo gzas SeniSnaven, maS-inve mas daadgebian. ase imitom xdeba, rom isini Cvens aiaTebs uaryofen da yuradRebas ar aqceven.~ (sura aaraf, aiaTi 146)

yuranis wakiTxvis mizani ki is aris, rom misi Sesabamisi zneobiT aRviWurvoT. wminda Suamavlis gardacvalebis Semdeg, roca aiSes misi zneobis Sesaxeb hkiTxes, man upasuxa:

`misi zneoba yuranisgan Sedgeboda.~ (muslimi,

musafirini, 139; nesai, qiameTul leil 2)

yuranis kanonebis mixedviT, SeiZleba adamiani angelozze maRal safexurze davayenoT. mevlana xsenebul beiTebSi aRniSnavs, rom yuranis kiTxvas SeuZlia adamiani wminda Suamavalis zneobiT aR-Wurvos. yuranis zneobas wminda Sumavli `RvTiur zneobad~ moixseniebs da Tavis mimdevrebs mimar-Tavs:

`udidesi allahis zneobiT SeimoseT!~ (munavi, eT

Tearif, gv. 564)

qvemoT mocemuli ibn abbasis ambavi, yuranSi ganfenili zneobis kargi magaliTia. erTma kacma ibn abbass Seuracxmyofeli sityvebiT mimarTa. man

o

Suamavlis zneoba

119n

gamkicxvels araferi uTxra, ris gamoc gaocebul-ma ikiTxa, Tu ratom ar upasuxa mas ibn abbasma! am ukanasknelis pasuxi Semdegi iyo:

`me sami mizezi maqvs, ris gamoc Sen pasuxi ar gageci!

pirveli: allahis wignidan erTi aiaTi gaqvs wakiTxuli. neta yvela adamianma igrZnos, rac me amis gamo ganvicade.

meore: Zalian mixaria, roca gavigeb rom mosa-marTlem samarTlianad gansaja. Tumca im mosa-marTlesaTan araviTari materialuri da sulieri kavSiri ar maqvs. (me mxolod is maxarebs, rom islamis silamazeebi gavrcelda da samarTalma izeima.)

mesame: Zalian mixaria, roca muslimanTa mxa-reSi wvims. Tumca, arc cxoveli myavs im mxareSi mobalaxe da arc miwis nakveTi. (sulieri Zmebis sixaruli Cemi bednierebisTvis sakmarisia.)

(msgavsi gulis patrons, rogor SemiZlia pasuxi gagce da amiT muslimans guli gatkino)~! (heisemi,

mejmauz zevaid, t. IX, gv. 284)

bmesnevi: ̀ Suamavlebis gulebSi iseTi macocxle-

beli melodiebi JRers, rom isini mas, vinc RmerTs eZebs Seufasebel cxovrebas Cuqnian.~ (t. 1, 1919)

cxovreba swori fiqrebiTa da marTali qmede-

o


120

n

bebiT fasdeba. es samarTlianobasa da sikeTesTan miRwevas niSnavs. yvelaze gulmodgine da erTad-erTi gidi Suamavalia. swored udidesma RmerTma Suamavlebi da gansakuTrebiT ukanaskneli Sua-mavali CvenTvis ubadlo magaliTebad da gzis maCveneblebad amitom moavlina. zemoT mocemuli, wminda mevlanas beiTi, am faqtis WeSmaritebas as-abuTebs.

wminda Suamavlis amgvari zegavlena, adamianebze, misi moRvaweobis periodidan daiwyo da mTeli ka-cobrioba moicva. isinic ki, visac misi ar swamdaT, iZulebuli gaxdnen misi maRali zneoba eRiarebi-anaT; xolo isini, vinc mas guli miuZRvnes, Sinagan grZnobebs mwveli melodiebis saxiT gadmogvcemen. Suamavlis Tanamimdevrebi acxadebdnen: `Cems qone-bas, sicocxles, mTel Cems arsebas sixaruliT ga-viReb Sens samsxverploze.~ amgvarad, isini gamox-atavdnen, rom mTlianad masze iyvnen mindobilni. marTlac, qveynierebis aRsasrulamde gadaWimuli siyvarulis qaravnebi misi Rrma gancdebiT sazr-doobs. mzeze ufro mbrwyinavi qveyana misi SuqiT aris ganaTebuli. rwmeniT siamovnebis miReba misi meoxebiT iswavles. misi aRwera warmaval arse-bebs ar xelewifebaT. radgan is Tavisi zneobiTa da arsebiT samyaros yvelaze iSviaTi saganZuria. Seyvarebulebi, mwerlebi da poetebi misi qeba-didebiT ver ZRebodnen. im mwveli melodiebisgan ramdenime margalits warmogidgenT.

miuxedavad imisa, rom qristiani iyo, muhamedi-

o

Suamavlis zneoba

121n

seul WeSmaritebasTan ziarebis Semdeg, Tval-cremlian morwmuned da Suamavalze Seyvarebul mexotbed qceuli iaman dede Semdeg bwkarebs gad-mogvcems:

uwylod rom davrCe, mwvel qviSaze rom gan-vutevo suli, ar davmwuxrdebi;

vulkanis mfrqvevel mkerdSi, okeaneSi sinestes ver ganvicdi,

cidan cecxli rom wvimdes da me mexebodes ver vigrZnob,

Seni silamaziT gamamxiarule, daviwvi, allahis Suamavlo!

ra bednierebaa, Seni siyvaruliT Tvalis daxu-Wva, Sens gzaze sulis micema.

wilad ar mxvdeba bedniereba, Cemo sulTano, wminda adgilze ganvutevo suli?

bedniereba iqneba megobris winaSe sulis mice-ma.

Seni silamaziT gamamxiarule, daviwvi, allahis Suamavalo!

Cveni axlo warsulis wmindani, muhammed esad erbili, allahis Suamavlisadmi nagrZnobi siyvar-uliT gamowveul cecxls striqonebiT ase gad-moscems:

sayvarelo, Seni silamazis gamovlinebis gamo (Seni siyvaruliT), gazafxuli cecxlia, vardi

o


122

n

cecxlia, bulbuli cecxlia, sumbuli cecxlia, miwa cecxlia, ekali cecxlia!..

yvela Seyvarebulis mwvelo, (wminda saxis) mzis (mbrwyinavi) Suqo.. (am mizeziT) guli cecxlia, (siyvarulisgan) atirebuli ori Tvali cecxlia.

nuTu amdeni siyvarulis cecxliT Sehidad naqcevis dabana SesaZlebelia? gvami, sudara, Se-hidis gansabani tkbili wyalic ki cecxlia.

yvela silamaze TiTqos misi silamazis anareklia. bunebas misi saxis msgavsi vardi ar unaxavs.

fuzuli ki am WeSmaritebas ase gadmoscems:

Tvalo, (allahis Suamavlis siyvarulisgan) Cems gulis (Sempyrobel, aalebul) cecxls wyali ar daasxa! radgan usazRvro siyvarulisgan aale-bul cecxlze wylis dasxma gamosavali ar aris. (siyvarulis cecxli ar qreba! anTebul cecxlze dasxmuli wylis wveTi mis als aZlierebs.)

mebaRe vardis baRis mosarwyavad (tyuilad) ar gaisarjos.Q(radgan) erT vardis baRs Tu morw-yavs, (allahis Suamavalo kvlavac) Seni msgavsi vardi (arasdros) gaiSleba!..

bmesnevi: `wminda Suamavalma rac icoda, is nebis-

mier sxva adamians rom scodnoda, verc vedrebisa da verc xvewna-mudaris Zalas ver ipovida saku-

o

Suamavlis zneoba

123n

Tar gulSi; mis sxeulSi arc marxvisaTvis saWiro Zala darCeboda da arc namazis locvisaTvis.~ (t. 2, 1913)

wminda SuamavlisTvis cnobil WeSmaritebebs sam kategoriad yofen:

amaTgan pirveli kategoria wminda Suamaval-sa da udides RmerTs Soris mudmiv saidumlod darCa. Suamavals misTvis cnobili saidumloebi-sagan iotisodenisac ki aravisTvis gaundia. is gadmogvcems:

`vficav allahs, rom is rom gcodnodaT, rac me vici ufro naklebad gaicinebdiT da metad itirebdiT, qalTan sawolSi ver isiamovnebdiT; gzebsa da udabnoebSi ixetialebdiT, (ubedurebis asacileblad) RmerTs SeexvewebodiT.~ (ibn maje,

zuhdi, 19)

radgan msgavsi kategoriis WeSmaritebaSi Cawv-doma mxolod Suamavliseuli codniTaa SesaZle-beli, es kompetencia mis garda aravis aqvs da es informaciebi adamianebisTvis samaradJamod uc-nobi darCa. isini ar Tqmula.

is cnobebi, romlebic mxolod wminda Suamav-lisTvisaa gadacemuli da miCneulia meore kat-egoriis saidumloebebad, adamianebs Soris gamor-Ceuli Semecnebisa da Segnebis mqone pirovnebebs gadaecaT. e.i. maTi codna yvela mokvdavisTvis ar iyo gaTvlili. amgvari niWis mqone adamianebi, rogorc viciT, wminda abu baqri da wmind ali

o


124

n

iyvnen. magram aseve cnobilia, rom wminda Suama-vli saidumloebebis raRac nawils abu hureiresa da huzeifeTul iemansac gadascemda.

am kategoriis cnobebi RvTiur codnasa da saidumloebebs ganekuTvneba da mistikur cnobebs warmoadgendnen. amis gamoa, rom TariqaTebi wmin-da abu baqris an wminda alisagan iRebs saTaves. am kategoriis cnobebi igive grZnobebia da isini gulidan gulSi gadadioda. maTTvis damaxasiaTe-beli es Tavisebureba qveynierebis aRsasrulamde gagrZeldeba. masTan dakavSirebuli wignebi ki xi-lis mxolod gare kans hgavs, ese igi mTavari si-tyva ki ara _ Tvisobriobaa.

xolo wminda SuamavlisTvis RmerTis mier nam-cnebi mesame kategoriis sibrZne yvelasTvisaa gan-kuTvnili. eseni SariaTis cnobebs warmoadgenen. radgan wminda Suamavali mxolod erTi gansaz-Rvruli tomisa da gansazRvruli droisTvis ki ar mouvlenia uzenaess, aramed mas mTeli kacobri-obis winaSe daekisra Suamavlobis misia. amitomac misi Suamavlobidan mokidebuli qveynierebis aR-sasrulamde, amqveynad movlenili yvela adamiani `muhammedis mimdevaria.~ Tumca isini or nawilad iyofian. eseni arian: am Zvirfasi arsebis qadage-bis maRiareblebi `ummeTi ijabe~ (adamianebis is nawili, romlebmac maTTvis movlenili Suamavlis iwames) da uarmyofelebi `ummeTi gairi ijabe~ (adamianebis is jgufi, romlebmac maTTvis movle-nili Suamavlis ar iwames).

zemoT mocemul beiTebSi mevlanac am WeSmar-

o

Suamavlis zneoba

125n

itebaze mianiSnebs da aRniSnavs, rom pirveli kat-egoriis cnobebis gageba adamianisTvis SeuZlebe-lia.

bmesnevi: `wminda Suamavli brZanebs:

`Cemo Tanamimdevrebo! Cemo Tanamzraxvelebo! me Tqvens mimarT mamaze ufro gulisxmieri da mowy-ale var.~ (t. 3, 1934)

wminda Suamavlis siyvaruli Tavisi mimdevre-bisadmi imdenad Zlieri iyo, rom ra Tqma unda, is Svilis siyvarulsac aRemateboda. wminda Suamavlis cxovrebis amsaxveli wignebi savsea misi amgvari siyvarulis WeSmaritebis mamtkice-beli qmedebebiT. amis dasadastureblad uamravi magaliTis moyvana SeiZleba. magaliTad, roca misi mimdevrebi mSivrebi iyvenen is ar Wamda da ar svamda. iseTi periodebic ganvvlo, roca SimSi-lis grZnobis mosaklavad mucelze qvas ibamda. namazis locvisas bavSvis tirils Tu gaigonebda, namazis locvas didxans aRar ganagrZobda, mokle surebs waikiTxavda da male morCeboda. rTul momentebSi gansacdels win aRudgeboda xolme da yvelaze pirveli amxnevebda mimdevrebs. uhudSi, huneineSi, roca armia damarcxda da daiSala, is brZolis velze darCa, Tumca drodadro mtris xazze eqceoda. zogierT laSqrobaSi ki ukan rCe-boda da jariskacebs gaerTianebaSi, TavmoyraSi exmareboda. misi siyvaruli Tavisi mimdevrebisad-

o


126

n

mi yuranSi asea gadmocemuli:

`vficav! TqvenTan (iseTi) Suamavali movida, romelsac Tqveni gaWirveba sakuTar gaWirvebad, Tqveni gulistkivili ki sakuTar gulistkivilad miaCnia. Tqven Zalian uyvarxarT; morwmuneebisadmi Zalian mowyalea, maT sikeTes usurvebs.~ (sura Te-

vbe, aiaTi 128)

am aiaTSiıallahiıwminda Suamavals Tavisi saxelebiT `rauf~ da `rahim~ (mowyale) moixse-niebs.

is Tavisi qmedebebiT, sityviTa da zneobiT, mTeli kacobriobisTvis wyalobad da gzis maCve-nebelad iqca. WeSmaritebis gzaze swrafvisas yovelgvarma satanjvelma mis mxrebze gadaiara. Tumca man masze dakisrebuli movaleoba SesaniS-navad aRasrula. am sakiTxSi iseT moTminebasa da mondomebas iCenda, rom zogjer imisTvis, rom ar ganadgurebuliyo, RmerTi mas afrTxilebda.

adamianebis keTildReobisTvis gamoCenili es Tavganwirva yuranSi Semdegnairadaa gadmocemu-li:

`(Cemo Suamavalo!) maT ar swamTo da amis san-acvlod, sadacaa sakuTar Tavs daRupav!~ (sura Su-ara, aiaTi 3)

b

islamis mier SeTavazebuli zneobis mwvervali, samyaros ukanaskneli

dasayrdeni da mTeli kacobriobisTvis ubadlo magaliTi, wminda Suamavalia.

orTave samyaroSi bednierebis mopoveba wminda Suamavlis cxovrebisa

da SesaniSnavi zneobisgan wilis miRebiTaa SesaZlebeli.

i

Suamavlis zneoba

Suamavlis zneoba

adamianurad cxovrebis erTaderTi piroba rw-

mena da zneobaa. rwmena aris udidesi RmerTis

mier kacobriobisTvis SeTavazebuli mwvervali,

romelic adamians saSualebas aZlevs icxovros

WeSmaritebis SemecnebiTa da mona-msaxurebis

Rirseuli aRsrulebiT. morwmunesaTvis yvelaze

mniSvnelovania irwmunos Suamavlebis mier CvenT-

vis gadmocemuli ubadlo magaliTebis, sZlios

vnebas da aimaRlos zneoba.

ukanaskneli rwmena islami, zneobriobis umaR-

les mwvervalad da adamianobis ubadlo magali-

Tad wminda Suamavals gvisaxavs. udidesi RmerTi

brZanebs:

`(Suamavlo!) ueWvelia, Sen, umaRlesi zneoba

gaqvs!..~ (sura yalem, aiaTi 4)

bednierebis orTave samyaroSi mopoveba wminda

Suamavlis gulis cxovrebisa da SesaniSnavi zne-

obisgan wilis miRebiTaa SesaZlebeli. am Tvise-

basTan miRweva mxolod misdami nagrZnobi siy-

varuliTa da sulieri SemosviTaa SesaZlebeli.

samyaro RmerTis siyvarulis gamovlinebaa. am

gamovlinebis gansakuTrebuloba ki muhammedis

SuqSia. saaqao da saiqio bednierebis mopoveba

swored misi siyvaruliTaa SesaZlebeli. istoria

129

n

o


130

n

mowmobs, rom yvelaze Rirseuli Taobebi misi zR-

vardaudebi siyvaruliT sazrdoobdnen.

Cven, adamianebi, romlebic miuwvdomeli sinati-

fis, esTetikuri silamazisa da uZiro RvTaebrivi

niWiT SeviqmeniT, Cveni adamianuri Rirsebis dac-

vas imis Sesabamisad SevZlebT, ramdenadac erTgu-

lad vemsaxurebiT allahs! da, agreTve, ramdenad

aviRebT magaliTs wminda Suamavlis qcevebisa da

amaRlebuli zneobisagan.

imas, Tu bednierebis saukunis adamianebma rogor

irwmunes, mevlana Semdegnairad gadmogvcems:

kerpTayvanismcemlebis erTi nawili saRamos

meCeTSi mivida. maT wminda Suamavals mimarTes

da uTxres:

`mTeli qveynis adamianebis suliero stumaro,

umaRleso adamiano! Cven, aq, Sen stumrad geaxeliT.

saWmel-sasmeli ar gvaqvs. Zalian Soridan movdi-

varT. aq nacnobebic ar gvyavs. gviCvene da Seni

keTilSobileba da wyaloba, Seni Rirsebisgan,

gviwyalobe. Cven, ucxoebi, gagvaxare, Cvens gulebs

madlis Suqi mofine.~

Suamavalma Tanamimdevrebs uTxra:

`megobrebo! stumrebi dainawileT, Tqvens sax-

lebSi waiyvaneT, gaumaspinZldiT, radgan Tqven,

Cemi xasiaTisani da guluxvni xarT. Cemi zneobiT

o

Suamavlis zneoba

131n

xarT aRvsilni.~

marTlac, yovelma maTganma TiTo stumari waiy-

vana Sin. stumrebs Soris iyo erTi veeberTela,

msxvili, tlanqi, vulgaruli adamiani, romlis way-

vana misi Semzaravi garegnobis gamo, veravin gabe-

da. amitom, is, rogorc finjanSi CarCenili Sar-

baTis naleqi, meCeTSi eulad darCa. maSin TviT

wminda Suamavalma waiyvana igi.

mas faraSi Svidi mewveli Txa hyavda. am goli-

aTma kacma ki sufraze mirTmeuli puri, saWmeli

da im Svidi Txis rZe sul erTianad SeWama da

Sesva. ojaxis wevrebi am gulcivi, xepre adamianis

gamo gabrazdnen, radagan maTTvis gankuTvnili

sakvebic am mis kuWSi moxvda.

kacs, raki rva-aTi kacis saWmeli martom SeWama

muceli doliviT gausivda. roca daZinebis dro

movida, is erT oTaxSi ganmartovda. mas mosam-

saxurem kari Cauketa da garedan jaWvic daado,

radgan misi risxva daimsaxura vinaidan aseTma

saqcielma da gulgrilobam Zalian gaanawyena.

stumars, SuaRamisas, bunebrivi moTxovnilebis

gamo, gareT gamosvla mounda. mas muceli stki-

oda, amitom loginidan wamovarda, karisken gai-

qca da roca xeli karisken waiRo, mixvda, rom

is daketili iyo da garedan jaWvic edo. karis

gasaRebad aTasgvari xriki moigona, magram kari

o


132

n

ver gaaRo. Zalian Sewuxda. oTaxi viwrod moeCve-

na. gaognebuli iyo. saSveli arsaidan Canda da

verc isvenebda... tkivilis dasaviwyeblad dawva,

moikunta da daeZina. esizmra TiTqos sadRac ga-

partaxebul nangrevebSi imyofeboda. masac es un-

doda wuxilis mosacileblad. gaRviZebisas naxa

Tavisi namoqmedari, naxa rom sibinZureSi iwva da

sircxvilisgan giJs daemsgavsa. inatra: `neta, es

Rame gaTavdebodes da karebis gaRebis xmas male

gavigebdeo~! daiwyo lodini. eloda, raTa karebis

gaRebisTanave SurduluviT gavardniliyo gareT

da sxvebs ar daenaxaT, sibinZureSi rom iwva.

diliT, pirvelad wminda Suamavali movida,

oTaxis kari gaaRo da im gzadakargul kacs gza

misca. roca karebs aRebda is daimala, raTa kacs

ar daenaxa da amis gamo sircxvili ar egrZno.

stumari gaiqca. magram roca saxlis erT-erT-

ma binadarma Selaxuli logini naxa, aiRo da is

wminda SuamavalTan miitana, TiTqos eubneboda _

`Sexede, es stumris marifaTiao.~

wminda Suamavalma RimiliT uTxra:

`is wylis WurWeli momitane, yvelafers Cemi

xeliT gavrecxav.~

iq msxdomT SescxvaT wamocvivdnen da Tqves:

`dae, Cveni sicocxle Seni msxverpli iyos.

o

Suamavlis zneoba

133n

daeTxove am WuWys da mas Cven gavasufTavebT. es

xom xelis saqmea da ara gulisa. Cven ki, imitom

vcxovrobT, rom Sen gemsaxuroT. Sen Tu sxvas mo-

emsaxure, Cven risTvisRa varT? maSin Cven ra unda

vakeToT?~

wminda Suamavalma brZana:

`vici, Tqveni Cemdami siyvaruli, magram amas

axla me gavrecxav, radgan amaSi sibrZne devs.~

am sityvebis mosmenis Semdeg misi mimdevrebi

gaCumdnen, isini dainteresebuli iyvnen am saqmis

saidumlos gamomJRavnebiT. wminda Suamavali am

WuWyis recxviT RmerTis brZanebas asrulebda,

radgan Suamavals guli eubneboda: `es Sen gaa-

sufTave!~ am saqmeSi marTlac bevri saocreba

iyo.

im urwmuno stumars patara kerpi, erTgvari av-

garozi hqonda, romelsac gulze Camokidebuls

atarebda. misi dakargva rom SeamCnia, daueWve-

blad gaifiqra:

`is Zvirfasi Tilisma im oTaxSi damrCeboda,

sadac viweqi.~

marTalia, mas Cadenilis gamo scxvenoda, magram

Tilismisadmi misi kavSiri imdenad Zlieri iyo,

rom sircxvils sZlia da kerpis saZebnelad gai-

qca. sasurveli nivTi wminda Suamavlis oTaxSi

o


134

n

SeniSna da dainaxa isic, Tu rogor recxavda mis

mier dasvril sawols TviT Suamavali.

amis xilvisas mis gulSi kerpisadmi siyvaru-

li gaqra. roca is gons moego, eqstazSi Sevida,

saxelo da sayelo daxia, xelebs Tavsa da saxeSi

icemda, Tavs karebsa da kedels urtyamda da am-

bobda: ùWkuo Tavo!~ mkerdSi mjiRs icemda da

TavisTavs eubneboda: ùsindiso, sacodavo~, ùsi-

naTlo gulo;~ muxlmoyrili moTqvamda:

`dedamiwis siamayev, Rirseulo adamiano! mrcx-

venia Seni keTilSobilebis winaSe gamoCenili

uyuradRebobis gamo.~

is tanjuli xmiT mimarTavda samyaros:

`saocrebebiT aRsavsev, Senc ki allahis brZane-

bas emorCilebi, mis winaSe qeds ixri, misi siyvaru-

liT brunav da dgaxar; me ki miuxedavad imisa,

rom Seni sikeTeebiT vsargeblob, vneba mZlevs,

wonasworobidan gamovdivar. Sen allahis winaSe

araraobad migaCnia Tavi, caxcaxeb da ise axseneb

mas. me ki mis brZanebebs ar vemorCilebi. ra sa-

codavi var!...~

is wminda Suamavlis winaSe moTqvamda da cas

SehRaRadebda:

`samyaros yiblev, saxeSi rogor Semogxedo!~

roca is eqstazidan gamovida, wminda Suamaval-

o

Suamavlis zneoba

135n

ma daamSvida da faqizi, sityvebiT mimarTa.

amgvarad, sul mcire drois ukan, kerpiT

STagonebuli da moxibluli, ugunuri adamiani,

ucxo zneobisa da mrwamsis miuxedavad, am gulis

megobrad iqca. is wminda Suamavlis usazRvro

Tavmdablobam gaaoca.

wminda Suamavalma mas uTxra:

àqeT modi!~

Rrma Zilidan gamoRviZebuli, misken wavida da

Tqva:

àllahis erTaderTobis mowmev, qelime Sehade-

Ti maswavle,ö raTa misi ganumeorebloba da Seni

Suamavloba viwamo da amgvarad bednierTa qara-

vans Severwya. me axla ukve mrcxvenia Cemi aRvi-

raxsnilobisa da ugrZnobi sindisis; mombezrda,

Cemi sxeuli minda rwmenas veziaro!~

e.i. wminda Suamavalma im kacs WeSmariti codna

STaagona.

SehadeTis wminda sityvebis _ `la ilahe il-

lallah muhammedun rasulullah~ (ar arsebobs

RmerTi garda allahisa da muhammedi misi Suama-

valia) _ warmoTqmam kvanZebi gaxsna. wminda Sua-

mavalma brZana:

àm RamiT, erTdroulad, Cveni saxlisa da Cveni

o


136

n

gulebis stumari iyavi.~

gamuslimanebiT bednierma kacma Tqva:

`vficav, sadac ar unda viyo, sadac ar unda wav-

ide, samaradJamod Seni stumari var. mkvdari viyavi

da gamacocxle. axla me Seni (gaTavisuflebuli)

mona, Seni karis daraji var. saaqao da saiqo xom

Seni gulisxmierebis sufris stumrebi arian.~

im RamiT beduini SuamavalTan isev stumrad

darCa. erTi Txis rZisgan mxolod cotaodeni mi-

iRo. Semdeg madloba gadaixada da sufridan ukan

daiwia.

wminda Suamavalma uTxra:

`rZe dalie, raime Wame.~

axalma morwmunem uTxra:

`vficav, marTla gavZexi. amas arc pirmoTneobis

gamo vambob, arc sircxvilis da arc TvalTmaqco-

bis. Seni wyalobiT gajerebulma erTma lukmam,

asobiT lukmis movaleoba Seasrula. me guSin-

delze metad gavZexi...~

yvela gocda. erTmaneTs gadauCurCules:

`amodena sxeuli erTi wveTi zeiTunis zeTiT

rogor aivso? ufexura Citis sakvebma, spilosode-

na kaci rogor gaaZRo? saocaria, spilos tola

kaci, koRos msgavsad cotas Wamdes!~

o

Suamavlis zneoba

137n

mokled, es adamiani urwmunoebis Jinisa da

sircxvilisgan rom gaTavisuflda, gveleSapis

kuWi, WianWvelis samyofi sakvebiT dakmayofilda.

wminda mevlanas mier, daxvewili meTodiT,

moTxrobili es SemTxveva ramdenime rCevis Sem-

cvelia. isini, vinc RmerTis gzaze gidis mova-

leobas asruleben, maT, visac gzas uCveneben, we-

sisamebr unda moeqcnen.. es is wesia, romelmac

wminda Suamavls yvelas mier uaryofili stu-

mari saxlSi waayvanina. mas gaumaspinZlda. Tavisi

wilic ki SesTavaza, Semdeg im kacis mier dabi-

nZurebuli adgili Tavad gawminda, es umaRlesi

zneobis gamovlineba iyo, ramac is urwmuno ada-

mianic ki gaaoca. es yvelaferi ise gaakeTa, rom

aravin Seurcxvenia da amgvari qmedebiT srulyo-

fili morwmunis guli warmogvidgina. Suamavlis

saocari sikeTis Sedegad stumris egoisti, gau-

maZRari sxeuli da wyvdiadiT Cabnelebuli guli

WeSmaritebis SuqiT ganaTda, man wminda Suamavlis

zneobiT aRivso da Zveli xasiaTi uaryo, Seicva-

la.

ai,ıes aris Suamavlis zneoba!..

am zneobam urwmuno morwmuned aqcia, is sul

sxva pirovnebad gardaqmna.

am zneobam uamravi Smagi suli daimorCila,

ulmobeli, Seubralebeli gulebi mowyalebis

o


138

n

okeaned gardaqmna.

am zneobam naxevrad veluri sazogadoeba ada-

mianobis mwvervalze aiyvana.

am zneobam gulebi savaned gardaqmna da tan-

julTa TavSesafrad aqcia.

am zneobam pasuxismgeblobis grZnobiT aRvsi-

li adamianebi gamoawrTo.

es zneoba WeSmaritebis gidad iqca da adamiane-

bi srulyofil da mgrZnobiare mona-msaxurebad

aqcia.

am zneobam adamianebs borotebis sikeTed da

wyalobad gardaqmna aswavla. radgan adamianebs

sikeTe sZlevs, Sedegad mtroba imdenad mcirdeba,

ramdenadac sikeTe izrdeba. amitom, sulSi abobo-

qrebuli siave TandaTanobiT siyvarulad, huma-

nurobad gardaiqmneba.

aiaTSi nabrZanebia:

`Sen is boroteba, yvelaze lamazi saSualebiT

moiSore!..~ (sura muminuni, aiaTi 96)

swored am zneobam aqcia wminda Suamavali ori

samyaros sulTnad.

mokled, es zneoba allahisTvis mosawoni, yve-

laze maRali zneobaa. amis Sesaxeb aiaTSi nabr-

Zanebia:

o

Suamavlis zneoba

139n

`ueWvelia, rom Sen maRali zneoba gaqvs...~ (sura

yalemi, aiaTi 4)

ra bednierebi arian adamianebi, romelTac am

umaRlesi zneobisgan wili ergebaT...

Cemo allaho! dae, Cveni zneoba Suamavlis umaR-

lesi zneobiT gaalamaze. yvela morwmunes wilad

argune misi lamazi qcevebis mibaZviTa da sunneTi

senies Sesabamisad cxovrebis bedniereba!

amin!

mesnevis mixedviT

gaunawyeneblobamesnevi: `Tu iciT es guli visi samkvidroa, misi

saxlis karis win ratom TavxedobT?

briyvebi da ugnurebi adamianisadmi pativisce-mas ar iCenen, gulis patronebisadmi gulgrilni arian da maT gulebs amsxvreven.~ (t. 2, 3108-3109)

guli adamianSi udidesi RmerTis sameTvaly-

ureo adgilia. vnebis yvelaze mkacri gamovlineba

adamianisaTvis gulis tkenaa. wminda mevlana br-

Zanebs, rom qabe safuZveli azeris Svilma halil

ibrahimma aago, guli ki uzenaesis saTvalTvalo

adgilia. aqedan gamomdinare, am adgilis Seu-

racxyoba qabis dangrevaze ufro did codvad iT-

vleba.

iunus emrec imaves WeSmaritebas adasturebda,

roca ambobda:

o

gaunawyenebloba

141n

Tundac iyos swavluli,

hajobaze wasuli,

ar Seergos mas puri,

vinc kacs mouklas guli.

adamiani, samyaroSi Seqmnil qmnilebaTa Soris,

yvelaze srulyofili arsebaa. misi guli alla-

his meTvalyureobis adgilia. erT wminda hadisSi

nabrZanebia:

`me miwasa da caSi ver movTavsdebi, morwmunis guls davetevi.~ (ajluni, qeSful hafa, II, 195)

yvela zemoT monaTxrobi naTlad warmoaCens,

Tu raoden mZime danaSaulia adamianis upativce-

muloba da misTvis gulis tkena.

moZmeTagan gulgatexili adamianebi allahis

safexurebamde amaRldebian. visac surs RmerTis

kmayofilebis mopoveba, unda scados amgvari sev-

diani gulebis gaxareba da daimedeba. erT dRes

wminda musam RmerTs SehRaRada:

`RmerTo! sad geZebo?~

udidesma RmerTma upasuxa:

`meZebe guldamsxvreulebs Soris!~ (abu nuaimi,

hilie, II, 364)

abu hureires mier gadmocemul erT wminda had-isSi ki wminda Suamavali brZanebs:

o


142

n

`gankiTxvis dRes udidesi allahi mogvmar-Tavs:

àdamiano! avad viyavi da ar minaxule!~

adamiani etyvis:

`RmerTo Cemo, rogor moginaxulebdi, roca Sen samyaros RmerTi xar?~

`gana ar icodi, rom is mona-msaxuri, romelic avad gaxda da Sen ar moinaxule, me viyavi. is rom mogenaxulebina, mis gverdiT mec mnaxavdi!~


àdamiano! me mSieri viyavi da Sen ar gamaZRe!~

adamiani miugebs:

`RmerTo Cemo, rom ar minaxixar, rogor unda damenayrebine?! maSin uzenaesi RmerTi brZanebs:

`mona-msaxurma, romelmac Sen saWmeli gTxova da ar uwyalobe, is me viyavi. misTvis saWmeli rom migeca, es Cemi danayrebis tolfasi iqneboda.~

RmerTi brZanebs:

àdamiano! me Sen wyali gTxove da ar dama-levine!~

adamiani kvlav hkiTxavs?

