Unit 3 Language in use

Unit 3 Language in use

冠 词冠词是放在所说明的名词之前的词 ,说明名词所指的人或事物 , 是虚词。冠词分为定冠词和不定冠词两种 , 不定冠词是 a 和 an, 定冠词是 the 。

1. 不定冠词的用法：不定冠词仅用在单数可数名词前，表示“一”的意义。

1) a 和 an 的区别：用 a 还是 an ，要以它们后的那个名词或形容词的读音的第一个音素为主， 也就是元音开头用 an ，辅音开头用a ，而不是看是否是元音字母。

2) 用在名词前，强调的是名词的类别，而不强调数， one 是强调个数。

A plane is a machine that can fly.

3) 表示“某一” A Mr Wang is waiting for you.

一个姓王的先生在等你。4) 表示某类人或事物当中的任何一个， 相当于 one 。 This is an apple.

5) 表示“每一个”，用在表示时间，速度 价格的名词前。 We have three meals a day.

6) 表示“一个……式的人” He is a Lei Feng of our class.

2. 定冠词的用法 : 表示人或某些特定的人或事物。可与名词的单，复数连用。

1) 表示特定的人或事物 2) 指双方都知道的人或事物 3) 指世界上独一无二的东西 the sun,

the

moon, the earth

4) 重复提起上文提到的事或人 5) 放在形容词最高级和序数词前

6) 方位，乐器前加 the

7) 江，河，湖，山脉，杂志，报纸等名 称前8) 在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或 夫妇两人9) 在某些专有名词前10) 和某些形容词连用表示一类人或事物11) 在固定词组中

3. 零冠词的用法 1) 复数可数名词前，表示人或物的类 别，或泛指不定量的人或物 Horses are useful animals.

2) 球类运动、棋类游戏前 play football play chess

3) 名词前有 this , that, these, those 或形容 词性物主代词前 this book his bike

4) 三餐前 have breakfast have lunch

5) 与 by 连用的交通工具名称前 by bus by train

6) 建筑物、路名、街名、桥名、广场名、公园名、学校名

Water Park

7) 某些固定搭配的词组 in public in hospital go to bed

A. Write a, an, or the where

necessary.

Mina lives in a big city. She is ___eighteen-year-old girl. She’s got ___brother and __ sister. Mina is ___ oldestchild in ___ family. ____ City where shelives is very big. ____ population is morethan 10 million. Mina doesn’t have ___education. She has __ job working in __factory. She hopes that one day she willhave __ chance to go to __ school.

an

aa the

the The

Thean

a a

a /

B. Write the words with a, an, no article( / ) or in plural form.

crime experience hospital job population rubbish traffic

1. The (1) __________ of many countries is increasing quickly. Because of this, it is difficult to provide enough (2) ______ which people need.

population

jobs

hospitals

crime

rubbish

2. People who are ill need places in (1)

________. Policemen are also needed to

fight (2) _______. The cities and

countryside need to be clean and free

from (3) _______.

3. And because of too many cars, trucks

and buses, there are a great number of

(1) ______ problems. This is not right.

Living in a city should be an (2)

__________ which people enjoy, no one

which is bad for them.

traffic

experience

C. Complete the conversation with a, an, the or no article( / ).

1. A: we’re going on/holiday/at/end of

/school term

We’re going on the holiday at the

end of the school term.

2. B: are you going skiing in/mountains again? Are you going skiing in the mountains again?3. A: all/people who have been there say

it’s one of/most beautiful places in/ world

All the people who have been there say it’s one of the most beautiful places in the world.

4. A: no, we’re going to/ Sicily

No, we’re going to Sicily.

5. B: is that/capital city of / Italy?

Is that the capital city of Italy?

6. A: no, it’s/ island/off/west coast of/Italy

No, it’s the island off the west coast

of Italy.

Work in pairs. Guess the population of each country and match the two lists.

Australia

the Bahamas

China

United Stats of

America

1,300,000,000

297,000,000

20,137,000

303,000

1. Which city had the largest population in 2000?

Tokyo had the largest population in 2000.

2. Which city’s population will increase fastest from 2000 to 2015?

Mumbai’s population will increase fastest from 2000 to 2015.

3. Which will be the larger, the increase in New York’s population or in Mexico City’s?

The increase in Mexico’s population will be larger.

4. Which will be smaller, the increase New York’s population or Mumbai’s?

The increase in New York’s population will be smaller.

Talk about the population of the city

you live in now, 10 years ago and 10 ye

ars from now.

Free talk

Complete the diagram showing population problems.

air city countryside crime

hospital increase illness water

People move from _______________People arrive in _______________Problem: Population _________

Problems for the enviroment Examples: pollution of ___________________ ________________ ____________________

Health problemsExamples:__________________________________

the countrysidethe cityincreases

water; the air…

too many illnesses;not enough hospitals

Problem for policeExamples:________________crime

Listen and choose the best summary.1. You don’t have to own a car in order

to drive one.

2. Members of a car club don’t often

use public transport.

3. Car clubs are still to be introduced to

the USA.

Listen again and answer the questions.1.Which is the main advantage of using a

car for transport?

You may use a car to get around in

cities.

2. How can you save money by joining a car club?

3. In which way do members of car clubs improve their health, and the health of

the planet?

You needn’t to pay the repair costs and vehicle taxes by joining a car club.

By joining a car club, members use the car less. They take public transporting instead, or walk or cycle. This is healthier

World population and water in the year 2050

58%24%

18%

1. 58% people will have enough

water

2. 24% people will have some water

3. 18% people will not have enough

water

根据 Around the world 中“ Population and water” 的内容判断下列句子正 (T) 误(F) 。( )1. Overpopulation and water shortage are the main problems in many countries.( )2. Because of overpopulation, it’s more difficult for people to make food.( )3. There used to be more available water than now.

T

F

T

( )4. 3% of people will have no water

in the year 2050.

( )5. In fact, overpopulation and

pollution are problems that cause

the shortage of good clean water.

F

T

ExercisesExercises

请用正确的冠词 (a, an, the) 填空。如不用冠词则填“ ×” 。1. You dropped __“u” and __“s” in this

word.

2. There is _ pen on the desk. ___ pen is

mine.

3. I like playing __ basketball, but I

don’t like playing ___ piano.

ana

Thea

×

the

4. He drove the car at the speed of eighty

kilometers __ hour.

5. I think English is _ useful subject. Do

you think so?

6. He had __apple and __ glass of milk

for __ supper.

an

a

an a

×

7. —Who is ___ boy?

—He is my __ best friend.

8. Does Bob come from ___USA or __

Australia?

9. Linda works in _ hospital. Her sister

works in ___ same hospital.

10. How do you go to work, by __bus or

on __foot?×

×

the

the ×

a

the×

HomeworkHomework

Module task: Making a graph.