baitapdaidoluong

7/30/2019 baitapdaidoluong

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Trng HKTCN_TN Thyt minh bitp di o lng

Phn I

Phn I.1 : V s o dng, p, cos, tn s,nng lng tc dng, nng lng phn khng chotrm pha cao p.

*) Cng sut tc dng 3 pha 2 phn t c cun dng pha C, A.

( )

( )

. .

. .

A AB

C CB

I U

I U

*) Cng sut phn khng 3 pha 2 phn t c phn t R0to gc lch pha 600, cun dng pha A, B.

( )

( )

. .

. .

A BA

B CA

I U

I U

*) Cng t o cos 3pha c cun dng pha A

( ). . .

,A AC ABI U U

Phn I.2 : Chn thang o cho cc thit b trns .

*) Khi lm vic nh mc:

- Dng in nh mc pha cao p :28000461,8802154( )

3. 3.35

dm

dm

dm

SI A

U= = =

- Cng sut tc dng :

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3. . .cos 28000.0,92 25760( )dm dm dm dm

P U I kW= = =

- Cng sut phn khng :

2 2 2 228000 25760 10973,71405( )dm dm dm

Q S P kVar = = =

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*) Khi lm vic non ti :

(cos 0,75nt = ; 35( )nt dmU U kV = = )

3. . . cos 3 35 332,5537829 0,75 15120,00127( )nt nt nt nt

P U I kW= = =

I.2.1. Chn thang o cho IB , UB

- m bo sai s ca qu trnh o ta dng bin dng :

461,8802154( )

5( )

scdm

tcdm

I A

I A

=

Vy chn IB c :500

1005

IK = =

- Do pha cao p c Um=35(kV) nn ta chn UB l :

U1m= 35 (kV)

U2m= 0,1(kV)

Vy35

3500,1

UK = =

I.2.2. Chn thang o cho Ampek

V dng in pha th cp ca BI nh mc l 5(A) nn tachn Ampek c thang o l DA=5(A)

I.2.3. Chn thang o cho Volk

V in p pha th cp ca BU nh mc l 100(V) nn tachn Volk c thang o l DV=100(V)

I.2.4. Chn thang o cho cos v tn s

Do tn s v gc lch pha gia in p v dng in khngph thuc vo h s bin i ca BU v BI nn ta chnthang o cos vi cos [ 1 1] v 0 60( )f Hz .

Trang : 44

0,72. 0,72 461,880254 332,5537829( )nt dmI I A= = =


4/25


I.2.5. Chn thang o cho cng t o nng lng tc dngv phn khng

Nu 1 thng lm vic t = 720h .

2 23. . .cos .

td dm dmW U I t =

U2m=0,1(kV)=100(V) l in p th cp ca BU

I2m l dng in th cp ca BI l 5(A)

Nu Wtdmaxcos 1max =

3.0,1.5.1.720 623,54( )tdmax

W kWh = =

Tng t :

Wpkmaxsin 1max =

3.0,1.5.1.720 623,54( )pkmax

W kVArh = =

Vy:- Chn cng t c thang o l 650(kWh) vi cng t o cng

sut tc dng

- Chn cng t c thang o l 650(kVArh) vi cng t ocng sut phn khng

Phn I.3 : Tnh s ch ca mi cng t trongthi gian mt thng, bit rng c 80% thigian ca MBA lm vic ch nh mc,20% thi gian MBA lm vic ch nonti . Xc nh cos TB ca ph ti

I.3.1. Cng thc:

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I.3.1.1. Cng t tc dng 3 pha 2 phn t :

ta c: Wtd A C P P P= +

( ) ( ). . . .

. cos , . cos ,A CAB CBAB A CB CU I U I U I U I = +

0 0. cos( 30 ) . cos(30 )AB A A CB C CU I U I = + +

3phaP=

I.3.1.2. Cng t phn khng 3 pha 2 phn t c cundy ni tip ph pha C :

Trang : 6

UA

UBU

C

UAB

IA

3000 A

IB

IC

UCBC


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Ta c:

. . . .

1

. . . .