`RmerTo Cemo, me rogor SemeZlo SenTvis wya-li momewodebina? Sen xom samyaros mbrZanebeli xar?!

o

gaunawyenebloba

143n

amaze udidesi allahi brZanebs:

`Cemma mona-msaxurma Sengan wyali iTxova. Sen ki mas wyali ar miawode. nuTu ar ici, misTvis mi-wodebuli wyali, Cemi wyurvilis mosaklavad xom iqneboda gaRebuli!~ (muslimi, birr, 43)

usamarTlod daCagruli da gulnatkeni adami-anis vedrebas, miuxedavad imisa, es adamiani morw-mune iqneba Tu urwmuno, udidesi RmerTi Seismens, radgan daCagrulis vedrebasa da RmerTs Soris gamyofi farda ar arsebobs. wminda Suamavali Tavis Tanamimdevrebs urCevda, glaxaki adamianebis vedrebisaTvis yuri daegdoT:

`Cagrulis vedrebas ufrTxildiT, vedrebasa da allahs Soris gammijnavi farda ar arsebobs.~ (muslimi, imani, 29)

allahi Semdegi sami adamianis vedrebas Seiwy-narebs:

1. ifTris gakeTebamde mmarxvelTa vedrebas;

2. daCagrulTa vedrebas;

3. saxelmwifos samarTlianad mmarTvelis ve-drebas.~ (Tirmizi, deaviTi, 48; ibn maje, dua, 2)

udidesi RmerTi; adamianTa urTierT siZulvi-lis winaaRmdegia. Suamavali erT hadisSi ase am-bobs:

`erTi kaci dabejiTebiT irwmuneboda:

o


144

n

`vficav, allahi im adamians codvebs ar miute-vebs.~

udidesma allahma Tqva:

`ratom xar darwmunebuli rom im adamians ar mivuteveb? me mas Seviwyaleb, Sens RvTismsaxure-bas ki ar miviReb!..~ (muslimi, birr, 137)

bmesnevi: `RmerTi arc erT toms ar ganawyenebia

manam, sanam maT mis saukeTeso megobrebs, ese igi Suamavlebs an wmindanebs guli ar atkines.~ (t. 2, 3112)

es beiTi naTlyofs, rom ama Tu im tomis war-

momadgenlisTvis Tavis moWris erT-erTi mizezi,

Suamavlis an wmindanebisaTvis gulis tkena iyo.

allahis WeSmariti mona-msaxuris pativismcemeli,

misi fasis mcodne pirovnebebi (amis safasurad)

jildos miiReben.

erT wminda hadisSi nabrZanebia:

`mas, vinc Cems wminda mona-msaxurs umtrobs, me oms gamovucxadeb. Cemi mona-msaxuri Cems mier nabrZanebi farZebis Sesrulebaze metad verafriT damiaxlovdeba. Cems mimdevars (farZebze damate-buli) nebayoflobiTi RvTismsaxurebebis Ses-rulebiTac SeuZlia damiaxlovdes; sabolood me mas vaRiareb da siyvaruliT vpasuxob. xolo adamiani, romelic Cems gulSi xvdeba (Cveulebriv)

o

gaunawyenebloba

145n

Cemi nawili, Cemi zrunvis sagania. amitom, Cemgan rasac iTxovs aucileblad vuboZeb, Tu Semefareba mas davicav.~ (buhari, riqaqi, 38)

amis damadasturebeli araerTi istoriuli

magaliTic arsebobs. faraonis jadoqrebma wmin-

da musas didebuleba da suliereba SeniSnes da

hkiTxes:

`musa kverTxs pirvelad Sen gadaagdeb, Tu Cven

gadavagdoT?~

isini RmerTis megobris upiratesobis aRi-

arebiTa da misdami pativiscemis gamoCeniT WeS-

maritebas eziarnen. miuxedavad amisa, imis gamo,

rom SuamavalTan metoqeoba gabedes _ daisajnen,

samagiero miezRoT. rogorc cnobilia, faraonis

brZanebiT isini Tavdapirvelad awames, Semdeg ki

xelebi da fexebi jvaredinad mohkveTes da amg-

varad gamoasalmes sicocxles.

maT, romlebic imdenad urwmunoebi iyvnen, rom

SuamavalTan gajibreba gabedes, Semdeg iseT rwme-

nas eziarnen, rom faraonic ki orTabrZolaSi gam-

oiwvies da mis usmarTlobasa da muqaras Seewi-

naaRmdegnen. am gziT, warmaval qveyanas maradiuli

sikeTe arCies.

`(jadoqrebma) Tqves: CvenTvis gamocxadebul

aSkara saswaulsa da Cvens Semoqmeds (ar uarvyofT

da) Senze ver gavcvliT. aqedan gamomdinare, Sen

gaakeTe is, risi gakeTebac SegiZlia. Sen mxolod

o


146

n

amqveynad zegavlenis moxdena xelgewifeba!~ (sura

Taha, aiaTi 72)

erT-erT hadisSi nabrZanebia:

`saziano ar aris! Tqves: (rogorac ar unda

iyos) ueWvelia, rom Cven RmerTs davubrundebiT!~

(sura Suara, aiaTi 50)

roca faraonma misnebi sastikad awama, isini

Relavdnen, ar surdaT, rom sisuste gamoeCinaT. am-

itom udides RmerTs sulisSemZvreli moTminebi-

Ta da rwmeniT SesTxoves:

`...RmerTo Cveno! Cven moTmineba gviboZe da suli,

rogorc WeSmarit muslimanebs ise wagvarTvi!~

(sura aaraf, aiaTi 126)

mevlana am SemTxvevas siRrmiseulad aanali-

zebs:

wyeuli da usamarTlo faraoni maT rwmenis gamo daemuqra:

`xelebsa da fexebs jvaredinad mogkveToT... ma-gram amas ar gakmarebT, ar mogitevebT da Camogaxr-CobT!

faraonma ifiqra, rom amis gamo misnebi SeS-indebodnen da acaxcaxdebodnen, Semdeg ki qeds mouxridnen. magram man ver gaTvala umTavresi. is, rom rwmenis simtkiciT simSvide moipoves da mRelvarebisgan gaTavisufldnen, isini WeSmarite-bas eziarnen da bedisweris Carxs asjer rom dae-

o

gaunawyenebloba

147n

trialebina, fqvilis mdgomareobaSic rom moey-vana, axla ukve icodnen, rom maT mxolod Crdili ganSordebodaT.~

anu, isini mixvdnen, rom mTavari sulia, sxeuli

ki mxolod misi aCrdilia. maT es aCrdili msxver-

plad gaiRes da allahis arsebaSi Caikargnen.

`adamiano, es qveyana mxolod Zili da sizmaria. frTxilad, iqaurma mxiarulebam da fufunebam ar mogatyuos! sizmarSi xeli rom gaiWra an sxeuli nakuwebad geqces, ar SegeSindes! radgan wminda Suamavali brZanebs:

`es qveyana sizmaria.~

bmesnevi: `zogierTebma SuamavlebTan brZola

ganizraxes, radgan isini Cveulebriv mokvdavebad miiCnies, isini ubralo adamianebad CaTvales.~ (t. 2, 3113)

isini, vinc Suamavlebs Cveulebriv adamianebad

aRiqvamen da maTSi RvTiur gamovlinebebs ver xe-

daven, uzrdelobasa da Tavxedobas amJRavneben

da am Tvisebebs ver moerevian. es istoriuladac

mudmivad ase iyo. vinc Suamavlebis RvTiur bune-

basa da misias ver Cawvda, morCileba da Rmer-

Tisadmi mindoba ver SeZlo, Tavxedobis mizeziT,

damdablda. abu jehilma, abu lehebma da kidev bev-

rma msgavsma adamianma Suamavali ubralo, mokvdav

o


148

n

arsebad CaTvala da sakuTar mcdar mosazrebas

Seewira.

ukanasknel Suamavals, is Tanamimdevrebi, rom-

lebic mas axlos icnobdnen, gaocebulebi akvird-

ebodnen. am mdgomareobis mwvervalze abu baqri

idga, romelsac Suamavali maSinac ki enatreboda,

roca mis gverdiT imyofeboda da mas siyvaruliT

ucqeroda.

allahis Suamavlis mTavari mueZinis, Suamavlis

meCeTis bulbulad wodebuli, wminda bilalis

mdgomareoba ki sxvagvari iyo. man, allahis Sua-

mavlis gardacvalebis Semdeg, TiTqos ena gaday-

lapa, dana pirs aRar uxsnida. uzarmazar medinaSi

veRar Tavsdeboda, radgan is viwrod eCveneboda.

maSin, xalifa abu baqrma bilals sTxova ezani

ekiTxa. Suamavalze Seyvarebulma, dadardianebul-

ma bilalma ki Semdegi pasuxi gasca:

`abu baqr! Tuki Cemi azri gainteresebs, allahis

Suamavlis gardacvalebis Semdeg ezanis wakiTxvis

Zala aRar damrCa. gTxov, ar damaZalo! ra iqneba,

Cems sadardebelTan marto rom damtovo?!..~

wminda abu baqrs ki wminda Suamavlis mona-

trebiT gamowveuli sevdis gaqarveba bilalis

mier wakiTxuli ezaniT surda da DdaJinebiT

moiTxovda:

`nuTu misi mimdevrebi allahis Suamavlis Sem-

deg mis mueZinsac moakldnen?~

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bilalma daJinebas veRar gauZlo da dilis eza-

nis sakiTxavad minaraze avida, magram yelSi burTi

gaeCxira, Tvalebi aucremlianda, xma aukankalda

da ukan ise Camovida,örom ezanis wakiTxva veRar

SeZlo. abu baqrs amis Semdeg aRar dauZalebia.

bilalma veRar gaZlo medinaSi, romelic savse

iyo SuamavalTan dakavSirebuli mogonebebiT da

dilis namazis Semdeg gzs gaudga. is damasko-

Si, (SamSi), wavida. allahis SuamavalTan Sexve-

dris dauokebeli wyurvilis gamo laSqrobebSi

monawileobda, im imediT, rom sadme Sehidad daec-

emoda, magram RvTaebrivi bedisweris Sesabamisad

yvela jerze cocxali brundeboda. amgvarad gan-

vlo wlebma.

erT Rames mas wminda Suamavali esizmra; romel-

ic eubneboda:

`bilal! ratom itanjebi? ar movida dro, rom

mominaxulo?~

aRelvebulma bilalma gamoiRviZa. maSinve

aqlemze Sejda da udabnos gzas martodmartom

gaudga. mgzavrobis Semdeg, rogorc iqna, medinas

miaRwia. upirvelesad, sanam vinmes naxavda Suamav-

lis saflavTan miirbina, zed daemxo, exveoda mas

da Tvalcremliani ambobda:

`movedi, allahis Suamavalo, movedi!~

zustad am dros wminda Suamavlis SviliSvile-

bi: hasani da huseini movidnen. bilalma isini rom

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150

n

dainaxa saflavidan wamodga da Tqva:

àh! allahis Suamavlis Tvalis Cinebi!~

orives gadaexvia.

wminda hasanma maT uTxra:

`bilal, raRac minda gTxovo, Semisruleb?~

`brZane, Cemo Zvirfaso, brZane!~

àllahis mesjidSi Sens mier wakiTxuli ezani

mogvenatra, misi mosmena gvinda. waikiTxav?~

`TqvenTvis wavikiTxav.~

SudRisas, bilali mesjidi nebevSi im adgilze

avida, sadac adre ezans kiTxulobda.

dadardianebuli gulidan iseTi mwveli àl-

lahu eqber, allahu eqber!~ (RmerTi uzenaesia)

warmoTqva, rom mTeli medina aaTrTola allahis

SuamavalTagan ganSorebiT gamowveuli tkivilis

gamo. am mwveli xmis gagonebaze mTebica da qvebic

akvnesdnen.

èShedu enne muhammeden rasulullah!~-is war-

moTqmisas ki medina Seirya. xalxi quCebSi gam-

ovida da erTmaneTs ekiTxeboda:

`ra moxda, nuTu allahis Suamavali amqveynad

xelaxla mobrZanda.~

amas tiriliTa da gulamoskvniT ambobdnen...

wminda bilali ki cdilobda yelSi momdgari

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151n

slukuni daeokebina da `muhammedis ezani~ ise

daesrulebina.. magram cremli axrCobda da Tavi

ver Seikava, Ronemixdils, Tvalcremlians guli

wauvida.

wminda SuamavalTan ganSorebam fatima imdenad

daamwuxra rom Tqva:

`wminda Suamavlis saiqioSi gamgzavrebam imod-

ena ubedureba damatexa Tavs, rom Cems danaxvaze

TviT wyvdiadi Seicvlis fers.~

dae, RmerTma gagvibrwyinos gulebi wminda Sua-

mavlis, misi Tanamimdevrebis da maT kvalze mavali

wmindanebis siyvaruliT! RmerTma wilad gvargu-

nos wminda Suamavlis axlos gacnobis bedniereba,

misi zneobisa da pirovnebisagan sargeblis miRe-

bis niWi. misi udidesi siyvaruli ki Cveni gulebi-

sTvis ulev, mzard sagzlad qceuliyos.

bmesnevi: Tuki Sen mrisxaneba mogicavs, gulebs

daamsxvrev da maT cecxls waukideb, is cecxli SenTvis jojoxeTis cecxls gaaRvivebs.

Seni mrisxanebis cecxli amqveynadac ki dag-wvavs da Segarcxvens. misgan warmoSobili jo-joxeTis cecxli ki, rogorc am Sercxvenis Sede-gi, saiqioSi ukve samaradisod dagferflavs.

Seni mrisxanebis cecxli aq adamianebs xely-ofs. am xelyofis Sedegad warmoqmnili jojox-

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152

n

eTis cecxli ki, Sen saiqioSi samaradisod daga-tydeba Tavs.~ (t. 3, 3472-3474)

srulyofil adamians imdenad SesaniSnavi zneo-

ba da xasiaTi aqvs, rom is allahis gamo, aravis

gaunawyendeba, arc aravisgan ewyineba. mas gaazre-

buli aqvs qvemoT mocemuli aiaTis saidumlo:

`RvTismoSiSni, siuxvisa da gaWirvebis miuxe-

davad, allahis gamo mowyalebas gascemen, brazs

icxroben da adamianebs miuteveben. allahsac

mowyaleni uyvars.~ (sura ali-imrani, aiaTi 134)

gadmocemis mixedviT, wminda jafer sadiqs erTi

mona hyavda. is misi yvelaze axlo msaxuri iyo.

erT dRes monam wvnianiT savse jamis moitanisas,

xelidan dauvarda da wvniani jafers Tavze gad-

aasxa. gabrazebulma jaferma monas Sexeda.

amaze monam miugo:

`batono! yuranSi nabrZanebia: `sibrazis momT-

menni mowonebul iqnebian!~

jaferma Tqva:

`brazi Sevikave~!

amjerad, monam uTxra:

`yuranSi, imave adgilze, nabrZanebia `adamianebi-

sTvis danaSaulis mimtevebelni mowonebulni ar-

ian!~

jaferma upasuxa:

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`kargi, gapatie!~

maSin msaxurma Tqva:

àiaTis dasasruls ki nabrZanebia: àllahs

mowyaleni, sikeTis moqmedni uyvars!~

maSin jaferma uTxra:

`wadi, Tavisufali xar; allahis gamo, gagaTa-

visufle!..~

cxovrebis wigni sibrazesTan Widilis tragi-

kuli istoriaa. am safrTxisagan Tavdaxsna, misT-

vis Zmobisa da moTminebis dapirispirebiT, wonas-

worobisa da simSvidis SenarCunebiT SeiZleba.

abu derdam wminda Suamavals uTxra:

`maswavle is, rac samoTxes damamkvidrebinebs!~

`nu miecemi mrisxanebas!~ _ brZana Suamavalma.

(buhaari, edebi, 76; Tirmizi, birri, 73)

erTma kacma Suamavls uTxra:

àllahis Suamavalo! vinaidan Zala ar Semwevs

vrceli axsnis gagebisa, mokled mirCie, ra gziT

movipovo bedniereba!~

Suamavlma masac igive gaumeora:

àr ganrisxde!~ (buhari, edebi,76; Tirmizi, birri, 73)

erT-erT hadisSi ki nabrZanebia:

ùdidesi allahi dafaravs imis nakls, vinc Se-

Zlebs brazisagan TavSekavebas!~ (ihia, III, 372)

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154

n

àllahis safexurebamde amaRleba da misi kmay-

ofilebis mopoveba, mxolod brazis dacxromiT

SeiZleba da amaze ukeTesi qmedeba ar arsebobs!~

(ihia, III, 392)

`Zlieri falavani is ki ar aris, vinc yvelas

miwas gaakravs, aramed is vinc brazs Seikavebs.~

(buhari, edebi, 102; muslimi, birri, 106-108)

bmesnevi: `Tuki dedamiwaze myofi susti, saco-

davi arseba RmerTisagan daxmarebas iTxovs an-gelozTa zeciur dass Tavs xmauri daatydebaT.~ (t 1, 1315)

àdamiano, sxvebSi danaxuli usamarTloba da boroteba, Senive cudi xasiaTis anareklia maTSi.~ (t. 1, 1318)

hadisi gvirCevs, gveSinodes daCagrulis wyev-

lis da gvamcnobs, rom am wyevlas RmerTTan miR-

wevaSi araferi uSlis xels. amitomac, saWiroa

usamarTlobas veridoT. aseve unda vifiqroT, rom

sxvebSi SeniSnuli umsgavsoba da boroteba Cveni

cudi xasiaTis anareklia. mevlana adamianisaTvis

damaxasiaTebel Sinagan da garegan simSvidesa

da mousvenrobas qvemoT mocemul beiTSi Semdeg-

nairad gamoxatavs:

èkali Tu SegerWo icode, is ekali Seni dargu-lia! Tuki rbil da sasiamovno qsovilSi gaexvie,

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is qsovilic Seni moqsovilia!

Sens xasiaTs da bunebas rom CaRrmavebodi, gaigebdi, rom boroteba da amoraluroba Sen-Sivea.

Sen adamianebisaTvis allahis SuqiT rom Segexe-da, sxvebis borotebisa da naklis gamo Segrcxve-boda da ugulisyurod aRar moiqceodi!~

adamiani sxvadasxva vnebisa da cdunebis zemo-

qmedebis qveS imitom ki ar imyofeba, rom Tavis

droze Secdoma dauSva da arc imitom, rom mudam

cud qmedebebs sCadis. ase rom yofiliyo, Suama-

vlebi, romlebsac umwikvlo buneba aqvT da nak-

leb codvilebi arian, arasdros aRmoCndebodnen

boroti qmedebebis zegavlenis qveS. es zegavlena

am droebiT cxovrebaSi visTvis gamocdaa, visTvis

ki sulieri srulyofis gzaze _ daxmareba.

adamians zogierTi boroteba imitom daatydeba

xolme Tavs, rom es daimsaxura. aseT SemTxvevebSi

saWiroa sakuTari Tavi Tavad ganvsajoT. amitom,

sanam raimes vityodeT da sayvedurs gamovTqvam-

deT, unda davfiqrdeT. Cveni mizani gulebSi eklis

dargva ki ara, im gulebis Cvens gulebSi Senaxva

unda iyos. Cveni qcevebic Cveni sityvebis Sesabam-

isi unda iyos da yvela Cveni qmedeba sispetakiTa

da mokrZalebulobiT unda gamoirCeodes.

b

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156

n

mesnevi: ̀ is, vinc adamians awyeninebs, icodes, rom allahis gamnawyenebelia. man ar icis, rom Tundac erTi doqis wyali RvTaebrivi wyaros wylis Se-madgeneli nawilia.~ (t. 1, 2520)

saWiroa vifiqroT, rom qmedeba romelic alla-

his romelime qmnilebas Seuaracxyofs, Tavdapirve-

lad udidesi allahis risxvas iwvevs, radgan al-

lahi Tavis qmnilebebs siyvaruliT ucqers. amis

gamoa, rom codvilis, ese igi RvTis winaaRmdeg

ajanyebuli adamianis codvisa da naklis moxsen-

ebac ki akrZalulia da is `Woraobis~ saxeliT,

mZime codvad iTvleba.


`...mas Cemi sulisgan STavbere...~ (sura hijri, aiaTi 29)

amgvarad, RmerTma adamians masTan daaxloebis

niWi uboZa da is yvelaze pativsacem arsebad aq-

cia. amitomac RmerTi arasdros aris kmayofili

adamianis ugulebelyofis, damdablebisa da Seu-

racxyofis gamo. gadmocemis mixedviT, erT dRes,

muhiddin arabma, sanapiroze seirnobisas dainaxa

axalgazrda, romelic Rvinos svamda. igive axal-

gazrda, imavdroulad, erT qals mourideblad eq-

ceoda. muhiddin arabma gaifiqra:

`marTalia adamianma Tavi unda daimdablos da

mokrZalebuli iyos, magram me albaT am codvil

axalgazrdaze maRla vdgavar, radgan arc Rvinos

vsvam da arc Tavxedurad, amoralurad viqcevi.~

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zustad am dros zRvidan yvirili moisma:

`gviSveleT, vixrCobiT!..~

axalgazrdam, am xmis gagonebisTanave, xelidan

Tasi moisrola, myisierad wamoxta, zRvaSi gadaeS-

va da ramdenime wuTis ganmavlobaSi napirze oTxi

adamiani gamoiyvana. amis Semxedvare ibn arabma ki

im eWvebze ipova pasuxi, sul cota xnis win rom

aReZra. man gaifiqra:

`Sexede, im Wabukma, romelic Sen daamdable,

codvilad CaTvale da Seuracxyofa miayene, uceb

oTxi adamiani gadaarCina. Sen ra gaakeTe?! erTi

adamianic ki ver ixseni!.~

rogorc am novelidan Cans, adamianebSi CvenT-

vis SesamCnevi da TvalsaCino garegnuli qcevebis

garda, iseTi Tvisebebi da ganZi devs, romelsac

Cven ver vxedavT. Suamavlebis garda, arc erT ada-

mians ar aqvs ukanaskenli amosunTqvis garantia.

amis gamo mistikosebi allahis mona-msaxurebis

mimarT siZulvils _ danaSauls uwodebdnen.

bmesnevi: `nebismier gaWirvebis, gabrazebisa da

ganrisxebisas yvela gauwvrTnels siZulvili ip-yrobs. sarke gauprialeblad rogor iqneba?~ (t. 1, 2980)

adamians satanjveli da gasaWiri srulyofs.

siZnelisgan gaqcevis yovelgvari mcdeloba

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158

n

sizarmacis, egoistobisa da unebisyofobis gamov-

linebaa. yuradReba unda mivaqcioT, Tavs damty-

dari sirTule ramdenad Seesabameba Cvens, winaaRm-

degobis gawevis unars.

rodesac adamians usamarTlod eqcevian, is

maSinve ar unda gabrazdes da pasuxis gacema ar

unda scados, piriqiT, is winaaRmdegobas mSvidad

unda Sexvdes, unda Seimecnos kritikas imsaxurebs

Tu ara da sakuTari Tavi Tavad unda gansajos.

Tuki is cud mopyrobas ar imsaxurebda da mainc

moiTmina, es mis mier srulyofilebis safexuris

flobaze mianiSnebs. usamarTlobis Camdenis mier

RmerTisTvis madlobis gadaxda misi qmedebis

bolo sadguria, radganac es yvelaferi advili

ar aris, amgvari falavnebi iSviaTobaa.

susti, Raribi, sabralo adamianis Secodeba da

masTan siaxlove gulisxmierebisTvis aucilebe-

lia. magram ufro metad unda Segvecodos:

usamarTlobis wnexis qveS moqceuli Cagrulis

akvnesebuli sindisi.

didi SesaZleblobebis, magram warmavali da Sm-

agi siamovnebis tyved qceuli sabralo sulebi.

ukanonobisa da usamarTlobis periodSi Ser-

cxvenili, mowyalebis gacemis unaris armqone da

egoisti pirovnebebi.

vinaidan, eseni arian isini, vinc maradiul sam-

yaroSi yvelaze mets dakargaven. am gmirobis

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kargi magaliTia `iasin~ suris meore gverdze, me-

13 _ 27-e aiaTebSi gadmocemuli, novela _ habibi

nejaris Sesaxeb. habibi nejari imisTvis Caqoles,

rom xalxs samarTlianobas aswavlida. rodesac

is sicocxles emSvidobeboda, misTvis RvTiuri

fardebi aixada.

`neta Cems toms scodnoda, rom RmerTma me mapa-

tia da pativi momago!~ (sura iasini, aiaTebi 26-27)

rogorc erTgulebis simbolo wuxda Tavisi

tomis ugulisyurobaze, romlebmac is Sehidad aq-

cies, aseve, nebismieri mokvdavi unda ibrZodes yov-

el adamianSi simarTlisa da zneobriobis aRz-

rdaze.

bmesnevi: `mniSvnelovania vardis Tvisebis SeZena

ese igi, roca amqveyniur baRSi eklebs dainaxav, SiSiT _ miCxvlets da metkinebao ki ar unda gai-qce, isini gulSi unda Caikra zamTris susxis ga-datanac rom mogixdes, unda scado isini gazaf-xulis klimatSi gamoiyvano da mTeli qveynisTvis vardad yofna SeZlo.~ (t. 3, 3259)

adamianis `vardoba~ mis sixalases sikeTes niS-

navs. amgvarma adamianma gvelsac rom Sexedos,

masac ki daimorCilebs. (arsebobs cnobili gad-

mocema imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor daesxa Tavs gveli

abdulqadir geilans. erT dRes, roca geilani

meCeTSi RvTismsaxurebas asrulebda, mopirdapire

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160

n

mxridan gveli gamoZvra da aqa-iq mohyva xetials.

meCeTSi myofebi mimoifantnen, is ki ar ganZreula.

gvelma geilans garSemouara, Semdeg ki daikarga.

msgavsi SemTxveva mahmud sami efendisTan dakav-

SirebiTac aris gadmocemuli. rodesac is meCeTSi

imyofeboda, gveli Semovida. yvela dafrTxa, man

ki simSvide SeinarCuna da Tqva, rom gveli zianis

mosayeneblad ar iyo mosuli. marTlac gveli

cota xnis manZilze igragneboda, Semdeg, isev im

xvrelidan wavida saidanac movida. e.i. radgan

RmerTis sayvareli pirovnebebi siZulviliT arc

erT arsebas ar ucqerian, isini borotebis wi-

naaRmdeg Cveulebriv siZulvilsac ki misticizm-

Si axrCoben. amas ̀ allahis gulisTvis siZulvili

gabrazeba~ ewodeba.

magram im SemTxvevebze, romlebic samyaroSi

mravlad xdeba, amgvari ganwyobiT midgoma advili

ar aris. amis gamo `vneba emmareTi~ dawyebuli mg-

zavroba saWiroa Cveni zneobrivi samyaros `sru-

lyofiT~ davamTavroT, anu mwvervals mivaRwioT,

mwvervali xom srulyofilebaa.

mevlana vards ase esaubreba:

`vardma Tavisi sasiamovno surneli ekalTan Sexmatkbilebuli cxovrebiT SeiZina. modi, es WeS-mariteba vardisganac moismine. ai, ras ambobs is:

`imis gamo, rom ekalTan erTad vcxovrob, ratom unda moviwyino, ratom unda davdardiande? me xom bedniereba swored imis wyalobiT movipove, rom im

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161n

mkacri xasiaTis ekals Sevegue. misi saSualebiT momeca SesaZlebloba samyarosTvis silamaze da sasiamovno surneli SemeTavazebina...~

imisaTvis, rom morwmunem Tanamosaubreze zegav-

lena moaxdinos, jer Sinagani srulyofileba unda

moipovos, mopirdapire mxaris Cadenil Secdomaze

Tavi pasuxismgeblad unda CaTvalos. eqimis mova-

leoba avadmyofis gabrazeba ki ara, avadmyofobis

mkurnalobis gzis povna da misi gankurnebaa. iseve

rogorc eqimi exmareba avadmyofs, mistikosmac

codvili ki ar unda Seuracxyos da gankveTos,

aramed ise unda moeqces, rogorc frTamotexil

Cits, is mkerdSi unda Caikras da codvisadmi si-

Zulvili codvilze ar unda gadaitanos.

b

rom ar gaanawyeno advilia, magram rom ar ganawyende rTuli, radgan is guls exeba, masTanaa dakavSirebuli. aqedan gamomdinare, simSvidis SenarCuneba da

wyenis moTmena mxolod im SemTxvevaSia SesaZlebeli Tu mokvdavi adamianisagan

wamosuli da gulSi SerWobili mowamluli isari Cvenze zegavlenas ar moaxdens. es ki gulisa da sulis erTdrouli

ganwmendisa da aRzrdis Sedegad miRweuli srulyofilebis donis Sesabamisia.

i

ar gaanawyeno da ar

ganawyende!

gaunawyenebloba

wminda Suamavlis mueZinTagan abdullah ibn ummi meqTumi drodadro allahis SuamavalTan midioda da sTxovda:

àllahis Suamavalo! maswavle imisgan mciredi, rac Sen allahma gaswavla!~

wminda Suamavalic im sufTa gulis mqone Tana-mimdevars ar anawyenebda da yvela SekiTxvaze pa-suxs scemda.ç

erT dRes SuamavalTan yuraiSebis ramdenime winamZRoli imyofeboda. wminda Suamavals imedi hqonda _ ègeb yuraiSebis winamZRolebma irwm-nunon da WeSmaritebas eziarono.~ am dros, kvlav movida dabadebidanve brma ummi meqTumi. Tavisi sibrmavis gamo, man ver SeniSna Suamavlis stum-rebi, amitomac, rogorc yovelTvis, axlac igive TxovniT mimarTa mas. udroo da uadgilo Txovnam Suamavali daamwuxra. man saxe sapirispiro mxares miatriala da yuradReba ar miaqcia, ramac abdul-lah ibn ummi meqTums guli atkina. amis gamo abese sures Semdegi ori aiaTi moevlina:

àllahis Suamavalma brma movidao saxe SeW-muxna da Tavi miatriala.~ (sura abese, aiaTebi 1-2)

am SemTxvevis Semdeg allahis Suamavali rode-sac abdullah ibn meqTums dainaxavda, ambobda:

`gamarjoba, adamiano, vis gamoc RmerTma gam-kicxa.~ (vahidi, eshabu nuzuli yuran, gv. 471)

165n

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166

n

ueWvelia, rom es SemTxveva WeSmaritebis mimde-vari adamianebisaTvis, wminda Suamavlis pirovnebis saxiT naCvenebi, gasaTvaliswinebeli magaliTia. is migviTiTebs, rom saWiroa amgvar sakiTxebSi yvela morwmunem mas mibaZos. aqedan gamomdinare, RmerTis megobrebi adamianis wyeninebas unda eridebodnen, guls rogorc allahis navTsayudelsa da meTva-lyureobis adgils, ise unda uyurebdnen, (ese igi rogorc allahis saxls, qabes). vinaidan is, vinc guls Seuracxyofs, sinamdvileSi mis patrons awy-eninebs. amis gamo nabrZanebia:

`allahi gulnatkenebTan erTad aris.~

hadisSi ki nabrZanebia:

`musam erT-erTi vedrebisas, RmerTs uTxra:

`RmerTo! Sen sad geZebo?~

udidesma RmerTma miugo:

`gulgatexilTa gverdiT!~ (abu nuaimi, hilie, II, 364)

ai, ra lamazad gadmoscems am WeSmaritebas wmin-da mevlanas novela:

erT gemze derviSi imyofeboda. mas piradi nivTebi da bargi ar hqonda, sanacvlod kargi xa-siaTis, keTilSobilebisa da adamianobis baliSs eyrdnoboda. gemi ganagrZnobda gzas, is sxvadasxva wylebSi micuravda. am dros gemze qisa oqro dai-karga. maSin derviSs eZina. amitom, mis garda yvela gaCxrikes da qisa ver ipoves; xomaldze myofTa-

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gan erT-erTma derviSze miuTiTa da Tqva:

`es mZinare Raribi gavCxrikoT!~

fulis dakargviT Sewuxebulma qisis patronma is gaaRviZebina. udanaSaulo derviSs bralmde-blebma uTxres:

`gemze erTi qisa oqro daikarga. yvela gavCxrikeT, exla Seni rigia! gaixade xalaTica da sacvlebic, raTa xalxs eWvi ar Seeparos!~

derviSi RmerTs Seevedra:

`RmerTo! Sens udanaSaulo mona-msaxurs brals sdeben, Cems gancdebs mxolod Sen warmogidgen!~

gemze myofebma derviSs guli atkines, miuxeda-vad imisa, rom is sufTa gulis patroni iyo. udide-si allahi kmayofili ar aris imgvari saqcieliT, roca adamians guls stkenen. amitomac, man Tev-zebs ubrZana rom isini zRvis zedapirze gamoCe-niliyvnen. TiToeuls pirSi gasaocari margaliti hqonda. im margalitebis fasi erTi saxelmwifos Semosavals udrida. es allahis wyaloba iyo, ami-tom im margalitebze ufleba aravis hqonda.

derviSma ramdenime Tevzs piridan margaliti gamoacala da gemis SuagulSi dado. TviTon Sex-ta da haerSi ise moirTxa, TiTqos skamze ijda. is iseTi formiT iyo, rogorc mefeebi sxedan xol-me TavianT taxtze. gemi aRar iZvroda. maSin, man gemze myofebs dauZaxa:

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`wadiT, dae, gemi Tqveni iyos, RmerTi xom CemTan aris! is me arc qurdobaSi madanaSaulebs da arc imis xelSi mtovebs, vinc Cems nakls ganzrax mo-maxlis pirSi.~

gemze myofebma hkiTxes:

`didebulo adamiano! risTvis geboZa Sen am-denad amaRlebul safexurze yofnis niWi?~

`samyaros RmerTisadmi pativiscemis gamo, arc Raribebis winaaRmdeg av fiqrebs Sevupyrivar. isi-ni xom sasiamovno da mSvenieri arsebebi arian? `abese~ sura maT asamaRleblad iqna zegardmovle-nili. isini TavianTi siRaribis gamo amqveyniuro-bam ar unda Seipyros da daCagros. maT siglaxake gaTavisebuli aqvT da ician, rom amqveynad Rmer-Tze umaRlesi araferi da aravinaa.~

bam novelis sibrZnes naziarebi wminda mevlana

ase brZanebs:

`vinc adamians awyeninebs, is allahis Seurac-myofelia. man ar icis, rom wyali, romelic doqSi dgas RmerTis wyaros uerTdeba.

