huong dans d geo slope

Trng HBK - B mn ng t & ng thnh ph 1

Hng dn s dng phn mm kim tra n nh mi dc Slope/W

Bi 1 : c s l thuyt ca cc phng php tnh N NH MI DC THNG DNG

1. m u : Mi dc l khi t c mt gii hn l mt dc (hnh 1.1). Mi dc c hnh thnh hoc do tc nhn t nhin ( sn ni,b sng .v.v..) hoc do tc ng nhn to ( v d : taluy nn ng o, nn p, h mng, thn p t, .v.v..).

Tt c cc mi dc u c xu hng gim dc n mt dng n nh hn, cui cng chuyn sang nm ngang v trong bi cnh ny, mt n nh c quan nim l khi c xu hng di chuyn v ph hoi. i vi nn ng o l do khi chn kch thc, hnh dng ca mi dc cha hp l. Cc lc gy mt n nh lin quan ch yu vi trng lc v thm trong khi sc chng ph hoi c bn l do hnh dng mi dc kt hp vi bn thn bn khng ct ca t v to nn, do khi tnh ton n nh ca mi dc cn phi xt n y cc ni lc v ngoi lc. Nh chng ta bit mi dc cng thoi th n nh s cng cao, nhng khi lng cng tc t, din tch chim dng s cng ln, iu ny s dn n tri vi quan im kinh t hin nay. V vy, mc tiu cui cng ca vic tnh ton n nh mi dc l xc nh c dc mi taluy tho mn yu cu kinh t v k thut. nh gi n nh ca mi dc, v mt l thuyt hin nay tn ti nhiu phng php tnh, nhng c th gp chng thnh hai nhm phng php chnh nh sau: + Nhm phng php theo l thuyt cn bng gii hn ca khi rn ( gi thit trc hnh dng ca mt trt ) : c im ca nhm phng php dng mt trt gi nh l khng cn c trc tip vo tnh hnh c th ca ti trng v tnh cht c l ca t p quy nh mt trt cho mi dc, m xut pht t kt qu quan trc lu di cc mt trt ca mi dc trong thc t a ra gi thit n gin ho v hnh dng mt trt ri t nu ln phng php tnh ton, ng thi xem khi trt nh l mt vt th rn trng thi cn bng gii hn. + Nhm phng php da vo l thuyt cn bng gii hn thun tu : Nhm l thuyt ny da trn gi thuyt chnh cho rng, ti mi im trong

Hnh 1.1 : Mt ct ngang mt mi dc



khi p t u tho mn iu kin cn bng gii hn. Vic mt im mt n nh c gii thch l do s xut hin bin dng trt ti im . Cn mi t mt n nh l do s pht trin ca bin dng trt trong mt vng rng ln gii hn ca khi t p.

Trong hai nhm phng php nu trn, "nhm phng php da vo l thuyt cn bng gii hn thun tu " vn m phng c gn ng trng thi ng sut trong khi t b ph hoi, v mt ton hc mang tnh logic cao, nhng im hn ch l cha xt c bin dng th tch ca khi t, ng thi l gii bi ton n nh ca mi dc theo phng php ny cha c p dng rng ri trong thc t. Nhm phng php "dng mt trt gi nh " tuy c nhc im l xem khi trt nh l mt c th v c gii hn bi mt trt v mt mi dc, ng thi xem trng thi ng sut gii hn ch xy ra trn mt trt m thi, thc t th mt trt xy ra rt phc tp, ph thuc vo s tc dng ca ti trng ngoi, vo tnh cht ca cc a tng v vo cc yu t khc. Tuy vy tu theo tnh hnh c th ca tng cng trnh, m vic gi nh trc cc mt trt cho ph hp, ng thi nhm phng php ny tnh ton n gin hn v thin v an ton hn so vi nhm phng php l lun cn bng gii hn. Chnh v th thc t hin nay s dng phng php ny tnh ton n nh mi dc c p dng rng ri hn. 1.2 . phng trnh cn bng ca khi t trt 1.2.1. Cc gi thit tnh ton

lp phng trnh cn bng gii hn ca khi t trt cc tc gi nh K.E.Pettecxn, W. Fellenius, Bishop, Sokolovski, K. Terzaghi u da vo cng thc ni ting ca A.C. Coulomb ( nh lut Mohr - Coulomb - xem C hc t ) xc nh ng

sut ct : ns c tg = + (1.1) Hoc ( )ns c u tg = + (1.2) Trong :

s - ng sut ct gii hn ti im bt k trn mt trt trng thi cn bng gii hn.

n- ng sut php gii hn ( vung gc vi mt trt ) trng thi cn bng gii hn . c - Lc dnh n v ca t trng thi gii hn ng vi h s n nh ca mi dc.

- Gc ma st trong ca t ng vi trng thi gii hn ca t. u - p lc nc l rng. Khi tnh ton n nh, mt trt gi nh trc c th l trn, hn hp ( t hp cc cung trt trn v thng ) hoc hnh dng bt k c xc nh bi hng lot nhng ng thng. Chia khi t trt ra thnh nhiu ct thng ng, mi ct



t c gii hn bi hai mt phng thng ng v c xem nh mt vt rn nguyn khi ta ln trn cung trt. im khc nhau c bn gia cc phng php ca cc tc gi nu trn chnh l vic gi thit phng, v tr tc dng v gi tr ca cc lc tc dng tng h gia cc mnh trt bao gm lc ct v lc x ngang gia cc mnh. Phng trnh cn bng gii hn c xc nh da trn cc gi thit : + t c xem nh vt liu tun theo nh lut Mohr - Coulomb. + H s n nh ( h s an ton ) nh nhau cho tt c cc im trn mt trt.

+ Trng thi cn bng gii hn ch xy ra trn mt trt.

