management_of_pathogen
DESCRIPTION
management of pathogenTRANSCRIPT
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 1
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM1
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß2
∫√√≥“∏‘°“√æ‘¡æå
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬ߮”π«π‡≈à¡ : 4,500‡≈à¡
®”π«πÀπâ“ : 88 Àπâ“
®—¥æ‘¡æå‚¥¬ : °√¡«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å°“√·æ∑¬å °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢∂π𵑫“ππ∑å Õ”‡¿Õ‡¡◊Õß ®—ßÀ«—¥ππ∑∫ÿ√’ 11000
‚∑√»—æ∑å 0-2951-0000 µàÕ 99090
‚∑√ “√ 0-25805733
æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë 1 : °—𬓬π 2550
æ‘¡æå∑’Ë : «—≤π“°“√æ‘¡æå
‡≈à¡∑’Ë 1 : ®”π«π 4,500 ‡≈à¡
ªï∑’Ëæ‘¡æå : æ.». 2551
ISBN : 978-974-04-5674-2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM2
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 3
Àπâ“
§”ª√“√¿ ................................................................................................... 4
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß ....................................................... 7
§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß°≈ÿࡇ ’ˬߢÕ߇™◊ÈÕµàÕ√–¥—∫
§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬∑“ßÀâÕߪؑ∫—µ‘°“√ ......................................................... 11
°“√®”·π°§«“¡‡ ’ˬߢÕ߇™◊ÈÕ‚√§ ........................................................... 12
‡™◊ÈÕ°àÕ‚√§„π§π·≈– —µ«å
- ‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬°àÕ‚√§„π§π·≈– —µ«å .............................................. 17
- ‡™◊ÈÕ‰«√— °àÕ‚√§„π§π·≈– —µ«å ...................................................... 61
- ‡™◊ÈÕ√“°àÕ‚√§„π§π·≈– —µ«å .......................................................... 74
- ‡™◊ÈÕæ“√“ ‘µ°àÕ‚√§„π§π·≈– —µ«å ................................................ 79
‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß .......................................................................................... 82
¿“§ºπ«° ................................................................................................ 83
°‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“» ................................................................................... 85
√“¬™◊ËÕ§≥–∑”ß“π®—¥∑”∫—≠™’√“¬™◊ËÕ‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§ ........................................ 86
“√∫—≠