Cven, sakuTari ucodinarobisa da gulgrilobis gamo, RvTisnier wmindanTa damcirebasa da maT wy-eninebas ar veridebiT.

gataceba avadmyofobaa, romelic sabolood ubedurebas mogvitans. is, vinc gansacdelSia gve-

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braleba, magram sibriyve iseTi daavadebaa, rom sx-vebsac kodavs da tkivils ayenebs.

briyvebi adamianTa mier aSenebul meCeTebs sce-men Tayvans, gulis patronebs ki arafrad agde-ben.

am gulis samkvidrebelSi rom icodeT vin im-yofeba, maSin dafiqrdebodiT, Tu ra aris mizezi gulis patronis karebis win Tqvens mier gamoCe-nili uzrdelobisa?

allahs xom arc erTi tomi ar Seurcxvenia ma-nam, sanam RvTis kacebs, Suamavlebs an wmindanebs guli ar atkines.~

aqedan gamomdinare, misticizmi gulisadmi ganix-ilavs da uaryofs sxvisi wyeninebis sakiTxs, arc imas tovebs uyuradRebod, rom Tavad ar ganawy-ende.

sami efendis maSin iuridiuli fakulteti axal dasrulebuli hqonda, roca misi cxovrebis niri erT wmindans Zalian moewona da uTxra:

`Svilo, es ganaTlebac kargia, magrm Sen um-Tavresi codnis mopoveba scade, ganaTlebis cen-trSi Cagwer, iq gulis mecnierebebsa da saiqio saidumloebebs daeufle!...~L

Tan daamata:

`Svilo, im skolaSi rogor aRzrda-ganaTlebas iZlevian da ras aswavlian ar vici, magram erTi

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n

ram vici, rom am skolaSi pirveli gakveTilia _ ar awyenino! bolo ki _ ar gewyinos..~

sxva rom ar gaanawyeno advilia, magram Sen rom ar ganawyende sxvaze-Zneli, radgan is gulis saqmea. aqedan gamomdinare, simSvidis SenarCuneba da gaubrazebloba mxolod im SemTxvevaSia Sesa-Zlebeli Tu warmavalisagan wamosuli da gulSi SerWobili mowamluli isari Cvenze zegavlens ar moaxdens. es ki gulisa da sulis ganwmendiTa da aRzrdis Sedegad miRweuli srulyofilebis do-nis Sesabamisia. rodesac wminda Suamavals taif-Si qvebs esrodnen da Seuracxyofdnen, mas angelo-zebi eubnebodnen:

`allahis Suamavalo! Sen Tu isurveb am or mTas erTmaneTs SevajaxebT da am usamarTlo xalxs ga-vanadgurebT!~

magram qveynierebisTvis wyalobad movlenil-ma Suamavalma, angelozebis es SeTavazeba uaryo. is, TanagrZnobiTa da gulisxmierebis grZnobiT aRvsavse, taifisken mitrialda da RmerTs Seeve-dra, raTa isini WeSmaritebis gzaze daeyenebina. (ix. buhari, bedul halq, 7; muslimi, jihadi, 111)

xolo, roca Suamavalze Seyvarebul haliji mansurs qolavdnen, is RmerTs Seevedra:

`Cemo allaho! miuteve maT, rameTu ar ician ras sCadian!~

es aris Sinagani mdgomareoba, romelic mxolod

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sulieri aRzrdis da gulis srulyofilebis Sed-egad moipoveba.

abu qasim el haqims srulyofili gulisTvis damaxasiaTebeli Tvisebebis Sesaxeb hkiTxes, man upasuxa:

`srulyofil guls sami Tviseba aqvs:

pirveli: aravis awyeninebs;

meore: arc Tavad ganawyendeba!

mesame: sikeTes uangarod, mxolod allahis kmay-ofilebis mosapoveblad akeTebs.

morwmune gulwrfelia maSin, rodesac is Rmer-Tis winaSe ise miva, rom aravin eyoleba Senawuxe-bi, guli gamudmebiT RmerTisken eqneba mimarTuli da aravisgan iqneba ganawyenebuli; arc Canatareb RvTismsaxurebebSi eyoleba warmavali moziare..~

sxvas rom ar awyenino da arc Tavad gewyinos, amisaTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovania sakuTari nak-lisa da danaSaulis dafarva. radgan belh haTems amgvari maRali zneoba hqonda, mas miuxedavad imi-sa rom esmoda zedmet saxelad yru uwodes:

erT dRes masTan saTxovnelad dadardianebuli qali mivida. Tavisi gasaWiris Txrobisas moulod-nelad gazebma Seawuxa da kidec ganTavisuflda maTgan. amis gamo sabralo sircxvilisagan daiwva. haTemi ki uxerxulobis gasafantad ise moiqca, TiTqos araferi gaugia, xeli yurTan miitana da

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n

uTxra:

`daiko, cudad mesmis, cota xmamaRla moyevi! ver gavigone...~

sabralo qalma CaTvala, rom rac SeemTxva Seum-Cneveli darCa da damSvidda. amitom, Tavisi sawux-aris moyola Tavidan daiwyo.

am SemTxvevis Semdeg wminda haTems `yru haTemi uwodes.~

ra Tqma unda, am novelis mTavari gmirisTvis damaxasiaTebeli maRali zneobis mopoveba mx-olod wignebidan miRebuli codnis cxovrebaSi gatarebiT SeuZlebelia. wminda haTemis es de-likaturoba, sxvisi naklis dafarvis niWi, misTvis RvTisagan boZebuli Tvisebaa. amitom, mis msgavsad moqmedeba mxolod allahis zneobiT aRWurvis SemTxvevaSia SesaZlebeli.

sxvisi ganawyenebis Sesaxeb hadisSi nabr-Zanebia:

`adamians codvad isic eyofa, Tuki musliman Zmas zemodan daxedavs..~ (muslimi, birri, 32)

wyeninebis Sesaxeb ki hadisSi nabrZanebia:

`SenTvis Rirsebis momtani ar aris sikeTis mqnels sikeTiT, borotebis mqnels ki borotebiT gadauxado. namdvili Rirseba imaSia, borotebis mqnels analogiurad ar moeqce da sikeTiT gad-auxado.~ (Tirmizi, birri, 63)

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`rahmanis (xalasi) mona-msaxurebi isini arian, romlebic dedamiwaze Tavmdablad daabijeben da roca maT ucnobi adamianebi sityvas gadaukraven, (ise rom wyenas gulSi ar gaivleben) etyvian `salams~ (mSvidoba da wavlen).~ (sura furqani, aiaTi 63)

sulisa da zneobis amgvar simaRleze yofna gam-Wriaxobis maCvenebelia. adamiani, Tavisdauneburad, uamrav rames wamoroSavs xolme. amitom gamWri-axoba gansakuTrebulad mniSvnelovania.

ra aris gamWriaxoba?

gamWriaxoba SuamavlebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli erT-erTi niSania. Tanamosaubris codnis donis Sesabamisi maxvilgonivruli qmedebaa. vinaidan erTma da imave qmedebam, SeiZleba erTi adamiani gaaxaros, meore ki daamwuxros. aqedan gamomdin-are, adamianis aRzrda, misi fsiqologiuri mdgo-mareobis gamyareba movlenis Semdgomi ori-sami safexuris gansazRvriT xdeba.

gamWriaxobis erT-erTi gamovlineba sikvdilis gamocanis amoxsnis mcdelobaa; vinaidan warmaval samyaroSi saidumloebebisa da WeSmaritebis gage-ba mxolod `gardacvalebamde gardacvalebiTaa~ SesaZlebeli. ese igi aucilebelia vnebisa da amqveyniuri survilebisgan gavTavisufldeT. wmin-danebi am sakiTxSi Semdeg wesebs emorCilebian:

ori ram ar daiviwyo:

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n

1. allahi;

2. sikvdili;

ori ram daiviwye:

1. Sens mimarT Cadenili boroteba;

2. Sens mier qmnili sikeTe;

CvenTvis gakeTebuli siavis patiebas Tu Sev-ZlebT es ufro Rirseuli da mniSvnelovania, rad-gan adamianis mitevebiT RmerTis mier sakuTari codvebis Sendobas davimsaxurebT. aiaTSi nabr-Zanebia:

`(Suamavalo!) Sen mitevebis gzas daadeqi, sikeTe danerge da umecrebs zurgi aqcie.~ (sura aaraf, aiaTi

199)

`Tuki sikeTes aSkaras ar gaxdiT da dafaravT, an Tqvens mimarT Cadenil borotebas miutevebT (da damalavT), ueWvelia, allahic ufro metad mimtevebeli da lmobieri iqneba.~ (sura nisa, aiaTi

149)

`...ar gindaT allahma mogitevoT?..~ (sura nuri,

aiaTi 22)

ibn omari gadmogvcems:

`allahis SuamavalTan erTi kaci mivida da hkiTxa:

`mosamsaxures ramdengzis unda mivutevo?~

Suamavalma SekiTxvaze ar upasuxa. maSin kacma

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ganmeorebiT mimarTa:

`allahis Suamavalo! ramdengzis SeiZleba mi-vutevo msaxurs?~

amjerad wminda Suamavalma upasuxa:

`miuteve, Tundac dReSi samocdaaTjer!~ (abu da-vudi, edebi, 123-124/5164; Tirmizi, birri, 31/1949)

metad mniSvnelovania qvemoT mocemuli sityve-bi, romlebic Suamavalma sasikvdilo sarecelze warmoTqva:

`namazi! namazs miaqcieT yuradReba! Tqvens gank-argulebaSi myofi monebis (qalebisa da bavSvebis) gamo geSinodeT allahis!~ (abu davudi, edebi, 123)

erT-erT sxva hadisSi ki Suamavali brZanebs:

`iyo erTi guluxvi kaci, romelic adamianebs fuls sesxad aZlevda. is kaci msaxurs arigebda:

Tuki sesxs Raribs miscem, masTan valis asaRe-bad rom mixval, gadaxdis SesaZlebloba Tu ar eqneba, Tavi daanebe da miuteve! aCuqe is, rac Sen gekuTvnoda! vimedovneb, allahic ufro mimteve-beli iqneba Cvens mimarT.

sabolood is kaci RmerTs warudga, romelmac mas Seundo.~ (buhari, enbia, 54; muslimi, musaqaTi, 31)

ai, es aris gamWriaxoba da winaswar Wvretis niWi. Tuki Cvenc ase moviqceviT, es im mdgomarobi-sa da ganwyobis gamomxatveli iqneba, rac Cvens gu-lebSi wminda Suamavalma Canerga da daamkvidra.

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am mdgomareobas vinc Caswvdeba allahis megobari gaxdeba. aqedan gamomdinare, arc erTi allahis mimdevari da megobari briyvi araa. da verc erTi ugunuri mis megobrobamde ver amaRldeba.

rodesac wminda Suamavali vinmes aqebda, br-Zanebda:

`rogori goniereba aqvs?!~

udidesi RmerTi ki aiaTebSi xSirad imeorebs:

`nuTu gons ar moegebian? ar fiqroben?~

ese igi, udidesi allahi adamianebs Wkuisa da TavianTi cnobierebis gamoyenebisken mouwodebs.

yvelaze didi gamWriaxoba momavlis saidumlos amoxsnaa. misi amomxsneli adamiani arc aravis awy-eninebs da arc aravisgan ewyineba. saerTod, yvela movlenaSi RvTiuri neba-survili da maradisobis saidumlo SeimCneva. yvela arseba uzenaesis sur-vilisamebr iqceva.

halidi baRdadi brZanebs:

`RvTis winaSe mudmivad mokrZalebuli iyavi! ar daiviwyo, rom movlenebi gangebisa da bedis-weris Sesabamisad viTardeba. danarCeni mxolod ubralo mizezia.~

gulis WeSmaritad mcnobi adamianebi amboben:

`is adamianebi, vinc sakuTar Tavs Seicnoben, Sem-degi sami Tviseba axasiaTebT:

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1. qarsac ki ar awyenineben;

2. sakuTar Tavze saubrisas mokrZlebulni ar-ian;

3. RmerTis qmnilebebs gulisxmierebiTa da Tan-agrZnobiT ucqerian.~

mokled, rom ar awyenino da ar gewyinos, guli im doneze unda ganiwmindo, rom `Sens mosaklavad mosuli, sikeTis msurveli moyvasad aqcio.~

RmerTo, wilad gvargune bedniereba, raTa viyoT nazi, daxvewili da mgrZnobiare gulis patronebi da avmaRldeT am donemde.

amin!

b

mesnevis mixedviT

gamaognebeli siamayemesnevi: `dedamiwa zecas miebara da uTxra: `me

morCili var, rac ginda damawvime!~ (t. 3, 452)

`mzisgan dedamiwas cecxlis wvimac rom daepku-ros, dedamiwa am cecxls saxes miuSvers. mas Tavs ar aaridebs da mis mxurvalebas miwiT daacxrobs; is xom masze upirobodaa mindobili.~ (t. 3, 450)

`adamiano, Sen dedamiwis erTi nawili xar. iq cxovrob da allahis nabrZanebs, bedisweras ar SeewinaaRmdego!

gaiziare aiaTis sibrZne `Tqven miwisgan Segqme-niT,~ rac imas niSnavs, rom allahs surs Senc miwa iyo da RmerTis brZanebebis winaaRmdeg ar gamoxvide!

allahi ambobs: `adamiano, yuradRebiT Sexede

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179n

da mixvdebi, rom Sens miwisgan Seqmnil sxeuls Cemi sulisagan erTi marcvali davumate da sxva arsebebze metad agamaRle. Sen Wkuac giboZe, az-rovnebis unarica da siyvarulic. Sen Cemi siy-varulis mosapoveblad erTi ieriSi kidev miitane da miwad yofna, ese igi Tavmdabloba, Sens Tvise-bad aqcie. amitom mec Sen yvela Cems qmnilebaze maRla dagayeneb.~ (t. 3, 453-456)

zemoT mocemul beiTebSi mevlana ambobs, rom

Tavmdabloba adamianis mTavari, misi bunebisTvis

aucilebeli Tvisebaa. adamianis sxeuli miwisgan

miRebuli sakvebiT sazrdoobs da viTardeba, ami-

tomac misi sxeulis fuZe miwaa. suli ki allahis-

gan aris. is RmerTma sityvis `iqmen~ warmoTqmiTa

da misi ganxorcielebiT Seqmna. is, rac adamians

samyaroSi yvelaze pativsacem arsebad da dedami-

waze, RmerTis `nebis aRmsruleblad~ aqcevs mis

sxeulSi RmerTis mier STaberili sulia. adami-

ani valdebulia iyos im miwasaviT Tavmdabali,

romlisganac Tavad Sedgeba. bunebrivi aucile-

blobaa, rom sxeuls hqondes miwis Tvisebebi, is

xom misi fuZea. magram es bunebrivi Tviseba ori

maxsiaTeblis `gonebisa~ da `neba-survilis~ aras-

wori gamoyenebis Sedegad ziandeba, rac adamians

TavmdablobasTan ganaSorebs da mas `siamayes~

sZens, romelic eSmakis maxasiaTebelia. amis Sed-

egad is Tavis bunebriv saxes kargavs da misT-

vis boZebuli umaRlesi adgilisTvis Seusabamod

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n

iqceva.

imas, rac zecisgan warmoedineba miwa uprotes-

tod iRebs, radgan mas sakuTari neba-survili ara

aqvs. adamianic RmerTis bedisweras mis msgavsad

unda daemorCilos, miendos, uzenaesisgan gardmov-

leniliT kmayofili unda iyos, raTa misi Seqmnis

miznis mwvervals miaRwios. amis srulyofiT is

SeZlebs dedamiwaze Tavisi adgilis, `RmerTis ne-

bis aRmsruleblis~ Sesabamisad cxovrebas.

bmesnevi: weliwadis nebismieri drois Tesli up-

irvelesad miwaSia. is niadags Seereva, aRmocen-deba da Semdeg miwidan amoizrdeba, amaRldeba.

sikeTis yvela safuZveli da mizezi uklebliv zecidan gadmovida da miwis qveS Cavida. amis Sem-deg is sufTa sulis sakvebad iqca.~ (t. 3, 459-460)

sulieri da usulo, dedamiwaze arsebuli yve-

la qmnileba, miwisgan aris Seqmnili. miwisTvis

sxvadasxva formis micemis Semdeg, sulieri arse-

bebi gansxeuldebian. udidesma RmerTma dedami-

wis sami-meoTxedi wyliT dafara, mxolod erTi-

meoTxedi uWiravs xmeleTs. am erTi-meoTxedis

erTi-meoTxedi ocdaaT santimetriani mcenareebis

gasazrdelad aris gankuTvnili. es niSnavs, rom

asprocentiani sazomis farglebSi miwis mxolod

erTi meTeqvsmetedi nawili eTmoba amqveynad mo-

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181n

sul mcenareebs, cxovelebsa da adamianebs. udides-

ma RmerTma is usasrulo cvlilebis kanonebs

daumorCila da uTvalavi sxeulisTvis erTaderT

kapitalad aqcia. samyaros Seqmnidan qveynierebis

aRsasrulamde amqveynad mosuli mcenareebis da

cxovelebis mxolod erTi saxeoba dedamiwaze

erTdroulad rom mosuliyo, adgili da sakvebi

am erTi saxeobisTvisac ki ar iqneboda sakma-

risi. SegiZliaT amis magaliTad naZvi an spilo

moiyvanoT. adamianic igive mdgomareobaSia. yvela

adamiani dedamiwas erTad rom movlenoda, arc

sakvebi eqnebodaT sakmarisi da arc nabijis ga-

dasadgmeli adgili aRar darCebodaT. amis gamo

udidesma RmerTma miwa Tanabrad gaanawila, is

sworad gamoiyena da isini rigrigobiT moavlina

dedamiwaze. sicocxle xom yvela sulieri arsebi-

sTvis miwiT iwyeba da miwiT mTavrdeba.

radgan adamiani miwisgan aris Seqmnili, is

swored misi Tvisebebis matarebelia. miwa dro-

dadro Sreba, sicxisgan xurdeba da wyali enatre-

ba. zamTari ki welSi stexs. magram gazafxulis

wvimebis wyalobiT xelaxla cocxldeba da aTa-

sobiT mSvenieri ferisa da surnelis harmoniuli

warmodgeniT RmerTis Zlierebis anarekls gad-

mogvifens. adamianic asea. amqveyniuri vnebis mor-

evSi ise iryeva, rogorc udabnos qviSa qariSxli-

sas da survilebze damorCilebiT sakuTar Tavs

kargavs. pirovneba mxolod maSin xdeba srulyo-

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n

fili, roca vnebis saxiT dabrkolebas gadalaxavs.

iseve rogorc miwas aniWebs sicocxles gazafxu-

lis wvimebi, adamians wyaloba altruistad aya-

libebs. is TavisTvis naboZeb niWsa da sikeTeebs

allahis kamayofilebis mosapoveblad ise gaiRebs

mowyalebad, rogorc gazafxulis miwa.

wminda mevlanas mier moyvanili marcvlis

magaliTi gviCvenebs, rom im marcvlisgan warmo-

Sobili mcenare, an am mcenarisgan aRmocenebuli

jiSi, sabolood miwas daubrundeba. am kanonzom-

ierebas verc erTi sulieri arseba ver aRudgeba.

is samyaroSi arsebuli uTvalav RvTiur gamov-

linebaTagan erTerTia. ra bednierni arian isini

vinc fiqroben!.. aiaTSi nabrZanebia:

`adamiani daakvirdes rasac sWams! ase rom: wvi-

ma gardmovavlineT; Semdeg miwa davanawevreT da

iqidan naTesebi, venaxi, mwvanili, zeTisxilisa da

xurmis xeebi, msxvili da xSiri baRebi, xexili da

mindvrebi gamoviyvaneT. (yvelaferi es) TqvenTvis

da cxovelebisTvis sasargeblo da gamosadegia.~

(sura abese, aiaTebi 24-32)

bmesnevi: `bednierma da WeSmaritebis Semcnobma

adamianma icis, rom mxolod sakuTari Tavis mo-woneba iblisis (eSmakis) Tvisebaa, siyvaruli da mona-msaxureba ki _ adamisa.

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183n

eSmakis msgavsad sazrianni okeaneSi mcuravebs hgvanan. uzarmazar okeaneSi mocurave adamianis gadarCena xom saeWvoa. is sabolood CaiZireba da STainTqmeba; ese igi is, vinc gonebas miendoba da SariaTis gemSi ar Cajdeba, sabolood ganadgur-deba.

curvas Tavi daanebe, sakuTar moTxovnilebebs nu ayvebi, siZulvilze uari Tqvi! wyali, romelSic Sen curav wyaro an mdinare ar aris, okeanea! es okeane sinamdvileSi bedisweris zRvaa!~ (t. 4, 1402-1404)

rodesac wminda mevlana gonivrulobasa da

sazrianobas eSmakis Tvisebad moixseniebs, is ze-

STagonebiT aRuzrdel, velur gonebas gulisx-

mobs. Torem cnobiereba da goneba sikeTesTan

misaRwevad upirvelesi kapitalia. magram mxolod

es kapitali sakmarisi ar aris, rom misi patroni

uzenaes sikeTesTan miiyvanos. ese igi cnobiereba

saWiro, magram srulyofisTvis arasakmarisi sa-

Sualebaa. amis gamoa, rom islamSi Wkua moxse-

niebulia `naklovan Wkuad~. Wkuis srulyofa sa-

kuTari ukmarisobis SemecnebiT, am ukmarisobis

zeSTagonebasTan dakavSirebiTa da RmerTze min-

dobiTaa SesaZlebeli. Wkua RmerTis mier boZe-

buli didi sikeTea. am sikeTisTvis RmerTis wign-

sa da sunneTs didi mniSvneloba aqvs. winaaRmdeg

SemTxvevaSi misi patroni vnebis tyved iqceva da

ganadgureba ar ascdeba.

o


184

n

mevlana SemTxvevebis samyaros-okeanes, adamians

ki am okeaneSi dasaxrCobad ganwirul mcuravs

adarebs. adamianur Wkuasa da neba-survilze min-

doba da bedisweris gamowveva ugnurebis meti

araferia. radgan goneba da neba-survili RmerTis

neba-survils bolomde Tu ar Seesabameba, veravi-

Tar sasikeTo Sedegs ver miiRebs.

bediswera ki ucnobia. amis gaTvaliswinebiT,

adamianis SesaZleblobebis farglebSi sakuTar

mizezTa gavrcelebisa da neba-survilis gamoyene-

bis Semdeg bedisweraze mindoba xsnis erTaderTi

gzaa.

iseve, rogorc amaoa dauTesav yanaSi mcenaree-

bis aRmocenebis molodini, aseve ar SeiZleba im-

aSi eWvebis gareSe darCena, rom marcvlis mobn-

evis Sedegad yana gaixarebs da gaizrdeba. Teslis

daTesvis kultura adamianisTvis cnobilia. mce-

narisTvis sicocxlis miniWeba ki allahis bedis-

werasa da ZlierebasTanaa dakavSirebuli. amg-

varad, adamianma marcvlis daTesviT `mizezi unda

Seqmnas~ da amis Semdeg unda miendos samyaros

RmerTs, romelic Tavisi neba-surviliT marTavs

qars, wvimas, dros da sxva msgavs movlenebs.

bmesnevi: `RmerTis siyvaruli gamorCeuli mor-

wmuneebisTvis im gems hgavs, romelic Tavs damty-dari ubedurebebisagan umetesobas airidebs da

o

gaognebuli siamaye

185n

gadarCeba.

WeSmaritebis Tanamgzavro! Senc Seelie Wkua-gonebas da aRfrTovaneba SeiZine! radgan goniere-ba da sibrZne moZravi fiqrebisa da sakuTari azriT Sepyrobisagan Sedgeba! aRfrTovaneba ki RmerTis mSvenierebis, Zalisa da xelovnebis dan-axviT gaocebaa!

sakuTari goneba wminda Suamavlis winaSe msx-verplad gaiRe da Tqvi: `CemTvis allahic sakma-risia!~ (t. 4, 1406, 1408)

`Wkua-goneba Sen siamayes gZens.~ (t. 4, 1421)

`Wkua megobris siyvarulisTvis msxverplad gaiRe! WeSmariti azri im mxaresaa, sadac megobaria! radgan sulierebisa da gonivrulobis amosavali wertili RmerTis Secnobaa! amitomac Wkua RvTae-briv samsxverploze miitane!

gonieri adamianebi TavianT gonebas iqiT mimar-Taven, sadac maTi megobari egulebaT, anu meore mxares! Wkua, romelic amqveynad rCeba aris moux-mareli, gamousadegari, romelmac ar icis ra aris siyvaruli, ar uyvars da arc Tavadaa sayvareli.~ (t. 4, 1424-1425)

rogorc zemoT mocemuli beiTebis ganmartebi-

sas aRvniSnavT, gonebis sworad gamoyeneba Sesa-

Zlebelia Tu allahis brZanebebis, RvTiuri wigni-

sa da sunneTis Sesabamisad vimoqmedebT. Tu ase ar

o


186

n

moviqceviT da CavTvliT, rom Wkua usazRvro Zal-

mosilebis patronia, iseve briyvulad moviqceviT,

rogorc WianWvela, romelmac Tavi cxenad war-

moadgina. aqedan gamomdinare, gonebas zeSTagone-

bis ZaliT Smagi cxeniviT Tu ar gavxedniT, is

patrons dausrulebeli pretenziebis Sedegad

ubedurebasTan miiyvans.

Tuki gonebas Seswevs unari, raTa samyaros har-

moniulobasa da mSvenierebaSi RvTiuri Zala da

niWi dainaxos; Tuki aRfrTovanebis grZnoba eqne-

ba ganviTarebuli da Tanac srulyofili rwmenis

patroni iqneba, is SeZlebs sakuTari gonebis uk-

marisobas ufro naTlad miadevnos Tvali.

isini, vinc am aRfrTovanebaSi CaiZirebian,

adamianuri cxovrebisTvis aucilebel Rirseb-

is grZnobas dakargaven da STagonebiT iqnebian

Sepyrobili. es ki, miuxedavad imisa, rom gaoceba

da aRfrTovaneba uzarmazari wyalobaa, miRebu-

li ar aris, uaryofilia! radganac es adamianis

normaluri cxovrebisTvis aucilebeli moTxov-

nilebebis dasustebas iwvevs. aqedan gamomdinare,

sasurvelia STamagoneblis nacvlad mimzidvelis

arCeva. is, vinc mizidulobas ganicdis aRfrTo-

vanebaSia CaZiruli da miaxlovebulia kanonTan

_ `allahi, adamianisTvis sakmarisia~, magram amas-

Tan erTad Tavisi moTxovnilebebic aqvs SenarCu-

nebuli. mevlanas mier mowonebuli siyvaruli da

Tavdaviwyeba, ueWvelia, rom adamianis normaluri

o

gaognebuli siamaye

187n

arsebobisTvis aucilebeli moTxovnebis CarCoeb-Si moqceuli siyvaruli da Tavdaviwyebaa.

bmesnevi: `ra bednieria adamiani, romelic saku-

Tar Tavs daimdablebs!.. xolo ra sacodavia is, romelic sakuTar Tavs mTaze maRla warmoid-gens.

kargad icode, rom siamaye, gandideba, sakuTari Tavis yvelaze maRla dayeneba momakvdinebeli sawamlavia. briyvebi am sawamlaviani RviniT Tvre-bian.~ (t. 4, 2746-2747)

morwmunem, miuxedavad sulieri upiratesobisa, sakuTari TaviT daukmayofilebloba unda ig-rZnos da mokrZalebis gvirgviniT Seimosos, raTa srulyofilebis gzaze winsvlis bedniereba xvdes wilad. vinaidan, isini, vinc Tvlian, rom SesaniS-navni arian, naklis gamosworebas ar cdiloben. da am naklovanebebis arsebobas ar aRiareben es mxolod imaTi saqmea, visac am naklovanebebis da-naxva da Tavmowonebisgan Tavis dacva SeuZlia. amis gamo hadisSi nabrZanebia:

`vinc allahis survilis Sesabamisad mokrZa-lebas gamoiCens, allahi mas erTi safexuriT aa-maRlebs. vinc allahis winaSe gaamaydeba, allahi mas erTi safexuriT daamdablebs da Sedegad, yve-laze dabal safexurze gadaadgilebs.~ (ibn maje,

zuhdi, 16)

o


188

n

aiaTebSi allahis mokrZalebuli mona-msaxure-

bi asea Seqebuli:

`rahmanis (xalasi) mona-msaxurebi isini arian,

vinc dedamiwaze Tavmdablad daabijeben da Tuki

maTTvis ucnobi adamianebi sityvas gadaukraven _

`selam!~ (mSvidobiT) etyvian. (da wavlen ise, rom

maT ar awyenineben!)~ (sura furqani, aiaTi 63)

sxva aiaTis mixedviT RmerTi adamians simayesa

da Tavmowonebas ukrZalavs:

`dedamiwaze gayoyoCebiT ar iaro!.. radgan Sen

(solidurobiTa da qedmaRlobiT) arc miwis gay-

ofa SegiZlia da verc mTebs gaejibrebi sidi-

adeSi!~ (sura isra, aiaTi 37)

`adamianebs dasamcireblad zurgi ar Seaqcio

da dedamiwaze gayoyoCebulma ar iaro! radgan al-

lahs Tavmomwone da amayi aravin uyvars!~ (sura

loymani, aiaTi 18)

imasTan erTad, rom mokrZaleba adamianis Tvise-

ba unda iyos, is ar unda gaxdes mizezi allahis

nawyalobevi sikeTeebis uaryofisa. Cven mxolod

is unda SevimecnoT, rom es sikeTeebi RmerTisgan

momdinareobs. amas religiis mixedviT `sikeTisT-

vis madliereba~ ewodeba, rac niSnavs RmerTis-

gan maTi momdinareobis Semecnebasa da amis gamo

uzenaesisTvis madlobis gadaxdas. es siamaye ar

aris. simayea, roca CaTvli, rom esa Tu is sikeTe

RmerTisgan ki ar momdinaeobs, aramed Sen gekuT-

o

gaognebuli siamaye

189n

vnis. es iseTive egoizmia, romelmac qaruni sab-

olood gaanadgura. aqedan gamomdinare, saWiroa

SevimecnoT, rom mevlana swored amgvari fiqrebis

warmoqmnas umzadebs niadags, roca Wkuis, neba-sur-

vilis, mokrZalebisa da siamayis msgavs cnebebze

saubrobs.

bmesnevi: `Tu erTi mefe meore mefes daamarcxebs

mas an moklavs, an dilegSi Caagdebinebs.

magram Tu igive mefe gaubedurebuls, sacodavsa da dardians daWrils naxavs, Wrilobaze malamos daadebs, mas Seiwyalebs.

sakuTari Tavis sxvaze upiratesad warmodgena momwamvleli rom ar iyos, is gamarjvebul mef-es ar gaaamayebda da damarcxebul, tyved Cavard-nil mefes miuxedavad udanaSaulobisa ar moakv-levinebda!

maSin, is gaubedurebul, dadardianebul adami-ans sikeTes ratom ukeTebs, ratom ecodeba miuxe-davad imisa, rom misi msaxuri ar aris? am or mdgomareobas Tu SevadarebT mivxvdebiT siamaye rogori sawamlavia?~ (t. 4, 2780-2754)

wminda mevlana zemoT mocemul beiTebSi gad-

mocemuli magaliTiT gviCvenebs, rom mokrZaleba

da siamaye sapirispiro poziciebidan momdinare

neba-survilTa gamovlinebaa. marTlacda, daWril

o


190

n

adamians yvela exmareba miuxedavad imisa, rom ar

ician is vin aris, rogori adamiania kargi Tu

cudi. ase imitom xdeba, rom misi tanjuli mdgo-

mareoba adamianebSi mowyalebasa da TanagrZnobas

aRZravs. qedmaRali adamiani mopirdapire mxaris-

gan wamosuli grZnobebis sawinaaRmdegod iqce-

va. mas Tavisi siamaye konkurenciisaken ubiZgebs.

saqme Zalis demonstrirebisaken midis. es imas niS-

navs, miuxedavad imisa rom mokrZaleba adamianis

dardebisa da sisustisagan gamaTavisuflebelia,

mas siamye Tu axlavs Tan, am sikeTes Tavisi xeliT

gaanadgurebs. mokled mokrZaleba da ususuroba

allahis mowyalebas izidavs...

bmesnevi: `imisaTvis, rom boroti adamianebisgan

daexsna, xizirma gemi CaZira, gaafuWa.