Hnh 1.2 : Lc tc dng ln phn t t trong trng hp mt trt trn

Hnh 1.3 : Lc tc dng ln phn t t trong trng hp mt trt t hp



Hnh (1.2), (1.3) v (1.4) th hin cc hnh dng mt trt. Cc gi tr c

nh ngha nh sau : W - Trng lng ca mnh trt vi b rng b v chiu cao trung bnh h. N - Tng lc php tuyn ti y mt trt ca phn t t. S - Lc ct di chuyn ( lc ct hot ng ) ti y mt trt ca phn t t,

hoc l Sm khi mt trt c hnh dng bt k. EL, ER - Lc php tuyn bn tri v bn phi ca mi phn t t. XL, XR - Lc ct bn tri v bn phi ca mi phn t t. D - Ngoi lc tc dng. kW - Ti trng ng t theo phng ngang tc dng i qua trng tm mi

phn t t. R - Bn knh mt trt trn hay cnh tay n ca lc ct di chuyn, Sm khi

mt trt c hnh dng bt k. f - khong cch t tm quay n phng ca lc php tuyn N. x - Khong cch theo phng ngang t ng trng tm ca mi phn t t

n tm cung trt trn hay tm mmen ( khi cung trt c hnh dng bt k ). e - Khong cch theo phng ng t tm ca mi phn t t n tm cung

trt trn hay tm mmen ( khi cung trt c hnh dng bt k ). d - Khong cch vung gc t ng tc dng ca ti trng ngoi n tm

cung trt trn hay tm mmen. h - Chiu cao trung bnh ca mi phn t t. b - Chiu rng theo phng ngang ca mi phn t t. - Chiu di y mt trt. a - Khong cch t hp lc nc bn ngoi ( nc ngp hai bn taluy ) ti

tm quay hay tm mmen. AL, AR - Hp lc tc dng ca nc.

Hnh 1.4 : Lc tc dng ln phn t t trong trng hp mt trt gy khc



- gc nghing ca ng ti trng ngoi so vi phng ngang. - Gc hp gia tip tuyn ti y mi mt trt vi phng nm ngang. H s n nh ca mi dc c th c xc nh t iu kin cn bng

mmen hoc cn bng lc hoc iu kin cn bng gii hn tng qut.

1.2.2. Phng trnh cn bng mmen iu kin cn bng gii hn v mmen l tng mmen ca cc lc i vi tm trt phi bng khng ( xem hnh 1.2, 1.3 v 1.4 ):

. . .f . . . 0mW x S R N kW e D d Aa + = (1.3)

Hay 1

1

nigiu

im n

itruot

i

M

MK =

=

=

( mt s ti liu k hiu l Fm )

[ . . ( . ). . ]. .f . . .m

c R N u R tgW x N kW e D d Aa

K + = +

(1.4)

Trong :

[ ( ) ]. n

mm m

c u tgsSK K

+ = = (1.5) Vi :

nN = - ng sut php trung bnh ti y mt trt.

Km - H s n nh xc nh theo iu kin cn bng v mmen. s c xc nh t cng thc (1.1) hay (1.2)

1.2.3. Phng trnh cn bng lc iu kin cn bng lc theo phng ngang cho tt c cc mnh trt ( xem hnh 1.2, 1.3 v 1.4 ): ( ) .sin .cos .cos 0L R mE E N S kW D A + = (1.6)

Hay 1f

1

nigiu

in

itruot

i

F

FK =

=

=

( mt s ti liu k hiu l Ff )

f [ . .cos ( . ). .cos ].sin .cosc N u tgN kW D A

K

+ = +

(1.7)

1.2.4. Phng trnh cn bng gii hn tng qut (GLE) Trong thc t, tnh hnh phn b a cht, thu vn rt phc tp cc mi dc nn o, nn mt trt cng thng c hnh dng rt phc tp : c th l hn hp cc cung



trn v cc on thng hoc cc on thng gy khc. Do vy tn ti tm trt o, s lng n ln hn s cc phng trnh c lp, bi ton tr nn v nh. Nu gi thit mt tm trt tho mn iu kin cn bng mmen, th khng tho mn iu kin cn bng v lc theo mt phng no , hoc ngc li. Do vy, mt s tc gi kt hp cc iu kin cn bng trn gii quyt bi ton - c gi l phng php cn bng gii hn tng qut ( General Limit Equilibrium - GLE ), s dng cc phng trnh cn bng tnh hc sau y tm h s an ton : 1- Tng cc lc theo phng ng i vi phn t t c gi nh tm lc php tuyn N ti y mt trt. ( ) .cos .sin .sin 0L R mW X X N S D + + + = (1.8) Thay (1.1) hay (1.2) vo (1.8) gii c phn lc php tuyn N :

. .sin . .sin .( ) .sin

sin .cos

R Lc u tgW X X D

KN tgK

++ +=

+ (1.9)

2- Tng cc lc theo phng ngang i vi mi mt trt c s dng tnh ton lc tng h E. Phng trnh c p dng khi tnh tch phn ton b khi lng khi trt t tri sang phi. 3- Tng momen i vi mt im chung cho tt c cc phn t t, dng tnh h s n nh momen Km. 4- Tng cc lc theo phng ngang i vi tt c cc lt ct, dng tnh h s n nh Kf. Kt qu l h s n nh chung K c tnh trn cc h s n nh Km v Kf, tc l tho mn c iu kin cn bng lc v cn bng momen, v c xem l h s n nh ( h s an ton ) hi t ca phng php cn bng gii hn tng qut.



CHNG II

ng dng phn mm Slope/w tnh n nh mi dc 2.1. Gii thiu mt s phn mm tnh n nh mi dc hin nay

- Phn mm Taren (Php) : Tnh n nh mi dc, tng chn c gia cng neo thp.

- Phn mm tng hp Plaxis (H Lan) : Da vo l thuyt cn bng gii hn thun tu, gii quyt bi ton bng phng php phn t hu hn - m hnh chuyn v. Phn mm tnh ton n nh mi dc, tng chn gia cng neo thp, li vi a k thut, li ct thp, ...

- B phn mm Geo - Slope (Canada) : c nhiu nc trn th gii nh gi l b chng trnh mnh nht, c dng ph bin nht hin nay, gm c 6 Modul sau : 1. SEEP/W : Phn tch thm. 2. SIGMA/W : Phn tch ng sut bin dng. 3. SLOPE/W : Phn tch n nh mi dc, mi dc c gia cng neo. 4. CTRAIN/W : Phn tch nhim trong giao thng. 5. TEMP/W : Phn tch a nhit. 6. QUAKE/W : Phn tch ng thi cc thnh phn trn.

2.2. Gii thiu phn mm SLOPE/W Trong phn ny ch gii thiu mt s vn chnh ca phn mm Slope/w

version 4.2, c th xem thm hng dn chi tit cc lnh bng menu Help trong chng trnh.

2.2.1. Mn hnh lm vic ca phn mm Slope/w

- Ca s chnh ( main window ) : Ging nh bt k chng trnh chy trong mi trng windows khc, ca s chnh ca Slope/w cng bao gm cc thnh phn sau : thanh tiu cha tn chng trnh v tn tp ang m, cc nt iu khin maximize, minimize, close, menu bar, cc thanh cng c, thanh trng thi, vng ho, ... c tn l DEFINE.

T ca s chnh m n 2 ca s con th hin kt qu tnh ton c tn l CONTOUR v SOLVE.

