Trung tm Nghin cu v Pht trin H thng Nng nghip

Centre for Agrarian Systems Research & Development

a ch: km9 i l Thng Long - An Khnh - Hoi c - H Ni

Tel: 043 3650793 - Fax: 043 3650862 - Email: hethongnn@gmail,com - Web: www,casrad,org,vn

PHT TRIN CHUI GI TR LA GO

BSCL v

THNG HIU GO VIT NAM

ng Thp, 12/09/2014

TS. o Th Anh

ThS. Hong Thanh Tng

ThS. Thi Vn Tnh

mailto:hethongnn@gmail.comhttp://www.casrad.org.vn/

BI CNH

Sn xut la ng bng sng Cu Long chim 53 % tng sn

lng la.

Din tch gieo trng: 4,1 triu ha, Sn lng: 24,6 triu tn

(tng ng 15,99 triu tn go); Nng sut bnh qun: 6,2

6,3 tn/ha (GSO, 2012)

ng bng SCL chim hn 90% trong tng s 8,01 triu tn go

xut khu - gi tr kim ngch 3,67 t USD

Gi xu hng gim, nng dn thu nhp thp v gi thuyt l do

thiu t chc SX, lin kt nng dn-doanh nghip yu km, thiu

qun tr cht lng trong chui gi tr v thiu thng hiu go

S CHUI GI TR LA GO BSCL

III

III

Dch v u vo: Ging, Phn bn, thuc BVTV, Thy li, My mc

Ngi sn xut

Thng li

Nh my xay xt

Nh my lau bng/xut khu

Bn bun/bn l

Xut khu

Ngi tiu dng ni a

93%

3 %

4 %

13%

4%

11% 69%

69%13 %

11%

70 %15 %

30 %

Dch

v

tron

g

sn

xu

t

Dch

v

sau

thu

hoch

v

lu

thn

g

Ch

nh

sch

linq

uan

n

sn

xu

t

v

tiuth

l

ago

La Go lc Go thnh phm

c im h nng dn trng la BSCL

Quy m din tch: H nh 0,67 ha; h trung

bnh 1,42 ha; h ln 5,2 ha

Cc nhm h c xu hng thu t m

rng din tch (BQ 60% t thu) tn dng

li th theo quy m.

Nng sut bnh qun tng v chi ph gim

theo quy m, khong 3 ha c li

S dng ging thm ngn ngy tng (70%)

Thiu cc loi ging la cht lng cao

p ng nhu cu th trng trong nc

63% dng ging t lu gi

Hot ng thng mi ca h nng dn trong chui gi tr

la go

% Phn tch

i tc tiu th

Thng li 93 Quan h lng lo tha thun theo th trng

thng qua mi gii (20 ng/kg) 55%

Nh my xay xt 2,8 Nh my gn a bn sn xut

Lau bng/Xut khu 4,2 Hp ng theo m hnh cnh ng mu ln

Khng c iu khon rng buc trong bn la

Hnh thc thanh ton

Thanh ton tm ng t khch hng 84,75 t cc 20 -25% tng s tin rng buc

Thanh ton ti thi im giao hng 10,17 Mua t bn on

Thanh ton chm 5,08 Vn x hi: mi quan h gia nng dn v

khch hng

Chnh v: nng dn bn la ti (75%) b thiu cc phng tin sy

Thi im khc: nng dn bn la kh (100%)

Hot ng ca thng li trong chui gi tr la go

c tnh % Nhn xt

i tc tiu th

Nh my xay xt 30 Bn la cho nh my xay xt

Nh my lau bng/xut khu 48Bn go lc cho lau bng/xut khu

(nh my xay xt thu 70 -90 /kg)

Bn bun/bn l 15

Bn go thnh phm cho bn bun/bn

l trong khu vc sn xut (nh my xay

xt thu 110 130/kg)

Hnh thc thanh ton

Khch hng tr trc c

cung cp la go39,62

Lin kt gia Thng li v nh my

xt c rng buc cht ch hn so vi

ND do quan h bn hng thng qua

nhiu ln trao i mua bn, (khng chp ng rng buc)

Tr ngay lc mua hng 0

Tr sau khi cung cp hng 60,38

Hot ng ca ca nh my xay xt trong chui

% Nhn xt

Nh my xay xt truyn thng

Nh my lau bng/xut

khu13 Bn go lc thng qua tha thun

Bn bun/bn l 4Bn go thnh phm trc tip ti nh

my theo nhu cu ca bn bun bn l

Cung cp dch v xay xt 82Cung cp theo hnh thc dch v xay

xt cho thng li (70 110 ng/kg)