2

1 2

cos( , ) cos( , )

cos( , ) cos( , )

A CBC BCq BC A C

B CCA CAq CA B C

q q q

M KU I I U I I U

M KU I I U I I U

M M M

= =

= +

. . . . . . . .

cos( , ) cos( , ) cos( , ) cos( , )A C B CBC BC CA CAd A C B C KU I I U I I U I I U I I U = +

[ ]cos(90 ) cos(150 ) cos(90 ) cos(30 )d A A C C B B C C KU I I I I = + + +

3 1 3 1sin cos sin sin cos sin

2 2 2 2d A A C C C A B B C C C C

KU I I I I I I = + + + +

( )3 sin sin sinA A B B C CK I I I = + +

33

phaK Q=

I.3.2. Tnh s ch ca cng t trong mt thng .

V trm c 80% thi gian lm vic ch nh mc :

Trang : 7

UA

UBU

C

UAB

IA3000

A

IB

IC

UCB


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8/25


1 2150,076 39,497 189,573( )

pk pk pkW W W kVArh= + = + =

I.3.3. Xc nh cos TB ca ph ti :

2 2 2 2

322,5610,86

(322,561) (189,573)

td

tb

td PK

Wcos

W W = = =

+ +

Phn I.4 - Tnh sai s tng i v tuyt ica php o .

I.4.1.Phng php tnh sai s: tnh sai s ta dng phng php tnh ton sai s gin tip.

- Gi s c mt php o gin tip i lng y thng qua ccphp o trc tip x1,x2, xn : y=f(x1,x2, xn).

Ta c:

1 2...

n

y y ydy dx dx dx

x x x = + + +

- Sai s tuyt i ca php o gin tip c nh gi:

2 22 2

1 21

1 2

...n

n kk

n k

y y y yy x x x x

x x x x=

= + + + =

Trong :

1x , 2x , nx : l sai s tuyt i ca php o cc i lngtrc tip 1x , 2x , nx

- Sai s tng i ca php o gin tip c tnh:

1 2

22 22 2 2

2 2 21 2

1 2

... ...n

n

y x x x

n

y x y x y x y

y y x y x y x

= = + + + = + + +

Trang : 9


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Trong :1x

,2x

,nx

l sai s tng i ca cc php o trc

tip 1x , 2x , nx

I.4.2.Tnh ton:I.4.2.1. Php o dng in :

- Dng thc t : I = IA . KI

IA : L s ch ca Ampemet .

KI : L h s ca My Bin Dng .

-Sai s tuyt i ca Ampemet .

.IA A

D =

A : l cp chnh xc ca Ampemet .

2

100A

=

D: l gii hn o ca Ampemet .

D= 5 (A)

2. .5 0,1( )

100IA A

D A = = =

- Sai s tuyt i ca My Bin Dng :

.KI KI I

K =

KI : l cp chnh xc ca My Bin Dng .1

100KI

=

KI : L h s My Bin Dng

200

5I

K =

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1 200. 0,4

100 5KI

a) ch nh mc :

I = IA . KI

Vi131,966

3,299( )200

5

dm

Adm

I

II A

K= = =

Sai s tuyt i ca php o khi lm vic nh mc :

( )2

22 2 2 2 200. . .0,1 3,299.0,4 4,2125

Idm I IA Adm KIK I = + = + =

Vy : 131,966 4,212( )I A=

Sai s tng i ca php o khi lm vic nh mc :

4,212.100% .100% 3,19%

131,966

Idm

Idm

dmI

= = =

b) Trng hp non ti :

79,181,9795( )

200

5

nt

Ant

I

II A

K= = =

-Sai s tuyt i ca php o :

( )

2

22 2 2 2 200. . .0,1 1,9795.0,4 4,0785

Int I IA Ant KIK I

= + = + =

79,18 4,078( )nt

I A =

-Sai s tng i ca php o :

4,078.100% .100% 5,15%

79,18

Int

Int

ntI

= = =

I.4.2.2. Php o in p :

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.V U

U U K=

UV =100(V) l s ch ca vn mt .

KU =350,1

=350 l h s ca MBA.

- Sai s tuyt i ca Vnmet

.UV V V

D =

2

100V

= L cp chnh xc ca Vnmet .

DV=100 (V) L di o ca Vn k .

2.100 2( )

100UV

V = =

- Sai s tuyt i ca Bin in p :

.KU KU KU

D =

2100

KU = : L cp chnh xc ca TU .

DKU =350 : L di o ca Bin in p .