- Thanh menu bar ( Bar menu ): Cha tt c cc lnh c th thc hin

vi Slope/w :



Ca s phn tch n nh mi dc

Tm trt

mt trt

Thanh tiu menu barcc thanh cng c

mn hnh ho

To con tr

Trc to

Thanh trng thi

Thanh cun

Ca s chnh ca chng trnh



- Thanh cng c chun ( Standard toolbar ) : Cung cp nhanh cc lnh c

bn, thao tc vo, ra, quan st m hnh ... - Cc thanh cng c ni ( floalting toolbar ) : Cung cp nhanh cc lnh to m

hnh, thay i m hnh, chn phng php phn tch, chnh sa v xem kt qu. - Ca s hin th m hnh ( Dislay window ) : Dng ho cc s hnh

hc, hin th kt qu phn tch, gm c 2 ca s Define v Contour. mi thi im ch c mt ca s hot ng

- Thanh trng thi ( Status bar ) : Th hin thng tin hin thi ca m hnh nh v tr tr chut trn mn hnh hin th, lnh ang thc thi ...

2.2.2. M t cc menu c bn 1. File MENU :

Cha cc lnh v file, kt xut d liu, in n.

Ca s lp tnh n nh mi dc

Nt khi ng

Nt dng

Phng php phn tch

H s n nh theo iu kin

cn bng momen

S ln lp

H s n nh theo iu kin cn bng lc



-> M mt file mi -> M mt file c -> c file d liu t cc modul ca Geoslope -> Xut d liu dng file *.emf -> ghi d liu thnh file -> In hnh ho -> Cc file va thc thi -> Thot khi chng trnh Slope/w

2. File SET :

3. File SET :

4. File SET :



Bi 2 : ng dng phn mm Slope/W gii quyt bi ton n nh mi dc

A. KIM TRA n nh mi dc :

I. Thit lp vng lm vic :

Vng lm vic l ni s dng cho vic nh ngha bi ton, c th nh hn,

bng hoc ln hn trang giy in.

Nu vng lm vic ln hn trang giy in, bi ton s c in trn nhiu trang

khi h s phng bng hoc ln hn 1.

Vng lm vic nn c thit lp trc to thun li cho vic thao tc vi

mt t l quen thuc. Thng thng c th chn kch thc vng lm vic : Rng

260 mm, Cao 200 mm.

I.1 Xc nh phm vi vng lm vic :

- T thc n Set chn trang Page. Xut hin hp thoi nh hnh v :

- Chn n v p dng cho vng lm vic trong hp nhm Units l mm

- Trong nhm Working Area, chn Width = 260 mm, Height = 200 mm

- Chn OK.

I.2 Xc nh t l v :

Cc i tng hnh hc thng thng c nh ngha vi n v m, do

cn chn t l v thch hp ph hp vi ni dung trang giy (thng c chn

l 1:200 )

- T thc n Set chn trang Scale. Xut hin hp thoi nh hnh v :



- Chn n v dng miu t i tng hnh hc trong nhm Engineering

Units l Meters

- Nhp kch thc m rng dng miu t bi ton trong nhm Problem

Extents, nn chn kch thc rng hn bi ton mt cht c th dnh l cho bn

v.

- Nhp t l v trong hp Horz.1 v Vert.1 trong nhm Scale.

Lu : Khi nhp t l v mi, kch thc vng lm vic c th thay i theo

t l mi thng qua s thay i ca cc gi tr Maximum x v Maximum y trong

nhm Problem Extents.

- Chn OK.

I.3 Xc nh li v :

Vic xc nh nn li v trong phm vi vng lm vic s to iu kin

thun li cho vic to im, ng chnh xc theo to mong mun thng qua

ch bt dnh.

- T thc n Set chn trang Grid. Xut hin hp thoi nh hnh v :



- Nhp khong cch li trong hp X v Y trong nhm Grid Spacing. Sau

khi nhp, khong cch thc ca mt li trn mn hnh c th hin trong nhm

Actual Grid Spacing.

- Nhp chn trong Display Grid v Snap to Grid

- Chn OK.

I.4 Lu d liu vo tp :

D liu nh ngha ca bi ton cn c ghi ra tp, nhm phc v cho cc

chng trnh SOLVE, CONTOUR gii v hin th kt qu.

- Nu d liu c ghi ln u v sau mi ln thao tc, chn Save t thc

n File

- Nu lu d liu vo mt tp khc, chn Save As t thc n File.

II. Phc tho bi ton :

II.1 Phc tho ni dung bi ton :

phc tho bi ton u tin cn lm xut hin ton b vng lm vic

trong ca s mn hnh, bng vic nhn chut ln nt Zoom Page trn thanh

cng c Zoom

phc tho ni dung bi ton chn Lines t thc n Sketch, lc ny con

tr chut s bin thnh hnh du +, di chuyn con tr chut n to im cn

phc tho v nhn phm tri, con tr chut s c dch chuyn n to im

mong mun nh c ch bt dnh. Lc ny, nu tip tc di chuyn, mt ng k

s xut hin ti im va bt dnh n v tr hin ti ca chut. C tip tc di



chuyn chut v bt dnh cc im mong mun theo yu cu ca bi ton v kt

thc vic pht tho bng phm phi chut.

Nhn nt Zoom Objects trn thanh cng c Zoom phng to cc

ng va pht tho va kht vi ca s vng lm vic.

II.2 Xc nh phng php phn tch (Bishop, Ordinary, Janbu,..)

- phn tch bi ton n nh mi dc, hin nay c rt nhiu phng php,

ch ra phng php phn tch t thc n KeyIn chn Analysis Method, s xut

hin hp thoi nh hnh v :

- Chn phng php phn tch Bishop (with Ordinary & Janbu)

- Chn OK.

II.3Xc nh cc tu chn khi phn tch bi ton.

ch ra cc tu chn khi phn tch :

- T thc n KeyIn chn Analysis Control, s xut hin hp thoi :



- Trong hp thoi KeyIn Analysis Control, s dng cc la chn mc nh

nh sau :

+ Trong nhm Apply Probability Analysis chn khng phn tch xc sut

(Probabilistic analysis)

+ Trong nhm Slip Surface Option la chn cc loi mt trt, nu la chn

Grid and Radius cho php nh r mt li cc tm v bn knh mt trt.

+ La chn mc hi t, thng qua nhm Convergence nhp s mnh ca

mt trt (Number of Slices) v sai s cho php.