Nh my lau bng/xut khu

Xut khu 82Theo hp ng xut nhp khu

y thc xut khu

Bn bun/bn l 18 Ti khu vc tiu dng th

Quan h thng mi ca ngi bn bun ni a trong

chui gi tr la go

C s quan h thng mi cht ch gia ngi bn bun v h thng

bn l truyn thng (84,05 % c ngi bn bun bn cho ngi bn l

truyn thng)

Bn l truyn thng (ch a phng, cc ca hng bn l nh khu vc

nng thn) v bn l hin i (cc ca hng cht lng cao, siu th) bn

go cho ngi tiu dng trc tip

4.95%

84.05%

0.90%

8.25% Bn bun khc

Bn l truyn thng

Bn cho bn l hin i

Trc tip cho ngi tiu dng

S dng bao b nhn mc ti th trng la go trong nc

c im Bn bun

(%)

Bn l truyn

thng (%)

Bn l hin

i (%)

Hnh thc bn

Bn go ri km theo cung cp ti

nha ring

8,25 99,18 8,3

Bn go ng ti (bao ti hoc ti

nha tt)

91,75 2,2 91,7

Thng tin v sn phm khi ng ti

ng ti v khng c thng tin 59,84 99,18 0

ng ti vi thng tin nh my v

thng hiu

26,42 2,2 97,2

ng ti ch c thng tin v nh my 13,75 0 2,8

Hu ht cc sn phm bn ra ca bn l truyn thng khng c thng

tin v thng hiu

Bn l hin i rt cao vn thng tin xut x v thng hiu go

Rice domestic value chains

Rice export value chains

So snh gi tr gia tng ca chui gi tr go ni a v xut khu

(1 kg go)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Farmers Traders Milling Polishing Wholesale Retail

Additional cost

Value added

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Farmers Traders Milling Polishing Exporter

Additional cost

Value added

100%

47%52%

22%27%

0

27%

48%

74% 68%

0

26%

0 4% 5%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

NM nh NM TB NM ln Lau bng/XK Bnh qun

Ging ngn ngy thm (%) Ging t thng (%) Ging trung ngy, a phng (%)

C cu ging la c thu mua ti cc nh my xay xt

Thiu cc loi ging xc nhn, cht lng cao

Cht lng phn bn v thuc bo v thc vt cha m bo

Cc dch v khuyn nng hn ch cha hng dn ND s dng tit

kim u vo

Thiu t chc nng dn (HTX, t hp tc)

Bin i kh hu c tc ng tiu cc n sn xut la

Xut khu ph thuc DN nh nc v th trng go ANLT cht

lng thp, doanh nghip nh nc t lin kt thc s vi nng dn

Doanh nghip t nhn iu tit chui cn t: thiu lin kt dc

qun l cht lng la go

Thiu nng lc sy v tm tr cp h nng dn, cng ngh ch

bin xay st mt s doanh nghip cn lc hu

Cc phng thc tn dng u t chui cha ph hp vi nhu cu

K nng marketing v thng tin th trng ca cc doanh nghip

xut khu cn yu

Thiu thng hiu go cng ng, doanh nghip v VN

Hn ch ch yu trong pht trin chui gi tr la go

Thng hiu l Mt ci tn (ti sn phi vt cht) gn vi

mt sn phm hoc vi nh sn xut hay vng sn xut.

Cng l s ni ting v mt hnh nh c th (logo) i

vi ngi tiu dng

Thng hiu = du hiu trong nhn hiu hng ho +

hnh nh v hng ho trong tm tr ngi tiu dng.

Thng hiu = phn hn, Nhn hiu hng = phn xc.

Cn th ch gn cht ch ngi sn xut v ngi tiu

dng: Chui gi tr

Thng hiu nng sn l g?