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM3
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß4
§”ª√“√¿
°√¡«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å°“√·æ∑¬å ‡ªìπÀπ૬ߓπÀ≈—°¢Õߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√
§«∫§ÿ¡°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈„À⇪ìπ‰ªµ“¡ æ.√.∫. ‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§·≈–æ‘…®“° —µ«å ‚¥¬¡’
‡®µπ“√¡¬å∑’Ë®–„Àâ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π‡°’Ë¬«°—∫‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§¡’§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬µàÕ™’«‘µ
·≈– ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—µ‘π’ȉ¥â„Àâ§”π‘¬“¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‚√§«à“À¡“¬∂÷ß
®ÿ≈‘π∑√’¬å ‡™◊ÈÕÕ◊Ëπ∑’˪√–°“»„π°Æ°√–∑√«ß À√◊Õº≈‘µº≈¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ ∑’Ë∑”„À⇰‘¥
‚√§„π§π·≈– —µ«å ´÷Ë߇ªìπ𑬓¡∑’Ë°«â“ß °àÕ„À⇰‘¥ªí≠À“„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π
„π∫“ߧ√—Èß ¥—ßπ—Èπ‡æ◊ËÕ§«“¡™—¥‡®π°√¡œ®÷ß¡’§«“¡æ¬“¬“¡∑’Ë®–√–∫ÿ™◊ËÕ
‡™◊ÈÕ∑’Ë°àÕ‚√§«à“‡ªìπ®ÿ≈‘π∑√’¬åµ—«„¥∫â“ß ‚¥¬„πªïæ.». 2538 ‰¥â·µàßµ—Èß
ç§≥–∑”ß“πª√—∫ª√ÿß·≈–®—¥∑”∫—≠™’√“¬™◊ËÕ‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§é ¢÷Èπ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬
§≥–ºŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠¥â“π®ÿ≈™’««‘∑¬“∑’Ë¡’ æ≠.¡≈. √—µπ ÿ¥“ æ—π∏ÿåÕÿ‰√ ‡ªìπ
ª√–∏“π ‰¥â®—¥∑”∫—≠™’√“¬™◊ËÕ‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§·≈–æ‘…®“° —µ«å∑’˵âÕߧ«∫§ÿ¡µ“¡
æ.√.∫. ‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§·≈–æ‘…®“° —µ«å æ.». 2525 ¢÷Èπ ‚¥¬√«∫√«¡√“¬™◊ËÕ·≈–
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬߢÕ߇™◊ÈÕ°àÕ‚√§„π§π·≈– —µ«å ∑—Èß∑’ˇªìπ‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬ √“
‰«√— ·≈–æ“√“ ‘µ ·≈–‰¥â„™â‡ªìπ§Ÿà¡◊ժؑ∫—µ‘°“√‡ªìπ°“√¿“¬„π‚¥¬‰¡à‰¥â
¡’°“√ª√–°“»„™âÕ¬à“߇ªìπ∑“ß°“√
„πªí®®ÿ∫—ππ’È„πª√–‡∑»‡√“¡’Àπ૬ߓπ·≈–∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë∑”°“√»÷°…“
«‘®—¬µ≈Õ¥®πªØ‘∫—µ‘°“√·≈–„Àâ°“√∫√‘°“√∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§Õ¬ŸàÀ≈“¬
Àπ૬ߓπ°√–®“¬Õ¬Ÿà∑—Ë«ª√–‡∑» ª√–°Õ∫°—∫¡’‚√§µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ∑’ˇªìπªí≠À“„À¡à
‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ·≈–√–∫“¥√ÿπ·√߇™àπ‚√§´“√å ‚√§‰¢âÀ«—¥π° ‚√§‡Õ¥ å ¢≥–‡¥’¬«°—π
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM4
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 5
