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RECONSTRUCTION OF WOODRECONSTRUCTION OF WOODDISTILLATION PROCESS INDISTILLATION PROCESS IN

HORISONTAL RETORTSHORISONTAL RETORTS

SreSrekoko TomasTomas, Mate, Mate BiliBili,,

MirelaMirela PlaniniPlanini,, AnaAna BuciBuci

--KojiKoji

, Darko, Darko VeliVeli

J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia

Faculty of Food Technology

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Wood charcoal processing inWood charcoal processing in BeliBelieeLtd.,Ltd.,Factory of wood processingFactory of wood processing

Destructive distillation of woodDestructive distillation of wood Traditional processing of wood charcoalTraditional processing of wood charcoal

Chemical decomposition of wood by graduallyChemical decomposition of wood by gradually

heating of wood (up toheating of wood (up to ~400~400 CC) in the absence) in the absenceof oxygen or any other reagentsof oxygen or any other reagentspyrolysispyrolysis

Products: wood charcoal & byProducts: wood charcoal & by--productsproducts

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RETORT GAS PYROLYGNEOUS ACID

WOOD CHARCOAL

WOOD

25 000 kg/day of waste, dark red-brown liquid with

characteristic, sharp odour, composed of:

80% water

4% methanol derivates9% acids (acetic acid)

7% tar derivates and other aromatic substancesECOLOGICAL ISSUE!

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(R1-R6) retorts(D1, D2) drying chambers(C1-C6) cooling chambers(1) condensers of retort gases(2) pyroligneous acid tank

(3) scrubber

Process plant scheme of destructive distillation of wood in Beliebefore reconstruction

necondensed gases scrubbed

gas

1

natural gas

R1 R2 R3 R5 R6 D2D1

C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6

scrubbed

gas

3

11 1

2

1

R4

retort gases and vapours (275 C)

DISTILLATION

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Proposition of issue solutionProposition of issue solution Starting pointStarting point daily full capacity of plant (6 retorts):daily full capacity of plant (6 retorts):

process: 65 520 kg of wood massprocess: 65 520 kg of wood mass ((25% moisture25% moisture))

produce: 17 042 kg of wood charcoal,produce: 17 042 kg of wood charcoal,

produce: 32 098 kg of total retort gases and steamsproduce: 32 098 kg of total retort gases and steams

(45% of burning compounds)(45% of burning compounds)

According to the theoretical calculationAccording to the theoretical calculation

plant energy required: ~170 GJ/day;plant energy required: ~170 GJ/day;

combustion of total retort gas with Ocombustion of total retort gas with O22

supply produce thesupply produce the

fume gasesfume gases ((910910 CC)) that almostthat almost provideprovide necessitynecessity ofof heatheat

for daily plant workfor daily plant work

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PropositionProposition

reconstruction of existing process plantreconstruction of existing process plant!!

combustion of total retort gases and steams (condensationcombustion of total retort gases and steams (condensation

phasephase isis eliminated)eliminated)

produced fume gases use for indirect heating of retorts,produced fume gases use for indirect heating of retorts,

after heating of retorts,after heating of retorts, cooled" fume gases (cooled" fume gases (

500500 C) useC) usefor heating and drying the raw wood mass in drying chambersfor heating and drying the raw wood mass in drying chambers

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Scheme of reconstruction proposal of destructive distillation of

wood in Belie

(R1-R6) retorts(D1, D2) drying chambers

(1) combustion chamber

natural gas

air

R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 D2D1

fumegases

total retort gases

cooled fume gases

1

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ExpectationExpectation ecological and economicalecological and economical effects:effects:

energy source utilization,energy source utilization, decreasing of operating costdecreasing of operating costs,s,

process time savingprocess time saving,,

no production of pyroligneous acid!no production of pyroligneous acid! waste fume gases are environmentalwaste fume gases are environmental--friendlyfriendly

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Scheme of wood distillation plant in Belieafter reconstruction (2004/.2005.)

UNDERGROUND

GROUND FLOOR

OUTDOOR VIEW OF PLANT

Classen Apparatebau Wiesloch GmbH, Weisloch, GERMANYEnerkon d.o.o., Zagreb, CROATIA

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100mm

insulation

insulation 100mm

insulation

100mm

insulation 100mm

insulation 100mm

insulation100mm

insu

lation100mm

insulation100mm

insulation50mm

insulation 100mm

Combustion chamber

Heating gas line

Natural gas line

Heating gas fan 2

Secondary air fan

Stack 1

Road

Stack 2Retort gas line

Torch

Dryer gas line

Heating gas fan 1

GROUND FLOOR

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insulation 100mm

insulation 50mm

insulation 100mm

Secondary air fan

Natural gas line

Combustion chamber

Heating gas fan 2

Retort pipes

Heating gas fan 1

Heating gas line

UNDERGROUND

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Reconstruction achievementReconstruction achievement The main expectations of preliminary design are obtainedThe main expectations of preliminary design are obtained::

positive technologicalpositive technological--economical, &economical, &

ecological effects:ecological effects: no production of pyroligneous acid, emission of pollutant is in accordance with Decree

of limit value of pollutant emission from stationarysource to air(Zavod za unapreenje sigurnosti d.d.,Osijek)

Record production (Record production (~~20% enhancement in regard to20% enhancement in regard toproduction of longproduction of long--standing)standing)

Continue of traditional production of highContinue of traditional production of high--quality woodquality woodproductionproduction

KeepKeep of 60 work placesof 60 work places

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TotalTotal investment: 11.000.000,00investment: 11.000.000,00 knkn

Production in reconstructed plant startedProduction in reconstructed plant started

at 2005at 2005

Expectation: The investment will pay forExpectation: The investment will pay foritself at the end of 2008itself at the end of 2008

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AcknowledgementAcknowledgement:

BeliBeliee LtdLtd.,., BeliBeliee, Croatia, Croatia

FactoryFactory forfor woodwood processingprocessing

Classen Apparatebau Wiesloch GmbH,Weisloch, Germany

Enerkon d.o.o., Zagreb, Croatia

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Thank youThank you

for your attention !for your attention !