+ La chn hng di chuyn ca mt trt thng qua nhm Direction of

Movement

+ La chn cch biu din p lc nc mao dn bng ng p lc

Piezometric Lines/Ru trong nhm Pore-Water Pressure

+ La chn nh hng ca sc cng n vic xut hin vt nt trong nhm

Tension crack l None.

+ Chn OK.

II.4 Nhp cc thng s tnh ton cho nn t

nhp thng s cc lp t, t thc n KeyIn chn Soil Properties, s

xut hin hp thoi nh hnh v :



Qu trnh nhp c tin hnh cho tng lp, bao gm cc thng s : s th t

lp t ( soil), m hnh tnh ton ( Strength Model), miu t lp t (

Description), v chn mu th hin ( Color).

Sau khi nhp y cc c tnh cho mi lp t, nhn nt Copy chp

vo danh sch. Sau khi nhp y cc lp t vo danh sch nhp chn OK

kt thc.

II.5 V ng phn cch gia cc lp t trn bn v phc tho :

v ng phn cch gia cc lp t trn bn v phc tho (hay s

hnh hc ca lp t), s dng lnh Draw Lines . Tt c cc ng phi bt u t

im tri nht v kt thc im phi nht cho tng lp.

- u tin t thc n Draw chn lnh Lines, s xut hin hp thoi Draw

Lines nh hnh v :



- Trong nhm Select Line Line # th hin s th t lp t, mc nh l 1.

Chn Draw v

Lu : Khi chn Draw con tr chut s chuyn thnh hnh du +, bm phm

tri chut nhp chn im cn v, nhp phm phi hoc ESC kt thc qu

trnh v, lc ny hp thoi Draw Lines li xut hin chn ng v cho lp t

tip theo. Chn s th t lp t v lnh Draw v ng tip theo, hoc Done

kt thc qu trnh v.

II.6 V ng phn b p lc nc l rng trong t :

Slope/W th hin phn b p lc nc l rng trong t bng mt ng o

p.

v ng o p, chn mc Pore Water Pressure t thc n Draw, hp

thoi Draw Piezometric Lines xut hin nh hnh v :

Trong nhm Apply to Soil chn cc lp t cn v ng o p.

Chn lnh Draw bt u v ng o p, nhp chn im khi v bm

phm tri chut, kt thc lnh v bm phm phi chut. Lc ny hp thoi Draw

Piezometric Lines li xut hin v ng th hai.

kt thc qu trnh v ng o p, nhn chn nt Done.

II.7. Xc nh bn knh mt trt v li mt trt

II.7.1 Xc nh vng bn knh mt trt :

xc nh bn knh cung trt v v tr ca mt trt th nghim, cn xc

nh vng bn knh mt trt thng qua vic nh ngha cc ng hoc cc im



s dng cho vic tnh ton bn knh cung trt (SLOPE/W s nh ngha cung trt

bng cch s dng cc ng ny lm tip tuyn).

- T thc n Draw, chn Slip Surface > Radius, con tr chut s chuyn

sang hnh du + v thanh trng thi xut hin ch dn Draw Slip Surface Radius,

tin hnh di chuyn chut v xc nh vng dng v ng bn knh mt trt.

Sau khi chn, vng dng v ng bn knh s c vin, v xut hin hp thoi

Draw Slip Surface Radius nh hnh v :

Trong hp # of Radius Increments chp nhn gi tr mc nh 2.

- Chn OK

II.7.2. Xc nh li tm trt :

- Tng t cch xc nh vng bn knh mt trt, t thc n Draw, chn

Slip Surface > Grid, con tr chut s chuyn sang hnh du + v thanh trng thi

xut hin ch dn Draw Slip Surface Grid, tin hnh di chuyn chut v xc nh

vng dng v ng bn knh mt trt. Sau khi chn, vng li tm trt s

c v b nh du. Hp thoi Draw Slip Surface Grid xut hin nh hnh v :

Trong nhm # of Increments nhp gi tr chia li theo chiu ngang (X)

v dc (Y) trong vng li tm trt.

- Chn OK hoc Apply. Lc ny trn mn hnh li tm trt gm 12 im.

SLOPE/W SOLVE s nh ngha cung trt qua cc tm im ny.



II.8. Khai bo ti trng tp trung :

Vic khai bo ti trng tp trung bao gm vic xc nh v tr, ln v

hng ca ti trng.

- T thc n Draw, chn Line Loads, hp thoi Draw Line Loads xut

hin :

Con tr chut chuyn sang hnh du + v thanh trng thi xut hin thng

bo Draw Line Loads

- Trong hp Magnitude nhp gi tr ln ca ti trng

- Nu chn phng php phn tch xc sut, trong Standard Deviation

nhp gi tr lch chun ca ti trng.



- Di chuyn con tr n v tr cn t ti trng v nhn phm tri. Nu tip

tc di chuyn con tr s xut hin mt ng mu en t v tr con tr. Hng ca

ti trng xut hin trong Direction.

- ch chnh xc hng ca ti trng, c th nhp trc tip gi tr gc ca

ti trng trong Direction (vi n v nhp l xem hnh v).

- Nhn nt Apply xc nhn khai bo.

Tip tc nhp cc ti trng cn li theo cc bc nu.

- Nhn Done kt thc.

II.9 Hiu chnh ti trng :

- T thc n Draw, chn Line Loads, hp thoi Draw Line Loads xut

hin :

Con tr chut chuyn sang hnh du + v thanh trng thi xut hin thng

bo Draw Line Loads

- Chn ti trng trn bn v cn hiu chnh. Ti trng ch nh s c bao

bng vin , tr s ln v hng ca ti trng xut hin trong hp thoi Draw

Line Loads.

- Sa i nhng ni dung cn hiu chnh ca ti trng trn hp thoi Draw

Line Loads.



- Nhn Apply cp nht nhng thay i mi cho ti trng.

- kt thc bc hiu chnh, nhn chn Done, hoc ESC hoc phm phi

chut.

Ch : nhp v hiu chnh ti trng c th thc hin t thc n KeyIn >

Loads > Line Loads trn hp thoi KeyIn Line Loads nh hnh v :

II.8. Khai bo ti trng phn b :

Khi tnh ton n nh nn p, hoc ta luy nn o c nhiu tuyn ng b

tr lch cao phi k thm ti trng ca t hoc xe xch chy trn mt ng

bng cch i cc ti trng v ti trng phn b u trn c b rng nn ng

c chiu cao ht xc nh nh sau :

.. .td d

nGhB L= ; (m)

Trong :

n : s xe nng ti a c th xp hng ngang trong phm vi b rng nn

ng.

B : B rng hng xe xp hng ngang ni trn; (m)

L : Chiu di xe nng tnh t mp trc ca lp trc n mp sau ca

lp sau (m).