Tuki gatexils, ubedurs Sveli Senc gatexili da ubeduri iyavi. xsna da keTildReoba uqon-lobaSia. egoizmisgan, sakuTari arsebisagan gaTa-visufldi, uqonlobas eswrafe.

mTa, romlis gulSi arsebuli madanisgan co-taodeni oqro-vercxlia, bariT miyenebuli Wri-lobebiT nawilebad iqceva.

xmali cocxal adamians kisers Wris. Crdili ki miwazea gawolili; radgan mas arc tani aqvs da arc kiseri gaaCnia, amitom misi daWra SeuZlebe-

o

gaognebuli siamaye

191n

lia.~ (t. 4, 2756-2759)

mevlana zemoT mocemul beiTebSi imave WeS-

maritebas sxvagvarad warmogvidgens. misi azriT,

qedmaRali adamianebi TavianT Rirsebebs marjvniv

da marcxniv gadaWarbebulad gadascemen, isini sa-

pirispiro mxareSi survilebs aRZraven da siZul-

vils zrdian, misi gamowvevis mizezad iqcevian.

cnobilia andaza:

`bulbuls ubedureba enam moutanao.~ es niS-

navs imas, rom bulbulis sasiamovno galoba rom

ara, mas galiaSi aravin Casvamda. marTlacda yvavi

arasdros aravis mouTavsebia galiaSi.

aqedan gamomdinare, imis Tqmac saWiroa, rom Rir-

seuli adamianis metoqeoba, Cveulebriv, amqveyni-

uri, uaryofiTi wesia. Tundac metoqeobis gamwevi

adamiani mudam (Suamavlebis msgavsad) sikeTes Ca-

diodes da Rirseulad iqceodes.

bmesnevi: `amqveyniuri qonebisTvis aTrToleb-

ulo da warmavali Rirebulebebis Tayvanismce-melo daudevaro!.. zustad iseTive cudi zneoba gaqvs, rogoric faraons hqonda! Senc amayi xar, Senc sakuTari Tavi mogwons, Senc qonebasa da vne-bas udgaxar kvalSi! magram SenSi arsebuli gve-leSapi, ese igi vneba ususurebisa da gaWirvebis ormoSia Cavardnili, Zalagamoclilia da fara-

o


192

n

onis msgavsad ver boboqrobs da moqmedebs.

sacodavia! es sityvebi Seni mdgomareobis, Seni cudi xasiaTis gamoa naTqvami; Sen ki maT fara-onis misamarTiT isvri! magram Tuki Sens mdgo-mareobasa da `uxasiaTo~ ganwyobaze Camovardeba sityva guli gagiwvrildeba, ar mogewoneba; sxve-bze naTqvami ki zRaprad mogeCveneba.~ (t. 3, 971-973)

yovel adamianSi `boroteba~ da `suliereba~

Tanabrad devs. vinaidan udidesi RmerTi yuranSi

brZanebs:

`vficav, sulsa da mis momwesrigebels, misTvis

codvilobisa da RvTismoSiSobis STamagonebels!~

(sura Semsi, aiaTebi 7-8)

codva da RvTismoSiSoba adamians mudam Tav-

isken ezideba. amitomac adamianis pirovneba hgavs

saomar vels, sadac erTmaneTs suliereba da boro-

teba ebrZvis.

rodesac adamiani vnebas sZlevs is angelozze

maRla dgeba, xolo rodesac mas emorCileba cx-

ovelze dabla Camoiwevs. sakuTari vnebebis dam-

marcxebeli pirovneba zeciur arsebebs imiT us-

wrebs, rom is RmerTs angeloziviT emsaxureba. (imis

miuxedavad, rom win eRobeba iseTi dabrkoleba

rogoricaa `cdunebis~ _ survili). zemoTqmulis

mixedviT, yvela adamianSi devs faraonis xasiaTi,

magram amavdroulad, maTi pirobebi da SesaZle-

blobebi erTi ar aris. visSi es Tvisebebi mxolod

o

gaognebuli siamaye

193n

ylortebis saxiT aris warmodgenili, visSi kidev

aranormaluradaa gazrdili da ganviTarebuli.

mevlana maT, vinc mkacrad akritikebs istoriaSi

cnobil faraons, mianiSnebs rom ar daiviwyon sa-

kuTar sulSi Cabudebuli patara faraonebis Ses-

axeb. vinaidan, xelsayrel SemTxvevaSi, didia imis

imis albaToba, rom isini `saSiS~ faraonebad gar-

daisaxebian. e.i. Tuki maT ganviTarebis saSualeba

eqnebaT, usamarTlobiTa da egoistobiT cnobil

istoriul faraons ar Camouvardebian.

amgvarad, wminda mevlana maT, vinc sxvebs akri-

tikebs, sakuTar TavSi Caxedvisa da imave Tvisebis

sakuTar TavSi danaxvisken mouwodebs da imazec

mianiSnebs, rom amgvari ganwyoba siamayisagan mom-

dinareobs.

imave azrs, sxva beiTSi, mevlana Semdegnairad

gadmoscems:

`siamaye sakuTar Tavs maRla ayenebs. iseve rogorc Rumels wva axurebs, adamians masSi fes-vgadgmuli siamaye ar asvenebs da mas qonebis, adgil-mamulebis, Cin-medlebis mopovebisaken mi-marTavs.

ori wyaloba, ese igi, adgili da qoneba, sxeuls asuqebs, asqelebs; mas cximiT, xorciTa da sia-mayiT avsebs.~

b

o


194

n

mesnevi: `siamayis gzaze winamZRoli da gzis maCvenebli TviT iblisia; amitom maxeSi pirvelad swored is gaebmeba, Setyuebulic is aris.

qedmaRloba sneulebaa. is iblisis avadmyo-fobaa, roca iblisi egoizmma Seipyro man Tqva: ̀ me adamze ukeTesi var.~ sinamdvileSi es sneuleba yvela arsebis, yvela adamianis sulSi devs.~ (t. 1, 3216)

`mdabali sulis mqonev, mokrZalebiT niRbis miRma egoizmiT Sepyrobilo adamiano!.. Tuki vinme gamocdis mizniT gagabrazebs, agaRelvebs, dagab-nevs, SenSi arsebuli WuWyiani wyali aimRvreva da wylis feri, gamoaSkaravdeba.~ (t. 1, 3218)

cocxal arsebebs Soris vnebiT aRWurvili ada-

mianebi da jinebi arian. cnobili Sexedulebis

mixedviT, eSmaki manam sanam allahs aujanydeboda,

`angelozebis maswavlebeli~ iyo, magram imis gamo,

rom is jinebis modgmidanaa _ vneba gaaCina. ami-

tomac maSin, roca RmerTma adamisTvis sejdis Ses-

ruleba brZana, mas angelozebi uyoymanod daemor-

Cilnen, eSmakma ki Seadara da gauCnda pretenzia,

rom TviTon cecxlisgan Seqmnili arseba, miwisgan

Seqmnil adamze maRla idga da misTvis sejdis

Sesrulebaze uari Tqva. udidesma allahma ise,

rom eSmakisTvis ar ukiTxavs: `Tqven Soris rome-

lia upiratesio?~ _ mas sejdes Sesrulebaze mor-

Cileba mosTxova. magram eSmakma udidesi RmerTis

es brZaneba arafrad Caagdo da mzakvruli fiqri

o

gaognebuli siamaye

195n

daebada. Tuki Cvenc egoisti eSmakis msgavsad

udidesi RmerTis brZanebebs ar davemorCilebiT,

maTgan gasaqcev gzebs movZebniT da am akrZalvebi-

sTvis Tavis asarideblad Cveni ususuri gonebiT

gamosavlis Ziebas daviwyebT, igive ubedureba dag-

vatydeba Tavs, rac eSmaks. magaliTad, Tuki procen-

tiT fulis gacemas sarfian saqmed gaixdian da

ityvian: ̀ me amis meSveobiT gamdidreba da sikeTisa

da RvTismosavobis qmna msurso!~

rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, vnebis cdunebas

pirvelad eSmaki mihyva da RmerTis brZanebas

ar daemorCila. yovelia msgavsi qmedebis wyaro

_ siamayea da is eSmaks miewereba, `eSmakiseul

qmedebadaa~ miCneuli. wminda mevlana maT, vinc sia-

mayis gamo RmerTs zurgi aqcies _ eSmakis morCi-

lebs uwodebs. amitom, isini vinc eSmakis msgavsad

moiqcevian, mis msgavsad uaryofa da wyvela ar

ascdebaT.

b

sadac `egoizmi~ da `urCoba~ Cndeba, iq adgilisa da rangis Tayvaniscema

iwyeba. iq mowyaleba ver gamovlindeba, radgan egoizmi da sijiute sulieri cxovrebis kiboa.

i

gamaognebeli siamaye

gamaognebeli siamaye

patara Tagvs aqlemis veeberTela avSari gaeg-lija, xelSi aeRo da medidurad midioda. aqlemi Tavisi xasiaTis da morCili bunebis gamo masTan erTad ganagrZnobda gzas. Tagvi ver amCnevda Tav-is simcires da gayoyoCebuli ambobda:

`Turme ra saocari falavani vyofilvar, vaJka-ci, romelsac aqlemis gaTreva SeuZlia!~

ase, siarulSi, mdinares miadgnen. mdinaris danax-vaze Tagvi gaocebuli gaSeSda. aqlemma ki, romel-mac misi simaye SeniSna, mravalmniSvnelovnad uTxra:

`mTisaken, mindvrisaken Cemo amxanago! ratom gaC-erdi? ase ram gagaoca? midi, mdinareSi vaJkacurad Sedi. Sen Cemi megzuri, winamZRoli ara xar? gzis SuagulSi ase gaocebuli darCena gekadreba?~

dabneulma Tagvma amoiluRluRa:

`amxanago! es wyali Zalian didi, Zalian Rrmaa, daxrCobis meSinia.~

aqlemi wyalSi Sevida da uTxra:

`brma Tagvo! wyali muxlamde mwvdeba, SiSi saWiro ar aris!~

gamouval mdgomareobaSi Cavardnilma da Ser-cxvenilma Tagvma, aRiara:

`niWiero aqlemo! mdinare SenTvis WianWvelis, CvenTvis ki gveleSapis odenaa. radgan muxlidan

199n

o


200

n

muxlamde gansxvaveba arsebobs. Cemi msgavsi asi muxli erTmaneTze rom SevawyoT Seni erTi mux-lisodena Zlivs iqneba.~

maSin Wkvianma aqlemma Tagvs urCia:

`Tu asea, siamayem ar Segacdinos da uzrde-lobam ar Segipyros, sazRvari icode! sakuTari Sexedulebis mixedviT moqmedebam daudevrobamde ar migiyvanos da ar gaTamamde; radgan allahs Tamamebi ar uyvars!.,.

wadi da Sens msgavs Tagvebs daetole!~

aqlemis rCeviT darcxvenilma Tagvma mas mimar-Ta:

`vnanob, allahis xaTriT, am momakvdinebel, damaxrCobel wyalze gamatare!~

aqlemma mowyaleba gamoiCina. is Seecoda da uTxra:

`modi, acocdi da Cems kuzze dajeqi! am wyalSi gavla an sxvebis gayvana Cemi saqmea. radgan Cemi movaleobaa Sens msgavs sust arsebebs movemsax-uro.~

aqlemma Tagvi mdinaris meore napirze gaiyvana.

mesnevSi wminda mevlanas gadmocemuli zRapris mixedviT, es Tagvi, sxvebze maRla sakuTari Tavis warmomdgeni, didi saqmeebis gasakeTeblad momzade-buli, gayoyoCebuli adamianis simboloa. aqlemi ki momTmen, gamocdil, moxerxebul da srulyofil

o

gaognebuli siamaye

201n

adamians ganasaxierebs.

wminda mevlanas surda am novelaSi uamravi Wkuis saswavlebeli fiqri da grZnoba, areklil-iyo. naambobis TiToeuli winadadeba xom gamWri-axobis okeanea. mevlana Semdeg maxvilsityvaobeb-sac ar iSurebs:

`Tavdapirvelad, iblisi angelozebSi Zalian cnobili iyo, amitom sakuTari Tavis maTze maRla dayenebas mieCvia. am Cvevis wyalobiT gaTamamda da allahis brZanebis sidiade da STambeWdaoba ver SeamCnia. man adami mdablad warmoidgina.. ris gamoc yvelaze mdabali arsebis samwuxaro dasas-ruli swored mas ergo..

icode, rom spilenZi sanam oqrod ar gardaisax-eba, ar icis rom spilenZia. gulic manam ver xe-davs sakuTar Secdomebs da sulmdablobas, sanam sulierad saTanado safexuramde ar amaRldeba. gulo! suli siamayis ufskrulisgan ixseni da Senc spilenZiviT siyvarulis eleqsirs emsaxure da oqrod iqeci! gulebis dampyrobel sayvarels daemorCile!

es sayvarlebi isini arian, visac guli ucemT da iseve gaeyrebian amqveyanas, rogorc dRe da Rame erTad Seyris Semdeg...~

zemoT moTxrobili, kidev erTxel gviCvenebs, rom iq sadac `egoizmi~ da `sijiute~ iCens Tavs adgilisa da rangis Tayvaniscema iwyeba. iq mowy-alebas adgili ara aqvs, radgan siamaye da urCoba

o


202

n

sulieri cxovrebis kiboa.

egoizmisa da sijiutis upirvelesi wyaro al-lahis Zalis winaSe aRdgomaa. ese igi, miuxedavad imisa, roca vrceli udabnos qviSisgan erTi cal-ic ki ar gekuTvnis, Sen mainc Sens adgilsa da al-lahis mier naboZebi sikeTeebis anabrobas iviwyeb. anu roca sakuTar Tavs gadaWarbebulad afaseb _ siamayea. siamaye ki, ueWveliad adamians sakuTar Tavs imaze ufro Zliers, moxerxebulsa da niWi-ers warmoudgens, vidre sinamdvileSia. ase rom, ne-bismier arsebas ra Zalac ar unda gaaCndes, unda axsovdes, rom is udidesi RmerTis nawyalobevia! sacodavni arian, vinc am WeSmaritebas ver Seimec-neben! cnobilia, rom faraons da nemruds siamayem RmerTobaze gamoacxdebina pretenzia da Sedegad RvTis SurisZieba daimsaxures.

amitomac udidesi RmerTi allahis Suamavalsa da mis Tanamimdevrebs didi gamarjvebebis Semdeg, mudmivad, mokrZalebisa da RmerTze mindobisaken mouwodebda da xels uSlida maTSi vnebis aRor-Zinebasa da aboboqrebas. islamuriıwarmatebuli brZolis _ bediris gamarjvebis erT-erT pirobad dasaxelebula is, rom morwmuneebs maTi gulwr-felobis Sesabamisad, Tavdapirvelad aTasi, Semdeg sami aTasi, Semdeg ki xuTi aTasi angelozi gamoeg-zavnaT:

`...(Cemo Suamavalo!) orTabrZolis dros Sen ar isrodi, allahi isroda!..~ (sura enfali, aiaTi 17)

o

gaognebuli siamaye

203n

amgvari aRzrdis wyalobiT, allahis Suamava-li da misi Tanamimdevrebi yvela muslimanisTvis magaliTs warmoadgenen. wminda Suamavalma xom meqis dapyrobis dros am qalaqis macxovrebelTa gulebi daimorCila. roca is wminda mxareSi Se-dioda, aqlemze ise ki ar ijda, rogorc gamarjveb-uli, aramed RmerTisadmi madlierebis gamoxatvis mizniT _ sejdes Sesrulebis mdgomareobaSi.

es mdgomareoba qvemoT gacxadebuli wesis cod-nis maCvenebelia.

`sakuTari Tavis mcnobi RmerTs icnobs!..~ (ajlu-

ni, qeSful hafa, II, 361)

adamiani, romelic sjerdeba amqveyniur Tavis xvedrsa da mdgomareobas, cxovrebas mSvidad agr-Zelebs. ese igi is, Semoqmedisa da misi brZanebe-bis SemecnebiT cxovrobs. Tuki WianWvela gadaw-yvets spilos SeeWidos, amas imitom akeTebs, rom Tavisi sisuste ar aqvs gaTavisebuli. is adami-anic, romelic RmerTs mona-msaxurebas uwevs, ma-gram simayis WaobSia Cafluli, sakuTar Tavs ar icnobs da RmerTis winaSe mxolod damalobanas TamaSobs. amitomac, yvelaze mniSvnelovania _ sa-kuTari Tavisa da am gziT, RmerTis Secnoba!

vinc sakuTar Tavs icnobs, mas siamaye arasdros Seipyrobs. piriqiT, ufro mokrZalebuli da idu-mali gaxdeba.

sakuTari Tavis Semcnobi adamianis, magaliTad, wminda huseinis ambavs warmogidgenT:

o


204

n

erT dRes wminda huseini gzad Raribebs Sexvda, romlebic puris natexebs Wamdnen. Raribebma is maTTan Semdegi sityvebiT miiwvies:

`allahis mona-msaxuro! mobrZandi, miirTvi!~

wminda huseini amayi adamiani ar iyo da saerTod sZagda siamaye. amitomac cxenidan maSinve Camoxta da maTTan erTad Wama daiwyo. Wamis damTavrebi-sTanave Suamavlis SviliSvilma Tqva:

`me Tqveni miwveva miviRe. axla ki me gepati-JebiT Tqven! mobrZndiT Cems saxlSi!~ glaxakebi daemorCilnen da yvelam erTad gaswia misi sax-lisken, sadac saWmeli miirTves.

bvinc sakuTar Tavs icnobs, RmerTisadmi mudmi-

vad madlierebas ganicdis da qeds uxris mas.

sakuTari Tavis mcnobebi maradiul bednierebas imzadeben.

sakuTari Tavis mcnobebi udidesi allahis, al-lahis Suamavlisa da morwmuneTa megobrebi arian da maradisobis qaravans uerTdebian.

xolo vinc sakuTar arsebas ar icnobs, yovel-gvar RvTaebriv silamazes moklebulia. rogorc Seih sadi ambobs:

`vinc CaTvlis, rom miwis Txilis msgavsi guli aqvs, is xaxvis msgavs kans gadaiZrobs.~

o

gaognebuli siamaye

205n

aseT adamianebs wminda mevlana Semdegnairad afrTxilebs:

`daudevaro adamiano! Tu Suamavali ar xar, Tu sxvebisagan ambavs ar iReb da morCilebic ar gyavs am gzaze sazRvari mainc icode, Sens mwkriv-Si darCi, win ar waxvide! WeSmaritebis gzaze mx-olod didi wmindanis ukan iare, rom erT dRes borotebis ormodan amoxvide da wminda iusufis msgavsad azrTa mefe gaxde.

Tuki WeSmaritebaSi ar Caikargebi da misiT ar ametyveldi, barem yuric dageluqos! raimes Tqmas Tu daapireb SekiTxvis forma mieci, rom sityve-bi savaldebulos swavlaSi gamogadges! mefeebis mbrZanebelTan ise isaubre rogorc arafris mqone upovarma!

siamaye da siZulvili, vnebisa da survilebi-sagan, gansakuTrebiT ki, qarunis amqveyniuri mis-wrafebebaTa gadaWarbebuli siyvarulisgan mom-dinareobs. es gadaWarbebuli grZnobebi gulSi Tu ganTavsdeba da darCeba, fesvebs gaidgams da Cveulebad iqceva.

Tuki xasiaTis sificxe Cveulebrivad geqceva, im adamians gauwyrebi, vinc Seecdeba masze uari gaTqmevinos, imas gauwyrebi. es gabrazeba sabo-lood siZulvils gamoiwvevs. isinic ki, vinc ker-pebs scemen Tayvans, kerpebis Tayvaniscemas Tavi-anT Tvisebad aqceven da vinc Seecdeba maTi am gzidan CamoSorebas, mas mtrad CaTvlian.~

o


206

n

imasTan erTad, rom siamaye saZulveli da dasag-mobia, sabraloa is, vinc misi zegavlenis qveS moeqceva. mowyalebis ramdenime gamovlineba ar-sebobs. maTgan erT-erTi Rarib da sabralo ada-mianze metad, amayi adamianis Secodebis unaria. radgan, erTi SexedviT, qedmaRali adamiani sinamd-vileSi sindisCaZinebuli, vnebis tyvedqceuli, mona-msaxurebis uarmyofi da eSmakis amxanagad qceuli sabralo adamiania.

RmerTo Cveno, Cveni gulebi siamayisa da Tav-gasulobisgan daifare! gvaqcie sakuTari Tavis Semcnob, RvTisamsxurebis Semsrulebel morwmune mona-msaxurebad!

amin!

siamaye sakuTari Tavis garda sxvebis arad Cagdeba daö mdablad

warmodgenaa; Tavmowoneba ki sakuTari pirovnebis sxvebze upiratesad

CaTvlaa. siamaye da Tavmowoneba erTmaneTisgan ganuyofeli negatiuri

cnebebia. am senis Sedegi saaqaoSi _ mousvenroba, saiqioSi ki RvTiuri

satanjvelis miRebaa.

i

gulis Zirmagara

siamaye da Tavmowoneba

gulis Zirmagara


udidesma RmerTma saaqao gamosacdel adgilad Seqmna, adamians ki sikeTisa da borotebis Cadenis unari erTnairad uboZa. aqedan gamomdinare, yove-li adamianis Sinagani samyaro marTalisa da tyui-lis, sikeTisa da borotebis dapirispirebisa da orTabrZolis asparezia. imisaTvis, rom adamianma am brZolaSi gamarjveba SeZlos da samoTxe moi-povos, udidesma RmerTma mas WeSmaritebis gidebad Suamavlebi uwyaloba.

am RvTiuri daxmarebis miuxedavad, adamianTa didi nawili daudevrad iqceva da maTSi arse-bul gaSmagebul vnebas emorCileba. ris Sedega-dac isini yvelaze cud Tvisebebs _ siamayesa da Tavmowonebas iZenen.

siamaye ara marto sakuTari Tavis Seucnoblo-ba, aramed sxva adamianebis mdablad warmodgena, maTi daufaseblobaa.ş Tavmomwone pirovneba Tavs sxvebze maRla ayenebs. siamaye da Tavmomwoneoba erTmaneTisgan ganuyofeli negatiuri cnebebia. am senis Sedegi _ saaqaoSi winaaRmdegobrivi da mousvenari arseboba, saiqioSi ki RvTiuri satan-jvelis miRebaa. es sazizRari Tvisebebi adamianis gulsa da mis maRal zneobas Soris Camofarebuli fardaa, romelic sulier katastrofas iwvevs.

amay da Tavmomwone adamians stanjavs garS-emomyofTa damdablebul mdgomareobaSi danax-

209n

o


210

n

vis survili, amitomac msgavsi pirovnebebi iseTi boroti vnebebis matareblad iqcevian, rogorebi-caa: `brazi, siZulvili, tyuili, ciliswameba da mrisxaneba~, ris Sedegadac suli iwamleba. meore mxriv, is `Tavmdablobis, gulisxmierebis, gulwr-felobis, sisworis, mcirediT kmayofilebis~ e.i. siamayisa da qedmaRlobis sapirispiro dadebiT Tvisebebs emSvidobeba. radgan es jojoxeTuri Tvisebebi, romlebic adamians samoTxis damkvi-drebaSi xels uSlis, zneobriv RirebulebebTan erTad ver Tanaarseboben.

Suamavlis TanamimdevarTagan wminda jabiri gadmogvcems:

erT dRes allahis SuamavalTan mivedi da kar-ebze davakakune. wminda Suamavalma mkiTxa:

`vin aris?~

`me var!~ _vupasuxe

amaze allahis Suamavalma gaimeora:

`me var, me var!~ _ mgoni, es pasuxi ar moewona. (buhari, isTizan, 17) (komentatorebi am hadisis gan-martebisas Semdegs amboben: wminda Suamavals ja-biris mier `mes~ warmoTqma ar moewona, radgan sityva `me~ siamayes Seicavs).

brZenTa sulTani wminda mevlana am hadisis max-vilsityvaobebs emociuri da gulismieri sityve-biT ase ganmartavs:

o


211n

`erTi adamiani megobris karebTan mivida da daakakuna. megobarma iqidan gamosZaxa:

`saimedo adamiano,ö vin xar?~

karebTan myofma upasuxa:

`me var!~

megobarma uTxra:

`Tu asea, wadi! SenTvis jer SigniT Semosvlis dro ar damdgara, radgan sulieri sikeTeebiT gaw-yobil sufrasTan gauTleli adamianis adgili ar aris.

gauTlelma da Camouyalibebelma adamianma wi-naaRmdegobisa da dardis garda sxva ra SeiZleba moumzados sakuTar Tavs? orpirobisgan mas ra ixsnis?

am sityvebis mosmenis Semdeg is sacodavi kaci karebidan mitrialda da zustad erTi weli ix-etiala. megobarTan ganSorebam is daamwuxra. ma-gram guldamwvari da ganSorebis cecxliT Sep-yrobili Seyvarebuli isev dabrunda da kvlav megobris saxlis garSemo daiwyo siaruli. man imis SiSiT, rom piridan sayvareli megobrisadmi gulsatkeni sityva ar amoscdenoda, aRelvebulma, karebze, msubuqad daakakuna.

megobarma ikiTxa:

`karebze vin akakunebs?~

`Cemi gulis mimtacebelo! karebTanac Sen xar.

o


212

n

`Tuki, axla, Sen `me~ xar. mev, Cemgan Semdgaro, SigniT Semodi! es saxli viwroa, am saxlSi ori me-s samyofi adgili ar aris. nemsis yunwSi gasay-van Zafs Tu gavyofT, is gaormagdeba da nemsSi ve-Rar gava. raki Sen marto darCi da erTi xar, modi am nemsis yunwSi gaZveri!~ (t. 1, 3056-3064)

es niSnavs, rom Seyvarebuli sanam sayvarlis mdgomareobas ar gaiziarebs namdvili megobari ver gaxdeba. amis gamcnobierebelma, srulyofile-bas miRweulma, kacma dasmul SekiTxvas Signidan gamoexmaura: `vin aris?~

`erTi me, romelic Tavidan bolomde Sen xar!~ da amgvarad amcno, rom isic imave safexurze im-yofeboda, razec misi megobari.

wminda mevlana Txrobas Semdegnairad avi-Tarebs:

`vnebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli egoizmis gavlenis qveS moqceuli adamiano! modi, SigniT Semodi! Sen ukve aRar xar baRSi amosuli vardis namati eka-li! Sen axla vardebis xelmwife xar!

ra bednieria adamiani, vinc Tavs araraobad mi-iCnevs, ra sacodavia is, visac Tavi sxvaze upi-ratesad warmoudgenia! kargad icode, rom amg-vari siamaye da Tavmowoneba gamanadgurebeli sawamlavia. da, sulelia is, vinc am momwamvleli RviniT mTvrali, sakuTar Tavs arsebad, pirovne-bad aRiqvamen.

o


213n

am Sxamnarevi eleqsiris damlevi, Tavdapirve-lad, sixaruliT gaaqnevs Tavs, magram cota xanSi sakuTar adamianobas daemSvidobeba da Sercxve-nili iqneba.

goniero adamiano! kargad icode, rom xmali adamians kisers Wris, Crdils ki, romelic miwazea gawolili, imis gamo, rom mas kiseri da tani ara aqvs, zians ver miayenebs.

WeSmaritebas acdenilo adamiano! sakuTar Tavze gadaWarbebuli warmodgenisa, siamayes da Tavmoy-vareobaSi CaZirva, cecxlSi SeSis SenTebas hgavs. da, rogor bedav amgvar cecxlTan miaxloebas, sa-kuTar Tavs cecxlSi rogor agdeb?

yuradRebiT daakvirdi da dainaxav, rom miwasTan Serwymuli Crdilebi SeiZleba isrebisTvis sam-izne gaxdes?

aseve, miwidan Tavis amRebi da sakuTari arsebis warmomCeni, gayoyoCebuli adamiani im isrebis sam-izne xdeba, romlebic mas dacxrilavs, gaanadgu-rebs da gamouval mgomareobaSi Caayenebs.~

aiaTebSi nabrZanebia:

`maTi siglaxakis gamo adamianebs zurgi ar Seaqcio da dedamiwaze gayoyoCebulma ar iaro! radgan allahs Tavmomwone, gaamayebuli adamiane-bi ar uyvars! ecade, siarulisas bunebrivi iyo. xma daidable!..~ (sura loymani, aiaTebi 18-19)

`dedamiwaze qedmaRlurad nu ivli!.. radgan Sen

o


214

n

(solidurobiTa da qedmaRlobiT) arc miwis gay-ofa SegiZlia da verc mTebs gaejibrebi sidi-adeSi!~ (sura isra, aiaTi 37)

erT dRes allahis Suamavalma ase brZana:

`visac gulSi iotisodena rwmena mainc aqvs is jojoxeTSi ar Seva. magram, visac gulSi ioti-sodena siamaye aqvs _ samoTxes ver daimkvidrebs.~ (muslimi, imani, 148-149)

Suamavlis am gancxadebaze, (romelic gviCven-ebs Tu raoden didi saganZuria maradiuli bed-nierebisTvis gulSi arsebuli rwmena, xolo amis sawinaaRmdegod, cxovrebisTvis sulis momwam-vleli siamaye, raoden didi ubedurebaa saiqio) erT-erTma Tanamimdevrama Tqva:

àllahis Suamavlo! nuTu adamians lamazi tansacmeli an lamazi fexsacmeli ar miiz-idavs?~

Suamavalma upasuxa:

ùeWvelia, allahi lamazia da mas silamaze uy-vars. siamaye da sikeTeebis Tavis sakuTrebad CaT-vla RmerTis uaryofa da adamianebis damdable-baa.~ (muslimi, imani, 147; Tirmizi, birri, 61)

allahis Suamavali ambobda, rom gulqva, uxeS da Zunw adamianebTan erTad amayi adamianebic jo-joxeTis mkvidrni iqnebian.

