Unit 5

The power of nature

Reading

高二人教新课标版选修六

How many kinds of natural How many kinds of natural disasters do you know?disasters do you know?

natural disasters

typhoonflood

volcano earthquake

firetornado

Pre-reading

Natural disasters

Volcanoes

Natural disasters

Volcanoes

Let’s learn some words about volcano.

gas

liquid

solid

lava

vapour, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, sulphur['sʌlfə] [ 化 ] 硫磺

bits of rock and volcanic ash, etc.

Who will climb into a live volcano to take the temperature of the boiling rock inside?

volcanologists

Collect and evaluate information about volcanoes.

What kind of things might a volcanologist do?

Are you suitable for being a volcanologist?

Questions Yes No

1. Do you like working outside as well as inside?

2. Do you enjoy travelling to unusual places?

3. Do you enjoy taking risks?

4. Do you dislike doing the same thing everyday?

5. Do you like adventure in your life?

6. Are you interested in studying rocks and other things that make up the surface of the earth?

An Exciting Job

Working as a volcanologist

What might be talked about?

What does a volcanologist do? Is the work important?

His work can help save many lives because

people in the path of the lava can be warned

to leave their home.

The writer expressed his love for

his job as a volcanologist and told

us one of his unusual experience

in Mount Kilauea, Hawaii.

What’s the main idea of the article?

Where is the Mount Kilauea?

Part 1(Para 1-2)

Part 2(Para 3-4)

Part 3(Para 5)

The writer’s job and its importance

The writer’s experience of watching the volcanic eruption

The reasons for the writer’s enthusiasm about his job.

Read again and try to find out main idea of each part.

Part one (Para. 1- 2)

1. Why is a volcanologist’s job important?

2. Where is Mount Kilauea? 3. The writer doesn't mind the occasional danger of his job because ______________

_____________________.

It can warn people when the volcano is going to erupt and save many lives.

In Hawaii.

him and makes him feel alive

danger excites

Job: ____________

---to _____________________________

---to ______________________________

______________________________

importance: ______________________________

_______________________________________

__________________

feelings (adj.): _____________ -- __________

-- ___________

Fill in the blanks.

volcanologist

collect information for a database

help scientists to predict where

lava will flow and how fast

protect ordinary people from volcanoes

excited

/Save people’s lives by warning them to

leave their homes.

never bored

feel alive

Part two (Para. 3- 4)

4. Why is the lava that flows on Mount Kilauea

more dangerous than the actual eruption?

The lava can cover up or burn villages in

its path. The rocks from the volcano usually

don’t damage anything because no one

lives near the crater.

my bed began shaking

a strange sound

My bedroom became as bright as day

an abosolutely fantastic sight

red hot lava was fountaining hundred

of metres into the air

5. What made the author realize that an eruption occurred ?

The light was caused by the red-hot rocks and gas that erupted from the volcano.

put on white protective suits, helmets, big boots

dropped as closed as possible to the crater

slowly make our way to the edge of the crater

looked down into the red boiling center

6. What did the scientists do after the eruption?

7. What does the writer mean by using “lucky” in the sentence “I was lucky enough to have a much closer look at it.”?

8. Why did the scientists have to get close to the volcano after it began erupting?

To get some lava for later study.

•It was his first sight of an eruption.

•It was the first time for him to watch the crater.

9. Why was it difficult for the writer to walk towards the edge of the crater ?

The writer wore special protective suits that made it difficult to walk.

My first experience:

I was ____ asleep when my bed began _______

and I heard a _______ sound, like a ______

passing nearby. Then I found my bedroom was

as ________ as day, and red lava ___________

hundreds of meters into the air.

fast shaking

strange train

bright fountaining

Fill in blanks about the writer’s experience of the volcano.