CC LOI THNG HIU DNG CHO HNG

NNG SN

1. Ch dn a l (bo h 41 nng sn, trong Tm xoan

Hi hu, Mt bi Hng dn, Nng nhen By ni)

2. Nhn hiu chng nhn

3. Nhn hiu tp th

4. Nhn thng mi cng bng

5. Nhn hu c/sinh thi/xanh

6. Nhn VitGAP/GlobalGAP

7. Nhn hiu ca doanh nghip (Nosavina)

8. Thng hiu vng (go ng Thp?, go BSCL?)

9. Thng hiu quc gia (go Vit nam?)

Nng dn, HTX Doanh nghip

Cc c snt nhin

Sn phm

X hi

Th trng

1

2

4

3

La chn SP: TN th trng

TN sn xut

T mi trng

Cht lng ha SP Danh ting SP

CL cm quan

CL l ha

CL s dng (VSATTP)

ng k thng hiu

Thng mi ha SP Cc cng c qun l thng hiu

Nghin cu v th nghim th

trng cao cp

Xy dng knh hng bn vng

T chc ngi sn xut

Ti sn xut Tng thu nhp

Pht trin SX

Pht trin TT

Bo v mi trngTip cn PHT TRIN

thng hiu A PHNG

S trung thnh ca khch hng vi thng

hiu/nhn hiu nng snM

c

t

run

g t

hn

h

Th

ng

hi

u

Mc 3

Mc 2

Mc 1 Hnh vi Hnh vi

Chc nng

Hnh vi

Chc nng

Xc cm

Mua v s dng

lp lia thch hn Ph hp vi

tnh cch, v th

Trung

thnh

theo thi

quen,

tnh tin

li, r

Trung

thnh v

tnh vt

tri v li

ch chc

nng

Trung

thnh v

tnh vt

tri v li

ch xc

cm

Da trn s phong ph ca cc nhn hiu t

nhn, cng ng: Nng thm Ch o, Mt

bi Hng dn, Sc trng-ST,

C nng lc cung ng n nh v cht

lng v s lng ra th trng th gii v

trong nc

c bo h chnh thc cc th trng

chnh (c h thng kim sot chuyn nghip

to lng tin vi ngi tiu dng)

iu kin ca Thng hiu go Vit nam ?

C cu th trng go cht lng bn ti th trng th

TP HCM

44%

21%

33%

2%

Ging ngn ngy thm

Ging t thng

Ging c sn a phng

Go c xut x t nc ngoi

Cc loi cht lng go xut khu ca Vit nam

0

27.97%

43.73%

12.02%

5.68%3.07%

6.63%

0.80%

0.11%

2011 (%)

Go cao cp

Go cp trung bnh

Go cp thp

Go tm

Go np

Go thm cc loi

Go

Cc loi go khc

0

34.32%

20.31%

17.23%

4.56%

6.49%

14.81%

1.61%

0.67%2013 (%)

Go cao cp

Go cp trung bnh

Go cp thp

Go tm

Go np

Go thm cc loi

Go

Cc loi go khc

Source of raw data:Thailand rice exporters association, 2013

Th trng go cht lng quc t ca Thilan

40% ca tng gi tr xut khu

Th trng go cht lng chnh ca Thi lan

Percent

China

Hong Kong

Singapore

Malaysia

United States

CanadaMostly Broken

Xc nh mc tiu XK khong 40 % go CL cao, gim go CL thp

Nghin cu th trng tim nng cho go c sn Vit nam (CDL)

Quy hoch c th vng trng ph hp vi cc ging cht lng

H tr nng dn thu mn, chuyn nhng rung t v t chc HTX,

t hp tc nhm tng quy m sn xut v cung cp dch v gi r

Khuyn nng gim s dng ha cht v phn ha hc (3G-3T, SRI)

C phn ha doanh nghip la go NN chi phi, XK theo c ch TT

Thc y hp tc nng dn doanh nghip t nhn qun l CL chui

Thc y t chc nng dn pht trin cc dch v ti a phng: my

sy, d tr (kho cha) my ko, my thu hoch

Sa i c ch ti chnh, tn dng chui gi tr ph hp vi cc tc nhn,

thu ht u t hin i ha chui gi tr go CLC

Gim u t cng v nghin cu k thut, tng nghin cu th trng,

c bit th trng trong nc t vn cho nng dn sn xut

u t xy dng cc vng SX go c sn v thng hiu go quc gia

Gii php pht trin bn vng chui gi tr v thng hiu

go VN Ti c cu chui la go

Trung tm Nghin cu v Pht trin H thng Nng nghip

Centre for Agrarian Systems Research & Development

a ch: km9 i l Thng Long - An Khnh - Hoi c - H Ni

Tel: 043 3650793 - Fax: 043 3650862 - Email: hethongnn@gmail,com - Web: www,casrad,org,vn

mailto:hethongnn@gmail.comhttp://www.casrad.org.vn/