¡’¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈®“°µà“ߪ√–‡∑»¡’°“√π”®ÿ≈‘π∑√’¬å°àÕ‚√§¡“„™â„π‡ªìπÕ“«ÿ∏„π°“√
°àÕ°“√√⓬‡æ◊ËÕ∑”≈“¬≈â“ß»—µ√Ÿ ∑”„Àâ°√¡œ „π∞“π–∑’ˇªìπºŸâ√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫„π
°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√µ“¡ æ.√.∫. ‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§·≈–æ‘…®“° —µ«å µ√–Àπ—°∂÷ߧ«“¡®”‡ªìπ
∑’Ë®–µâÕß¡’°“√‡ΩÑ“√–«—ߧ«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬∑“ß™’«¿“æ∑’ˇ¢â¡ß«¥‚¥¬„™â¡“µ√°“√
µà“ßʇæ◊ËÕ„Àâ¡—Ëπ„®«à“ºŸâ¥”‡π‘π°‘®°√√¡‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§®–¥”‡π‘π°“√‰¥âÕ¬à“ß
∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°«‘™“°“√ ¡’°“√ªÑÕß°—𧫓¡‡ ’ˬߵàÕ ÿ¢¿“æ¢ÕߺŸâªÆ‘∫—µ‘
À√◊ÕºŸâ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕßÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ √«¡∑—Èß¡“µ√°“√ªÑÕß°—π¡‘„À⺟âª√– ߧå
≈—°≈Õ∫𔇙◊ÈÕ‚√§‰ª„™â„π∑“ß∑’˺‘¥
°“√®—¥∑”°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß ¡’«—µ∂ÿª√– ߧå
∑’Ë®– √â“ߧ«“¡‡¢â“„®„Àâµ√ß°—π‡°’Ë¬«°—∫√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬߢÕ߇™◊ÈÕ‚√§ ·≈–
‡æ◊ËÕ‡º¬·æ√à¢âÕ·π–π”„π°“√¥Ÿ·≈®—¥°“√ º≈‘µ §√Õ∫§√Õß ·≈–∑”≈“¬‡™◊ÈÕ
Õ¬à“ß∂Ÿ°µâÕ߇À¡“– ¡µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬∑“ß™’«¿“æ (biosafety level)
À√◊Õ°≈ÿࡧ«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß (risk group) „π°“√®—¥√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß §≥–∑”ß“π‰¥â
æ‘®“√≥“π”√“¬™◊ËÕ‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§·≈–√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß∑’˧≥–°√√¡°“√™ÿ¥‡°à“
‰¥â®—¥∑”‰«â¡“ª√—∫ª√ÿß·≈–‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ‚¥¬æ‘®“√≥“·π«∑“ß·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬
µ≈Õ¥®π°“√®—¥°≈ÿà¡®“°À≈“¬ ∂“∫—π‡™àπ Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° (WHO),
USCDC ·≈– EU ‡ªìπµâπ ´÷Ëß·µà≈– ∂“∫—π‰¥â„Àâ§”π‘¬“¡¢Õß√–¥—∫§«“¡
‡ ’ˬ߉«â„°≈⇧’¬ß°—π ¥—ßπ—Èπ§Ÿà¡◊Õ©∫—∫π◊ȉ¥â„™â𑬓¡µ“¡Õߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°
(WHO) ”À√—∫‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§∑’ˇªìπ‚√§ª√–®”∂‘Ëπ¢Õߪ√–‡∑»‰∑¬ §≥–∑”ß“πœ
‰¥âπ”¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑“ß√–∫“¥«‘∑¬“¡“„™âª√–°Õ∫°“√æ‘®“√≥“¥â«¬ ‡ªìπº≈„Àâ
∫“߇™◊ÈÕ∂Ÿ°®—¥√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬ߷µ°µà“ß®“°µà“ߪ√–‡∑» Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡
¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§∑’Ë√–∫ÿ„πÀπ—ß ◊Õ‡≈à¡π’È Õ“®¡’°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈߉¥â„πÕ𓧵
‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√°≈“¬æ—π∏ÿå °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߢÕßÕπÿ°√¡«‘∏“π À√◊Õ§«“¡√ÿπ·√ß
¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ∑’ˇª≈’ˬπ·ª≈߉ª®“°‡¥‘¡
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM5
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß6
°√¡œ ¢Õ¢Õ∫§ÿ≥ºŸâ∑’Ë¡’ à«π‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√®—¥∑”§Ÿà¡◊Õπ’È∑ÿ°∑à“π
‰«â ≥.∑’Ëπ’È ·≈–À«—߇ªìπÕ¬à“߬‘Ëß«à“°“√®—¥∑”°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫
§«“¡‡ ’ˬߩ∫—∫π’È®–‡ªìπª√–‚¬™π巰ຟâ∑’˪ؑ∫—µ‘ß“π °àÕ„À⇰‘¥§«“¡‡¢â“„®
·≈– “¡“√∂π”¡“„™â®—¥°“√µàÕ‡™◊ÈÕ‰¥âÕ¬à“ß∂Ÿ°µâÕß·≈–ª≈Õ¥¿—¬µàÕ™’«‘µ
·≈– ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ·≈–¬‘π¥’√—∫§”·π–π”®“°ºŸâ„™â§Ÿà¡◊Õπ’ȇæ◊ËÕ°“√·°â‰¢„Àâ
¡∫Ÿ√≥嬑Ëߢ÷Èπ„πÕ𓧵
(𓬷æ∑¬å‰æ®‘µ√å «√“™‘µ)
Õ∏‘∫¥’°√¡«‘∑¬“»“ µ√°“√·æ∑¬å
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM6
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 7
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM7
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß8
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª‰¥â·∫àß°≈ÿà¡¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‚√§·≈–·∫àß√–¥—∫¢Õß°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ
‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬ߄π°“√°àÕ‚√§¥—ßπ’È
°≈ÿࡇ ’ˬߢÕ߇™◊ÈÕ °≈ÿà¡∑’Ë 1 (risk group 1) À¡“¬∂÷ß ‡™◊ÈÕ∑’Ë
‰¡à¡’§«“¡‡ ’ˬßÀ√◊Õ‡ ’ˬßπâÕ¬µàÕ∫ÿ§§≈·≈–™ÿ¡™π ‰¥â·°à ‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§∑’ˉ¡à°àÕ
„À⇰‘¥‚√§„π§π·≈– —µ«å ‡™à𠇙◊ÈÕ Lactobacillus acidophilus ‡ªìπµâπ
„Àâ°“√¥Ÿ·≈‚¥¬„™â√–¥—∫§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬æ◊Èπ∞“π√–¥—∫∑’Ë 1 (Basic Biosafety
level 1) ‰¡àµâÕßÕ“»—¬‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ摇»… ¥—ß√Ÿª∑’Ë 1
°≈ÿࡇ ’ˬߢÕ߇™◊ÈÕ °≈ÿà¡∑’Ë 2 (risk group 2) ‡™◊ÈÕ°≈ÿà¡π’È¡’§«“¡
‡ ’ˬߪ“π°≈“ß ”À√—∫∫ÿ§§≈ ·µà¡’§«“¡‡ ’ˬßπâÕ¬ ”À√—∫™ÿ¡™π ‡ªìπ‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§
∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥‚√§„π§πÀ√◊Õ —µ«å ·µà‰¡à‡ªìπÕ—πµ√“¬√⓬·√ßµàÕºŸâ∑”ß“π„πÀâÕß
ªØ‘∫—µ‘°“√ ™ÿ¡™π ª»ÿ —µ«åÀ√◊Õ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ‚√§∑’ˇ°‘¥¡’«‘∏’ªÑÕß°—π·≈–¡’∏’°“√
√—°…“∑’ˉ¥âº≈ ·≈–§«“¡‡ ’ˬߵàÕ°“√·æ√à‡™◊ÈÕ¡’®”°—¥ ‡™à𠇙◊ÈÕ Bacillus