The next day, three of us wanted to get close

to the ______. We put on ___________suits,

________, big _______ and special ______,

which made us look like __________. We

slowly ________________ to the edge of the

crater to collect some _____ for ____________.

helmets boots gloves

spacemen

made our way

lava later study

protectivecrater

Part three(Para. 5)

10. What does the writer find impressive

even after studying volcanoes for more

than twenty years?

The author is impressed by the beauty

of the eruption and also by its potential

to cause great damage.

Analyze the writer’s feelings(Part 3) Find out the words (para1 and para 5) that

indicate the writer’s feeling about being a

volcanologist.

Para 1: never bored; excited; alive;

An Exciting job

Para 5: enthusiastic; amazed

1.The writer is an adventurous man.

2.The writer loves his job very much.

3. It’s not easy to be a volcanologist.

4. Love and interest is what it takes to

do a job well.

5. Courage …

What can we learn from these words?

1. Having learnt a little more about the

work of a volcanologist, do you think

it is an occupation you would enjoy?

Give your reasons.

2. In pairs discuss what skills you think a

volcanologist should have. Make a list.

Post-reading

No, I probably wouldn’t enjoy this job

because I would have to live in other

countries and also I don’t like being in

dangerous situations. Also, I’m not very

good at science.

Suggested answers:

Yes, I’d love to do a job like this because

I would enjoy working outside and I think

I would enjoy the adventure. It would be

exciting to meet people from different

countries and I would feel good about

helping people avoid danger.

or

Essential skills Degree and/or Doctor’s degree in geologyInterest in Earth science which includes: Knowledge of volcanoes Knowledge how magma erupts and how it behaves Research skills Skill in analyzing and interpreting research results and other information Practical skills for performing experiments and operating scientific equipment

Desirable skillsComputer skillsForeign languages Practical skills such as: the ability to read maps problem-solving skills planning and organizational skills communication skills writing skills, for writing reports and for publications

1 Fred Spears

works in a wildlife park looking after wild animals; loves nature and spends his holidays climbing mountains

2 Susan Kelp

has studied geology at university; very interested in volcanoes; has visited Mount Etna in Sicily, Italy

3 Charles Wild

is a medical doctor; works in a laboratory doing research on disease; loves adventure holidays; wants to analyse volcanic samples

Look at these three people who would like to study volcanoes. Which one would you choose to become a volcanologist? Give your reasons.

Fred Spears:

He has the interest but not the qualifications. So he is not a good choice to become a volcanologist.

Susan Kelp:

She has studied geology and has an interest in

volcanoes. She has all the necessary qualifications

but she does not have practical experience

devising experiments and analyzing data.

Charles:

He is a medical doctor with an interest in

volcanoes. He has experience of conducting

experiments but does not have the specific

qualifications needed to become a

volcanologist.

I would choose Susan Kelp because she has

the necessary qualifications and the interest.

Although she has not yet conducted

experiments she will either have learned the

techniques during university course or be able

to learn them on – the – job. She seems to be

the most suitable candidate.

So

Phrases in the text

火山爆发 冒险 组成、构成 遍及世界 被任命为 收集…的信息 被警告做 烧成平地

volcano erupting take risks make up all over the world be appointed as collect information about be warned to do burn to the ground

Phrases in the text

熔岩 睡的很香 注意 在远处 绝妙的景色 前往 对…热情

boiling rocks fast asleep take notice in the distance a fantastic sight make one’s way be enthusiastic about

1. Can you imagine climbing into a live volcano in order to measure the temperature of the boiling rock inside?live adj. 活的 ; 实况转播的 ( 修饰物 )live animals live coverage of the World Cup 世界杯的实况转播live coals 燃烧着的煤块 Pollution is still very much a live issue.污染仍然是目前非常让人关注的问题。

Language Points

alive 活着的 , 在世的 , 存在的 ; 有活力的 ,

活跃的 , 有生气的 ( 表语 , 宾语 , 后置定语 )

He is alive in every nerve.living 活着的 , 现存的 a small living thing

( 表语 , 前置定语 )

lively 充满活力的 , 活泼的 , 轻快的 , 充满趣味的Can you imagine his appearing in the live show

in order to make the programme lively?

