ex2studyques_13

8/11/2019 EX2StudyQUES_13

1/6

STUDY QUESTIONS - NURS 3110 - EXAM 2

1. Where do most organisms that cause UTIs come from? Which organism is themost common cause? What other organisms cause UTIs?

2. Compare and contrast the clinical presentation (symptoms) of each of thefollowing in a young child Corynebacterium diptheriae! Haemophilusinfuenzae! Bordetella pertussis.Coryne Bacteri!

"irregular! non spore forming rodsTo"in

-arrests proteins synthesis-necroti#ing and neuroto$in (only defense is antito$in)

"antito$in %loc&s to$in produced %y organism to lower I'CI'Cand

*+,T-IT/

C#inica# $i%ea%e-spread %y respiratory droplets (healthy carriers always present)-to$ins causes destruction of epithelium mi$ed w. 0%rin

-,C and WC are pseudomem%ranes that coer the pharyn$can cause asphy$iation and su3ocate a young child

"enlarged lymph nodes (often green)"to$in can damage heart and ales

Dia&no%tic 'a( Te%t%-specimens swa% nose and throat-culture need 45CI- media! su%mit isolate for to$igenicity testing

Treat!ent"gie diphtheria antito$in immediately"5enicilin arrests to$in production

)re*ention"isolation of patients"accination Ta5 or Td 6 acinnations for appropriate coerage

+ae!o,i#% in.en/aBor$ete##a ,ert%%i%

7. 8ow do the symptoms of ordetalla pertussis di3er in an infant or young childcompared to an adult?

9. 'ame two immuni#ations that hae waned in most adults? (8ow often shouldadults get each of these immuni#ations?)

6. ist 7 gram negatie organisms that can cause nosocomial infections. What isthe mode of transmission of each?


2/6

:. Which is the most common %acterial opportunistic infection and 7rd mostcommon cause of death in people with 8I;-I4. In otherwords! this infection is one of seeral >-I4 de0ning characteristics.

@. What organism causes most cases of traelerAs diarrhea?

B. What are the food sources for Listeria monocytogenes? What are results ofinfections of isteria monocytogenes in neonatal infants compared to adults?Te or&ani%!

"aria%le morphology cocco%acilli to long 0laments! Dagella! nocapsules or spores

"resistant to cold! heat! salt! p8 e$tremes (ca%age! deli)"rapid test in food industry for cold cuts etc.

"aoid if pregnant! need to coo& %ologna %y %oil"listeria I'UC phagocytosis"o%logate intracellular parasite

S,eci!en% %lood! C4E! placenta! amniotic Duid

oo$ %orce% c#inica# $i%ea%e e,i$e!ic #i%tero%i%-me$ican cheesecream cheese not pasteuri#ed-coleslaw-mil&-ice cream Fgrows in cold F-hummus-cold cuts

See#ae o4 in4ection% in neonata#

-early onset intrauterine-sepsis-still%irth or shortly after

"late onset"meningits (if infant suries)"%etween %irth and 7 wee&s

See#ae o4 in4ection% in a$#t%-meningitis or sepsis in immunocompromised patients

Treat!ent5,re*ention-ampicillin(%actericidal) or erythromycin (%acteriostatic)

-suscepti%le indiiduals should aoid products made from raw mil&!pac&aged shredded ca%%age! cold cuts and salads

-pasteuri#ation! coo&ing of food

G. What patient characteristics place them at ris& for infections from Listeriamonocytogenes? Pseudomonas aeruginosa? Tu%erculosis? *-C? 8ow is eachacHuired? What are the irulence factors of each?

1. Which organism causes each of the following egionnairesAs isease!


3/6

whooping cough! typhoid feer?

11. What is meant %y the >%ooster reaction to the 55 screening test?

12. 8ow is activeT con0rmed?

17. What are the symptoms of T?

19. Why do immigrants from the UJ and urope usually hae positie 55 testsand a negatie chest K"ray and sputum culture for T?

16. Why are hopes high for the new T"L+ screening test?

1:. Why are gram negatie cells more diMcult to &ill with anti%iotics anddisinfectants?

1@. 8ow long is a person with tu%erculosis contagious?

1B. Why is the incidence of T rising in patients in long"term care facilities?

1G. Which indiiduals with con0rmed T are most at ris& for multiple drugresistance and should %e started on a multi"drug regimen?

2. What is the most common cause of multiple drug"resistant T (*,T)infection?

21. Why were there no deaths among egionnaires stric&en with pneumonia andallergic to penicillin at a conention in 5hiladelphia in 1G@:? (8int Where does

the organism grow?)

22. 8ow is egionnairesA disease transmitted? What are the common reseroirs ofthe organism?

27. Compare and contrast the onset and symptoms of food poisoning=foodinfection caused %y 4almonellosis! 4higella! Campylo%acter. What foods areassociated with each?

29. What cured gram"negatie rod is a common cause of diarrhea and isassociated with undercoo&ed chic&en?

26. What is the most important treatment for patients with dysentery?

2:. What organism causes gastric and duodenal ulcers?

2@. Indiiduals with gonorrhea are often co"infected with chlamydia. Whatsymptoms of these infections would %ring a male to a campus clinic?