: Dung trng ca nn t; (T/m3) T xc nh c ti trng phn b u : p = .ht (T/m)



Trn mn hnh ho, n vo nt

xut hin hp thoi

Nhp tn ng bao hnh dng ti trng phn

b (mc nh l 1) vo nhp Line #, nu v

nhiu ti trng khc nhau th sau mi ln v, phi t tn khc (2,3,4 ...)

Nhp gi tr ti trng phn b vo nhp Pressure

Nhp hng ti trng tc dng : thng ng (vertical), hoc thng gc nn t

(normal)

Nhn Draw v, sau khi v xong nhn Done kt thc.

II.10. Mt s tu chn khi phc tho bi ton :

II.10.1 tt cc im hoc s hiu cc im :

- T thc n View, chn Preferences, hp thoi Preferences xut hin :



- khng hin th im trn bn v : b tu chn Points.

- khng hin th s hiu im hoc ng trn bn v : b tu chn Point

& Line Numbers.

- Chn OK.

II.10.2 V h trc AXES :

Vic phc tho h trc trn bn v gip cho vic xem xt v c thng tin

bn v sau khi in tr nn n gin hn.

- Bt ch hin th li bng cch nhn nt chut vo nt Snap to Grid

trn thanh cng c Grid.

- T thc n Sketch, chn Axes, hp thoi Axes xut hin nh hnh v :

- to mt h trc X nm ngang bn di v Y nm dc bn tri : Chn

Left Axis, Bottom Axis, v Axis Numbers trong nhm Display.



- Chn OK. Con tr chut s chuyn thnh du +, v thanh trng thi xut

hin thng bo Sketch Axes

- Dch chuyn con chut n gc tri bn tri bn v (thng l im c to

(0,0) ) v gi phm tri chut ko n im thuc gc trn bn phi bn v v

nh chut. Mt h trc x,y s c to ra trong vng chn.

- thay i rng khong cch chia trn cc trc v thay i ni dung

tiu trn h trc : chn Set > Axes.

II.10.3 Hin th cc c tnh ca t :

Vic hin th cc c tnh ca t cho php ngi thit k c th kim tra li

cc thng s tnh ton ca cc lp t m bo chng c nhp chnh xc hn.

xem cc thng s v cc lp t :

- T thc n View, chn Soil Properties, con tr chut chuyn sang hnh

du +, thanh trng thi xut hin thng bo View Soil Properties v hp thoi

nh hnh v :

- xem thng s v lp t no, ch vic di chuyn con tr chut n bt

c im no bn trong lp t v nhn phm tri chut. Lp t c t nn li,

ng phn cch v cc im c hin sng. Cc thng s ca lp t c xut

hin trong hp thoi View Soil Properties nh hnh v:



Hp thoi th hin : s lp t, m t lp t, loi m hnh, cc thng s m

hnh (lc dnh, gc ma st,..), cc ng o p, p lc nc l rng,...

- xem ton b thng s ca cc lp t, thay i kch thc hp thoi

bng cch ko dn ng vin ca hp thoi cho n khi tt c cc thng tin xut

hin y . Hoc nhn nt All Soil. Lc ny tt c cc thng tin v cc lp t

hin th nh hnh sau:

- chp tt c cc thng s ca t vo Clipboard dn vo mt ng dng

khc, chn Copy.

- in tt c cc thng tin v cc lp t, chn Print.

- kt thc, chn Done hoc nhn phm phi chut.

II.10.4 Gn nhn (tn gi) cho cc lp t :

- T thc n Sketch, chn Text hp thoi Sketch Text xut hin nh hnh

v :



- Nhn nt Soil, xut hin hp thoi :

- gn nhn cho lp t, di chuyn con tr chut n v tr lp t. Nhn

chut tri chn, lp t ny s c t vi nn li, cc im v ng phn

cch lp hin sng. Cc thng s ca lp t xut hin trong hp thoi vi mc

nh tt c cc tham s c chn.

- Mun hin th cc thng s no ca lp t, chn cc tham s trong danh

sch ca nhm Soil Properties. Nu ch mun gn nhn cho lp t, b chn mi

tham s khc ch gi li tham s Description trong nhm Soil Properties v xo ni

dung trong Title.

- Chn OK quay li hp thoi Sketch Text.

- Vic gn nhn cho cc lp t cn li c thc hin tng t.

- kt thc vic gn nhn nhn nt Done, hoc nhn phm phi chut, hoc

nhn ESC.

II.10.5. B sung cc thng tin v bi ton :

b sung thng tin cho bi ton, cc bc thc hin tng t nh gn nhn

cho cc lp t, trong vic u tin l nhp cc thng tin v bi ton. Trong

SLOPE/W, mi bi ton c gi l mt d n (Project). nhp cc thng tin v

bi ton :

- T thc n KeyIn, chn Project ID, xut hin hp thoi KeyIn Project ID

nh hnh v :



- Trong Tittle, g tiu bi ton (v d trn hnh v SLOPE/W Exemple

Problem)

- Trong Comments, g miu t bi ton (v d trn hnh v Learn Exemple

in Chapter 3)

- Chn OK.

gn nhn cho bi ton :

- T thc n Sketch, chn Text, hp thoi Sketch Text xut hin nh hnh

v :

- Chn Project ID, mn hnh Project ID xut hin nh hnh v :



- Trong danh sch Setting, chn cc tham s cn a vo bi ton (mc nh

tt c cc tham s c chn).

- Tin hnh chn tng cc tham s c chn trong danh sch Setting v

thc hin xo ni dung trong Title. Sau khi hon tt cc bc thc hin, mang

hnh Project ID c dng nh hnh v :

- t nhn cho bi ton, nhn phm tri chut ti v tr cn th hin trn

bn v.

- Chn Done kt thc vic b sung thng tin cho bi ton.

Ch : Nu thay i thng tin v bi ton, nhn s t ng cp nht. Nu

mun hin th nhiu thng tin hn v bi ton trn nhn, chn Modify > Text v

nhn vo nhn ca bi ton.

Sau khi hon thnh cc bc nu, mn hnh c dng nh hnh v :



II.10.6 Chn nh vo bn v :

chn nh vo bn v (v d biu tng ca cng ty hay bt k loi nh

no), qu trnh thao tc c thc hin nh sau :

- Khi ng DEFINE v m tp bn v cn chn nh.

- T thc n File, chn Import Picture, hp thoi Import Picture xut hin

:

- Chn file nh cn chn (v d HighFive.bmp), nhn Open. Con tr s

chuyn thnh du +.