àllahi arasodes Sexedavs mowyale TvaliT

o


215n

mas, visac siamayis gamo tansacmeli Zirs dasT-revs.~ (muslimi, libasi, 42)

sxva hadisSi, romelic aseve metyvelebs Tu raoden didi danaSaulia qedmaRloba da ampar-tavneba, nabrZanebia:

`erTi Tavmomwone adamiani lamazi tansacmliT morTuliyo, Tmebi daevarcxna da amayad miabijeb-da. allahma is mdabiod aqcia miwas gautola. is pirovneba qveynierebis aRsasrulamde forTxvas ver morCeba.~ (buhari, enbia, 54; muslimi, libasi, 49-50)

b`erTxel, samoTxe da jojoxeTi waekidnen erT-

maneTs:

jojoxeTma Tqva:

_ `CemSi tiranebi da amayebi arian.~

samoTxem miugo:

_ `CemSi ki sustebi da upovarni.~

udidesma allahma maTi dava Semdegnairad moag-vara:

`samoTxev! Sen Cemi wyalobis saxe xar, Seni sa-SualebiT SemiZlia is Seviwyalo, vinc amas im-saxurebs. jojoxeTo! Sen ki Cemiısatanjveliıxar da Seni saSualebiT davsji mas, vinc gamarisxebs. amitom, me orive Tqvengans gavavseb.~ (muslimi, jen-

neTi, 34)

o


216

n

b`amayi adamiani, am negatiuri Tvisebis gamo,

sabolood usamarTloTa sazogadoebaSi moxdeba. amitom usamarTloTa sasjels Tavadac daimsax-urebs.~ (Tirmizi, birri, 61)

bsiamayesa da Tavmowonebas saTave eSmakma daudo

da nemrudis, faraonis, qarunisa da abu jahilis msgavsi uamravi briyvis samwuxaro dasasruli ganapiroba. am sabraloTa nusxa imdenad grZelia, rom daTvla SeuZlebelia.

yuranSic siamayis pirvel warmomadgenlad eS-maki iTvleba. man uzenaesis brZaneba, `adams sejde Seusrule!~ _ ar Seasrula, vinaidan Tavi sxvaze upiratesad warmoidgina da Sedegad, am siamayem, urwmunoebasTan miiyvana. udidesi allahi eSmakis amgvar saqcielze brZanebs:

`...namdvilad aRzevebuli xar Tu gayoyoCdi?~ (sura sadi, aiaTi 75)

am sityvebis mixedviT RmerTi acxadebs, rom eS-makis mier sejdes Seusruleblobas namdvil ama-RlebasTan araviTari kavSiri ara aqvs, is mxolod da mxolod ampartavnebis warmodgenaa.

es niSnavs, rom sakuTari `me-s~ gaidialeba su-lier gzaze dabrkoleba da erTgvari sneulebaa. miuxedavad imisa, rom eSmaki angelozebis maswav-

o


217n

lebeli iyo, is Tavisi egoizmis gamo maradiulad dazaralda.

nemrudic wminda ibrahimis `monoTeistur rwme-nas~ siamayem aumxedra. man Tqva:

`me ibrahimis mier gacxadebul zecier Rmer-Ts oms vucxadeb.~ magram man amgvari yoyoCobiTa da Tavisi sidiadis warmodgeniT garSemomyofebs Zala da didebuleba ki ara, piriqiT ugunureba da simdable aCvena.

abu jahilma da sxvebma, miuxedavad imisa, rom Sinaganad swamdaT allahis Suamavlis is vneb-is mizeziT mainc uaryves. vinaidan, im droisT-vis, morwmuneTa umravlesobas sustebi da monebi Seadgendnen, maT rigebSi Cadgomis ufleba ki Ta-vianTma siamayem ar misca. sibriyvemac Semdegi si-tyvebi aTqmevina:

`...es yurani, ori qalaqisgan did adamians rom movlineboda ar SeiZleboda?~ (sura zuhrufi, aiaTi 31)

wminda Suamavali Tavisi uwmindesi misiisa da misi didi sikeTis miuxedavad, madlierebas ki ara, did winaaRmdegobas, abuCad agdebas, Seuracxyofa-sa da Sewuxebas waawyda.

faraonma vezir hamans uTxra:

`gamomwvari agurisagan maRali koSki amiSene, egeba musas RmerTi davinaxoo.~

ugunurTa jaWvidan uaxloesi istoriis erT-

o


218

n

erTma warmomadgenelma, rusma astronavtma, ga-garinma Tqva:

`zecaSi RmerTs ar Sevxvedrivar.~

es xom sxva araferia garda, faraonis sisule-lis ganmeorebisa.

brwmeniTa da maRali zneobiT gulebis aRzrda

mxolod da mxolod siamayisa da Tavmoyvareobis ugulebelyofiTaa SesaZlebeli. imaze daufiqre-bloba _ sadan movediT, an ugulebelyofa _ sadac unda wavideT, udidesi RmerTis brZanebebisadmi dapirispireba da siamayeSi CaZirva, samwuxaro daudevrobaa, romelic saiqioSi saSineli siR-atakiT Semogvibrundeba. aucilebelia, arasdros dagvaviwydes, rom siamayem da Tavmowonebam uam-ravi xelmwife da usamarTlo keisari gaanadgura, faraoni ki Sua zRvaSi gamouval mdgomareobaSi, gardauvali sikvdilis winaSe eulad datova.

saaqao da saiqio cxovrebisTvis esoden sazia-no siamayisa da qedmaRlobisagan ganTavisufle-ba, sxva uaryofiTi Tvisebebis msgavsad, sakuTari Tavis kontrolis saSualebiT SeiZleba. amisTvis sakmarisia, guliT mivendoT allahis brZanebebsa da akrZalvebs. radgan yvelaze srulyofilad is-lams SeuZlia, ara marto siamayisa da ampartavneb-isagan, aramed yvela msgavsi uaryofiTi Tvisebisa-gan gauvnebelyofa da maTi dadebiTi TvisebebiT

o


219n

Secvla. am sikeTeebis cxovrebaSi gasatareblad allahis Suamavals unda mivbaZoT, misi cxovre-ba xom gasaTvaliswinebeli saqmeebiT aRsavse okeanea. allahis kmayofilebis mosapoveblad, saWiroa misi brZanebebis sworad Seswavla, xolo maT Sesasruleblad unda SevecadoT mTeli Cveni Zalisxmeva gamoviyenoT da mivbaZoT allahis Sua-mavals. es saqmis mxolod garegnuli mxarea da, ra Tqma unda, sulieri mxarec arsebobs. es aris udidesi RmerTisadmi mudmivi vedreba, akrZalve-bisadmi morideba da amgvarad, maRali zneobiT aRWurva. vinaidan harami sarCo da daudevari qmedebebi, negatiuri energiis miwodebis gziT, Se-mecnebas bindavs.

amave dros, yuradReba unda mivaqcioT visTan vmegobrobT. radgan sulierad ganwmendil da amaRlebul adamianebTan yofna sasargebloa da amitom maTi sulierebisgan unda visargebloT. yvela am sulier kriteriums Tu davemorCilebiT, uaryofiTi energia veRar dagvZvlevs. RvTismosav da sando adamianebTan erTad yofna Zalian mniS-vnelovania, radgan maTi Sinagani ganwyoba gadamde-bia. adamians xom sayvareli adamianisgan uaryofi-Ti an dadebiTi energia gadaedeba. amitomac, is valdebulia yuradReba miaqcios im adamianebs, visTan erTadac imyofeba.

udidesi RmerTi aiaTSi brZanebs:

`morwmuneno! allahis geSinodeT da sandoebT-an erTad iyaviT!~ (sura Tevbe, aiaTi 119)

o


220

n

radganac sando da saTno adamianebTan yofna imis winapirobaa, rom maTi mdgomareoba Cvenzec gadmova.

meore mxriv, adamianis bunebaSi arsebuli sia-mayis grZnoba, orlesuli maxviliviT sasikeTodac SeiZleba iqnes gamoyenebuli da borotebisTvisac. amitomac misaRebia am Tvisebis mTlianad ara Tu ganadgureba, aramed misi gakontroleba.

radgan SeiZleba iseTi situacia Seiqmnas, sadac adamianis bunebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli siamayis gamoyeneba nebadarTuli da saWiroc ki iqneba. amis erT-erTi magaliTia:

`siamayeze siamayiT dapirispireba mowyalebaa.~ (munavi, feizul yadir, IV, gv. 366/5299)

e.i. islamisTvis miuRebeli, zRvargadasuli ur-wmunoebisa da codvilobis winaaRmdeg misi pa-tivisa da Rirsebis dacvis mizniT gamoyenebuli siamaye _ mowonebulia. vinaidan, Tuki aseT SemTx-vevaSi, es bunebrivi kapitali samarTlianad da dadebiTad iqneba gamoyenebuli is darbaislobis saxels miiRebs.

darbaislobac, mokrZalebis msgavsad, saqebari zneobaa. udidesi RmerTi aiaTSi Tavis sayvarel mona-msaxurs Semdegnairad axasiaTebs:

`(is RvTismosavi mona-msaxurebi) cru mowmed ar dadgebian, mosawoni sityvebiT Tu Sexvdebian dar-baislurad (iqidan) wavlen.~ (sura furyani, aiaTi 72)

iseve rogorc samarcxvino da sazizRari

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221n

saqcielia siamayis gamoCena iq, sadac mokrZale-baa saWiro, darbaislobis saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi mokrZalebis gamovlenaa sircxvili.

adamianSi arsebuli nebismieri niWis Sesabami-si sazomiTa da (islamis) CarCoebiT gamoyenebaa saWiro. cxovrebis unomro saTvaliT xedva da misi erTferovnad gatareba, islamis Tvalsaz-risiT, arc mosawonia da arc sasurveli. radgan, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, sawamlavic samkurnalo saSualebaa.

mokled, maradiuli bednierebisTvis Cveni cx-ovrebis RvTis brZanebis Sesabamisad gatarebaa saWiro da am brZanebebis Sesrulebisas ki (logi-kis Semecnebis TvalsazrisiT) didi mgrZnobelo-bis gamoCena unda SevZloT.

udidesma RmerTma agvacilos RvTiuri SurisZie-bisa da satanjvelis gamomwvevi sazizRari Tvise-bebi. gvaqcios iseT mona-msaxurebad, romlebic atareben islamis Rirsebasa da sidarbaisles, al-lahis Zalisa da didebulebis winaSe ki Tavis araraobas Seimecneben da iqcevian aiaTis:

`...rahmanis (mgrZnobiare) mona-msaxurebi dedami-waze mokrZalebiT dadian...~ _ (sura furqani, aiaTi 63) _ Sesabamisad.

amin!

mesnevis mixedviT

ugulisyurobisgan xsnamesnevi: `imis gamo, rom samyaroSi yvelaferi

misi siyvarulis tyvea, ZaRlis yefac ki RmerTi-sadmi mizidulobis gamoxatulebaa. saerTod yve-lafers, rac uflisadmia mimarTuli, gzaze dab-rkoleba eRobeba. ZaRlis movaleba xom saxlis dacva, patronis faris yaraulobaa. mas es dab-rkoleba rom ar hqonoda, ZaRlebic RmerTisadmi mizidulobis gamo, mTebSi ixetialebdnen, yvela RmerTis mejnuni gaxdeboda.

iseve rogorc, ashabi qehfis ZaRli, mizidulo-bis wyalobiT, leSis Wamisgan ganTavisuflebul iqna da xelmwifeTa xelmwifis sufrasTan iqna mipatiJebuli.

is ZaRli, imis gamo, rom ashabi qehfis megobroba airCia da maTTan erTad yofnis siamovneba gani-cada, gamoqvabulis karebTan mowyalebis wyals

dalevs ise, rom mis win Tasi ar iqneba.

ZaRlis tyavSi gaxveuli, ese igi, erTi SexedviT, saZageli da sazizRari _ bevri adamiania, magram isini fardis ukan ashabi qehfis ZaRlisTvis boZe-buli siyvarulis Tasidan svamen.

Svilo, sicocxle gaiRe, raTa is Tasi moipovo! nuTu vnebasTan SeubrZoleblad, Tavs damtydari ubedurebebis mouTmenlad, simaRlis mopoveba Sei-Zleba?

am siyvarulis Tasidan dasalevad moTmineba, ubedurebebis gadatana da gausaZlisi satanjve-lis gamovlaa saWiro. Senc, moiTmine da dards SeuerTdi, radgan moTmineba siuxvisa da sixaru-lis gasaRebia.

amqveyniur safarSi, sxeulis moTxovnilebebis da survilebis mouTmenlad, simwaris gadautan-lad da windauxedavi moqmedebis gareSe aravin gadarCenila; radgan moTmineba windaxedulebis xel-fexia. (t. 3, 207-213)

wminda Suamavali brZanebs:

`adamiani sayvarelTan erTad aris.~ (buhari, edebi, 96; muslimi, birri, 165)

siyvaruli da mis obieqtTan erTad yofna mi-jnurebs erTmaneTis Tvisebebs sZens. radgan es mdgomareoba gadamdebia da misi gamtari saSuale-ba _ siyvarulia.

Zvelebi ityvian `gulidan gulamde gzaa.~ es

o

ugulisyurobisagan xsna

223n

o


224

n

gza gulidan gulSi mdgomareobis gadacemis uz-runvelmyofi siyvarulis arxia. am gadasaxedidan, isini iseve, rogorc borotebis momqmedni eguebian im mdgomareobas, romelic maT axasiaTebT; aseve adamianebi, romelTac uyvarT isini, vinc allahs uyvars, maTi TvisebebiT aRiWurvebian. unda gavig-oT rom saWiroa ashabi qehfis novelas yuradReba mivaqcioT. maTi ZaRli _ kitmiri xom mxolod da mxolod am RvTismosav adamianebTan erTad yof-niT amaRlda da iqca samoTxeSi Semsvlel er-TaderT cxovelad.1 allahis RvTismosav mona-msaxurebTan erTad yofnam ZaRlsac ki samoTxe moapovebina. saWiroa davfiqrdeT, adamians aseT pirovnebebTan erTad yofniT Tu raodeni sargeb-lis miReba SeuZlia.

sadi sirazs suraSi `qehf~ suraSi mocemuli ashabi qehfis novela magaliTad mohyavs da am-bobs:

`ZaRli RvTismosavi adamianebis yaraulobiT sando gaxda da yuranSic ki iqna moxseniebuli. xolo wminda nuhis Svili da wminda lutis coli ki, imis gamo, rom codvilebTan erTad iyvnen, ur-wmunoebaSi gadacvivdnen da jojoxeTis mgzavre-bad iqcnen.~

marTlacda, siyvarulsac da siZulvilsac Tu

1. muhammed bahaeddin naqSibendim abdulyadir geilanis s -

flavi rom moinaxula, karebTan Semdegi bwkarebi dawera:

`Tuki RmerTTan axlos yofna gsurT, lomobas sjobia

abdulyadir geilanis karebTan ZaRli iyo.~

o


225n

sworad mivmarTavT imisken, vinc amas imsaxurebs, patronis keTilganawyobas davimsaxurebT, winaaRm-deg SemTxvevaSi, Tu siyvarulsa da siZulvils miv-marTavT im adamianisken, vinc amas ar imsaxurebs, Cvenve viqnebiT ubedurebi.

am WeSmaritebas Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, cxadi gaxdeba Tu raoden didi mniSvneloba aqvs su-lieri aRmasvlis gzaze RvTismosav adamianebTan erTad yofnas da maTi zegavleniT cxovrebas. ma-gram, am SemTxvevaSic, sargebeli siyvarulis Sesa-bamisad ganxorciledeba. Torem mxolod erTad yofna sasurvel Sedegs ar iZleva.

Suamavlis Tanamimdevrebis mwiri niadagis msgav-si gulebi, allahis Suamavlis saubrebis wyalo-biT, sulieri mowyalebis nayofier TavSesafrad iqca. swored misi mcdelobiTa da mondomebiT daiTesa da gaizarda is ubadlo da Riseuli az-rTa Tesli, romelic Tavis droze Caketili iyo. gulidan gulSi gadasuli siyvarulisa da sul-erebis gacvliT es adamianebi varskvlavebiviT kaSkaSa pirovnebebad iqcnen. umecrebis periodis umowyalo, usindiso, gulqva, qaliSvilebis miwaSi cocxlad dammarxavi, samarTlisa d kanonis armc-nobi adamiani sadRac gaqra, daikarga. imave silu-etiT ki, sruliad axali, gulisxmieri, faqizi, gul-Cvili, mgrZnobiare adamiani moevlina samyaros.

amqveyniuri cxovreba yvela arsebisTvis Tav-gzis ambnev opiums hgavs. ese igi, is adamianebs allahTan aSorebs. amitomac didi adamianebi

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226

n

SekiTxvaze:

_ `es qveyana ra aris?~

pasuxobdnen:

`yvelaferi, rac mas allahTan aSorebs!~

amqveyniuri cxovreba yvela arsebisTvis samo-qmedo asparezia. am moqmedebis saboloo mizani ki saiqos mopovebaa. wminda Suamavali am azrs, hadisSi, Semdegnairad aviTarebs:

`saaqao saiqos yanaa.~ (ajluni, qeSful hafa, 1, 412)

ese igi, adamiani saiqioSi imas moimkis, rasac saaqaoSi daTesavs.

saWiroa, amqveynis es Tavgzaambnevi, opiumis msgav-si zemoqmedeba rwmenis saSualebiT iqnes gawonas-worebuli. ugulisyurobis sawinaaRmdego Tviseba sifxizlea. amis ucilobeli ganxorcilebis ga-reSe, amqveyniuri cxovrebis amoqmedeba SeuZlebe-lia. am SemTxvevaSi wonasworoba darRveulia da adamianis qmedebebi gonebisa da logikis CarCoebs miRma rCeba.

zemoT mocemul wminda mevlanas beiTSi naTq-vamia, rom Tuki ugulisyuroba Sewydeba ZaRlSi, romelic moklebelia Semecnebisa da azrovnebis unars da romelsac martivi valdebuleba akisria, isic ki RmerTis siyvaruliT velad gaiWreba da Tavis dakisrebul movaleobas-guSagobas aRar Seasrulebs. rodesac es asea, gaviTvaliswinoT adamiani, namdvili sifxizlis SemTxvevaSi, rogor

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227n

mdgomareobaSi SeiZleba aRmoCndes.

ugulisyurobisgan xsnisTvis aucilebelia sulieri ganwmendis meSveobiT gulis amqveyni-urobisgan dacla da misi saSualebiT samyaroSi arsebuli Zalis, saocrebebisa da sinatifis sxva-dasxva gamovlinebebze cqera. mecnierebi amboben:

`codnis mgzavro! am gzaze mouTmenlobas moTminebiT, daviwyebas _ RmerTis xsenebiT, uma-durobas _ madlierebiT, amboxebas _ morCilebiT, siZunwes _ guluxvobiT, TvalTmaqcobas _ gul-wrfelobiT, Secdomebs _ monaniebiT, tyuils _ simarTliT, ugulisyurobas _ dafiqrebiT sanam ar Secvli, manZils ver dafarav!~

b

mesnevi: ̀ sabraloa adamiani, romelmac sakuTari Tavi saWiroebisamebr ver Seicno. is xom sul sxva mxridan, sxva simaRlidan, maradisobis samyarodan movida da am xarvezian, mankier samyaroSi, am WuW-yian qveyanaze Camovarda.

adamianma sakuTari Tavi iafad Seafasa. is Zalian Zvirfasi atlasis qsovilis msgavsad aiRo, daiWira da sakuTari Tavi xalaTs Seadara.~ (t. 3, 1000-1001)

hadisSi nabrZanebia:

`sakuTari Tavis Semcnobi RmerTs Seicnobs~.

es gancxadeba mianiSnebs, rom adamianma jer saku-

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228

n

Tari Tavi unda Seicnos da Tavisi fasi icodes.

marTlacda, adamians Tu ecodineba Tavisi fasi da gaacnobierebs imas, rom is yvelaze pativsacem, Tavis sayvarel arsebad Seqmna RmerTma, sulm-dabali saqcielisadmi keTilganwyobis nacvlad, misTvis Tavis aridebis aucileblobas advilad Seimecnebs. radgan adamianTa umravlesoba Tavisi arsebis sidiadesa da SesaniSnaobas ver Seimec-nebs da ver zomavs, esa Tu is saqcieli ramdenad uxdeba mas, sulmdabali qmedebebisgan Tavs ver icavs. amitom yvelaze mdabal arsebaze ufro dab-la eSveba.

bmesnevi: `musa kverTxs miubrunda da uTxra: `ra

gasaocari ramea? Cveni Suamavloba CvenTvis mz-esaviT aSkara da mbrwyinavia, mtrisTvis ki Ramis msgavsad wyvdiadiT moculi...

neta, rogor xdeba, rom faraonis armia quSluq-is drois mzis sisavses ver xedavs?

maT mxedveloba, smena da Wkua-goneba gaaCniaT, magram WeSmaritebas ver xedaven da ar esmiT. gao-cebuli var allahis mxedvelobis ZaliTa da si-maxviliT!

me maTi ugulisyurobiT var gaocebuli. maT ki Cemi Suamavloba da Cems mier RmerTis qadageba akvirvebT. isini gazafxulze gazrdili eklebi arian, me ki im gazafxuliT mosuli Jasmini var!~

o


229n

(t. 3, 1107-1110)

isini, vinc sakuTar egoizmSi arian CaZirulni da ver xedaven TavianTi pirovnebis sidiades, Ta-vianT movaleobas, (visac Tavisi samyaro martis burusSi gaxveul niadgisTvis daumsgvasebia) mze zenitSic rom iyos, mis kaSkaSs ver dainaxaven. rad-gan maT Soris ugulisyurobis fardaa Camofare-buli. miuxedavad imisa, rom musa da misi msgavsi Suamavlebi mzesaviT brwyinavdnen maTi aRiareba ugulisyuroebs sakuTar samyaroSi Caketilo-bisa da TavianT vnebebze damokidebulebis gamo ar SeeZloT. isini hgvanan adamianebs, romlebic dRisiT Tavze sabans gadaifareben da acxadeben _ Ramis wyvdiadiao. maT ar ician, rom WeSmariteba maTi survilis mixedviT ar icvleba. RvTaebrivi bedisweris mcodne musa am yvelafers uzenaessa da gulgril arsebebs Soris Camofarebul far-dad afasebs.

ra ar xelewifeba RmerTs! sxeulis sul patara nawils; Tvals, mxedvelobis, guls-grZnobis, tvins ki fiqris msgavsi saocari niWi uwyaloba; ama-vdroulad, amaTi sapirispiro sibrmavis, ugrZno-belobis, sulieri daavadebis arsebobac auxsneli Zalis gamovlinebaa.

Tavisufali da Zlieria is, vinc vnebis fuW sur-vilebs sZlevs. xolo adamiani, romelsac moereva vnebis boroteba, ese igi satanjveli, siZulvili da Jini sxva pirovnebis tyved qceul adamianze uaresia.

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230

n

baRdadis midamoebSi wminda Suamavlis SviliS-vilis mkvlelma Tqva:

`dRes me qveynis yvelaze saxelovani adamiani movkali!~

am sityvebiT man aCvena, rom vnebis tyve da uvar-gisi adamiani iyo.

hulaRu ki, romelic Tavisi arsebobisas sadac gaivlida sisxlisa da cremlis kvals tovebda, im periodis dedaqalaq baRdadSi sasaklao moawyo da oTxasi aTasi muslimani daxoca. amave dros gaanadgura yvela Sedevri da tigrosSi Camarxa iSviaTi xelnawerebi. is, am sisastikis gamo, isto-riaSi dakargul, ubedur da sabralo adamianad iqca. is xelmwife ki ara, sinamdvileSi, vnebis sa-codavi tyve iyo.

meore mxriv, haliji mansurma, romelmac baR-dadSi safrTxis arsebobis miuxedavad gaamJRavna mis xelT arsebuli SariaTis saidumlo da amis wyalobiT, adamianebisTvis Wkuis Sefasebis Seum-cdar sazomad iqca. is Tavisi Camqolebis gamo RmerTs evedreboda:

`RmerTo, Cemze adre Cems CamqolavT miuteve!~

es sityvebi gviCvenebs, rom is vnebadaZleuli, misi tyveobisagan ganTavisuflebuli da simSvi-demopovebuli adamiani iyo.

b

o


231n

mesnevi: `ugulisyuro adamiano! udidesi Rmer-Tis mier yuranSi naxsenebi _ `RmerTis mier bo-Zebuli sarCosagan miirTvi!~ _ sarCod jer puri miiRe da mxolod Semdeg daewafe sibrZnes!~

allahisagan boZebuli sarCo, adamians intuici-is mixedviT sibrZnesa da codnaSia. maTi miReba araa droebiTi da warmavali. isini maradiul saz-rdos warmoadgendnen.

Tuki xorciel pirs daxurav, SenSi sulieri piri gaixsneba da im piriT RvTiuri saidumloebe-bisa da codnis lukmebs miiReb.~ (t. 3, 3745-3747)

sarCo mxolod saWmel-sameli ar aris, ise rogorc umetesobas miaCnia. is raodenobiTac ki gansazRvrulia. ese igi, arc erTi adamiani ar mokvdeba manam, sanam misTvis gansazRvruli saW-meli, sarCo ar dasruldeba. RmerTis mier bedis-weriT gansazRvrul sxva rameebzec igive SeiZleba iTqvas. magaliTad, Tvalma am warmaval samyaro-Si ra peizaJebic ar unda naxos, yurma rac ar unda moisminos, tvinma (ise rogorc televizoris ekranze garbenilma moZravma uxmo striqonma) ra fiqrebic ar unda warmoSvas, gulma ra grZnobebic ar unda gamoxatos _ yvelaferi es RvTiuri cod-niTaa cnobili da sabolood SezRudulia. ise rogorc sarCo, isinic sanam ar amoiwureba da ar gaTavdeba sikvdili ar mova.

es niSnavs, rom sxvdasxva bediswera sarCoTia gansazRvruli da dadgenili. es gansazRvra Rv-Tiuri bedisweriT xdeba. magram amis gamo rom

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232

n

CavTvaloT, rom es mxolod saWmel-sasmelisaT-visaa damaxasiaTebeli, mcdari Sexeduleba iqneba. mevlana ambobs:

`sxeulis gadametebul kvebasa da ganviTare-bas nu miaqcev yuradRebas! radgan is sabolood mxolod miwisTvis misabarebeli msxverplia. Sen gulis sazrdos miaqcie yuradReba! umaRlesTan wamsvleli da pativsacemi swored is aris.

sxeuls cximiani da Tafliani rameebi mcire raodenobiT miawode. radgan is, vinc sakvebis miRebisas zomierebas ver icavs, vnebis survileb-Si eqceva da sabolood Sercxvenili rCeba.

suls sulieri sazrdo miawode. srulyofili fiqri, daxvewili zneoba da msubuqi sakvebi Ses-Tavaze, rom saboloo samkvidrebels mxned mi-aSuros:

bmesnevi: `Sen, gaocebulo adamiano, gazafxulis

silamazis winaSe tuCebs rom ikvnet! erTxel Se-modgomis sevdian mdgomareobasa da sicivesac mi-aqcie yuradReba!

ganTiadisas, roca mzis ulamazes amosvlas ixi-lav, mzis Casvlis dros, mis sikvdils rom uwode-ben, imasac nu daiviwyeb!

adamianic imave TanmimdevrobiT cxovrobs. sru-lyofileba da silamaze gasaqrobadaa ganwiru-li.

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233n

lamazi bavSvi Tavisi silamazis wyalobiT xalxisTvis sayvareli da nebieria. drois Semdeg, asakisagan gamoCerCetdeba da xalxisTvisac usia-moa. Tuki Sen vercxlistanianma silamazem mog-inadira, moxucebulobis Jams bambis yanas dams-gavsebul sakuTar sxeuls Sexede.

cximiani, Tafliani saWmlisa da survilis aRmZ-vrel sakvebisaken mswrafo! adeqi, sapirfareSoSi Sedi da maTi dasasruli iq naxe!~ (t. 4, 1596-1601)

es samyaro udidesi allahis saswaulebrivi Tvisebebis erTobliobis nayofia. TviT allahis garda yvela sxva arsebac am TvisebaTa gamov-linebebis SenaerTia. Cvens samyaroSi ki RmerTis gacxadebis adgili ar arsebobs. vinaidan udides RmerTs ar Seuqmnia adgili, romelic mis gacxade-bas Seesabameba.

meore mxriv, uflismier niWTa SenaerTis wyalo-biT Seqmnili arsebebi `maradiulobis~ Tvisebas moklebulni arian; e.i. amqveynad allahis garda arc erTi arseba ar aris maradiuli, ukvdavi, mud-mivobis ZaliT dajildovebuli. amis Sedegi ki is aris, rom yvela qmnileba warmavalia, Zveldeba da nadgurdeba. aiaTSi es WeSmariteba asea gamoxat-uli:

`dedamiwaze arsebuli yvel arseba ganadgur-deba.~ (sura rahmani, aiaTi 26)

warmavali arsebebis Tvisebebic miwieri da warmavalia. am maxasiaTeblis Sedegad yvela mara-

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234

n

diulad icvleba, asaki emateba. arc erTis mdgo-mareoba ar aris mudmivi da maradiuli. Tumca, warmavlobis msvleloba yvela arsebaSi sxva-dasxva formiTa da SinaarsiT xorcieldeba. ami-tomac, cnobili WeSmaritebaa `yvela mdgomareoba droebiTia.~

es niSnavs, rom kontrastebze dafuZnebul Cven samyaroSi arc silamaze, arc simaxinje, arc sikeTe, arc boroteba, arc yofna, arc qoneba, arc uqonlo-ba, arc srulyofileba da arc dacema maradiuli ar iqneba. mudmivi cvlileba yvela qmnilebisTvis ucilobeli bedisweraa. mevlana, zemoT mocemul beiTSi, swored am WeSmaritebas gadmogvcems, roca moixseniebs adamianis svlas bavSvobidan moxuce-bulobisken da sakvebis mier organizmSi ganvlil etapebs.

ugulisyuro cxovrebas bavSvobis asakSi Tama-Si, axalgazrdobaSi _ gataceba, mowifulobaSi _ gulgriloba, moxucebulobaSi _ warsulis mona-treba da aTasgvari wuxili da sinanuli ganapi-robebs. vinc RmerTs ar axsenebs, visac glaxaki da daxmarebis mTxovneli ar ebraleba da maT dardis gaziarebis grZnobebi ar gaaCnia, vinc amayi da qed-maRalia, mas sikvdili yovel wams usafrdeba. ra samwuxaroa maTi dasasruli, vinc amqveyniurobiT tyuvdeba da cdilobs siqios gamoricxviT saaqao keTildReoba moipovos, vinc sicocxlis bolomde cdilobs warmavali siamovnebiT tkbobas.

saaqao gamocdisa da cdunebebis adgilia. erTi

o


235n

SexedviT, surneleba sasiamovno da tkbilia. is suls sicocxles aniWebs. magram, meore mxriv, max-ea, morevia maTTvis, visac vnebisTvis damaxasiaTe-beli dabrkolebis gadalaxva uWirs.

bmesnevi: `adamiano, ödedamiwaze urTierTgamom-

ricxavi ori xma vrceldeba. netav, Sens guls rom-lis miRebis unari gaaCnia?..

imaTgan, erTi allahTan daaxloebulebis mdgo-mareobis gamoZaxilia, meore ki codvilTa da cdunebulTa mdgomareobis gamoxatulebaa. (t. 4,

1622-1623)

`am xmebisgan erT-erTs Tu miyvebi, meores veRar gaigoneb!

radgan Seyvarebuli adamiani sayvarlis nega-tiuri Tvisebebisadmi Cveulebriv brma da yrua.~ (t. 4, 1626)

`mgzavro, sarkeSi Seni arsebobis ukanasknel suraTs Sexede! silamazis, asakisTvis damaxasiaTe-beli simaxinjiT mosalodnel Secvlaze da Seno-bis dangrevis SesaZleblobaze dafiqrdi. amitom sarkeSi danaxuli siyalbe nu Segacdens!..~ (t. 4,

1628)

wminda mevlana, zemoT mocemul beiTebSi, sxva-dasxva magaliTebis moyvaniT gvmoZRvravs,ö rom es samyaro kontrastebzea dafuZnebuli. amis mizezi ki is aris, rom Tavad udidesi RmerTia winaaRm-

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236

n

degobrivi Tvisebebis matarebeli. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT RvTiuri niWiT Seqmnili Cveni samyaroc am kontrastebs Seesabameba; amitom maTgan Camo-Sorebuli ver iqneba. adamianis tvini ver swvdeba mas, rasac sapirispiro mxare ar gaaCnia. samyaro swored am pirobiTaa Seqmnili. amitom adamiani da dedamiwa silamazisa da didebulebis gamov-linebebis amsaxveli da kontrastebis asparezia. islamis SexedulebiT, pasuxismgebeli adamianis Semecnebas mxolod imis Semecneba SeuZlia, ras-ac kontrasti gaaCnia. kontrasti ki ramdenadac mkafioa, misi Semecnebis SesaZlebloba imdenad iolia. Sav dafaze erT TeTr da erT nacrisfer Zafs Tu davdebT, saerTo fonze, ufro mkafiod TeTri gamoCndeba. Tovlze morbenal TeTr kurd-Rels ki Zalian mWreli Tvalic ver dainaxavs.