2B. What organism can immunosuppressed indiiduals contract from %reathing airnear a construction site?


4/6

2G. What are the symptoms of ,oc&y *ountain 4potted Eeer ersus ymeisease?

7. 'ame one factor a%out ,ic&ettsia and egionella that ma&es them fairly uniHueamong %acteria.

71. What is the most prealent se$ually transmitted noniral disease?

72. What organ(s) are attac&ed %y Chlamydia trachomatis?

77. What organisms cause each of the following granuloma! gumma! ghoncomple$! chancre.

79. What organism can %e contracted from %at droppings?

76. 5ro%ioni%acterium acnes causes acne ulgaris and also what other infections?)ro(ioni(acteri!-irregular! non spore forming rods

Te or&ani%!"common resident of pilose%aceous glands! U,T"thries on se%us"if on s&in! donAt get yeast infection on s&in"cause %io0lm that are chronic

C#inica# $i%ea%e-acne ulgaris"infects eyes! arti0cial Noints"can cause upper respiratory infections

Treat!ent-(en/oy# ,ero"i$e releases +2 which suppresses growth"%ecoming resistant to tetracyc#ine an$ eryto!yocine-c#in$a!ycin 6topical ery e3ectie) cam cause c.diMcile O is '+T

a%sor%ed through s&in"interrupts C

-tretinoin 6retin-A7topical agent that increases turnoer and reducescohesieness of

epithelial cells in hair follicles"i%otretinoin 6actane7 5+ agent that decreases se%um glands (5L K)

7:. /our %urn patient has %lue"green pus on one of his wounds and the room is0lled with the odor of PPPPP? What organism is he li&ely infected with?

7@. ,ecurrent infections in a neonatal ICU were attri%uted to what organism that ishar%ored under long=arti0cial 0ngernails?

7B. What is >herd protection? 'ame two diseases where herd protection isimportant.


5/6

7G. 8ow do Eoley indwelling catheters (which are related to BQ of nosocomialUTIs) increase the ris& of nosocomial UTI?

9. Compare and contrast enteropathogenic . Coli! enteroto$igenic . Coli and

enterohemorrhagic . Coli 16@8@ with respect to symptoms and preentionof disease.

91. What is the signi0cance of the coliform count in water samples?

92. Klebsiella pneumoniae causes pneumonia! UTIs! %acteremia! and woundinfections. Where does it inha%it? 8ow is infection acHuired?

97. Where do carriers of salmonella infections har%or the organism?

99. Why has childhood epiglottitis all %ut disappeared oer the last 26 years?

96. What is the most common cause of conNunctiitis (pin&eye)?

9:. escri%e the updated yme disease guide from the Infectious iseases 4ocietyof -merica (I4-).

9@. escri%e the symptoms of these other tic& %orne diseases a%esiosis!rlichiosis.

9B. Why is infection from *ycoplasma peumoniae called >atypical pneumonia?8ow is it diagnosed?

9G. Compare and contrast infections from Chlamydia trachomatis with Chlamydiapneumoniae.

6. Eingers! fomites! Dies in a hot dry climate can increase ris& of infection fromwhat organism &now to cause %lindness?

51. What is a dimorphic fungus?

52. What is a troph?

53. List as many obligate intracellular organisms as you can (including bacteria.

5!. What organism causes a red" #eepy rash #ith $esicles in the intertriginous folds of s%in55. and is often nosocomial in obese patients?

5&. What is the most important treatment for patients #ith dysentery?

5'. What organism can immunosuppressed indi$iduals contract from breathing air near a construction site?

5. What organism can be contracted from bat droppings? )o# else can it be contracted?


6/6

5*. Why is the +,-s community encouraged by the return of erigrine falcons to urban areas?

&/. + patient diagnosed #ith 0richomonas should also be tested for #hat other infections?

&1. -escribe ho# 0richomonas may be identified in the #omens health clinic setting.

&2. What organism causes fungus flu?

&3. What precautions should people ta%e to a$oid contracting Tineaspecies?

&!. -iscuss the $arious #ays one can de$elop tooplasmosis.

&5. What are the symptoms of 0ooplasma gondii in a neonate? +dult #ith +,-s?

&&. )o# do hormonal influences alter $aginal flora?

&'. ublic #ater supplies are chlorinated. What organisms are %illed in this process? What organisms are not%illed by chlorine (i.e. bleach?

&. Where does Candida albicanstypically reside in the human host? What situations can cause theorganism produce a superinfection?

&*. What are the symptoms of ryptococcus neoformans infection in an ),4 positi$e indi$idual?

'/. What symptoms are seen in patients infected #ithPneumocystis carinii (jirovici)?

'1. )o# is Giardia lambliacontracted? What are the symptoms of infection? What foods should patientsa$oid during and for about !& #ee%s follo#ing infection?

Read:

Neafsey, P.J. (2009). Case Mysteries in Pathophysiology. Engleood, Co: Morton P!". Co.

Case #$ (%rand&a's %ot a rand Ne ag)

Case 22 (Neer *oo +ld to earn a ad -a"it)

ex2studyques_13

Documents