- Di chuyn con tr n v tr cn chn nh trn bn v v nhn chut tri.

Sau khi chn mn hnh c dng nh hnh v :

II.10.7 Thay i kch thc v v tr nh :

- Chn Modify > Objects. Sau khi chn con tr chuyn sang mi tn mu

en.

- Nhn chut ln v tr nh v di chuyn nh n v tr cn thay i.

- Nhn Done hoc ESC kt thc.

III. Phn tch bi ton :

III.1 Kim tra d liu nhp :

Sau khi phc tho bi ton, tin hnh kim tra li cc d liu nhp

m bo d liu c nhp chnh xc.

-T thc n Tools, chn Verify, xut hin hp thoi Verify Data nh hnh

v :



- Nhp chn Verify : SLOPE/W s kim tra d liu bi ton. Nu pht hin

li trong d liu, cc thng bo li s xut hin trong hp thoi nh hnh v, trong

tng s li s xut hin dng cui cng.

- Nhp Done ng hp thoi.

III.2 Lu d liu nhp :

Sau khi kim tra d liu nhp. Chn File > Save lu d liu.

SLOPE/W SOLVE s lu tp d liu vi ui tp *.SLP v s dng tp d liu ny

tnh h s an ton.

III.3 Phn tch bi ton :

- Trn thanh cng c DEFINE, nhn chut ln nt SOLVE



Hoc t thc n Tools chn Solve, hp thoi Slope/W Solve xut hin nh

hnh v. Chn File > Open Data File t hp thoi Slope/W Solve m tp cn

tnh ton.

Ca s SOLVE xut hin. SOLVE s t ng m tp *.SLP cn tnh ton v

hin th tn tp, nh hnh v ( y tn tp l Learn.slp)

- Nhn chut ln nt Start ca ca s Solve. Sau khi chn, mt chm mu

xanh xut hin gia nt Start v Stop. Chm ny nhp nhy trong khi bi ton c

gii.

- Nhp chn File > Exit thot khi ca s SLOPE/W SOLVE.

Trong qu trnh phn tch, SOLVE hin th h s an ton ti thiu v s hiu

mt trt hin ti ang phn tch, nh hnh v :



III.4 Xem kt qu tnh ton :

Kt qu phn tch, c th c xem bng ho thng qua chng trnh

SLOPE/W CONTOUR. khi ng CONTOUR, nhn nt CONTOUR trn thanh

cng c DEFINE

Hoc c th chy CONTOUR t thc n Tools chn CONTOUR, hp thoi

SLOPE/W CONTOUR xut hin nh hnh v. Chn File > Open t hp thoi

SLOPE/W CONTOUR m tp cn xem kt qu phn tch.



Bn v ca CONTOUR s c th hin theo nhng la chn trong View,

Preferences khi ghi bi ton c nh ngha bng DEFINE. Trong , c th xem

cc phn khc bng cch thay i Preferences t thc n View ca CONTOUR.

III.4.1 V mt mt trt bt k :

v mt trt bt k khng phi l mt trt c h s an ton ti thiu :

- T thc n Draw ca CONTOUR chn Slip Surfaces, xut hin hp thoi

nh hnh v :

Hp thoi cung cp thng tin v mt trt hin ti ang hin th v danh sch

cc mt trt v h s an ton tng ng.

- hin th cc mt trt khc, di chuyn chut trn ca s CONTOUR gn

li tm quay ca mt trt cn th hin v nhn phm tri. CONTOUR v mt

trt nh nht cho tm quay ny v hin th h s an ton bn trong li cc tm

im.

- kt thc, nhn Done hoc phm phi chut.

III.4.2 Hin th kt qu theo cc phng php tnh khc :

Trong phn khai bo phc tho bi ton, vic tnh ton h s an ton c

chn theo phng php Bishop (with Ordinary and Janbu), v th CONTOUR hin

th h s an ton theo phng php Bishop. Cc h s an ton theo phng php

Ordinary v Janbu cng c th c xem. xem h s an ton theo cc phng

php khc :

- T thc n View, chn Method, xut hin hp thoi View Method :



- Bm mi tn bn phi hp thoi danh sch cc phng php khc xut

hin. Mun hin th kt qu theo phng php no, chn t hp danh sch th

xung.

- Chn OK.

tr v ch xem mc nh. Chn View > Method v chn Bishop hoc

nhn nt Default trn thanh cng c Method.

III.4.3 Hin th lc tc dng trn tng phn t :

- T thc n View, chn Slice Forces : Mt ca s trng xut hin, con tr

chut chuyn t hnh mi tn sang hnh du +, thanh trng thi xut hin thng bo

View Slice Forces

- xem s lc tc dng trn phn t t no, di chuyn chut bn trong

phn t v nhn chut tri. Kt qu lc tc dng ln mi phn t t nh hnh v

:



S hin th cc lc tc dng ln phn t t c chn i vi phng

php tnh hin ti trn mt trt ti thiu. ln ca mi vect lc c hin th

bn cnh mi tn v hng ca mi tn ch hng ca vect. a gic lc miu t

tng hp tt c cc lc tc dng ln phn t t. a gic lc khp kn th hin s

cn bng ca lc tc dng ln phn t t.

Cc lc tc dng ln mi phn t t ca mt trt nguy him nht c tnh

v lu trong tp c phn m rng *.FRC.

- sao chp th vo Clipboard dn vo ng dng khc, chn Copy

Diagram.

- sao chp thng tin theo nh dng text, chn Copy Data

- in hnh v, chn Print

- Chn Done hoc nhn phm phi kt thc.

III.4.4 V ng chu tuyn ca cc h s an ton (ng ng Kat) :

- T thc n Draw, chn Contours, xut hin hp thoi Draw Contours

nh hnh v :



Nhm Data Range hin th gi tr h s an ton ln nht v nh nht cho

phng php tnh hin ti. Cc gi tr mc nh ca chu tuyn c hin th trong

nhm Contour Range.

- thay i ng chu tuyn, nhp gi tr mi trong Increment by v

Number of Contours trong nhm Contour Range.

- Nhn Apply thc hin lnh v theo cc gi tr mi.



- Nhn OK kt thc.

III.4.5 Biu din kt qu trn th :

xem kt qu phn tch trn th :

- T thc n Draw, chn Graph, hp thoi Draw Graph xut hin nh hnh

v :

Mn hnh Graph ng thi c hin th, bao gm mt th cho cc iu

kin c chn nh hnh v :



- Mun v th theo iu kin no, nhp mi tn bn phi danh sch

chn.

- in th, chn File > Print trong ca s Graph.