你能想象为了使得这个节目有趣 ,

他竟然出现在现场直播表演中 ?

2. Do you enjoy taking risks?

risk n. 风险 , 危险 He was taking a risk by overtaking

on a bend.

他在转弯处超车是在冒风险。 The house is a fire risk.

这房子有起火的危险。

短语联想 : 在危险中 at risk

冒…的危险 at the risk of

冒险 take/run a risk

冒险做某事 risk doing sth

他冒着自己的生命危险救了我的命。He saved my life at the risk of his own.

他愿意冒险、尝试新事物。He is willing to take risks and try new things.

You are at risk if you don’t wear a seat belt.

不系安全带真的会有危险。

3. equipment 意为“设备 , 装备” , 是不可数名词。

表示“一件设备”要用 a piece of equipment 。

类似用法的词还有 : furniture, information,

news, advice, clothing 等。

equip  vt. 装备 , 配备

equip sb./sth. with sth. 给某人 / 某物装备某物

be equipped with sth. 装备着某物

well-equipped  adj. 装备完善的

bored boring

I am _____ with the same old routine day after day. The book is _______.

bored

boring

4. …, I’m never bored.

adj. ( 人 ) 厌烦的adj. ( 物 ) 令人厌烦的

bore v. ( 尤指无聊的长话 ) 使 ( 人 ) 厌烦

bore sb. to death 使某人厌烦得要命

他老是问同样的问题 , 真是烦死我了。He is always asking the same question, w

hich bores me to death.

bore n. 令人厌烦的人 , 令人厌烦的事

5. appoint v. 1) 任命 , 委任appoint sb to be/as 任命某人是…They appointed him as/ to be chairman.

2) 约定Let’s appoint a day to have dinner together.

3) 指定appoint sb to do sth 指派某人做某事They appointed him to catch all the rats

in office.

appointee n. 被委任者 appointment [C] 约会 ; 职务 , 工作have / make an appointment with…/to do sth.

与某人约定做某事Keep / break an appointment 守约、毁约I hope I shall get a teaching appointment

at the new school.

[U] 约定 ; 任命 , 任职His appointment runs for four years.

5. Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists …Having collected and evaluated 是动词-ing 形式的完成式 , 说明该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前。如 :The storm left, ___ a lot of damage to this area. (2005 全国卷 )A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused

D

解析 :“ 暴风雨破坏”这个动作发生在 left之前 , 故用动词 -ing 形式的完成式。_____ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. ( 北京 2004)A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited 解析 : 等了半个小时后才意识到没带钱包 , 故用动词 -ing 形式的完成式。

C

evaluate v. 评估 , 评价没见过他的工作 , 我无法评估他的能力。I cannot ________________ without

seeing his work.

evaluation n. 评估 , 评价 , 评估报告They made an intensive evaluation of

the health care program.

evaluate his ability

7. warn sb. (of /against sth.) sb. not to do/sb. that

I won’t warn you again.

The people were warned of the danger

of flooding.

The doctor warned me not to drink.

The doctor warned me against drinking.

I warn you that it is dangerous to go

out alone at night.

8. Unfortunately, we can’t move …unfortunate adj. 不幸的 , 倒霉的

归纳拓展：unfortunately. adv. 遗憾地 , 不幸地fortunate adj. 交好运的 , 带来好运的 ; 幸运的fortune. n. 机会 ; 运气 ; 命运 ; 财产make a fortune 发财try one’s fortune 外出找出路

unlucky

_____________, many houses

_________________________.

Unfortunately

were burnt to the ground

9. Many houses have been covered with

lava or burned to the ground.

许多房屋被熔岩覆盖或烧毁。 burn to the ground 指楼等被烧毁 He has no place to live in because his

house has been burnt to the ground.