2 35. 7( )

100 0,1KU

V = =

-Sai s tuyt i ca php o in p :

( ) ( ) ( )2

2 2 235. . .2 100.7 989,95( )

0,1U U UV KU V

K U V = + = + =

35 0,99( )U kV =

-Sai s tng i ca php o in p l :

989,95.100% .100% 2,83%

35000

U

U

U

= = =

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I.4.2.3. Php o nng lng tc dng :

a) ch nh mc :

Ta c :

1. . 350.40.292,938 4101132( )

tddm U I td W K K W kWh= = =

- Sai s tuyt i ca cng t l :

' .Wtddm Cto Ctodm

D =

Trong :

1100

Cto = : l cp chnh xc ca cng t tc dng .

CtodmD : l gii hn o ca cng t.

( )3. . . 3.0,1.5.576 498,83Ctodm ct ct dmD U I T kWh= = =

( )'1

.498,83 4,9983100

WtddmkWh = =

Vy sai s tuyt i ca php o nng lng tc dng l :

( ) ( ) ( )2 2 2'

1 1. . . . . .

Wtddm U I Wtddm U KI td KU I td K K K W K W = + +

40

0,4

I

KI

K = =

350

7

U

KU

K = =

1

'

292,938( )

4,9983( )

td

Wtddm

W kWh

kWh

=

=

Thay s ta c :

( ) ( ) ( )2 2 2

350.40.4,9983 350.0,4.292,938 7.40.292,938

115352,982( )

Wtddm

kWh

= + +

=m

Vy 4101132 115352,982( )tddmW kWh=

- Sai s tng i ca php o cng sut tc dng ch nh mc l :

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115352,982.100% .100% 2,81%

4101132

Wtddm

Wtddm

tddmW

= = =

b) ch non ti :Lm tng t :

2. . 350.40.29,623 414722( )

tdnt U I Wtd W K K W kWh= = =


' .Wtdnt Cto Ctont

D =

Trong :1

100Cto

= : l cp chnh xc ca cng t tc dng .

( )3. . . 3.0,1.5.144 124,708Ctont ct ct nt D U I T kWh= = =

' 1 .124,708 1,247( )100

WtdntkWh = =

Vy sai s tuyt i ca php o cng sut tc dng khi nonti l :

( ) ( ) ( )2 2 2'

2 2. . . . . .

Wtdnt U I Wtdnt U KI td KU I td K K K W K W = + +

40

0,4

I

KI

K =

=

350

7

U

KU

K =

=

2

'

29,623( )

1, 247( )

td

Wtdnt

W kWh

kWh

=

=Thay s ta c :

( ) ( ) ( )2 2 2

350.40.1,247 350.0,4.29,623 7.40.29,623

19768,129( )

Wtdnt

kWh

= + +

=m

Vy 414722 19768,129( )tdntW kWh=

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- Sai s tng i ca php o cng sut tc dng ch non ti l :

19768,129.100% .100% 4,77%414722

Wtdnt

Wtdnt

tdntW

= = =

I.4.2.4. Sai s ca php o cng sut phn khng :

a) ch nh mc :

1. . 350.40.150, 076 2101064( )

PKdm U I PKW K K W kVAr = = =

- Sai s tuyt i ca cng t phn khng :

1.

Wpk Cto CtoD =

1,5

100Cto

= : l cp chnh cc ca cng t phn khng .

CtpkdmD : l di o ca cng t phn khng .

( )498,83Ctpkdm CttddmD D kVArh= =

' 1,5 .498,83 7, 482( )100

WpkdmkVArh = =

- Sai s tuyt i ca php o nng lng phn khng ch nh mc l :

( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( )

2 2 2'

1 1

2 2 2

. . . . . .

350.40.7,482 350.0,4.150,076 7.40.150,076

114801,474( )

Wpkdm U I Wpkdm U KI pk KU I pk K K K W K W

kVArh

= + +

= + +

=

Vy 2101064 114801,474( )pkdmW kVArh=

- Sai s tng i ca php o nng lng phn khng ch

nh mc l :

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114801,474.100% .100% 5, 46%

2101064

Wpkdm

Wpkdm

PKdmW

= = =

b) ch non ti :

2. . 350.40.39, 497 552958( )

pknt U I PKW K K W kVArh= = =


' .Wtdnt Cto Ctpknt

D =

Trong :

1,5100

Cto = : l cp chnh xc ca cng t tc dng .