islami am faqtis WeSmaritebas aqcevs yura-dRebas, roca ganmartavs mowesrigebuli sistemisa da mis mier SeTavazebuli amqveyniuri Sexedulebe-bis Sesaxeb. axsna-ganmartebebic iseT kontrastebs efuZneba, rogorebicaa: sikeTe-boroteba, samoTxe-jojoxeTi, sicocxle-sikvdili..

am kontrastebs Soris, adamianis pirovnebaSic da samyaroSic, gasamarjveblad da amave dros, erT-maneTis gasanadgureblad Seupovari brZola mim-dinareobs. iseve rogorc adamianis arsebaSi mebr-Zolma codva-madlma, am brZolaSic SeuZlebelia erTma meore gaanadguros. radgan am samyaroSi yvelaferi is, rac kontrastulia, RmerTis Tviseb-is anareklia. xolo radganac allahis Tvisebebi

o


237n

maradiulia es kontrastuloba qveynierebis aR-sasrulamde gagrZeldeba. adamiani unda ecados, rom sakuTar pirovnebaSic da gare samyaroSic samarTalma da sikeTem tyuilsa da borotebas sZlios. amis gamo, saWiroa, yuri davugdoT mar-Talsa da goniers borotebasa da tyuils ki zur-gi vaqcioT. amis moqmedni bednierebas moipoveben. religiis mizania es gamarjveba yvela pirovnebas moapovebinos. aiaTSi nabrZanebia:

`sulis (WuWyisgan) ganmwmendma xsna moipova. misi codvebiT damfarveli ki ganadgurda.~ (sura Semsi, aiaTebi 9-10)

bmesnevi: `qonebam an adgil-mamulma zedmetad ar

gagitacos, radgan roca dro mova, advilad SeZlo misi datoveba! qonebas iolad unda Seelio da ise unda waxvide, rom madli Tan datovo! Sen magrad Caekari mas, vinc gaviwroebs, radgan dasawyisic is aris da dasasrulic. misi povna Tu ginda, vnebis simZime, romelic guls sZiravs _ moiSore, gad-aagde da survils aisruleb.~ (t. 3, 128-129)

amqveyniurısikeTeTagan guls fuZes yvelaze metad, qonebisa da Svilisısiyvaruli uryevs. amis gamoa, rom udidesi RmerTi yuranSi am or sikeTes terminiT `SfoTisTavi~ moixseniebs.

uzenaesi allahis mier adamianisTvis nawy-alobevi nebismieri saxis qoneba, Tundac Svili, sinamdvileSi anabaria, radgan yvela sikeTe misgan

o


238

n

aris da masve ekuTvnis. amitomac, brZeni gulebi RmerTis winaSe mudmivad iseTi grZnobiT arian ganmsWvaluli, romelic maT aTqmevinebs:

`amRebi Sen xar, gamcemi Sen xar, damwesebelic Sen xar!

rasac gviboZeb is aris; Cven sakuTari ra gvaqvs?!~

amgvari msjelobiT wmindanebi, romlebic uki-duresad Sors iyvnen ugulisyurobisgan Seimec-nebdnen, rom adamiani mxolod da mxolod RmerTis mona-morCilia da mis winaSe araraobaa: nebismieri sikeTis, romelsac adamiani flobs, namdvili pa-troni allahia.

allahis Suamavali Tavis mimdevrebs momavalSi mosalodnel `SfoTisTavze~ ase eubneba:

`yvela erTmorwmunes erTi SfoTisTavi hyavs. Cemi mimdevrebis ZiriTadi SfoTisTavi _ qonebaa.~ (Tirmizi, zuhdi, 26)

qonebis uadgilod gamflangveli; an maTTvis, visac am qonebaze ufleba aqvs, am uflebis wamrT-mevni da amgvarad misi damgrovebeli adamianebi allahis boZebul sikeTeebs dakargaven. udidesi RmerTi ugulisyurod moqmedTa tragikuli dasas-rulis Sesaxeb aiaTSi ase brZanebs:

`..arian isini, vinc oqrosa da vercxls agrove-ben da maT allahis gzaze ar xarjaven, ai, maT tkivilis mimyenebeli satanjveli axare! im dRes,

o


239n

roca (es fuli) jojoxeTis cecxlSi gaxurdeba da maT Subls, gverdebsa da zurgs daudaRavs (maT etyvian): `ai, es Tqvensımier mokrebili simdidrea da axla igemeT maTi gemo!~ (sura Tevbe, aiaTebi 34-35)

mas, vinc amqveyniuri sikeTeebiT zedmetadaa ga-tacebuli da Tanac Zunwia, Seih sadi Semdegnairad afrTxilebs:

`ar CaTvalo, rom fulis mogrovebiT amaRl-debi. damdgar wyals cudi suni asdis da Sreba. ecade gasce da gaaCuqo, wyals dineba gauiolo. gamdinar wyals ca exmareba. is wvimis saxiT niaR-vars qmnis da patara wyaros mdinared aqcevs.~

aqedan gamomdinare, namdvili codna, guluxvoba da altruizmi _ sakuTari gulis mdinaris amo-qmedebasa da udidesi RmerTis mier nawyalobevi sikeTeebisa da amqveyniuri vaWrobis saiqio sim-didred gadaqcevaSia. am gadasaxedidan yvelaze Zvirfasi da sapatio qoneba patronze uwinaa saiq-ios gagzavnili, yvelaze sasikeTo sicocxle ki _ allahis kmayofilebis mosapoveblad gadadebuli sicocxlea.

Sumavlis Tanamimdevrebi imisTvis,rom amqveyni-uri sicocxle saiqio bednierebis mosapovebel kapitalad eqciaT, mowyalebas ise gascemdnen, rom siRaribeze ar fiqrobdnen. Cvenc unda davfiqrdeT saiqioze da unda SevecadoT am wminda adamiane-bis umaRlesi Rirsebisagan Cveni wili miviRoT.

hadisSi nabrZanebia:

o


240

n

`mas, visi mRelvarebis mizezic saiqioa, allahi gulSi simdidres Caudebs, areul-dareuli saqmee-bisagan ixsnis da saaqao yofas gauadvilebs, dau-morCilebs. xolo mas, visi mRelvarebis mizezic saaqao cxovrebaa, allahi siRaribes daanaTlavs, mas daudevrad aqcevs da amqveynad mxolod ise iarsebebs, rogorc mis bedisweras Seesabameba: (Tirmizi, sifaTul qiame, 30)

wminda mevlana mianiSnebs, rom roca adamianis gulSi qonebis siyvaruli gaidgams fesvebs, is RmerTs daSordeba.

marTalia is, vinc cxovrobs imis SemecnebiT, rom yvela sikeTe anabaria. Tu ase CavTvliT mas-Tan ganSoreba gausaZlisi satanjvelis mizezi aRar iqneba.

guli allahis meTvalyureobis adgilia. is qonebis an Svilebis siyvaruliT Tu Seivseba, dam-dabldeba. am or rames Tu gavakerpebT, rwmenis sawinaaRmdego qmedebad CagveTvleba da amave dros, amqveynad saiqios mopovebaSi xels SegviS-lis. saboloo Sedegi ki am sawuTroSi tyveoba, saiqioSi ki samwuxaro dasasruli, anu orive sam-yaroSi tragikuli yofaa.

b

imisaTvis, rom ugulisyurobas moveridoT, aucilebelia mudmivad

vaxsenoT RmerTi da arasdros ar daviviwyoT. vinaidan adamiani codvas

swored im momentSi sCadis, roca RmerTs iviwyebs da mas Sordeba.

i

ugulisyurobisgan xsna

ugulisyurobisgan xsna

adamiani aris erTaderTi arseba, romelsac RmerTma misca sikeTisa da borotebis garCevis unari da mona-msaxurebis pasuxismgebloba daak-isra.

man, misi `me~ sikeTisa da borotebis marcv-lebiT Seamko da saaqao simSvidis da saiqio bednierebis mopovebis SesaZlebloba, misi Sina-gani samyaros, kerZod ki, gulis mdgomareobasTan daakavSira. gulis srulyofilebamde miRwevis mniSvneloba da siZnele `Sems~ suris pirvel aiaTebSia gacxadebuli:

`...suls da mas vuboZeT garkveuli unari da wili RvTismoSiSobisa (sikeTis) da codvis (boro-tebis) STamagonebels vficav, sulis borotebi-sgan ganmwmendma xsna moipova, misma borotebaSi Cammarxvelma ki _ ziani.~ (sura Semsi, aiaTebi 7-10)

codviloba, vnebisa da survilebisadmi tyveo-baa; RvTismoSiSoba ki gulis amqveyniuri WuWyisa-gan dacviT RmerTTan daaxloebis mcdeloba. am ori kontrastuli TvisebisaTvis saWiro masala umeteswilad erTi da igivea: Wkua, goneba, Semec-neba; qoneba, Tanamdeboba, Svili... da a.S.

am Tvisebebs adamiani RmerTTan dasaaxloeblad Tu ar gamoiyenebs, is vnebis tyveobaSi moeqceva, sulier saganZurs mowamlavs, adamianis xelT ar-sebul erTaderT xelsayrel SemTxvevas, sikeTiT aRniSnul sicocxles, zians miayenebs da ori sam-

243n

o


244

n

yaros ubeduri iqneba.

roca eSmaki samoTxidan iqna gamoZevebuli, man udides RmerTs sTxova misTvis qveynierebis aR-sasrulamde maradiuloba eboZebina da adamianebi borotebisken miemarTa. uzenaesma mas, am survil-Si Tavisufleba, mxolod amqveynad mianiWa. aiaTSi nabrZanebia:

`(eSmakma) uTxra: `Tu asea, Cemi Secdenis san-acvlod vficav, rom mec maT sacduneblad Senken momaval gzaze davjdebi. Semdeg ki winidan, zur-gidan, marjvnidan da marcxnidan SevuZvrebi maT. maT umravlesobas Sens madlierTa rigebSi veRar ipovi.~ (sura aaraf, aiaTebi 16-17)

allahisken mimaval WeSmarit gzaze dabrkole-bad aRmarTuli, adamianebis borotebisken mimqce-vi, eSmaki gulwrfeli mona-msaxurebis winaSe rom uZluria, es aiaTSi asea gacxadebuli:

`(eSmakma Tqva: vacduneb yvela adamians), maT Soris mxolod gulwrfelobas miRweuli adami-anebia gamorCeuli.~ (sura hijri, aiaTi 40)


`ueWvelia, rom Cems (gulwrfel) mona-msaxure-bze, Sen ver mbrZaneblob (da ver axden zemoqmede-bas)! Sen mxolod Smagebi gemorCilebian.~ (sura hi-jri, aiaTi 42)

udidesi RmerTi, imisaTvis rom eSmakma ar Seg-vacdinos, gvafrTxilebs:

o


245n

`...frTxilad, im cbierma da matyuara eSmakma al-lahis mier Tqveni codvebis SendobaSi ar dagarw-munoT da ar SegacdinoT.~ (sura loymani, aiaTi 33)

bwminda mevlana eSmakiseul xrikebsa da mzakv-

robebs damorCilebul adamianebs, vnebis CarCoeb-Si moqceul, RvTismsaxurebisaTvis zianis mimyen-ebeli pirovnebebis mdgomareobas Semdegnairad gadmogvcems:

`Suaibis dros erTi adamiani ambobda: ̀ allahma Cemi bevri nakli da codva dainaxa. magram, miuxe-davad imisa, rom CemSi amdeni cudi da boroti aR-moaCina, sakuTari mowyalebisa da keTilSobilebis wyalobiT Cems nakls yuradReba ar miaqcia.~

Suaibma, udidesi RmerTis zeSTagonebiT, es ada-miani ase gaafrTxila:

`Sen ambob, me amdeni codva Cavidine, allahma ki didsulovnebis gamo pasuxismgebloba ar da-makisra da ar damsajao. Wkuis uqonelo adamiano! WeSmariti gzis uarmyofelo da udabnoSi mox-etiale sabralov! allahma ukve ramdenjer dag-saja, amaze warmodgenac ar gaqvs. imis gamo, rom Tavidan fexis frCxilebamde ugulisyurobaSi xar Cafluli, gamWriaxoba dagexSo. Sen grZnobebis, vnebebis tyve xar da amas verc ki amCnev.

gaSavebul qvabs damsgavsebulo adamiano! fena-fena Wvartlsa da JangSi xar Cafluli. isini Sens

o


246

n

Sinagan samyaros abnelebs. Seni guli mravalkeci JangiTaa dafaruli da gamWriaxobamodunebuli veRarafers xedav. RvTiur saidumloebebs umecre-bis farda aqvs Camofarebuli, Seni guli ki dab-rmavebulia.

yvelaferi ufro naTlad dasanaxi da ufro ad-vilad Sesamecnebelia. kontrastis gamo is Savi Wvartli daxalasebul qvabze aSkarad gamoCndeba. roca kvamli WurWels gaaSavebs, masze arsebuli Savi laqa, Cveulebriv, daikargeba da mas veRara-vin dainaxavs! amgvaradve, mWedeli Savkaniani Tu iqneba, kvamli mis saxeze kvals ar datovebs. ma-gram Tuki mWedlobas TeTrkaniani eweva, kvamlis zegavleniT misi saxe gaSavdeba.

aseve, wminda gulis mqone morwmune codvas Tu Caidens, mis simZimes swrafad iwvnevs da `Rmer-To Cemoo~ tirilsa da kvnesas daiwyebs. magram adamians, romelic mudmivad sCadis codvas, gulis Tvali dabnelebuli aqvs da mas veRar xedavs, sin-disis qenjnas veRar ganicdis. monanieba saerTod azradac ar mouva. codva mis guls ise Caesmis, rogorc sasiamovno musika. rwmenas ki ise kar-gavs, rom verc ki amCnevs. mas eTxoveba sinanulis grZnoba da is ar wrmoTqvams _ `RmerTo Cemo!~ gulis sarke JangiT ibindeba da mis gaSavebul, gaqvavebul grZnobis organos Jangi sWams.

roca TeTr qaRaldze rames dawer, naweri mkafiod gamoCndeba. magram ukve daweril qaR-

o


247n

aldze xelaxla Tu dawer, nawerebi erTmaneTSi aireva da gaugebari gaxdeba; amitom mis wakiTxvas veRar SeZleb, radgan roca melnis siSave erTma-neTs edeba, arc erTi naweris garCeva aRar Sei-Zleba. xolo Tu im qaRaldze mesamedac dawer rames, is urwmunos guliviT gaSavdeba.

da Tu asea, yvela gamouvali mdgomareobidan erTaderTi gamosavali allahze TavSefarebis garda ra SeiZleba iyos? amitom, mowyale RmerTis WeSmaritebis TavSesafars SeekedleT, rom ukurne-beli dardisgan, ese igi gulis gaSavebisa da da-Jangebisgan Tavi ixsnaT!~

Suaibis am sityvebis gamo, romlebic RvTiuri sios matarebeli da gulebis amaTrTolebelia, is adamiani gons moego da, RmerTisadmi patiebis Txovnis mizniT, ikiTxa:

`Cems mier Seumecnebel am codvebze RvTiuri sasjelis ra niSania?~

amis Sesaxeb udidesma RmerTma Suaib Suamavlas STaagona:

`me danaSaulebsa da codvebs vfarav; saidum-los ar vaxmaureb, magram mas rom ubedureba uci-loblad daatydeba Tavs, yvelaze aSkara niSani swored es aris:

marTalia, is mona-msaxurebis movaleobas asru-lebs, marxulobs, namazs loculobs da sxva sike-Teebsac sCadis, magram arc erTi maTgani iotio-

o


248

n

sodena sulier siamovnebas ar aniWebs.

RvTismsaxureba, Sesrulebis formiT, Sesaferi-sia, mona-msaxureba _ lamazi, magram suliereba susti; guli da sxeuli gawonasworebuli ar aris. kakali garegnulad jansaRad gamoiyureba, magram SigTavsi carielia.

imisaTvis, rom RvTismsaxurebebma adamians sia-movneba mianiWos, aucilebelia, gulma suliereba SeiZinos. Tesli, rom gaRvivdes da aRmocendes, saWiroa mas guli gaaCndes. fSute marcvlisagan gana SesaZlebelia nergi amovides? sulierebisa-gan daclili suraTi xom carieli formisagan Sedgeba?!~

Suaibma im daudevar adamians amgvari rCevebi misca da mis gulSi, Suamavliseuli sulierebi-sgan imedis yvavilebi gaiSala. man RmerTs Sendo-ba sTxova da Tavisi fiqrebi misken warmarTa...~

byvelaze mowyale, udidesi allahi, Tavis mona-

msaxurebs siyvaruliTa da moTminebiT eqceva. maT garkveul dromde SecdomebisTvis ar sjis, rac misgan didi mimteveblobis gamomJRavnebaa:

`allahs adamianebi Cadenili codvebis gamo (maSinve) srulad rom daesaja, dedamiwaze erT adamiansac ki ar datovebda; magram allahi maTi dasjisagan, gansazRvrul dromde, Tavs ikavebs. xolo rodesac es dro mova ganaCens mkacrad

o


249n

aRasrulebs da maT dasjis. radgan allahi Tavisi mona-msaxurebis meTvalyurea.~ (sura faTir, aiaTi 45)

amgvari sulieri sneulebiT Sepyrobili ube-duri adamianebi ver amCneven, rom codvas sCadian da amasTan erTad SeiZleba CaTvalon, rom maT mier Cadenili saqme sasikeToa da saiqioSic sasikeTo Sedegs moutans. Tumca udidesi RmerTi amgvar-ad moqmedi adamianebis tragikul dasasruls ase gvamcnobs:

`uTxari: gauwyo isini, visi saqmeebic fulia? maT vinc, miuxedavad imisa saqmeebs kargad Tvlian, maTi amqveyniuri mcdeloba amao aRmoCndeba.~ (sura qehfi, aiaTebi 103-104)

am gadasaxedidan, morwmuneebma yuradReba unda miaqcion RvTismsaxurebis Sesrulebis gulwr-felobas da unda eSinodeT, rom is amao ar iyos da Cadenili, sul mcire Secdomac ki, unda gaiaz-ron, TavianT TvalSi gazardon. ugulisyuroebi ki amis sapirispirod, Cadenil codvebs, raoden didic ar unda iyos is, umniSvnelod Tvlian.

abdullah ibn mesudi ase ambobs:

`morwmune sakuTar codvebs ise xedavs, rogorc mTas, romlis ZirSi Tavad zis da eSinia, es mTa Tavze ar daemxos. ugulisyuros ki codva cx-virze mjdar koRos msgavsad arafrad miaCnia.~

ibn mesudma es rom Tqva, xeli cxvirze koRo-saviT miitana. (buhari, deaviTi, 4, muslimi, Tevbe, 3, 2744)

o


250

n

erTxel allahis Sumavalma wminda aiSes uTxra:

`aiSe! moeride yvelaze patara codvasac ki, romelsac mniSvnelobas ar aniWeb! radgan al-lahs hyavs angelozi, romelic nebismier wvril-mans Tvalyurs adevnebs da iwers.~ (ibn maje, zuhdi,

29, darimi, riqaqi, 17)

TanamedroveobaSi mniSvnelovani daudevroba, romelsac adamianebi verc ki amCneven, allahis mona-msaxurebis darRveva da arafrad Cagdebaa. amgvari arsebobisa da cxovrebis wesis Sede-gi _Woraobaa. imis damdableba, viszec Worikana Woraobs, adamians siamovnebas aniWebs. is amayde-ba da vneba ufro metad uZlierdeba. es ki sx-visi uflebebis darRvevas iwvevs, romlis gamoc sasjeli ganmkiTxvelisTvis gankiTxvis dRes iqne-ba gamotanili.

udidesi RmerTi adamianis Seuracxyofis ara-nair formas ar cnobs da amas did, mZime codvebs Soris moixseniebs. is ase brZanebs:

`vai, mas visac Cveulebad aqvs pirispir dacinva an zurgsukan avad xseneba (ese igi Woraoba).~ (sura humeze, aiaTi 1)

Semdegi aiaTebi gvafrTxileben, rom moveridoT gankiTxvas, raTa, am avi Tvisebis gamo, jojoxeTis cecxli ar davimsaxuroT.

b

o


251n

gulebs yvelaze metad ugulisyurobaSi Cavard-na, RvTismsaxurebisagan da sulieri sazrdosagan Sors yofna, amqveyniuri sikeTeebisadmi da qone-bis mopovebisaken ltolva Rupavs. am gziT mavali adamianebis Sesaxeb, udidesi RmerTi aiaTebSi am-bobs:

`roca RmerTi adamians gamocdis mizniT pa-tivs miagebs da sikeTeebs uwyalobebs,öis ityvis: `Cemma RmerTma me damafasa.~ magram, Tuki isev gamosacdelad, wils Seumcirebs,maSin daiCivlebs: is ityvis: ̀ Cemma RmerTma me Seuracxmyo, ubedurad maqcia.~ ara! Tqven gsurT, rom allahi mudmivad pa-tivs mogagebdeT, magram Tavad obols ar afasebT da mas pativs ar miagebT! gaWirvebulebs xels ar uwyobT, rom danayrdnen, memkvidreobas ki ise sWamT, rom ar arkvevT halalia Tu harami, radgan qonebis siyvaruls mTeli Tqveni arseba moucavs!~ (sura fejri, aiaTebi 15-20)

loyman haqimma, Svili daudevrobas rom moride-boda, ase gaafrTxila:ı

`Svilo! es qveyana ufskero zRvaa. mravali brZeni mecnieri da didebuli adamiani daudevari qmedebis gamo ganadgurda. dae, am zRvaSi, Seni gemi allahis wyalobiTa da SewevniT irweodes. misi mosarTavi ki RvTismoSiSoba da RvTismasxureba iyos. zRvaSi samogzaurod gasuli gemis ialqani, RvTisagan monaberi qaris mixedviT irxeodes. mx-olod amgvarad SeiZleba xsnis mopoveba.~ (beihaqi, qiTabuz zuhd, 73)

o


252

n

ballahis Suamavali covebisgan damZimebuli gu-

lis viTrebas ase asaxavs:

àdamiani codvas rom sCadis, gulSi Savi werti-li Cndeba da Tuki is codvis qmnas Sewyvets, moin-aniebs da RmerTs Sendobas sTxovs, guli gausuf-Tavdeba. amgvarad Tu ar moiqceva da codvas kvlav ganaaxlebs, Savi wertilic gaizrdeba da Sedegad mTel guls dafaravs.~ (Tirmizi, Tefsiri, 83, ibn-maje

zuhdi 29)

kvlav wminda Suamavali brZanebs:

ìse, rogorc rkina, gulic Jangs ikidebs.~

àllahis Suamavalo! da, ra aprialebs mas?~

àllahis wignis kiTxva da allahis xseneba.~ (ali el muTTaqi, qenzul ummal. II. 241)

udidesi RmerTi, roca Tavis im sayvarel, RvTis-

moSiS mona-msaxurebze saubrobs, romelTa mor-

CilebiT kmayofilia, brZanebs:

ìsini (keTilismyofelni arian), rodesac cod-

vas Caidenen an TavianTi sulisTvis Seusabamod

moiqcevian, allahs gaixseneben da maSinve codvis

mitevebasa da Sendobas sTxoven. allahis garda

codvebis miteveba vis SeuZlia? gansakuTrebiT

maTTvis, vinc Segnebulad codvas ar daiJineben!~

(sura ali-imrani, aiaTi 135)

o


253n

ugulisyurobaSi rom ar CavcvivdeT, aucilebe-lia, mudmivad vaxsenoT RmerTi da is arasdros daviviwyoT, radgan codvis Cadenis dros, adamiani RvTisagan Sorsaa da is ar axsovs. Segnebulad Tu Seugneblad Cadenili codvebi, daudevrobiT daSvebuli Secdomebi, sulierebis centrs-guls damRupvelHJangs uCens. ris Sedegadac guli br-mavdeba da RvTismsaxurebis Sesruleba siamovne-bas aRar aniWebs. amgvarad daavadebuli adamiani Zils ver ereva da ganTiadis wminda Jams zians ayenebs. am daudevrobis Sedegad Secdomebs is ve-Rar amCnevs, amitom RmerTs mitevebas aRar sTxovs da aRar exveweba `RmerTo, RmerTo!~

swored am mizeziT, udidesma RmerTma wminda Suamavals da misi saxiT yvela morwmunes, RmerTis mudmivi xsenebisaken mouwoda. amgvarad, RmerTs surs, rom adamiani erTi wuTiTac ki ar Cavardes daudevrobaSi:

`dila-saRamos, SenTvis, gulSi warmoTqmiT, SiSiT da xvewniT, dabali xmiT, Seni RmerTi ax-sene da ugulisyuroTagani nu iqnebi!~ (sura aaraf, aiaTi 205)

adamianma, sakuTari cxovrebis gzaze Sexve-dril, sulier ryevebs imTaviTve monaniebis wam-liT unda umkurnalos da gulwrfelobiT unda aRiWurvos. udides RmerTs surs, rom adamianebma misi kmayofilebis mosapoveblad gulwrfelad Seasrulon RvTismsaxureba. RvTismsaxurebisagan

o


254

n

WeSmariti sulieri siamovnebis miReba mxolod am gziTaa SesaZlebeli. aiaTSi nabrZanebia:

`(Cemo Suamavlo!) ueWvelia, rom wigni Sen dam-saxurebulad mogivlineT. radgan am viTarebaSi Sen rwmena allahisTvis xalasi gaxade da gauwie gulwrfeli mona-msaxureba.~ (sura zumeri, aiaTi 2)

aqedan gamomdinare, imisaTvis rom RvTismsax-ureba sasargeblo iyos, aucilebelia, is gulwr-felad, morCilad da uzenaesismieri siyvarulis SegrZnebiT (ese igi sxeulma da sulma harmoni-ulad) SevasruloT. gulwrfelobis gareSe Ses-rulebuli RvTismsaxurebebi sulierebisagan da-clil sagnebs, gulgamoRebul xils da gamxmar Tesls hgavs. RvTismsaxurebisaTvis sulieri sia-movnebis gamomcleli yvelaze mTavari mizezi _ harami da saeWvo lukmaa. da, adamiani, amis gamo, ramdenadac damwuxrdeba, mis gulSi rwmenis six-aruli imdenad gaizrdeba da Catarebuli RvTism-saxurebebisgan siamovnebas miiRebs. saocaria, amas-Tan dakavSirebuli, qvemoT gadmocemuli novela:

ibrahim eThemi gadmogvcems:

erT dRes, beiT maqdisis meCeTSi, Wilofi gav-Sale da davweqi. SuaRamisas meCeTis kari gaiRo da erTi firi (religiuri orderis damaarsebeli) Semovida. ori muxli namazis locvis Semdeg zur-giT minberisken mitrialda da dajda. iq ormoci adamiani kidev movida. maT Soris erTma Tqva:

`aq erTi kaci wevs.~

o


255n

firma RimiliT uTxra:

`is ibrahim eThemia; romelic ormoci dRea nal-oci namazis gemos ver igebs!~

misi sityvebi rom gavigone, ver moviTmine da firTan mivedi. mivesalme da vkiTxe:

`RmerTis xaTriT miTxari, ra aris Cemi amgvari mdgomareobis mizezi?~

man ase Tqva:

`erT dRes basraSi xurma iyide, ise rom ver mix-vdi Zirs dacvenili xurmebi Seni gegona da saku-Tar abgaSi Caiwyve. (Tumca isini gamyidvels ekuT-vnoda.) amis gamo sulierebas cota daSordi.~

maSinve wavedi da xurmis gamyidvels Sendoba vTxove. am ambavma gamyidvelzec Zalian imoqmeda da is qvelmoqmedi adamiani gaxda. (feriduddin aT-

Tari, TezqireTul evlia, 122-123)

RvTismsaxureba sulis mkvebavi sulieri sazr-dos moniWebis garda, sxeulis mier materialuri sakvebis miRebiT dabadebuli ZaliT sruldeba. sxeulze halali sakvebisgan madli da zneobri-oba vrceldeba, harami da saeWvo sakvebisgan ki _ dardi, naRveli da ugulisyuroba.

adamianma unda moinanios, RmerTs miteveba sTx-ovos da is axsenos, ganTiadisas man ganTiadi unda gaacocxlos, magram amave dros, ganTiadis nayofiereba mTeliDdRis manZilze unda gahyves

o


256

n

da sulieri kaeSnisgan guli ganiwmindos. udide-si RmerTis simSvidis gamovlinebiT sulieri en-ergiiT aRsavse nayofieri cxovreba unda gaagr-Zelos.

budideso RmerTo, wilad gvargune gulwrfelo-

biTa da RvTismoSiSobiT aRWurvil, RmerTis kmayofilebis mopovebis SemZle mona-msaxurebad, RvTismsaxurebebisgan siamovnebis mimReb bednier adamianebad viqceT! daudevroba, dardi, naRveli da inertuloba mogvaSore, Cvens guls sixalvaTe da simSvide uwyalobe!

amin!

b

mesnevis mixedviT

Suri _ gulSi arsebul mSvenierebaTa gamanadgurebeli

mesnevi: ̀ SuriT Sepyrobilo! gons moege da Senc moipove srulyofileba, sidiade!.. amis Semdeg sx-vebis srulyofilebaze aRar ieWvianeb; sakuTari Tavs dardisa da naRvelis klanWebisagan ixsni!

TviT allahs sTxove Surianobisgan rom gixs-nas, am mZime sneulebisa da xasiaTisagan rom gaga-Tavisuflos!

Seni Sinagani yuradReba sxva rameze gadaitane, guli amaRlebul fiqriT Seivse, raTa, amis Semdeg, Sens irgvliv myof adamianebTan dapirispirebi-sgan da sxvisi naklis danaxvisagan gixsnas!~ (t. 4, 2680-2682)

RvTis mier amqveynad movlenili adamiani, mis ar-sebaSi Cadebuli borotebisa da RvTismoSiSobis

o


258

n

sawyisebTan erTad sakuTar TavTan marto iqna datovebuli. ese igi, adamianis Sinagani samyaro sikeTesa da borotebas Soris gamarTuli brZo-lis velia. Cvens Sinagan samyaroSi gamarTul brZolis velze, uaryofiT safuZvlebs Sors, yve-laze Znelad gasanadgurebeli da yvelze cudi-Suria. rTulia, misi Zirfesvianad amogdeba, raki is erTxel gaidgams fesvebs adamianSi, mas mudmi-vi mousvenrobiT daajildovebs. rwmenis mizania adamians saaqao da saiqio cxovreba Seumsubuqos da simSvide moupovos. simSvidis yvelaze didi mteri ki `eWvianoba~ da misi Sedegi `Suria~.

adamianSi arsebuli Suris grZnobas sixarbe sargeblis miTviseba da sxvisi keTili cxovre-biT gaRizianeba iwvevs. amgvari avadmyofobiT Sepyrobili adamiani sulieri katastrofebisgan yvelaze tragikulSi CaiZireba. gulwrfelobas moklebul adamians Tavisi ugulwrfeloba rom scodnoda, SeiZleba gadarCeniliyo. magram is sa-kuTari Sinagani samyarosgan Tavgzaabneulia. mis-Tvis xafangis momwyobi namdvili mteri TavisTav-Si arsebuli vnebaa.

Surs mravalgvari uaryofiTi gamovlineba axsiaTebs. is individis bunebaSi arsebul sru-lyofil safuZvlebs paralizebas ukeTebs da logikasac asustebs. gadmocemis mixedviT, roca wminda musa sinas mTaze midioda, iq, zurgze SeSa-mokidebuli moxuci Sexvda, romelic sarCos am gziT Soulobda. kacma musas sTxova:

o

Suri

259n

`Cems erT mezobels viri hyavs. SeSas imiT ez-ideba. me ki am moxucebulobaSi zurgiT vezidebi. ra iqneba RmerTs Cems gamo Seevedro, raTa erTi viri mec miwyalobos da am tanjuli cxovrebi-sgan mixsnas.~ wminda musam igrZno, rom rodesac kacma Tqva _ `mezobels viri hyavso~ _ mis mimarT Surisa da eWvianobis grZnobiT iyo Sepyrobili. amitom sinas mTidan dabrunebulma kacs Txovnaze ase upasuxa:

ùdidesi RmerTi Sen virs giwyalobebs. magram erT virs im mezobelsac miscems!..~

am sityvebis gagonebaze moxucma daiyvira:

àra, ar minda! arc me momces da arc mas...~

am novelis Sinaarsis msgavsi sxva bevri magal-iTi moyvana SeiZleba, romlebic aCvenebs, Tu Suri simSvidis raoden damarRveveli da uaryofiTi Tvisebaa.

