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Designing a Service ControlImplementation for 3GPP Mobile WirelessOperators

BRKAGG-2000

2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicBRKAGG-2000_c1 1

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Architecture not now.


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Introductions

Your humble presenter

The Service Control Architecture concept

Business drivers for a Service Control Architecture

What the Service Control Architecture offers to meett e us ness nee

How the Service Control Architecture works

Architecture details

Implementation


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Introductions

Your presenter






Implementation


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Speaker info

Annlee Hines Network Consulting Engineer in Ciscos ServiceProvider Mobility Practice (Advanced Services)

,

Author of 2 books and several networking tutorials

anhines cisco.com

Service Control Architecture in 25 words or less

A means to a l static or d namic ranular controls to an SPscustomer traffic.


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Introductions

Your presenter






Implementation


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Photos 1-5 from Los Angeles Times; last photo from Wikipedia

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1 G analog voice, text

AMPS early 1980s

2 G digitalized speech, data

cdmaOne early 1990s

2.5 G faster speeds than 2G perhaps 144Kbps

GPRS (GSM), 1xRTT (CDMA) mid- late 1990s

3 G low Mbps throughputUMTS, EV-DO early 2000s

4G multi-Mbps speeds uplink and downlink


LTE/SAE Real Soon Now

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Mobiles have evolved, the RAN has evolved whatabout the Core Network? Why, yes yes, it is evolving,

too!

will flatten and make the core more access-agnostic

more traffic from more source networks

Service Control Architecture works with todays coreand with the EPC

So why do it why add another evolution to deal with?


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The Traffic Mix Is Evolving, Too

Mobile voice traffictraffic

traffic andrevenue

revenue

differently

Mobile data traffic

users / sessions

time

dominant

Initially, traffic, users, revenue all

grew together at the same rate


mobile data and the network capabilitysupported real uses growth became

decoupled

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Source: Ericsson Management Briefing,

Nov 07

Prissnkning till 199 kr/mn" =

"Price lowered to 22 EUR/month (Flatfee)"


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Increasingly typical case

60M+ subscribers

12% sub growth

Whats driving it?

3G devices doubled

Data penetration (60%)

Mobile web access plans (now 15%)

Economic conditions may delay growth but it will return

And the deferred growth will join the regularly scheduled growth


SPs Must Manage Their Traffic and/or Earn More Revenuefrom It; Thats the Reason for a Service Control Architecture

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e can a or o o a erv ce on ro


Can we afford the network buildout to meet that

kind of growth?


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Introductions

Your presenter






Implementation


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Maybe not a Higher Plane, but

The Management Plane is for the SP to manage thenetwork

The Bearer Plane carries the users traffic, once they

have established a data session e on ro ane es a s es an manages n a very

limited way the bearer plane for each user session

and some are actually calling it the Policy Plane tomanage the users session not in the aggregate, but on


a per-app ca on as sA sort of Fourth Dimension to the network

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The Policy Plane exists in its hardware andconfiguration within the SPs network

Centralized or decentralized there are advantages each way

es c o ce epen s on your ne wor o arc ec ure anperformance

The Polic Plane interacts with entities outside the SPsnetwork as well as nodes within the SPs network

Services Partners

Roaming Partners

Legal Authorities


Policy may also be used to route or steer traffic towardor away from any of these

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Service Control Has Benefits as

Service Control Architecture supports various carrier-grade use

Spending ControlSpending protection, roaming charge control, threshold management

Service Based Charging

Differential metering for services

Duration, Volume, Event

Interfaces to charging systems

Service Control for Bandwidth, QoS etc.

. . ,Silver, Bronze)

Service Provider Protection (enforcing subscription Ts & Cs)

Protectin a ainst s stem abuse SIM swa in , etc.


Protecting revenue block applications that violate fair usage, etc.

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SP1:

*

Fair Use Policy Requiring User Level Granularity

.a customer's usage must not exceed 1Gb per user account in a month. We don't expectcustomers to exceed this limit but if a customer's usage is in excess of 1Gb we may ask them to moderatetheir usage. If a customer fails to do so, we reserve the right to move them to another XXX data plan orcharge them for the excess usage. Long-term or persistent usage in excess of the limit may also result insuspension or termination of the service.

SP1:

And application visibility

The per day charge and monthly web browsing pack cannot be used for Voice over InternetProtocol (VoIP) services such as Skype or Peer-to-Peer services (such as instant messenger services, textmessaging clients or file sharing). These services will not count towards the per day chargeor monthly pack, and are charged separately at per MB, with a minimum charge foreach data session.

SP2:

Service can be suspended in the event the customer using P2P aplication or equivalent

SP3:


ser comm o no use o programs

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Not to Mention Policies the Paying


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Its All About Subscriber-Centric Policy

Service Control Manager Charging System

Business Logic Rate Plans

D namic

Flexible User-directed&

Enforcement

Key Requirements:


Must involve the subscriber in the decision process

Charging interaction is critical

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Subscriber-Centric Policy Management-

User x

Month to date: xMB

Rate: yMbps

Internet Traffic

Service Control Manager Charging System

4. U dateToD credits: xxx

User y

charging system

2. Usage terms exceeded,.

updatecon rm rate p an c ange

with subscriber

3.


Must involve the subscriber in the decision process

Charging interaction is critical

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You Have to Know Your Business

Who is the Subscriber ?

What are their Subscribed Services ? Which Terms & Conditions a l ?

What is the access type ?

Unified

Policy

What is their location ?

n ras ruc ure

What is the Time of Day/Date ?