- sao chp th vo Clipboard dn vo ng dng khc, chn Edit >

Copy

- xc nh cc tu chn khi v th, chn Set > Option, hp thoi

Graph Options xut hin nh hnh v :



- ng ca s Graph, nhp p chut vo control-menu bn gc tri hoc

chn Done t Draw Graph.

III.5 In bn v :

- Trc khi in, phi m bo ton b bn v phi nm trong ca s. hin

th ton b bn v, nhn chut ln nt Zoom Objects trn thanh cng c Zoom

(Nu thanh cng c Zoom khng xut hin, chn View > Toolbars > Zoom).

- Nhn chn Print, hp thoi Print xut hin nh hnh v :

- Chn OK in bn v ra my in vi cc kch thc mc nh.

IV. Phn tch xc sut :

Qu trnh phn tch n nh xc nh h s an ton trnh by trn

da trn mt tp hp cc iu kin v tham s vt liu c nh. Thc t, iu ny

khng hon ton chnh xc (cc iu kin v tham s vt liu l khng hon ton

c nh), chc nng phn tch xc sut ca SLOPE/W cho php ta quan tm n

nhiu loi tham s u vo khc nhau, bao gm c d liu v lp t.

Mc tiu ca vic phn tch xc sut nhm xc nh xc sut ph hoi mi

dc hay xc sut n nh ca mi dc. y l iu m phng php phn tch

trnh by trn khng th gii quyt c.



SLOPE/W thc hin phn tch xc sut bng phng php Monte Carlo.

IV.1 Chn phng php phn tch :

ch ra phng php phn tch, trong DEFINE :

- T thc n KeyIn, chn Analysis Control, hp thoi KeyIn Analysis

Control xut hin nh hnh v :

- Chn phng php phn tch xc sut Apply Probabilistic Analysis

- Nhp s php th trong Monte Carlo Trials

- Nhp tr s lch Std. Deviation trong nhm Pore-Water Pressure l 1.

Cc gi tr cn li vn gi nguyn khng thay i.

- Chn OK.

IV.2 Nhp lch chun cho cc thng s ca cc lp t :

- T thc n KeyIn, chn Soil Properties, hp thoi KeyIn Soil Properties

xut hin nh hnh v :



- Tin hnh chn ln lt tng lp t v nhp cc gi tr v lch chun

cho cc thng s Unit Weight, Phi, Cohesion.

- Sau khi nhp xong cho mi lp t, nhn chn Copy cp nht thay

i.

- Chn OK.

- Lu tp d liu va cp nht. Chn SaveAs lu thnh tn mi.



IV.3. Thc hin phn tch xc sut :

- Khi ng SOLVE bng cch nhn nt Solve trn thanh cng c (xem mc

1.3.3).

- Nhn nt START trn ca s SOLVE.

Kt thc phn tch, h s an ton trung bnh ti mt trt nguy him nht

hin th cho cc phng php khc nhau, nh hnh v :

Ch : H s an ton trung bnh s khc nhau mi khi tin hnh chy li

SOLVE. Gi tr thay i ph thuc vo cc tham s u vo, s ln th Monte

Carlo. Nu h s an ton khc nhau nhiu mi khi phn tch, c th tng s php

th ln.

IV.4 Xem kt qu phn tch xc sut :

- Khi ng CONTOUR bng cch nhn nt Contour trn thanh cng c

(xem mc 1.3.4).

- Ca s CONTOUR xut hin s t ng m tp cn tnh ton. Kt qu tnh

ton c th hin nh hnh v :

Ch : H s an ton trn li tm im lun l h s an ton nh nht s

dng gi tr trung bnh ca s liu u vo. N khng phi l h s an ton trung

bnh ca cc php th Monte Carlo.



IV.5 V th kt qu phn tch xc sut :

- T thc n Draw, chn Probability, hp thoi Draw Probability xut hin

:

Mc nh, th hm mt xc sut (Probability Density Function) v biu

h s an ton cng c hin th vi s lp mc nh l 20 :

- Trong # of classe thay i s lp thnh 40 v nhn Refresh, th c

cp nht nh hnh v :



Trc Frequency (%) dng ch h s an ton theo php th Monte Carlo.

- xem hm phn b xc sut, nhn nt Distribution Function trong hp

thoi Draw Probability, hm phn b xc sut xut hin nh hnh v :



y l hm ch ra phn b xc sut ca cc h s an ton nh hn mt h s

an ton nht nh. ng chm ch ra xc sut m h s an ton nh hn 1 (hay

xc sut ph hoi).

Hm phn b xc sut vi h s an ton ln hn mt gi tr nht nh c th

xem bng cch nhn chn nt tng ng trong nhm Distriction Function trong

hp thoi Draw Probability.

- xem cc gi tr khc ca xc sut nh gi tr trung bnh ca h s an

ton, ch s tin cy, xc sut ph hoi. Chn nt Data Copy.

- in th, chn File > Print t ca s Graph.

- ng ca s d liu xc sut v ca s v th, chn Done.



Sau khi chy chng trnh, kt qu s c h s n nh theo cc phng

php phn tch trang Solve v hnh dng mt trt vi cc thng s nh bn knh

cung trt trn, to tm trt,... C th xem thm chi tit hoc kt xut s liu

dng bng cc file *.slp, *.fac, *.sl2, *.frc, c sinh ra khi chy chng trnh : ----------------------------------------

| SUMMARY OF MINIMUM FACTORS OF SAFETY |

----------------------------------------

MOMENT EQUILIBRIUM: FELLENIUS OR ORDINARY METHOD

36.7857=X-COOR. 29.5000=Y-COOR. 25.0000=RADIUS 1.286=F.S. 301=SLIP#

MOMENT EQUILIBRIUM: BISHOP SIMPLIFIED METHOD


FORCE EQUILIBRIUM: JANBU SIMPLIFIED METHOD (NO fo FACTOR)


NORMAL TERMINATION OF SLOPE

Cc thng s v mt trt

Center_X Center_Y Radius Slip_Surface Method

==============================================================================

3.678571e+001 2.950000e+001 2.500000e+001 301 1

SL# X_Left Y_L_Top Y_L_Bottom X_Right Y_R_Top Y_R_Bottom Mid_Height

=====================================================================================

=======================

1 1.366105e+001 2.000000e+001 2.000000e+001 1.449579e+001 2.000000e+001 1.817926e+001 9.584332e-

001

2 1.449579e+001 2.000000e+001 1.817926e+001 1.533053e+001 2.000000e+001 1.666743e+001