( )124,708Ctpknt Cttdnt D D kVArh= =

' 1,5 .124,708 1,87( )100

WtdntkVArh = =

- Sai s tuyt i ca php o nng lng phn khng ch

non ti l :2 2 2(350.40.1,87) (350.0,4.39,497) (7.40.39,497)

28952,956( )

Wpknt

kVArh

= + +

=

Vy 552958 28952,956( )pkntW kVArh=

- Sai s tng i ca php o nng lng phn khng ch non ti l :

28952,956.100% .100% 5,24%

552958

Wpknt

Wpknt

PKntW

= = =

I.4.2.5. Php o cos TB :

a) ch nh mc :

Trang : 16


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- p dng cng thc :

2 2 2 2

td

tb

td pk

P Wcos

P Q W W

= =

+ + Sai s tuyt i ca cng t o cos TB ch nh

mc l :

22

cos cos. .tbdm tbdm

tbdm tddm pkdm

tddm pkdm

cos W W W W

= +

Trong :

+/2

2 2 2 2

cos

( + ). +

pkdmtbdm

tddm tddm pkdm tddm pkdm

W

W W W W W

=

2

2 2 2 2

cos. .

( + ). +

pkdmtbdmtddm tddm

tddm tddm pkdm tddm pkdm

WW W

W W W W W

=

( )

2 3

2 2 2 2

150,076 .4,9983 3,16.10292,938 150,076 . 292,938 150,076

= =+ +

+/ 2 2 2 2.cos

( + ). +

tddm pkdmtbdm

pkdm tddm pkdm tddm pkdm

W W

W W W W W

=

2 2 2 2

.cos. .

( + ). +

tddm pkdmtbdmpkdm pkdm

pkdm tddm pkdm tddm pkdm

W WW W

W W W W W

=

( )3

2 2 2 2

292,938.150,076.7,482 9,22.10

292,938 150,076 . 292,938 150,076

= = + +

Trang : 17


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Vy:

3 2 3 2 3(3,16.10 ) ( 9,22.10 ) 9,75.10tbdm

cos = + =

- Sai s tng i ca php o tbcos ch nh mc :

39,75.10.100% .100% 1,1%

0,89tbdmtbdm

cos

tbdm

cos

cos

= = =

b) ch non ti :

2 2tbnt tbnttbnt tdnt pknt

tdnt pknt

Cos CosCos ( . W ) ( . W )

W W

= +

Trong:

+/2

2 2 2 2

cos

( + ). +

pknttbnt

tdnt tdnt pknt tdnt pknt

W

W W W W W

=

2

2 2 2 2

cos. .

( + ). +

pknttbnttdnt tdnt

tdnttdnt pknt tdnt pknt

WW W

WW W W W

=

2

2 2 2 2

39,497.1,247

(39, 497 +29,623 ). 39,497 +29,623

0,016

=

=

+/ 2 2 2 2.cos

( + ). +

tdnt pknt tbnt

pknt tdnt pknt tdnt pknt

W W

W W W W W

=

2 2 2 2

.cos. .

( + ). +

tdn t pknt tbntpknt pknt

pknt tdnt pknt tdnt pknt

W WW W

W W W W W

=

2 2 2 2- 39,497.29,623

.1,87(39,497 +29,623 ). 39,497 +29,623

0,018

=

=

Trang : 18


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Vy: 2 20,016 ( 0,018.) 0,024tbntcos = + =

Trang : 19


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- Sai s tng i ca php o tbcos ch non ti :

0,024.100% .100% 4%

0,6tbnt

tbnt

cos

tbnt

cos

cos

= = =

Trang : 20


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Phn II , o lng v bo v cho trm ngi tacn thu thp cc tn hiu in v khngin . Hy v s truyn dn cho trm .

II.1. Thu thp tn hiu :

II.1.1. M hnh

Ta s dng m hnh ni tip song song

II.1.2. S lng knh

- Knh 1(S1) : Tn hiu dng pha A

- Knh 2(S2) : Tn hiu dng pha B .

- Knh 3(S3) : Tn hiu dng pha C .

- Knh 4(S4) : Tn hiu in p pha A .

- Knh 5(S5) : Tn hiu in p pha B .

- Knh 6(S6) : Tn hiu in p pha C .

- Knh 7(S7) : Tn hiu in p dy UAB .

- Knh 8(S8) : Tn hiu in p dy UBC .

- Knh 9(S9) : Tn hiu in p dy UCA .

- Knh 10(S10) : Tn hiu hin th h s cos .

- Knh 11(S11) : Tn hiu hin th tn s pha A .

- Knh 12(S12) : Tn hiu hin th tn s pha B .- Knh 13(S13) : Tn hiu hin th tn s pha C .