他无处栖身因为他的房子被烧掉了。

短语联想 : burn away 烧掉burn down (建筑物 ) 烧毁burn off 烧掉burn out 烧坏burn up 烧毁 , 燃得更亮 /旺The wood had burnt away to nothing.

木头已烧成灰烬。The cinema burnt down last year.

电影院去年被烧毁了。

The school was burnt ______ by vandals.

学校被人纵火烧毁了。He was badly injured in the accident,

and his hair was burnt ______.

他在事故中严重受伤 , 头发也被烧掉了。The engine had burnt _______.

引擎给烧坏了。

off

down

out

练一练

The rocket burnt _____ when it

reentered the earth’s atmosphere.

火箭重入地球大气层时烧毁。 He put more wood in the fire to

make it burn ______.

他往火上加木材想让他烧的更旺。up

up

10. I was about to go back to sleep when

suddenly my bedroom became as

bright as day.

be about to 这时 , 突然

不与表示表示将来的时间短语连用 ;

when 表示“就在这时突然” , 不可用

as或 while替代。

用 when, while, as 填空。

1) ______________ I was walking down the

street, I noticed a police car in front of the

store.

2) _________ John arrived, I was cooking lunch.

3) _______ he grew older, he lost interested

in everything except gardening.

When/While/As

When

As

4) How can he get good grades ________ he

won’t study?

5) I was wandering through the street ______

I caught sight of a tailor’s shop.

6) _______ I believe he is honest, I don’t like

him.

7) He likes reading, ______ his sister likes

watching TV.

when

when

While

while

11. fountain n. 喷泉 ; 源泉 v. 泉水般喷出或涌出

1) The __________ of Rome are famous for their beauty.2) The water ______________ into ten meters into the air.

fountains

is fountaining

12. It was an absolutely fantastic sight.

1) absolute adj. 完全的 ; 真实的absolutely adv. 完全地 ; 绝对地在口语当中 , absolutely 常用来表示“当然 , 对极了” , 强调同意或允许。如：--Can we leave a little early?   

“ 我们可以早一点离开吗 ?”

--Absolutely!  “ 完全可以 !”

e.g. It’s an ___________ fact. ----Do you let your kids walk alone at night? ----____________ not. You are ____________ right. It’s ___________ impossible. I have __________ trust in you. There is no __________ standard for beauty.

absolute

Absolutelyabsolutely

absolutely

absoluteabsolute

绝对的信任 ________________

无限的权力 ________________

绝对的标准 ________________

无水酒精 ________________

事实真相 ________________

absolute trust

absolute power

absolute standard

absolute alcohol

absolute truth

2) fantastic. adj. (口语 )极好的 , 奇异的 ,

异想天开的 ; 难以置信的

-- You have passed your test?

-- ______!

A. Fantastically B. Fantastic

C. Wonderfully C. Greatly

The night view of the bay is even more

fantastic. 海湾的夜景更美。insects of fantastic shapes

奇形怪状的昆虫a fantastic plan 不切实际的计划

B

13. Having earlier collected special clothes from the observatory, we put them on before we went any closer. earlier 是副词 early 的比较级 , 意为“早些……”。如：The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here _____. ( 北京 2007)A. early B. earlierC. earliest D. the earliest

B

14. We slowly made our way to the edge of the crater…. 我们慢慢向走火山口的边缘。 make one’s way (向某地 )走 (去 ) 如 : She hesitated, but made her way forward. 她犹豫了一下 , 但向前走去。 She hastily left the room, and made her way to her bed. 她迅速离开房间 , 朝她床边走去。

The firemen ________________ to the place which caught fire.

go to

made their way

The firemen ________________to put out the fire. made their effort

你若想要有出息 , 趁年轻的时候要学会发奋。

If you want to make your way in the world, you must learn to work hard while you are still young.

She made her way in politics.

I shall make way for a younger man.

我将把职位让给更年轻的人。

所有的车辆都得给救火车让道。

All the traffic has to make way for a fire engine.