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Policies Should Not Be Islands

Many Criteria for Service Control Decisions

Privileges

Device Info : IMEI, display size, supports video, audio, etc.Preferences: personalization, interests (e.g. for advertising), communities

Service

Charging (offline and online consider Prepaid users must have online charging)

QoS

Bandwidth

Network

Resource Availability

Security

Emergency Services

Type

Static

Dynamic: Driven by session initiation, session modification, session termination, network resources

Enablers

Presence


Security

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Service Control Manager Features

Powerful rules management system:

Rules access control

Rules versioning

History

Commit/Rollback

Branching

Policies can be managed across network types and enforcement devices, insupport of all services

n egra on e gree

SPR (HLR, HSS, existing subscriber databases)

Notification


Redirection (e.g., WAP), SMS, email, etc. via Notification Server

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Rx-triggered Service Control updates

from IMS-capable AF

Preloaded Policies

Pre-loaded at PCEF activation time (and at intervals determinedby PCRF)

-

Updated dynamically from PCRF (e.g., Rx trigger, volume/timetrigger, etc)

SMART policies:

Use L4 and L7 (DPI) to match (preloaded or dynamic) policies


Flow aggregation within the PCEF for multi-flow services (e.g.,RTSP, SIP)

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With so many possibilities, it can be a problem to knowwhere to begin

Recommendation: KISS

Keep it simple, stupid

Where is your pain point? What aspect of policy will do

Whats technically feasible in your network today? What


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Roaming Controls

Dynamically block or cap applications when the SPs subscriber

is roaming

-setup

Usage limits

Notify subscriber when reaching limit

Allow subscriber to override (top-up, etc)

Recommended first

deployment for

Polic

SIM swap: blocking

Tether detection


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Promotions can be triggered from thePCRF

Service Control can be returned to


normal at the end of the promotion

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The real question is, Can you afford not to build

a Service Control Architecture?


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Introductions

Your presenter






Implementation


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SM-SCSMS-GMSC

SMS-IWMSC

CE

MSC/VLR HLR

Gd

CAMEL GSM-

SCF

Uu GiIu

GcGs

TE MT UTRAN TEPDN

GrIu

SGSN GGSN

A

R

Um

GpGn

CGF

GaGa

Billing

System

Gb

TE MT BSS

R

Gf

Signalling Interface

Other PLMN

EIRSGSN

ServiceControl


Signalling and Data Transfer Interface

rc ec uregoes in

here

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Service Control Architecture Elements

AFSubscription Profile

Repository

SPR

Policy and Charging

Rx

Sp

Online Charging System (OCS)

Service Data FlowBased

Rules Function

(PCRF)

CAMELSCP Gx

server

re on ro

GyPCEF eGGSN

GW

Gz


OfflineChargingSystem

(OFCS)

S C

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Dynamic Service Control Architecture

Subscription DatabaseExisting System

New interface

Online Charging System PCRF

Policy Control & Charging

Rules Function

p

Mobile Gateway

(OCS)

Application

Function (AF)

Gx

Offline Charging System

(OFCS)

Gateway and

Service Control &

Charging Enforcement

Function (PCEF)

Rx*Rx*

Gy IMS

a z,

etc

Non-IMS

-

eGGSN

Mobile Gtwys2G, 3G, LTE

DPI

(offline)

-


Other Gi NodeWiMax

Femto, DSL, etc

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Source: 3G Americas

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H-PCRF & V- Control Plane

3GPP Network,

Home Network

Non-3GPP Network,

Visited Network

Allow control of

resources in visited ornon-3GPP networks

AFAF

Rx

Controlled by S9interface

Bearer Binding andEvent Re ortin

SPRSPRH-PCRFH-PCRFV-PCRFV-PCRFS9 Sp

Function (BBERF)

E.g., Serving AccessGateway (PDSN,

BRAS CMTS etc.

BBERFBBERF PCEFPCEF OCSOCS

xx

Gy

Controlled by Gxxinterface

Multiple variants ofOFCSOFCS

Gz


access network type Roaming, FMC

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Introductions

Your presenter






Implementation


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A simpler architecture thanthe PCRF, actually

7600 chassis, with several

Two Supervisors (for HA),

GGSN and CSG numbering

are nominal


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Establishing a usersession starts with

session createmessaging from theaccess network


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GGSN sends RADIUSAccounting Start to

CSG


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CSG sendsolic uer to

PCRF: CCR-I

message, sent

PCRF queriesuser DB over Sinterface, thenresponds to CSG

-message


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CSG sends RADIUSAccounting Start ACK

to GGSN, whichcompletes usersession creation

CSG then sendso message

CSG and GGSN now

controls


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The PCRF is a collection of servers acting as onevirtual server to the PCEF

Policy servers

ser sess on servers ransac on recor eep ng

Logging servers

, ,


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A lab

the PCRF willhave a minimal

Multiple functions

may be hosted in,for testing andarchitecture

evaluation/validation


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A lab implementation

a full set of servers

Functional separationo servers


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We cant afford to do a Service ControlArchitecture not now.

Can you afford to build enough network for allyour su s an a e r uses ou on ave o if you implement a Service Control architecture.

The choice is yours.


Please Visit the Cisco Booth in the

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Please Visit the Cisco Booth in the

Mobility

See the technology in action

MOB1 Collaboration in Motion

MOB2 Cisco Unified Wireless Network

MOB3 Mobile Hi h-S eed Performance

with 802.11n


Complete Your Online

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brkagg-2000_0101

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