- Knh 14(S14) : Tn hiu cng sut tc dng .

- Knh 15(S15) : Tn hiu cng sut phn khng .

- Knh 16(S16) : Tn hiu kim tra cch in cao p .

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II.1.3. Chn cc Mux

Trong thc t nhiu i lng o l cc i lng khng in ,v d nh : p sut , nhit . . . V vy c th truynti cc thng tin , o c v kim tra c ta cn phi ccc thit b chuyn i chun ho trong o lng. uvo l cc tn hiu khng in , u ra l cc tn hiuin . Do s lng knh lin lc ln , v th s dng cc thitb i ni (MUX) thc hin phn knh lin lc , tincho vic truyn tn hiu v kim tra sa cha khi c sc . gim sai s ca cc b i ni , trong s ta b

tr cc b i ni theo nhm v phn theo tng , nh m tc x l thng tin nhanh hn .

- Tn hiu dng : Mux1 ( 2bit )

- Tn hiu p: Mux2 ( 3bit )

- Cc tn hiu cn li: Mux3 ( 3bit )

- Mux ( 2bit )

II.1.4. Lp bng trng thi

II.1.4.1. Bng trng thi ca Mux1 ( 2bit )

- Dng pha A : Chn D0

- Dng pha B : Chn D1

- Dng pha C : Chn D2

- Chn a ch : A1, A2

Chn a chChnclock u ra

A1 A2 C1 Q1

0 0 1 0D

Trang : 22


22/25


0 1 1 1D

1 0 1 2D

x x 0 0


- in p pha A : Chn D3

- in p pha B : Chn D4

- in p pha C : Chn D5

- in p dy UAB : Chn D6

- in p dy UBC : Chn D7

- in p dy UCA : Chn D8

- Chn a ch : A3, A4, A5


A3 A4 A5 C2 Q2

0 0 0 1 3D

0 0 1 1 4D

0 1 0 1 5D

0 1 1 1 6D

1 0 0 1 7D

1 0 1 1 8D

x x x 0 0

x x x 0 0

Trang : 23


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- Tn hiu hin th h s cos : Chn D9

- Tn hiu hin th tn s pha A : Chn D10

- Tn hiu hin th tn s pha B : Chn D11

- Tn hiu hin th tn s pha C : Chn D12

- Tn hiu cng sut tc dng : Chn D13

- Tn hiu cng sut phn khng : Chn D14- Tn hiu kim tra cch in cao p : Chn D15

- Chn a ch : A6, A7, A8


A6 A7 A8 C3 Q3

0 0 0 1 9D

0 0 1 1 10D

0 1 0 1 11D

0 1 1 1 12D

1 0 0 1 13D

1 0 1 1 14D

1 1 0 1 15D

x x x 0 0

Trang : 24


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II.1.4.4. Bng trng thi ca Mux ( 2bit )

Chn a ch Chnclock u ra

A9 A10 C Q

0 0 1 1Q

0 1 1 2Q

1 0 1 3Q

x x 0 0

II.1.4.5. Bng trng thi tng hp ca cc Mux

Cc chn a ch Mux1 Mux2 Mux3 Mux

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10

C1 Q1 C2 Q2 C3 Q3 C

Q

0 0 x x x x x x 0 0 1 0D 0 0 0 0 1 1Q

0 1 x x x x x x 0 0 1 1D 0 0 0 0 1 1Q

1 0 x x x x x x 0 0 1 2D 0 0 0 0 1 1Q

x x 0 0 0 x x x 0 1 0 0 1 3D 0 0 1 2Q

x x 0 0 1 x x x 0 1 0 0 1 4D 0 0 1 2Q

x x 0 1 0 x x x 0 1 0 0 1 5D 0 0 1 2Q

x x 0 1 1 x x x 0 1 0 0 1 6D 0 0 1 2Q

x x 1 0 0 x x x 0 1 0 0 1 7D 0 0 1 2Q

x x 1 0 1 x x x 0 1 0 0 1 8D 0 0 1 2Q

x x x x x 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 9D 1 3Q

x x x x x 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 10D 1 3Q

x x x x x 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 111

D 13

Q

Trang : 25


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x x x x x 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 12D 1 3Q

x x x x x 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 13D 1 3Q

x x x x x 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 14D 1 3Q

x x x x x 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 15D 1 3Q

II.2. S truyn dn cho trm:

T 26

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