Suris TavSefarebisa da aRmocenebis niadagi ègoizmi da Tavmowonebaa~, maSin rodesac rwmenis mTavari mizani adamianis egoizmisagan ganwmenda da altruizmis SeZenaa. amis uzrunvelsayofad ki yuradReba unda mivaqcioT da mTeli mondomebiT SevasruloT, RvTismsaxurebebi, romlebic rwmenis srulyofisa da amaRlebisTvisaa saWiro. rogorc cnobilia, rwmenis pirveli nayofi, adamianSi arse-buli gulisxmiereba da RmerTismieri qmnilebe-bisadmi siyvarulia. iseve rogorc adamiani sayva-rels misi siyvarulis Sesabamisad umaspinZldeba

o


260

n

da masTan miRweviTac ki siamovnebas iRebs. es siamovneba ramdenadac maRalia, adamianSi arse-buli Tandayolili sikeTeebi imdenad sustdeba da qreba.

adamianSi arsebuli siyvarulisa da gulisx-mierebis mizezi rwmenis srulyofilebaa. sruly-ofili rwmenis mqoneni nel-nela iseT gulisx-mierebas aRweven, rom maTi es grZnoba yvela sxva arsebas moicavs. amgvar adamianSi siZulvilis, Surisa da eWvianobis msgavsi Tvisebebi nel-nela gaqrobas iwyebs. es imas niSnavs, rom swored Suri gviCvenebs morwmune, saWiroebis Sesabamisad, aris Tu ara amaRlebuli.

sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, `Suri~ aris sakuTari mdgomareobiTa da yofiT daukmayofileblo-ba. cnobilia, rom pirveli danaSuli adamianma swored Suris gamo Caidina.

ase rom, sxvebis bednierebiTa da miRwevebiT ise unda visiamovnoT, rogorc sakuTari bednierebiTa da miRwevebiT. agreTve, yuradReba unda mivaqcioT varT Tu ara maTiT kmayofili da sakuTari Tavi Seumcdarad unda avwonoT. rwmenis principebis mxolod eniT aRiareba sakmarisi ar aris. saWiroa, vecadoT, rom rwmenam Cvens gulSi Rrmad gaidgas fesvebi da am Cvenma mcdelobam ra dones miaRwia imis mixedviT gavigebT, Tu ramdenad gavTavisu-fldiT Surisagan.

cudi zneobisTvis yvelaze efeqturi, sixarbi-sa da Surisgan gaTavisuflebis erTaderTi sa-

o

Suri

261n

Sualeba mcirediT kmayofileba da am TvisebiT gamowveuli simSvidea. radgan samyarosTvis Rmer-Tis mier nawyalobevi xazinebi ar aRiricxeba. al-lahis Suamavaliı brZanebs:

`mcirediT kmayofileba ulevi xazinaa.~ (deilemi,

musnedi, III, 236 hadisi # 4699)

aqedan gamomdinare, simdidris namdvili sazomi mcirediT kmayofilebaa!

bmesnevi: `RmerTis gzaze siarulisas Suri aRiZ-

vreba da mogewebeba. icode, rom Surs Tan eSmakis siSmage axlavs.~ (t. 1, 783)

`eSmaks, wminda adamisTvis sejdis Sesruleba Suris gamo Sercxva. amave mizeziT sakuTar Tavs bedniereba moaklo.

RmerTis gzaze Surze ufro rTuli da saSiSi gadasalaxavi dabrkoleba ar arsebobs. ra bedn-ieria adamiani, romlis gulSic Suri ar aris!

kargad icode, rom sxeuli Suris TavSesafa-ria, misi saxlia. am saxlis binadarni (e.i. adami-anis sxeulis kuTvnili yvela grZnoba): Semecneba, smena, mxedveloba da bedisweriT gansazRvruli grZnobebi, Suris wyalobiT WuWyiandeba.

sxeuli Suris saxlia, magram allahma srulyo-fili adamianebs sxeulebi gaasufTava da gawmin-da misgan.

o


262

n

_ `Cemi saxli gaasufTaveT!~ (sura bayara, aiaTi 125)

aiaTic sulisa da sxeulis ganwmendisaken mogvi-wodebs. sxeuli miwisgan Seiqmna, magram sinamd-vileSi is Suqis xazinaa.

Tu im adamianis SegvSurdeba, romelic Suris grZnobas ar icnobs da mas vumuxTlebT, amis gamo, Cvenive guli gaSavdeba, dalaqavdeba.~ (t. 1, 430-435)

wminda mevlana, zemoT mocemul beiTSi, naTq-vami fraziT. `RmerTis gzaze siaruli~, mianiS-nebs, rom Suri morwmuneSic SeiZleba iyos. es niS-navs, rom mxolod TqmiT _ `virwmune~ Surs ver gaanadgureb.

Suri pirvelad eSmakSi Caisaxa. rogorc cno-bilia, eSmaks wminda adamisTvis sejdesanu Rmer-Tis brZanebis SesrulebaSi xeli `egoizmma~ SeuSala, da is pirvel meamboxed iqca. man cecx-lisgan Seqmnili sakuTari Tavi miwisgan Seqmnil adamze maRla warmoidgina da am mizeziT, udides RmerTs aujanyda. imis gamo, rom eSmaki jineb-is modgmisaa mas adamianebis msgavsad `egoizmi~ gaaCnia. es niSnavs, rom yvela adamianSi erTi eS-makiseuli niSani devs. amis yvelaze cxadi gamov-lineba _ eWvianoba da Suria.

sxeuli saxls hgavs. am saxlis dasufTaveba ki mxolod Surisgan ganTavisuflebiTaa SesaZle-beli. Suris TavSesafrad qceuli saxli, im adgils hgavs,sadac momwamvleli gazia gaSvebuli. iq Wian-Wvelisodena arsebac ki am damRupveli haerisagan sunTqavs. es niSnavs, rom Suris matarebeli adami-

o

Suri

263n

ani nebismier lamaz qmedebas am boroti TvisebiT wamlavs da maT srulyofilebis unars arTmevs. amitomac, adamianuri ganwmendis piroba _ Suris-gan gaTavisuflebaa. es ki mxolod altruizmis grZnobiTaa SesaZlebeli. altruizmis niadagi da saSualeba ki _ siyvarulia. radgan, rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, yvela im arsebis siyvarulis mopoveba da masTan miRweva did siamovnebas gvaniWebs. ase rom keTili saqmis dasawyisi siyvarulia. WeSmar-iti siyvarulis mopoveba ki rwmenis gaTavisebiTa da sulis sifaqiziTaa SesaZlebeli. xolo, roca suli sifaqizes miaRwevs is Surisagan Tavisufl-deba, maSin rwmenis siamovneba yvela siamovnebaze maRla dgas. Surisagan gaTavisuflebul gulSi ki aqamde arsebuli Sexeduleba qonebaze icvleba. ase rom, maSin roca SariaTSi:

_ `Seni qoneba _ Seni, Cemi ki Cemia.~

TariqaTSi:

_ `Seni qoneba _ Senia, Cemic _ Senia.~

sabolood ki mivdivarT daskvnamde, rom: `arc Senia _ Seni da arc Cemi _ Cemi, yvelaferi al-lahisaa!~

bmesnevi: ̀ maSin, roca wminda musa faraonis sasax-

leSi mSvidad cxovrobda, faraoni udanaSaulo bavSvebs xocavda.

grZnobebs ayolili da damorCilebuli fara-

o


264

n

oni sxeulis damangrevel, yvelaze did mters vne-bas aZlierebda da Tan ambobda: `gareSe mteri myavs, romelsac Cemi Surso~! is eWvian pirovnebas ganasaxierebda.

`Tumca misi namdvili moSurne da namdvili mteri, mis mier borotebiT gamokvebli sxeuli, ese igi vneba iyo.

is egoisti, vnebiani pirovneba _ faraons, sx-euli ki musas hgavs. faraoni ambobs _ `sad aris mteri?~ da mis sapovnelad aqeT-iqiT daexeteba, mters gareT eZebs.

adamianSi grZnobebis saxiT gabatonebuli vneba misi sxvadasxva sikTeebiT ikvebeba. is sakuTari Tavis garda yvelas mimarT siZulvils ganicdis da kbens maT.~ (t. 2, 771-775)

rogorc zemoT mocemul beiTSia gamoxatuli, adamiani, romelic ver Seimecnebs, rom misi namd-vili mteri sakuTar TavSi arsebuli vnebaa, fara-onis msgavsad mtrebis Zebnas gareT daiwyebs. Tum-ca, am saxis mteri romc arsebobdes, is adamians imden ubedurebas verasdros miayenebs, ramdensac sakuTari gaSmagebuli vneba. mevlana am WeSmar-itebas Semdegnairad akonkretebs:

`WeSmaritebis mgzavro! simarTlis gageba gin-da?! arc musa da arc faraoni ar momkvdaran. dRes isini SenSi cxovroben. Sens arsebaSi damalulan, Sens gulSi ganagrZoben brZolas. amitomac erT-maneTis winaaRmdeg aRmdgari es ori pirovneba sakuTar TavSi unda moZebno!~

o

Suri

265n

bam sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT wminda edebalim os-

man gzis Semdegi rCeva misca:

`Svilo! yvelaze didi gamarjveba sakuTari Tavis cnobaa. sakuTari Tavis yvelaze didi mteri _ adamiani, anu masSi arsebuli vnebaa. megobari ki Seni sulis Semswavleli, misi aRmzrdeli da im uaryofiTi Tvisebebis mcnobi da gamanadgurebe-lia, romlebiTac Seni sulia Sepyrobili.~

Zalian rTulia adamians gaaCndes im donis Se-mecneba, romelic mas sakuTar TavSi arsebul mters _ vnebas Seacnobinebs. Smagi vneba imdenad iTv-leba adamianis megobrad, ramdenadac mas daimor-Cilebs. gareSe mtris Seswavla da mis sawinaaRm-degod zomebis miReba ufro iolia, vidre Cvens sxeulSi aboboqrebul vnebebTan Widili, radgan is Cvens meSi devs da misi uaryofiTobac ki CvenT-vis Zalian axlobelia. amitomac, mas Semwynare-blurad vuyurebT. es SeiZleba SevadaroT Semdeg magaliTs: adamiani mezoblis bavSvSi danaxul cud Tvisebas sakuTar SvilSi Tu dainaxavs, mas ufro iolad Seegueba, imitom rom SvilTan siax-loves grZnobs. sakuTari vnebac sxvebis vnebasTan SedarebiT, ufro ususuri da uboroto gvgonia.

vnebasTan brZolas is sakiTxi arTulebs, rom is Cveni mes erTi nawilia, amis gamo misi gaTaviseba bunebrivi Tvisebaa. sakuTari bunebis sawinaaRmde-god siaruli ki yvelaze rTuli qmedebaa. maSin,

o


266

n

roca gareSe mtris winaaRmdeg zomebis miReba da misgan Tavis dacva iolia, vnebis winaaRmdeg amis gakeTeba TiTqmis SeuZlebelia. Cvens arsebaSi ar-sebuli dadebiTi da uaryofiTi Tvisebebis xa-siaTidan gamomdinare, is yvelaze Smagi mteria, romelTan brZola da romlisgan Tavdacvac Ses-aZlebelia. am mtris damarcxeba mxolod Suris grZnobis ganadgurebiTaa mosaxerxebeli.

`vinc morwmuneTa dards ar gaiziarebs, is maTT-agani ar aris.~ (haqimi, musTedriqi, IV, 352; heisemi, mejmauz

zevaid, 1, 87)

rodesac sirri saqaTi moswavleebs am hadiss ganumartavda, mas erTma aRelvebulma moswavlem moaxsena:

`maswavlebelo! Tqveni ubani daiwva, nacartut-ad iqca. mxolod Tqveni saxli gadarCa.~

sirri saqaTma sixaruliT amoisunTqa:

_ `RmerTs madloba!~ _ Tqva man.

ocdaaTi wlis Semdeg is megobars gamoutyda:

`me im dros, sityvebis: `RmerTs madloba~, war-moTqmiT wuTierad, magram mainc sakuTar Tavze vifiqre da ubedurebadamtydari adamianebisagan Sors davdeqi. amas ocdaaTi welia vnanob!...~

es magaliTi aCvenebs, rom wmindanobamde amaRle-bul adamianebSic ki egoisturi grZnobebi saxlo-ben da sul mcire xelsayreli SemTxvevis gamo-

o

Suri

267n

CenisTanave Tavs wamoyofen. es magaliTi kargad warmogvidgens sulSi arsebuli yvelaze uaryofi-Ti Tvisebis _ Suris ganadgurebis sirTules.

bmesnevi: `eSmakic damcirebas moerida, maSin

roca CaTvala, rom wminda adamisTvis sejdes Ses-rulebiT da misi maRla dayenebiT sakuTar Tavs daimdablebda. amitom aTasgvar borotebaSi Ca-varda.

mas SeSurda, rom miwisgan Seqmnili adami de-damiwaze RmerTis kanonebis gamtarebeli iyo. am mizeziT, mas sejde aRar Seusrula da sakuTari Tavis amaRleba moindoma. magram simaRle sadRa SerCa? TvalTagan sisxlnarevi cremlebi daaTxia.

abu jehils ki oboli da Raribi muhammedis mier, allahis WeSmariti Suamavlobisa SeSurda. Suris gamo man sakuTari Tavis wminda Suamavalze maRla dayeneba ganizraxa.~ (t. 2, 806-808)

Suri da amis Sedegad naklis Zieba masSi, vi-sic SegSurdeba da sakuTari arsebis masze maRla dayeneba _ eWvis Sedegia. Tumca, sinadvileSi, verc msgavsi fiqri da saqcieli aamaRlebs adamians sx-vebze maRla da verc allahis safexurebze daaw-inaurebs, piriqiT misi daqveiTebis mizezi xdeba. amis yvelaze TvalsaCino magaliTi, eSmakis mier wminda adamisTvis sejdes Sesrulebaze uaris Tq-maa.

o


268

n

kidev erTi WeSmariteba is aris, rom udides

allahs yvela arsebisTvis sikeTe Tanabrad ar

uwyalobebia. sazogadoebis ukonfliqto arsebo-

bisaTvis am mimarTulebiT arsebuli gansxvaveba

aucilebelia. RvTiuri sikeTeebisagan mcire an

didi wilis miRebaze ufro mniSvnelovani sakiTxi

_ adamianisTvis nawyalobevi RirsebisaTvis dak-

isrebuli pasuxismgeblobaa. am gadasaxedidan, yve-

la arsebas Tanabari pasuxismgebloba ekisreba:

bevri sikeTisTvis meti pasuxismgebloba, mcire

sikeTisTvis _ naklebi. amis mixedviT gansjac

ufro iolia. aiaTSi nabrZanebia:

`sabolood, im dRes, Cvens mier boZebuli sike-

Teebisgan, ra Tqma unda, ganisjebiT!~ (sura Teqasuri,

aiaTi 8)

RvTiuri sikeTeebis amgvar dayofas Suri ewi-

naaRmdegeba da esec allahis winaSe yvelaze didi

kadnierebaa. kadnierebis garda es aris RvTiuri

sikeTeebis Tanabrad gaunawileblobis sibrZnis

Seumecnebloba. magaliTisTvis, yvela adamians

Wkua Tanabrad rom boZeboda, sazogadoebriv cx-

ovrebaSi rigiT da Cveulebriv saqmeebze, magali-

Tad quCis menagveobaze, Tanaxma aravin iqneboda.

yvela arsebaze amgvari logikiT Tu vifiqrebT,

mivxvdebiT rom sikeTeebis gansxvavebulad boZeba

sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis SesaZleblobis yve-

laze efeqturi saSualebaa. am RvTiuri dayofis

mizezi yuranSi asea gacxadebuli:

o

Suri

269n

`...erTmaneTis saqmeebis gasakeTeblad adamiane-

bi sxvadasxva ierarqiul safexurze davayeneT!..~

(sura zuhrufi, aiaTi 32)

aqedan gamomdinare, Suri, allahis sibrZnis Se-

umecnebloba da Cvenze dakisrebuli movaleobis

kadnieri uaryofaa. es ki yvelaze sapatio arse-

bisTvis, adamianisTvis, Seuferebeli Tvisebaa. amg-

varad, aseTi grZnoba da saqcieli, ese igi Suri da

eWvianoba, allahis safexurebze urwmunoebis Sem-

deg, adamianis yvelaze damamdablebeli uaryofi-

Ti qcevaa.

bmesnevi: `iusufebi, saZagel Surianebs da eWvi-

anebs emalebian. lamazebic, mtris borotebis gamo Cveulebriv cecxlSi cxovroben.

iusufebi Zmebis mzakvrobis gamo WaSi xvdebian. radgan, sakuTarma Zmebma Suris niadgaze iusufi mglebs miugdes.~ (t. 2, 1405-1406)

(...)

`Zalian gulCvilma iayubma, am mglis msgavsi Suris gamo, iusufisTvis icaxcaxa.

marTalia, namdvili, anu TvaliT dasanaxi mgeli iusufis garSemo ar daZrwoda, magram SuriT na-karnaxevma Zmebis saqcielma, Cadenili borotebiTa da usindisobiT av mglebs gadaaWarba.

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am mtaceblis msgavsma Surma iusufi daglija. Zmebma ki Tqves: ̀ is Cveni tansacmlis gverdiT dav-toveT da wavediT, albaT is mgelma moitaca.~ Zmis amgvari ubeduri dasasrulis gamo, mamisgan tk-bili sityvebiT mitevebac ki iTxoves.

amgvari mzakvrobis gamo is mglidan gamoirCeva. (gamgelebuli Suri) sabolood Sercxveba.~ (t. 2,

1408-1411)

yvelaze mniSvnelovani ram, rac SeiZleba da-vinaxoT yuranSi mocemul wminda iusufis nove-laSi, aris is, rom moSurne adamiani, sabolood samarcxvino mdgomareobaSi aRmoCndeba.

marTlacda, am novelis mixedviT, Zmebi sabo-lood iZulebuli gaxdnen eRiarebinaT sakuTari danaSauli.

maT, TavianTi gautanlobis gamo, mravalgan-sacdelgamovlil Zmas mimarTes da `uTxres: al-lahs vficav, sinamdvileSi allahma Sen Cvenze maRla dagayena. Cven marTlac Secdoma davuSviT.~ (sura iusufi, aiaTi 91)

es niSnavs, rom moSurne, saSurvel adamians zians ver ayenebs, magram sakuTar Tavs amdablebs da Semdeg iZulebuli xdeba inanos.

am novelaSi, kidev erTi, yuradRebamisaqcevi sakiTxi Suris mkurnalobis formaa. wminda iusuf-ma Surisgan sulierad ganadgurebuli, masTan Tx-ovniT misuli Zmebi Seibrala, SimSilobis dros rTul mdgomareobaSi Cavardnilebi Seiwyala da

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271n

gaumaspinZlda; ris Sedegadac Zmebs TavianTi Su-ris SercxvaT da Tqves:

_ `Sen iusufi xar!~

iusufma maTi morcxvoba gaaqarwyla da am saqcieliT isini metad SeboWa.

`(iususfma) maT uTxra: `dRes Tqven ar gZrax-avT, dae, allahma mogitevoT! is mowyaleTagan yve-laze mowyalea.~ (sura iusufi, aiaTi 92)

amgvarad, man, maT gulSi arsebuli Suris avad-myofoba mTlianad mospo.

bmesnevi: ̀ samyaroSi sakuTar mizans miRweuli da

sazrianTa sikaSkaSis moSurne adamiani Seibrale, TanagrZnobiT moeqeci mas da miuteve!

gana aseTi adamiani sakuTari TvalebiT mzis br-wyinvalebas aRudgeba? nuTu mas SeuZlia yoveli dRis siaxle daauZluros da gaaxunos!

Tu is misi usazRvro Suqis daCrdilvas, an im maRali adgilidan Camogdebas SeZlebs, romelic man samarTlianad daimkvidra?

sulierad amaRlebuli adamianebis mimarT _ Suri da maTi damdablebis survili, sakuTari Tav-isTvis maradiuli sikvdili ar iqneba? amis gamoa naTqvami: `yvela moSurnis Suri, mis mierve namoqme-dar sikeTes _ RvTismsaxurebas wvavs.~ (t. 5, 11-14)

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adamianis cxovrebis damdablebisa da amaRleb-is yvelaze efeqturi saSualeba, siZulvilisa da siyvarulis mizanSi amoRebaa. allahis nebismieri megobris siyvaruli, adamians aamaRlebs. winaaRm-deg SemTxvevaSi (e.i. amgvari adamianisadmi siZul-vili da misdami Suris grZnoba), mas daamdablebs da mis cxovrebas mrude gziT warmarTavs. amgvari Suri, rigiTi adamianisadmi gancdil Surze met zarals warmoSobs. radgan allahis sayvareli arsebisadmi nagrZnobi Suri, RmerTis ufro did mrisxanebas iwvevs. am TemasTan dakavSirebiT, wmin-da mevlana brZanebs:

`imis gamo, rom allahis erTgul an mosiyvar-ule adamianebis SurT da maTze eWvianoben eS-makebi, zecidan maTken Tavdayira eSvebian (gaxare-buli)!~

Suri, ise rogorc sxva codvebi, imis mixedviT unda SevafasoT, Tu vis miemarTeba is. am Sefase-bisas, sagulisxmoa, SevibraloT isini, romlebic saTakilo Suris klanWebSi moqceulni arian. im-itom, rom roca is, sakuTari xeliT imdablebs Tavs, amas verc ki amCnevs. Tumca saWiroa cod-vils sibralulis grZnobiT SevaxsenoT, rom `sa-kuTari Tavi codvisgan ver daicva~, es iseTi sru-lyofili TanagrZnobiT unda gavakeToT, rom mas Seuracxyofa ar mivayenoT da ar gavaRizianoT, es yvelas ar xelewifeba.

b

Suri, RvTiuri ganawilebis Sedegad, sxvisTvis nawyalobevi sikeTis gaprotestebaa. gulSi sikeTis

patronisadmi nagrZnobi siave Surisa da avadmyofobis dasawyisi da imis niSania, rom is kvlav ganviTardeba. amave dros

bedisweris winaaRmdeg amboxebaa.

i

S u r igulSi arsebuli mSvenierebis gamanadgurebeli

Suri

gulSi arsebuli mSvenierebis gamanadgurebeli

udidesma RmerTma adamiani yvelaze lamaz ar-sebad Seqmna, mona-msaxurebis pasuxismgebloba daakisra da am mona-msaxurebis aRsrulebisTvis saWiro Tvisebebic uwyaloba. magram, imis gamo, rom es qveyana gamosacdeli adgilia, adamians am TvisebebTan erTad mona-msaxurebis movaleobis aRsrulebaSi xelis SemSleli vnebebic eboZa. im-isaTvis, rom es wuTisofeli, e.i. gamosacdeli ad-gili, warmatebiT ganvlos, adamiani valdebulia vneba iseve umoqmedod aqcios, rogorc yinulSi Camarxuli gveli, raTa am gziT gamarjveba RvTae-briv Tvisebebs darCes.

adamianma, amqveyniuri gamocdis dros, unda gaanadguros Suri rogorc avadmyofoba, romelic gulSi arsebul yvela silamazes xelyofs.

Suri, RvTiuri ganawilebis Sedegad, sxvisT-vis nawyalobevi sikeTis gaprotestebaa. gulSi sikeTis patronisadmi nagrZnobi eWvianoba, Suris avadmoyofobis dasawyisi da imis niSania, rom is kvlav ganviTardeba. amave dros, sakuTari bedisw-eris mimarT amboxebaa.

Surs Senobas Tu SevadarebT, is zneobaze da ganxeTqilebaze agebul nagebobad unda miviCnioT, romlis safuZvelSi _ egoizmi, pirvelobisaken miswrafeba, angareba, sixarbe, Tavis gamoCenis sur-vili, siamaye, Tavmowoneba da msgavsi amoraluri

275n

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n

Tvisebebi devs.

imis gamo, rom Suris fesvebi adamianis Sina-gani samyaros siRrmeSia gadgmuli, vnebis tyved qceuli zogierTi adamiani, miuxedavad imisa, rom egoizmSi yelamdea Cafluli, Tvlis rom Suriani ar aris. mas warmodgenac ki ara aqvs, rom ufskru-lis morevSia CaTreuli.

adamianSi Suris arsebobis damadasturebeli pirveli niSani _ Suris obieqtSi sikeTis gaqro-bis survilia. sikeTis gaqrobis SemTxvevaSi ki, moSurnes gulSi simSvidisa da sixarulis grZno-ba da sadResaswaulo ganwyoba iCens Tavs.

moSurnes, saSurveliıadamianisadmi, siZulvi-lis, veragobis, SurisZiebis, TaRliTobis, Zraxvisa da misi gabaiburebis msgavsi mdabali grZnobebi amoZravebs. is, isedac warmaval sicocxles, oc-nebebiTa da iluziebiT azianebs. garSemo sawam-lavs Tesavs.

wminda mevlana, adamianis Sinagan samyaro-Si Cabudebuli, am sazizRari da gamanadgure-beli Tvisebis gadmosacemad, Semdeg novelas mogviTxrobs:

erTma xelmwifem ori mona iyida da maTi su-lieri mdgomareobis gasagebad, esaubra. xelm-wifis SekiTxvebze mona iseT pasuxebs scemda, romelTa msgavsi pasuxebis gacema sxvebs mxolod didi xnis fiqris Semdeg SeeZloT. amitom mefe am mosamsaxuris sazrianobiT, Wkua-gonebiTa da

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277n

tkbili eniT kmayofili darCa. maSin meore mona moixmo TavisTan.

is xelmwifis winaSe warsdga. dasneulebuls piridan suni amosdioda da kbilebic usiamod Savi hqonda. xelmwifes es mona garegnulad ar moewona, magram misi Tvisebebis gasagebad masTan saubari daiwyo; Tanac sTxova, rom cotaTi ukan daexia:

`am WuWyisa da piridan amomavali cudi sunis gamo moSorebiT dadeqi; Cven SevecdebiT pirve-lad Seni avadmyofobis samkurnalo saSualeba vipovoT; Sen CvenTvis sayvareli adamiani xar, Cven ki gergiliani eqimebi. Seni Seuracxyofa da abu-Cad agdeba ar mogvixdeba. dajeqi, erTi-ori ambavi mogviyevi da Seni azrovnebis dones gavigebT.~

fadiSahi im monas miubrunda, pirvelad rom es-aubreboda da uTxra:L

`wadi! abanoSi Sedi da kargad daibane.~

misi wasvlis Semdeg, mefem meore monas gamoc-dis mizniT hkiTxa:

`Senamde Sens amxanags vesaubre da man Sens Ses-axeb cudi rameebi miTxra. vxedav, rom Seni iseTi ar xar, rogoradac iman dagaxasiaTa. im Surian-ma Sendami kinaRam mtrulad gangvawyo. man Senze Tqva: `qurdia, marTali kaci ar aris, borotebas sCadis, unamusoa.~ Sen raRas ityvi mis Sesaxeb?~

meore monam xelmwifes miugo:

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n

`swored moazrovne, marTlis mTqmel amxanagze mruds ver vityvi. piriqiT, mis mier Tqmulis gamo davfiqrdebi, iqneb aseTi nakli marTlac maqvs da Tu aRmovaCine, maT gamosworebas Sevecdebi. Cemo xelmwifev! SesaZloa, man CemSi bevri iseTi nak-li dainaxa, romelTa Sesaxeb me warmodgenac ar maqvs.~

xelmwifem monas uTxra:

`man Seni naklis Sesaxeb ukve miambo, axla Sen momiyevi misi mankierebis Taobaze!

`Cemo xelmwifev! imasTan erTad, rom Cemi amx-anagi momwons, Cemi Sinagani xma nebas ar maZlevs mis naklovanebebze vilaparako. mis Sesaxeb mx-olod Semdegis Tqma SemiZlia: misi nakli, Cemi azriT, nakli ki ara _ Rirsebaa. is siyvarulis, erTgulebisa da adamianobis magaliTia. misi mdgomareobaa: samarTlianoba, goniereba da mego-broba. misi Tvisebebia: guluxvoba da ubedure-baze xelSewyoba. is imdenad guluxvia, rom Tu saWiro gaxdeba sulsac ar daiSurebs. bedisw-eris morCilis erT-erTi Tviseba isicaa, rom mas sakuTari Tavi ar moswons. is yvelasTvis kargia, magram sakuTari TavisTvis cudi.~

`amxanagi zedmetad ar Seaqo da mis sikeTee-bze saubrisas sakuTaris warmoCenac ar mogindes; radgan, Sens Semdeg mas gamovcdiT da Sen Segrcx-veba.~

monam amaze Tqva:

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279n

`ara! mis qebaSi ara gadamiWarbebia. piriqiT, Cemi megobris Tvisebebi Cems naTqvams aswilad aRe-mateba. mis Sesaxeb mxolod is vTqvi, rac vicodi. magram didsulovano xelmwifev! Cemi naTqvamis Tu ar gjera, me ra unda vqna? Cemi Sinagani samyaros karnaxiT vmoqmedeb da vsaubrob.~

roca meore mona abanodan gamovida, xelmwifem axla is moixmo TavisTan da uTxra:

`janmrTeloba da rac gaklia is sikeTeebi mogepovebinos; magram ra kargi iqneboda, is cudi Tvisebebi rom ar gqonoda, razec Senma amxanagma isaubra. maSin Seni lamazi saxis danaxva adami-anebs gaaxarebda da gaamxiarulebda. Sens naxvas mTeli qveynis fasi eqneboda.~

monam uTxra:

`Cemo xelmwifev! gTxovT im uzrdelis nala-parakevidan mcireodeni mainc miTxariT!...~

`man pirvelad Seni orpirobis Sesaxeb mo-miTxro. aRniSna, rom Sen Sesaxedavad wamali, si-namdvileSi ki ubedureba xar.~

roca monam xelmwifisgan amxanagis naTqvami cudi sityvebi moismina, sibraze moeria, gacofda da gawiTlda. mis mier amxanagis kilva yovelgvar sazRvrebs gascda.:

`is, marTalia pirvelad Cemi megobari iyo, ma-gram piri imTaviTve gafuWebuli hqonda. moSim-Sile ZaRliviT xSirad sibinZures Wamda.~

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amxanagis gasalanZRad monam sakuTar arsebaSi damaluli mTeli siave saaSkaraoze gadmoafrqvia. amaze xelmwifem miugo _ `kmara~ da xelis pirTan mitaniT mimarTa:

`am gamocdis wyalobiT, Tqven ors Soris arse-buli sxvaoba kargad davinaxe. mas piridan suni mxolod fizikuri avadmyofobis gamo asdis, Sen ki sulierad yarxar! sulayrolebulo adamiano, Sors dadeqi! Seni amxanagi Seni mbrZanebeli iqneba da Sen mis brZanebas daemorCilebi. misgan zrdi-loba, adamianoba da saubari iswavle! misi Rirse-bisgan magaliTi aiRe. Suri moiSore. Sen am Su-riT welze qvamobmuli da damZimebuli sabralo adamiani xar. am qviT verc curvas SeZleb da verc siaruls.~

rogorc davinaxeT, adamianis Sinagani samyaro da pirovneba amreklav sarkes hgavs. sargeblis gamo nadiroba da SuriT ganpirobebuli uaryofi-Ti qmedebebi, misi gulis samyaros ise warmogvid-gens, rogorc kardiograma.

mevlanas surs, rom am novelis sibrZniT Sesa-bamisad visargebloT da Semdeg rCevas gvaZlevs:

`adamianis namdvili xasiaTi enis qveSaa dama-luli. es ena ki adamianis Sinagani samyaros gan-masaxierebelia.

qari fardas rom wamoswevs gamoCndeba is, rac saxlSia. ese igi, ucnobi adamianis sulze Camo-farebuli farda maSin aiweva, rogorc ki is vi-

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281n

Tarebidan gamomdinare, erTi-or sityvas ityvis, misi namdvili saxe, gulis samyaro saaSkaraoze gamova da gamoCndeba is, Tu rogori pirovneba, rogori xasiaTis adamiania. misi Sinagani samyaro margalitebiT aris savse Tu xorbliT? iqauroba gulisTvis sixalvaTis mimniWebeli vardis baRia, Tu mxolod namsxvrevebis nagavsayreli? iqauroba saganZuris xazinaa Tu gvelebisa da morielebis bude.

amqveynis morCilo, Sinagani samyarosTvis zianis mimyenebelo, ugulisyurov! ar ici, rom sikvdilis dRes am grZnobaTagan arc erTze aRar ifiqreb?! maSin Surianoba romc Sewyvito, araviTar sargeb-els ar mogitans. miwaSi moxvedrisas Tvalebs mtveri amogivsebs, magram Tuki sufTa sulis pa-troni xar, guli Seni Tanamgzavri gaxdeba. ami-tom sakuTar Tavs kritikulad Sexede! saflavis gamnaTebeli suli da nayofierebis matarebeli guli gaqvs? Sen ecade, moipovo, SenTvis anabrad mobarebuli ukvdavi sulis saganZuri. ecade, Rir-seuli iyo da sixarbisa da Surisgan Sors dadeqi. bevri sikeTe hqmen da RvTimsaxureba aRasrule, rom im silamazeebiT RmerTis winaSe warsdge.

kargad icode, rom sakuTari silamaze cud xasi-aTTan Tanaarsebobis gamo fass dakargavs. ese igi, bilwi Sinagani samyaro farisevluri qmedebebiT ar daimaleba. cxovrebis niri niRabs Camogxsnis.

adamianis garegnobas ki ara mis yofaqcevas,

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gulis samyaros daakvirdi. vinaidan adamianis amamaRlebeli, mxolod da mxolod, misi maRali zneobaa.

icode, rom materialuri forma _ sxeuli, war-mavlobis zRvaSi daikargeba, silamaze _ gaqre-ba da wava. magram sulieri samyaro maradiulad darCeba, is ukvdavia. sulierad aRzrdili Rir-seuli pirovnebis warmavali sxeuli miwad rom iqceva, misi cxovrebis Sesaxeb arsebuli lamazi mogonebebi sxvaTa gulebSi gaagrZelebs sicocx-les. isini warsulad ar iqcevin.

adamiano, egoizmis gamo sxvisTvis minaweri sia-veebi, sinamdvileSi Seni cudi xasiaTis anareklia. is Sen xar! Sen ki sarkeSi danaxuls mopirdapires miawer, Sen sakuTar Tavze saubrob da azianeb mas. wyevlasac Tavad ugzavni.~

Suri, mis obieqtze metad, TviT moSurnisaT-vis zianis mimyenebeli sulieri avadmyofobaa. es ziani adamianis rwmenasTan kavSiris Sesabamisad tragikulad SeiZleba dasruldes. amis Tvalsa-Cino magaliTia _ qaruni, romelic pirvel xaneb-Si, musas Semdeg, Toras (TevraTs) yvelaze kargad kiTxulobda da RvTismosvi morwmune iyo, magram Suris mizeziT sabolood rwmenac ki dakarga. vinaidan is simdidrem gaayoyoCa, wminda musas mdgomareobam gaaRiziana da amitomac, RmerTis SurisZieba daimsaxura. yvela is sasaxle da xazi-na, romelsac is eyrdnoboda aRigava pirisagan mi-

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Suri

283n

wisa. is maradiuli samyaros Rarib-Ratakad iqca.

wminda Suamavali egoizmisa da SurisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli damangreveli Sedegis Sesaxeb hadisSi Semdegnairad gadmogvcems:

`Tqven, Zveli drois erTmorwmuneebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli avadmyofoba mogedoT: _ Suri da mtroba. es pirovnebis amomTxrelia (gamanadgurebe-lia). icodeT, termin amomTxrelSi (gamanadgureb-elSi) liTonis amomTxrels ar vgulisxmob. rwmenis amomZirkvelze (gamanadgurebelze) vsau-brob...~ (Tirmizi, sifaTul yiame, 57)

mevlana ganagrZnobs:

`am borotebas Sen sakuTar arsebaSi ver amCnev, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, sxvebis ki ara, mTeli ar-sebiT sakuTari Tavis mteri gaxdebodi.