2.607491e+000



3 1.533053e+001 2.000000e+001 1.666743e+001 1.616526e+001 2.000000e+001 1.536504e+001

4.005933e+000

4 1.616526e+001 2.000000e+001 1.536504e+001 1.700000e+001 2.000000e+001 1.421846e+001

5.225336e+000

5 1.700000e+001 2.000000e+001 1.421846e+001 1.796607e+001 2.000000e+001 1.304336e+001

6.387311e+000

6 1.796607e+001 2.000000e+001 1.304336e+001 1.893214e+001 2.000000e+001 1.200000e+001

7.493202e+000

SL# L_Load_X L_Load_Y A_Load_X A_Load_Y P_Load_X P_Load_Y A_Modifier

=====================================================================================

=========

1 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 -1.6102e-007 -1.2062e+001 1.0000e+000

2 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 -1.6102e-007 -1.2062e+001 1.0000e+000

3 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 -1.6102e-007 -1.2062e+001 1.0000e+000

4 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 -1.6102e-007 -1.2062e+001 1.0000e+000

5 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 1.0000e+000

6 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 1.0000e+000

7 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 1.0000e+000

SL# Weight Pore_Water Alpha Force Fn. Seismic_F Seismic_Y Pore_Air Phi_B

=====================================================================================

======================

1 1.3601e+001 0.0000e+000 6.5370e+001 1.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000

2 3.7002e+001 0.0000e+000 6.1095e+001 1.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000

3 5.6846e+001 0.0000e+000 5.7343e+001 1.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000

4 7.4150e+001 0.0000e+000 5.3945e+001 1.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000

5 1.0490e+002 0.0000e+000 5.0576e+001 1.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000

6 1.2306e+002 0.0000e+000 4.7203e+001 1.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000

7 1.5595e+002 9.2320e+000 4.3875e+001 1.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000

Cc thng s theo phng php phn tch :

Bishop_Method_Fm= 1.331 Applied_Lambda= 0.0000

SL# Normal_M ShearMob Phi_Angle Cohesion SideLeft ShearLeft SideRight ShearRight

=====================================================================================

======================

1 7.7464e+000 -2.4703e+001 2.0000e+001 1.5000e+001 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 6.1706e+000 0.0000e+000

2 4.4334e+001 -3.1597e+001 2.0000e+001 1.5000e+001 -6.1706e+000 0.0000e+000 -1.3867e+001 0.0000e+000

3 7.0470e+001 -3.6716e+001 2.0000e+001 1.5000e+001 1.3867e+001 0.0000e+000 -4.9502e+001 0.0000e+000

4 9.0549e+001 -4.0757e+001 2.0000e+001 1.5000e+001 4.9502e+001 0.0000e+000 -9.4559e+001 0.0000e+000

5 1.0833e+002 -4.6782e+001 2.0000e+001 1.5000e+001 9.4559e+001 0.0000e+000 -1.4390e+002 0.0000e+000

6 1.2650e+002 -5.0632e+001 2.0000e+001 1.5000e+001 1.4390e+002 0.0000e+000 -1.9743e+002 0.0000e+000

7 1.2985e+002 -9.0045e+001 3.2000e+001 3.0000e+001 1.9743e+002 0.0000e+000 -2.1501e+002 0.0000e+000

Janbu_Method_Ff= 1.222 Applied_Lambda= 0.0000

SL# Normal_F ShearMob Phi_Angle Cohesion SideLeft ShearLeft SideRight ShearRight

=====================================================================================

======================

1 4.6597e+000 -2.5987e+001 2.0000e+001 1.5000e+001 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 6.1706e+000 0.0000e+000

2 4.0820e+001 -3.3369e+001 2.0000e+001 1.5000e+001 -6.1706e+000 0.0000e+000 -1.3867e+001 0.0000e+000



3 6.6773e+001 -3.8889e+001 2.0000e+001 1.5000e+001 1.3867e+001 0.0000e+000 -4.9502e+001 0.0000e+000

4 8.6793e+001 -4.3273e+001 2.0000e+001 1.5000e+001 4.9502e+001 0.0000e+000 -9.4559e+001 0.0000e+000

5 1.0438e+002 -4.9778e+001 2.0000e+001 1.5000e+001 9.4559e+001 0.0000e+000 -1.4390e+002 0.0000e+000

6 1.2259e+002 -5.3983e+001 2.0000e+001 1.5000e+001 1.4390e+002 0.0000e+000 -1.9743e+002 0.0000e+000

7 1.2437e+002 -9.5270e+001 3.2000e+001 3.0000e+001 1.9743e+002 0.0000e+000 -2.1501e+002 0.0000e+000

B. mI DC CHN CT :

Trng hp mi dc c nh gi mt n nh

(v d vi phng php Bishop l K Anchor

loads, xut hin hp nhp nh hnh bn.

Trng hp dng neo ng sut trc ( hin nay B GTVT ang trin khai

dng th nghim neo OVM ) th ti nhp Max. Magnitude nhp vo ti ng sut

trc, Lu rng gi tr ca ti ng sut trc khng ln hn sc chng nh gia

t v ct ( xem BS. 8001-95 - n nh ni b)

nhp Apply Magnitude nn chn l Variable, tc l nu c phn bu neo

nm trong vng b ng ca mi dc th khng xt n nh hng phn ny.

Total Length : nhp tng chiu di neo

Bonded Length : nhp chiu di bu neo

Direction : nhp gc neo so vi phng nm ngang



C th nhp chn im u v im cui neo trn mn hnh ho xc

nh v tr, chiu di neo

Mun di chuyn, xo b v tr t neo, chn nt hoc Modify > Object

Sau khi hon tt vic thit k neo, tin hnh chy chng trnh theo cc bc

nh phn A xc nh li h s n nh mi, nh gi mc n nh ca mi

dc sau khi chn neo.

C. v d tnh ton :

X l trt mi taluy trn ng H Ch Minh on Km551+630 - Km551+810

* S liu a cht : + Lp 1 : t st pha ln dm sn



C=15 kPa, = 20o, = 17 kN/m3 , ka = 5.104 kN/m3, k t= 7.104 kN/m3 + Lp 2 : ct kt phong ho nng C=30 kPa, = 32o, = 19 kN/m3 , ka = 2.105 kN/m3, k t= 4.105 kN/m3 + Chiu cao mi dc H = 15 m, dc 1: 0,25, c 5m git cp 2m

Tin hnh phc ho bi ton th hin nh hnh di :

H s n nh mi dc tnh theo phng php Bishop l



Sau khi gia cng neo, chy chng trnh tnh c h s n nh mi l



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huong dans d geo slope

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