联想拓展 :

feel one’s way   摸索着前进 wind one’s way   蜿蜒向前push one’s way in   挤进去 lose one’s way   迷路give way to   给……让路 take/go one’s way   我行我素get one’s way   随心所欲 , 为所欲为

15. Today, I am just as enthusiastic about my job as the day I first started. 如今 , 我和开始从事这项工作时一样满怀热情。enthusiastic (about) 感兴趣的 , 热心的 She seemed enthusiastic about the idea.她好象对这个主意很感兴趣。We got an enthusiastic response from our customers. 我们得到了顾客们的热情反应。

16. I am still amazed at their beauty as well as

their potential to cause great damage.

potential: 1) n. 潜力 , 潜能

The new invention has an enormous sales

potential.

He is a young player with great potential.

他是一个潜力很大的年轻选手。

She has potential as an artist/ artistic potential.

2) adj. 潜在的 , 潜伏的

a potential problem 潜在的问题

a potential leader 可能成为领导人的人

potential energy, power, resources, etc

潜力、潜能、潜在的资源

Many potential customers are waiting for a fall in price before buying.

17. What does the writer find impressive about

volcanoes even after studying them for 20 years?

impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的 impress: v. —impression: n. –impressive: adj.

an impressive ceremony, speech, performance

His collection of paintings is most impressive.

The girl ____________ us with her liveliness

and sense of humour.

His first speech made a strong __________ on

his audience.

impressed

impression

Ⅰ. 根据句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示 , 写出各单词的正确形式。1. You should be able to e______ your

own work.

2. It was u_________ that Larry broke

his leg on the first day of the holiday.

valuate

nfortunate

3. “You’re wrong,” she said with a______

certainty.

4. I am very surprised that she has so

many f_______ dreams.

5. The parks of this city are famous for

their beautiful ________ ( 喷泉 ).

6. The ________ ( 潜在的 ) side effects of

the drug are unknown.

bsolute

antastic

fountains

potential

II. 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. She is especially ______ (excite) at the

news that her daughter got the first in

the competition.

2. His long and ______ (bore) speech

made everyone sleepy.

3. The rich variety of animal life we

found was very __________ (impress).

excited

boring

impressive

4. ____________ (fortunate), three people

died and a lot of people were injured

in the accident.

5. We need to carry out a proper _________

(evaluate) of the new system.

6. He believes _________ (absolute) that

a man with preparation will succeed

sooner or later.

Unfortunately

evaluation

absolutely

7. The _______ (erupt) of a volcano

makes many people lose their lives.

8. Dad always falls ______ (sleep) in

front of the TV after Sunday lunch.

eruption

asleep

Ⅲ . 用所给短语的适当形式完成句子。 burn to the ground; have a closer look

at; make one’s way; fast asleep; feel

alive; be about to; protect ... from ...;

take notice of; be enthusiastic about;

be amazed at

1. I _________________ the coat and

decided it wasn’t worth ￡ 50.

had a closer look at

2. After the fire, his house

_________________________.

3. On Friday, guys ___________________

talking about where they are going for

the weekend.

4. It was the kind of morning when you

wake up and _________.

5. Though it was dark, we ____________

to the village.

(was) burned to the ground

are enthusiastic about

feel alive

made our way

6. As I leave the car, I see that the little

boy is __________.

7. She ____________ how quickly Carla

seemed to get over what had happened

to her.

8. The laws are designed to _______

consumers _____ unsafe products.

fast asleep

was amazed at

protect

from

9. We ____________ leave when Jerry

arrived.

10. I hope you’ll ____________ what

I’m going to tell you.

were about to

take notice of

Spend some time researching one

disaster. You can use books,

magazines,

newspapers or the Internet. Collect

pictures or diagrams and look for

information about:

Homework

• what causes this kind of disaster • actual events that happened in the

past in China and/or the rest of the

world • how people helped the victims • what is being done to prevent the

disaster happening again or to lessen

the damage