Sen, allahiseuli TvalebiT rom Segexeda borotebisTvis, sxvas Searcxvendi, sxvebis nakls dainaxavdi da daudevrad moiqceodi?

damwuxrebulo, dardiano adamiano, nel-nela, nabij-nabij miuaxlovdi sikeTis naTels, rom cecxliseburi xedva Suqad aqcio, sxvebis nak-lovanebebis danaxvamde sakuTar Sinagan samyaros daakvirdi. sakuTari Tavi gaaZliere, rom guli nagvisagan gawmindo.~

Suris sawyisi iseTive Zvelia, rogorc kaco-briobis istoria. ra saocaria, rom yvelaze Rir-seuli adamianebi moSurneebis samizne iyvnen.

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284

n

Suri pirvelad eSmakma gamoavlina wminda ad-amis mimarT. man Suris, siamayisa da egoizmis gamo allahis brZaneba ar Seasrula. amis Semdeg egoizmis niadagze adamis Svilma kaenma, Tavisi RvTismosavi Zma abeli mokla. Zmebis mier WaSi Cagdebuli iusufis gamo ki iayubma TvalTagan sisxlnarevi cremli daRvara. es da kidev sxva mravali SemTxveva Suris Sedegad gulSi gaCeni-li xanZris Sedegia.

ganadgurebuli ojaxebi, ara erTi sazogadoeba da saxelmwifo, swored Suris avanscenebia. Suri individisgan dawyebuli, nabij-nabij, mTeli sa-zogadoebis momcveli, damangreveli ubedurebis mizezia.

hadisSi nabrZnebia:

`frTxilad, ar SegSurdeT! vinaidan Suri madl-sa da sikeTes ise anadgurebs, rogorc cecxli SeSas.~ (abu davudi, edebi, 44; ibn maje, zuhdi, 22)

`adamianebi manam arian xvavsa da baraqaSi sanam erTmaneTis ar SeSurdebaT.

erTmaneTi ar SeiZuloT, ar SegSurdeT, zurgi ar SeaqcioT da kavSiri ar gawyvitoT. allahis mona-msaxurebo, Zmebi iyaviT.~ (buhari, edebi, 57)

meore mxriv, Suris obieqtma, am mavne Tvisebas SuriTve ar unda upasuxos. mas, damwuxrebisa da gabrazebis nacvlad, moSurne unda Seebralos. amave dros, misdami mimarTuli usamarTlobisa da

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285n

Cagvris moTmeniT, SemwynareblobiTa da ataniT jildos mopoveba unda scados. aseve, unda sca-dos, rom am mdgomareobidanac ki mogebuli gamo-vides.

wminda mevlana, amasTan dakavSirebiT, Semdeg maxvilsityvaobas gadmogvcems:

`vardma Tavisi sasiamovno surneleba mavne ek-lis atanis gamo SeiZina. am faqtis WeSmariteba TviT vardisagan moismine, naxe, ras ambobs is:

imis gamo, rom ekalTan erTad var, ratom unda davmwuxrde, davdardiande? me xom vardoba im cudi xasiaTis ekalTan erTad yofnis gamo movi-pove, swored misi saSualebiT movipove SesaZle-bloba, samyaros silamaze da sasiamovno surneli SevTavazo..~

dae, udidesma RmerTma wilad gvargunos bed-niereba nawyalobevi sikeTiT kmayofil, maRali zneobis mona-msaxurTagan viqceT! dagvifaros sx-vebis sikeTeze Tvalis dadgmis, amqveyniuri, var-skvlavuri TavSesaqcevis, droebiTi siyvarulis, iyos sanaxaobebis, sixarbisa da Surisagan. amgvari adamianebis usasoo dasasrulisgan.

amin!

b

mesnevis mixedviT

wminda musa da faraonimevlana, wmida musas gamWriaxobis siRrmesTan

faraonis vnebas ayolili cxovrebis winaaRmde-gobriobas, adamianuri SemecnebisTvis gasagebad, Semdegnairad warmogvidgens:

`wminda musam, faraonisTvis WeSmaritebis qad-agebisas, Tavmdabloba gamoiCina. vinaidan TviT udidesma RmerTma isurva, rom wminda musas mis-Tvis gaweuli qadagebis dros tkbili ena gamo-eyenebina. roca mas faraonma hkiTxa, `vin iyo, visi gvaridan gaxldaT da rogori iyo misi Zveli saxeli _ wminda musam upasuxa:

`me allahis Suamavali var; adamians ukuRmar-Tobisgan vkurnav! warmoSobiT Tixisagan var. mi-wisgan Seqmnili sxeuli sabolood isev miwas daubrundeba! Tumca allahma Tixas suli uboZa

da guli uwyaloba! Cemi saxeli: `allahis usu-suri mona-msaxuri musaa da allahis erT-erTi mona-msaxuris Svili var!~

amjerad, faraonma uTxra: `Sen faraonis mona xar, radgan Seni sxeuli faraonis sikeTiT gam-oikveba da ganviTarda. axla ki simarTles ar aRiareb. Cemi uaryofis gamo umadurobisa da ur-wmunoebas amJRavneb.~

wminda musam upasuxa:

`RmerTma damifaros! allahi erTia. mas moz-iare ar hyavs. adamianebs, Tvinier misa, sxva batoni ar eyolebaT. ugunuris garda mis moziareobas aravin moiwadinebs! vinaidan monoTeisturi rwmena siyvarulSi moziareobasa da cvalebadobas ver itans!

faraono! Sen imisTvisac ar geyofa Zala, rom Cemi warbi an Tundac mweris erTi frTa Seqmna; da rogor SegiZlia Tqva, rom me Semqmeni? Sen Zalian sastiki adamiani xar! radgan allahs moziares uweseb! me Tu SecdomiT kopti movkali, is vnebis gamo ar momiklavs! me mas muStiT gavuswordi. ris Sedegadac, isedac sulierebas moklebulma, im ur-wmuno adamianma suli ganuteva.~

faraonma uTxra:

`ueWvelia, me Senze ufleba maqvs da roca Sen xalxis winaSe cudad momeqeci, Cemi uzenaesobis winaaRmdeg gamoxvedi da Cemi gulis naTeli wyv-

o

wminda musa da faraoni

287n

o


288

n

diadad aqcie es misi darRveva iyo.~

wminda musam amis pasuxad Tqva:

`Tu me ar momismen, ar irwmuneb, sikeTes ar iqm da borotebas ar uaryof, gankiTxvis dRes Seni mdgomareba amaze uaresi iqneba!

garegnulad, me SenSi RmerTobaze pretenzias vebrZvi, magram sinamdvileSi, vcdilob, urwmunoe-bis ekali, romelic Sens sulSia gamjdari, vardis baRad vaqcio.~

faraonma uTxra:

`sinamdvileSi, daxelovnebuli jadoqari xar. egviptelebi, romelTa gulic me mekuTvnoda, Sen orad gaxliCe!~

musam miugo:

`jadoqrobis safuZvelSi ugulisyuroba da urwmunoeba devs, me ki RvTiuri zeSTagonebis qveS vimyofebi.. Cemi suli rwmenis CiraRdania. mesiac ki Cemi sulisken iswrafvis! wignebic ki Cemi su-lisagan naTels iReben!

Sen mxolod varaudob! Cemma RmerTma SenTan rom gamomgzavna, es xom imis mtkicebulebaa, rom man yvelaferi icis? Tan Cemi saswauli Seni urw-munoebis Wrilobis yvelaze uebari wamalia!

Sen amis Sesaxeb, adre, raRac sizmrebic ki gi-naxavs. gangiWvretia, rom roca xelSi kverTxs aviReb, Sen Cems xelze Suqs dainaxav, riTac Sens

o


289n

kadnierebas davamsxvrev! sizmris amxsneli brZeni da varskvlaTmricxvelebi WeSmaritebas mixvdnen, magram WeSmaritebas Sen ver Cawvdi da ver Seimec-ne!

xalxis mmarTveli allahis zneobiT unda aRi-Wurvos! Tumca Sen Seni guli eSmakis saxlad aqcie, vneba yibled gaixade!

amqveynad vnebis tyved qceuli Tqveni msgavsi adamianebi mudmivad Tavs esxmiT rwmeniT macx-ovreblebsa da maT cixeebs! boroto faraono, urwmuno adamiano! morwmune gmirebi mxolod Ta-vianTi Tvinieri da rbili xasiaTis gamo ar dag-esxnen Tavs!

Sen allahis mier TaobebisTvis sicocxlis mim-niWebeli gza, ese igi, dedis saSvilosno, rogor SegiZlia gadaketo? aTasobiT udanaSaulo adami-anis jalaTad iqeci da tiranTagan yvelaze ube-duris saxeli SeiZine. Sen fiqrob, rom samyaros sulieri darabebi Cakete, Tumc Tavad Sens dasabr-maveblad erTi vaJkaci gamovida! ai, is vaJkaci me var; da, Sens survilebs davamsxvrev, Sens saxelsa da didebas gavanadgureb!

ugunuro! icode, rom arsebobs mxolod erTi Zlevamosili da yovlismcodne batoni. is yvelas damsaxurebis Sesabamisad miagebs! nuTu ginaxavs an gsmenia, rom allahisken mimarTuli sikeTe vinmes daekarga, ar daufasa da SeumCneveli darCa?

gansacdeli mxolod sakuTari sibriyvisa da

o


290

n

sisulelis gamo dagatydeba Tavs. amitom, Tuki Sens guls boroteba gaaSavebs, gaige, rom is sa-tanjvelis mxolod dasawyisia. uaryavi rwmenaSi meryeoba, usamarTloba da SeCveuli codvebi moi-nanie, RmerTs maT gamo miteveba sTxove! codvis gamo sasjels ver ganirideb; ucodvelobis SemTx-vevaSi ki _ allahis wyalobas.

`Cemgan mxolod erTi rCeva miiRe da imis mixed-viT imoqmede. Sedegad oTxi kargi Tvisebis, oTxi Rirsebis patroni gaxdebi.~

faraoni dainteresda da ikiTxa:

`musa, romelia is rCevebi, miTxari, im rwmenis sanacvlod, romelic am lamazi dapirebis gamo, Cems urwmunoebas jvarze gaakravs, ras momcem?~

wminda musam upasuxa:

`es rCeva Semdegia, warmoTqvi: `ar arsebobs RmerTi garda allahisa!~ da, aqedan gamomdinare RmerTis erTpirovnuloba aRiare! is, ubadlo al-lahi, zecis, dedamiwis, varskvlavebis, adamianebis, eSmakebis, ferebis, jinebis, frinvelebvis Semoqme-dia! zRvebis, mindvrebis, mTebisa da udabnos Semqm-nelic is aris; mis samflobelos sazRvari ar aqvs da mas msgavsi ar hyavs!

am rwmenis sanacvlod miRebuli oTxi Rirseba ki Semdegia:

pirveli: Seni sxeuli mudmivad jansaRi, ese igi, sulierebiT gabrwyinebuli da ganmtkicebuli iqneba.

o


291n

meore: iseT xangrZliv sicocxles moipoveb, rom sikvdilic ki Seni sicocxlis xangrZlivobas moerideba da Sen ar mogiaxlovdeba! sikvdils mx-olod imitom isurveb, rom darwmundebi sakuTari sxeulis warmavlobasa da miwierebaSi! ese igi, RmerTis siyvaruls srulad Caswvdebi da masTan Sexvedras iswrafeb, radgan gaaTviTcnobiereb, rom sxeuli azrTa aTasobiT kalos eWideba!

Tuki, im maradiuli sikeTis mosapoveblad sx-eulSi arsebul vnebis marcvals daswvav, am gziT allahis morCilTaTvis sayvarel saqmes mihyvebi; sakuTari sxeulisgan gaTavisufldebi, ukvdavi-yofi. sxeulis mtvrad qcevis Semdeg ki sicocx-les gaagrZeleb.

mesame: RmerTze mindobili, saaqaosa da saiqi-oSi usafrTxod icxovreb!

didebulma allahma, Seni tanjvis sanacvlod msgavsi Rirsebebi, amqveynad giwyaloba da Tavad gansaje, sikvdilis Semdeg rogor migiRebs da Segifarebs!

meoTxe: Seni Tmebi imdenad SeinarCuneben si-Savesa da bzvinvarebas, ramdenadac SeinarCuneb sulier simaRles, simxneves; saxe ki Suqisagan ga-ciskrovndeba; guli misi xsenebiT mudmiv simS-vides SeinarCunebs.~

msgavsi RvTiuri sikeTeebis masze gardmovlenis sixaruliT Sepyrobilma faraonma, Tqva:

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292

n

`musa, gTxov, me maT saukeTeso megobarTan gan-vixilav!~

faraonma wminda musas sityvebi Tavis cols, asies, gaumxila. asiem uTxra:

`guldabnelebulo adamiano; nuTu es dapire-bebi mTeli guliT miiRe! ra bednieri xar, rwmenis mze Tavze gvirgvinad aRmogibrwyindeba!

ar ici, rom es sityvebi arc dapirebaa da arc wyaloba; es imis msgavsia, allahma eSmaks rom miutevos, mas Tvalyuri rom miadevnos! nuTu dide-bulma allahma Sen aseTi sikeTiT dagajildova?! gasaocaria! marTlac saocaria, rogor moxda, rom sixarulisgan guli budidan ar amogivarda?!~

Tumca, am sibrmaveSic saocreba devs, magram es ramdenad xangrZlivi iqneba? ukurnebeli da usaz-Rvro gulgriloba sulisa da gonebis sawamla-vad ar unda geqces!

erTi marcvlis sanacvlod, Sen asobiT marcva-li, erTi oqros sanacvlod ki _ asobiT oqros madani geboZeba!

`vinc allahTan erTadaa, allahi masTan erTad aris.~ (ajluni, qesful hafa, II,272)

am hadisSi mocemuli sibrZnis mixedviT, rode-sac warmavali arseba, ukvdav arsebas miekedleba Tavadac ukvdavebas SeiZens!

qarisa da miwisagan Seviwroebuli da maTgan

o


293n

ganadgurebuli wveTi, zRvas Tu SeuerTda, mzis mcxunvarebac gadaurCeba da miwisgan Sewovnasac. marTalia, im wveTis TavisTavadoba zRvaSi Cai-kargeba, magram is mis nawilad qcevis gamo, mara-diulobas SeinarCunebs!

es gacvla-gamocvla umdablesi safexuridan umaRlesamde zeaRvslis msgavsia da es yvelaze didi wyalobaa! Tumca am wyalobiT wyalobac ki ikargeba!~

asies mier micemuli rCevebis gamo, faraonma Tqva:

`hamansac moveTaTbirebi, misganac vikiTxav Wkuas. radgan xelmwifem sakuTari vezirebis mosazrebac unda gaiziaros!~

hamani faraonis modgmis iyo. faraonma, raki is martod myofi naxa, mouTxro is, rac mas awuxebda.

hamani RmerTis wyalobas moklebuli iyo, ami-tom faraonis monaTxrobis gamo moTqma-godeba da kivili morTo. man qudi da Calma Zirs daagdo da ambobda:

`dido xelmwifev, dRemde yvelasTvis RmerTi iyavi, yvela muxls iyrida Sens winaSe. axla ki yvelaze uRirsi, yvelaze Seuracxyofili adamiani unda iyo?

xelmwife monas rom daemorCilos da eymos, ma-Sin dedamiwa zecad unda gardaisaxos, zeca ki dedamiwad. dRemde aseTi ram ar momxdara da arc

o


294

n

amis Semdeg moxdeba!~

maSin, roca faraoni WeSmariti xelmwifobisa da bednierebis zRurblTan idga, hamanma am cudi da ugunuri sityvebiT mas rwmenisa da simarTlis gza mouWra, e.i. ar misca imis saSualeba, rom Sinagan xmas mihyoloda, WeSmaritebas ziareboda. msgavsi veziri arc erT xelmwifes ar unda hyavdes.

wminda musam, amis gamo, Tqva:

`me sikeTe vqmen, guluxvoba gamoviCine, magram allahs man Seni wilxvedroba ar arguna!~

xalxis mier boZebul xelmwifobas ki isev xalxi wagarTmevs, iseve, rogorc sesxad mocemul fuls! sulelo! warmavali xelmwifoba samyaros mflobels, ese igi allahs mieci, rom Sen namdvi-li sasulTno giwyalobos! Sen sakuTar megobrad da mesaidumled gaqcios!

b

WeSmaritebis Tanamgzavro! simarTlis gageba gsurs? musa da

faraoni ar momkvdaran, dRes isini SenSi cxovroben, Sens arsebaSi arian Camalulni, Sens gulSi

ganagrZoben brZolas!

i



udidesi RmerTi `Sems~ suraSi gvamcnobs, rom adamianSi ganaTavsebs `codvilobasa~ da `RvTis-moSiSobas~ da rom gadarCeba mxolod is, vinc vne-bas gaanadgurebs da RvTismoSiSobasTan miaRwevs, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, is survilebs ayolil, Si-nagani samyaros codvebiT dambnelebel adamianad iqceva.

am gadasaxedidan Tu SexedavT, adamianis guls ori mimarTuleba aqvs, radgan is or kontrastul safuZvels sikeTesa da borotebas eyrdnoba da maTi brZolis asparezia. wminda mevlana, adamianis Sinagan samyaroSi gamarTuli am winaaRmdegobis Sesaxeb, Semdeg bwkarebs gadmogvcems:

`adamianis Sinagani samyaro im tyes hgavs, sadac yvelaze veluri mtaceblidan dawyebuli yvelaze Tvinieri da sayvareli mxecia warmodgenili.

`..Cemi sulisgan mas STavbere!...~ (sura hijri, aiaTi 29)

es aiaTi Tu ici, am RvTiuri nayofierebisgan wils Tu iReb, adamianis areul da saocar Sinagan samyaros daakvirdi!

adamianis arsebaSi uamravi mgeli da uTvalavi Roria; sufTa, WuWyiani, lamazi, maxinji, sayvareli, cxeli da civi _ aTasobiT xasiaTi devs.

pirovnebaSi, romeli xasiaTic gaimarjvebs, is swored imis mixedviT Camoyalibdeba. madneulSi,

297n

o


298

n

romelSic oqro da spilenZia areuli da maTgan oqro ufro metia, es liToni oqrod CaiTvleba.

Sens arsebaSi romeli xasiaTic Warbobs da mbrZaneblobs, is xasiaTi patronma pirutyviviT unda gaxednos; radgan grZnobebi arsebebTan er-Tad arian.

adamianSi cxovrebis erT periodSi mgluri xa-siaTi gamovlindeba; dro mova da simkacre an-gelozebriv simSvided gardaisaxeba. mTvaris ms-gavs iusufs daemsgavseba.

sikeTec da borotebac faruli gziT gulidan gulSi gadadis.

Smagi da urCi cxeni ToxarikiT siaruls iwyebs; daTvi TamaSobs, Txa salams aZlevs.

adamianSi ZaRlisTvis damaxasiaTebeli Tvise-bebi iCens Tavs. grZnobebis aRzrdiTa da gawvrT-niT ZaRli an saxls darajobs an faras mwyemsavs, is guSagia da adamianis gankargulebaSi dgeba.

`ashabi qehfis~ ZaRlSi ki im RvTismosavi ax-algazrdebis xasiaTisagan iseTi rwmena gadavida, rom is sabolood wavida, allahis maZiebeli gax-da da yuranSi daimkvidra adgili.

adamianis gulSi, drodadro, sxvadasxva mid-rekilebebi iCens Tavs. suliereba adamians an-gelozs amsgavsebs, xolo sapirispiro vnebisadmi morCileba eSmakad aqcevs, aafTrebs. RmerTs aRar scnobs.

o


299n

azrTa falavnebisa da wmindanebis samkvidreb-el im WeSmaritebis tyeSi, gulebis maxisken mi-mavali faruli gza devs. wmindanebi im maxeebs scnoben da maTi ganadgurebiT sakuTar gulebs boroti vnebisa da mRelvarebisagan aTavisufle-ben; maT mxolod RvTaebriv sikeTes aziareben.

Sinagani samyaroTi ZaRlze dabla mdgomo adamiano! Seni mdgomareobis gamo uimedobaSi ar Cavarde! Tu Senc gsurs WeSmaritebis tyeSi su-lieri siamovneba miiRo, maTi codnisgan mcire wil mainc eziare.

Tuki uxeiro xar, im Zvirfasi margalitebisgan Seni wili aiRe! Tuki atareb, dae, iseTi Zvirfasi tvirTi atare.~

rogorc am bwkarebidan Cans, Cveulebriv, adami-ani samyaros dapataravebuli modelia da gare-samyaroSi arsebuli yvela WeSmariteba adamianis Sinagan samyaroSi aucileblad gamovlindeba. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom ise rogorc TeslSi im-aleba yvela is Tavisebureba, romelsac am Tes-lisagan aRmocenebuli mcenare an xe SeiZens, ada-mianSic samyaroSi arsebuli yvela WeSmariteba gansakuTrebuli formiTaa warmodgenili. yurani ki adamianisa da samyaros mTavari kanonisa da wesebis yvelaze SesaniSnavi da yvelaze swori ganmartebelia. misi fasi eniT aRuwerelia. morw-muneni, romelTac gagebuli aqvT yurani samyaros ganmgeblis uzenaesobis gamomavlineblebi arian.

o


300

n

istoriis furclebze Semonaxuli uamravi wmin-danisa da maTi sapirispiro Tvisebebi aRWurvili adamianebis saxelebi, sinamdvileSi, winaaRmdego-brivi samyaroa. am orTabrZolaSi gamarjvebuli adamianis mdgomareoba da interesebi mmarTvelobs. wminda mevlana, musasa da faraonis magaliTiT, am sakiTxs Tvalwin gvicocxlebs:

`WeSmaritebis Tanamgzavro! simarTlis gageba Tu gsurs, musa da faraoni ar momkvdaran, dRes isini SenSi cxovroben, Sens arsebaSi arian Cama-luli, Sens gulSi agrZeleben brZolas.~

amave sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, muhiiddin arabi brZanebs:

`Cemi suli _ musa, goneba ki _ harunia. vneba _ faraoni da survilebiT gataceba _ faraonis veziri hamania.~

bTuki adamianis Sinagan samyaroSi wminda musa

da faraoni erTad saxloben, sakuTari Tavis gasacnobad da arCevanis gasakeTeblad, sasarge-blo iqneba, Tuki realurad arsebuli am ori pirovnebis biografias gavixsenebT.

rogorc cnobilia faraoni uxeSi vnebis tyved iqca, sakuTari Tavi RmerTad gamoacxada da Tavi-si mmarTveloba usamarTlobaze daafuZna.

usamarTloba adamianis mier Segnebulad an

o


301n

Seugneblad sxvebis sulisa da sxeulisTvis tan-jvis miyenebaa. usamarTloba mowyalebas mok-lebul gulebSi hpovebs adgils. misi wyaro ki: sixarbe, Suri, siZulvili da angarebis msgavsi mdabali cxoveluri instiqtebia. kacobriobis istoria aRsavsea Tavzardamcemi usamarTlobis aTasobiT sceniT.

amis erT-erTi magaliTia, roca nanaxi sizmriT SeSinebulma, usamarTlo da usindiso faraonma, taxtidan Camogdebis SiSiT ebraelebis yvela ax-aldabadebuli vaJis mokvla brZana. es tiraniaSi gadaizarda. muhiddin ibn arabi gadmogvcems:

`faraonma wminda musas gamoCenis SiSiT, mis gasanadgureblad 980000 udanaSaulo Cvili moakv-levina. sinamdvileSi, yvela am bavSvs wminda mu-sas dasaxmareblad, misi rwmenisa da sulierebis gasaZliereblad klavdnen. radgan faraoni da faraonis ojaxi musas jer kidev ar icnobdnen, magram RmerTi xom icnobda. ra Tqma unda, yoveli maTganis Camqrali sicocxle musas kuTvnileba gaxdeboda. radgan mizani swored es iyo.~

rodesac faraoni udanaSauloebs xocavda da usamarTlobis mwvervalze imyofeboda, udidesi RmerTi, amavdroulad, mis sasaxleSi sayvarel nergs zrdida wminda musas saxiT!..

wminda musa pataraobidanve faraonis sasaxle-Si, allahis mfarvelobis qveS izrdeboda. roca is gaizarda da Wabukobis asaks miaRwia, erTi

o


302

n

ebraelis, faraonis puris mcxobelis monobisagan gaTavisufleba gadawyvita da am dros, es kopti Semoakvda. SeSinebuli egviptidan gaiqca. am gaqce-visas medinaSi Casuli musa, wminda Suaibs Sexvda. Svid wels wminda Suaibs mehirad emsaxura da mis erT-erT qaliSvilze daqorwinda. xelmeored egvipteSi dabrunebisas ki wminda Tuvas mindorSi musas Suamavloba eboZa da ebrZana faraonisTvis rwmena eqadaga.

yuranSi mocemuli meTodi, romlis mixedviTac musas faraonisTvis rwmena unda eqadaga, mas al-lahisagan gadmoeca:

`mas tkbili sityviT mimarTeT. SesaZloa, man gonebas mouxmos an SeeSindes.~ (sura Taha, aiaTi 44)

amgvarad, Smagi urwmunoc rom iyos, saWiroa mas tkbili sityviT vuqadagoT.

`Sen da Senma Zmam aiaTebi (saswaulebi) erTad waiReT. Cemi xsenebisganac Tavi ar SeikavoT!~ (sura Taha, aiaTi 42)

es aiaTi, Cvens yuradRebas iqcevs qadagebis xa-siaTis gansazRvriTa da allahis mier misi sauke-Teso gzis dasaxelebiT.

maSin, roca musa da haruni Suamavlebi iyvnen da udidesma RmerTma maT Tavisi xseneba mainc ubr-Zana, es RvTiuri brZaneba ramdenad mniSvnelovani unda iyos CvenTvis. gulis aRzrda yvela morwmu-nisTvis aucilebelia. ise rogorc rwmenis cen-

o


303n

tri, RmerTis xsenebis centric gulia. rodesac gulSi RmerTis xseneba ikavebs adgils, mas namd-vili simSvide eufleba. aiaTSi nabrZanebia:

`...kargad icodeT, rom gulebi mxolod alla-his xsenebiT mSviddeba...~ (sura radi, aiaTi 28)

bRmerTo! Sen gevedrebiT, rom im mcire drois

periodSic ki Tvalis daxamxamebas rom sWird-eba, vnebis tyved nu gvaqcev. Cven Seni xsenebiT simSvidemopovebul, RvTismoSiS, codvilobisagan Sors mdgar mona-msaxurebad Camogvayalibe. Rmer-To, CvenSi arsebuli faraoni Seni rwmeniTa da wyalobiT gaanadgure, Cveni sulebi codvebisagan ganwminde.

amin!

b

sarCevi

winasityvaoba ................................................................... 7

salamuris novela ...................................................... 15

mesnevis mixedviT salamuris kvnesa anu

srulyofili adamianis gulis xma .......... 21

srulyofili adamianis

gulis xma salamuris gminva ........................... 39

mesnevis mixedviT

WeSmariti megobroba ................................. 49

WeSmariti megobroba ............................................. 73

mesnevis mixedviT maradiuli

siyvaruli da yofierebis Suqi .............. 86

maradiuli siyvaruli

da wminda Suamavali ............................................. 107

Suamavluri kalendris

pirveli da bolo gverdi ................................... 108

misticizmis gansakuTrebuloba .................... 111

mesnevis mixedviT Suamavlis zneoba ...... 114

Suamavlis zneoba ..................................................... 129

304

n

mesnevis mixedviT gaunawyenebloba ....... 140

gaunawyenebloba ......................................................... 165

mesnevis mixedviT

gamaognebeli siamaye ................................ 178

gamaognebeli siamaye ........................................... 199

gulis Zirmagara

anu siamaye da Tavmowoneba ........................ 209

mesnevis mixedviT

ugulisyurobisgan xsna ............................ 222

ugulisyurobisgan xsna ....................................... 243

mesnevis mixedviT Suri _ gulSi arsebul

mSvenierebaTa gamanadgurebeli ............ 257

Suri _ gulSi arsebuli

mSvenierebaTa gamanadgurebeli ............ 275

mesnevis mixedviT

wminda musa da faraoni ........................... 286

wminda musa da faraoni .................................... 297

b

o

sarCevi

305n

ukvdavebis wylis wvetebi

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