cereus ‡ªìπµâπ °“√¥Ÿ·≈µâÕß„™â√–¥—∫§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬ Ÿß°«à“°≈ÿà¡·√°§◊Õ
Basic biosafety level 2 ´÷ËßµâÕß¡’ biological safety cabinet ¥—ß√Ÿª∑’Ë 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM8
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 9
°≈ÿࡇ ’ˬߢÕ߇™◊ÈÕ °≈ÿà¡∑’Ë 3 (risk group 3) ‡™◊ÈÕ°≈ÿà¡π’È¡’§«“¡
‡ ’Ë¬ß ŸßµàÕ∫ÿ§§≈ ·µà¡’§«“¡‡ ’ˬßπâÕ¬µàÕ™ÿ¡™π ‡ªìπ‡™◊ÈÕ∑’ˇ™◊ÈÕ°àÕ‚√§√⓬
·√ß„π§πÀ√◊Õ —µ«å∑’˪°µ‘®–‰¡à·æ√ஓ°§πÀ√◊Õ —µ«å∑’˵‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ‰ª¬—ߧπÀ√◊Õ —µ«å
Õ◊Ëπ ‚√§∑’ˇ°‘¥¡’«‘∏’ªÑÕß°—π·≈–«‘∏’√—°…“∑’ˉ¥âº≈ ‡™◊ÈÕ„π°≈ÿà¡π’ȇ™à𠇙◊ÈÕ Myco-
bacterium bovis ‡ªìπµâπ °“√¥Ÿ·≈„™â biosafety level 3 ´÷Ëß¡’À≈—°°“√‡À¡◊Õπ
biosafety level 2 ·µàµâÕ߇æ‘Ë¡¡“µ√°“√ªÑÕß°—π°“√ —¡º— ·≈–§«∫§ÿ¡°“√
‡¢â“‰ª„π∫√‘‡«≥∑’Ë¡’‡™◊ÈÕ ¥—ß√Ÿª∑’Ë 3
°≈ÿࡇ ’ˬߢÕ߇™◊ÈÕ °≈ÿà¡∑’Ë 4 (risk group 4) ‡ªìπ‡™◊ÈÕ∑’Ë¡’§«“¡
‡ ’Ë¬ß Ÿß ”À√—∫∫ÿ§§≈·≈–™ÿ¡™π ‰¥â·°à ‡™◊ÈÕ∑’Ë°àÕ‚√§√⓬·√ß„π§π·≈– —µ«å
∑’Ë “¡“√∂·æ√à‰ª¬—ß∫ÿ§§≈Õ◊ËπÀ√◊Õ —µ«åÕ◊Ëπ‚¥¬∑“ßµ√ßÀ√◊Õ∑“ßÕâÕ¡ ‚√§∑’Ë
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM9
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß10
‡°‘¥¬—߉¡à¡’«‘∏’ªÑÕß°—π·≈–‰¡à¡’«‘∏’√—°…“∑’ˉ¥âº≈ ‡™à𠇙◊ÈÕ Ebora ‡ªìπµâπ°“√
¥Ÿ·≈ µâÕßÕ“»—¬ biosafety level 4 ÷ËßπÕ°®“°®“°®–„™âÀ≈—°°“√¢Õß biosafety
level 3 ·≈⫬—ßµâÕ߇æ‘Ë¡√–∫∫°√ÕßÕ“°“»·≈–‡ªìπÀâÕß√–∫∫§«“¡¥—π≈∫
µâÕß„™â biological safety cabinet class III ¥—ß√Ÿª∑’Ë 4
À¡“¬‡Àµÿ “¡“√∂¥Ÿ§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß°≈ÿࡇ ’ˬߢÕ߇™◊ÈÕµàÕ
√–¥—∫§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬∑“ßÀâÕߪؑ∫—µ‘°“√ µ“¡ µ“√“ß∑’Ë 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM10
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 11
°≈ÿࡇ
’ˬß
¢Õ߇
™◊ÈÕ(R
isk
grou
p)
√–¥—∫
§«“¡
ª≈Õ
¥¿—¬
(Bio
safe
ty L
evel
)À
âÕߪ
Ø‘∫
—µ‘°“√
‡∑§π
‘§°“√
ªØ
‘∫—µ‘
‡§√◊ËÕ
ß¡◊Õ
¥â“π
§«“¡
ª≈Õ
¥¿—¬
1 2 3 4
æ◊Èπ∞“
π√–¥
—∫1(B
asic
Bios
afet
y Le
vel 1
)
æ◊Èπ∞“
π√–¥
—∫2(B
asic
Bios
afet
y Le
vel 2
)
§«∫§
ÿ¡§«“
¡ª≈Õ
¥¿—¬√
–¥—∫
3(C
onta
inmen
t Bios
afet
y Le
vel 3
)
§«∫§
ÿ¡§«“
¡ ª≈
Õ¥¿—¬
Ÿß ÿ¥
√–¥—∫
4 (M
axim
um c
onta
inmen
tBi
osaf
ety
Leve
l 4)
ÀâÕߪ
Ø‘∫—µ‘°
“√ ”
À√—∫
°“√‡
√’¬π
°“√
Õπ√–
¥—∫æ◊Èπ
∞“π
ÀâÕߪ
Ø‘∫—µ‘°
“√ “
∏“√≥
ÿ¢¡Ÿ≈
∞“π
ÀâÕߪ
Ø‘∫—µ‘°
“√¢Õ
ß‚√ß
欓
∫“≈
√–¥—∫
µâπ,
·≈–À
âÕߪØ
Ժѵԡ
“√ ”
À√—∫™
—π Ÿµ√
‚√§·
≈– Õ
π
ÀâÕߪ
Ø‘∫—µ‘°
“√™—π
ٵþ
‘‡»…
ÀâÕߪ
Ø‘∫—µ‘°
“√‡™
◊ÈÕÕ—πµ
√“¬
‡∑§π
‘§∑’Ë¥’∑
“ß
ҢҨ
ÿ≈™’««
‘∑¬“
‡∑§π
‘§∑’Ë¥’∑
“ß “
¢“®ÿ≈
™’««‘∑
¬“·≈
–¡’‡
◊ÈÕ§≈
ÿ¡ ”
À√—∫
ªÑÕß
°—π¡’‡
§√◊ËÕß
À¡“¬
· ¥ß
∫√‘‡
«≥∑’Ë¡
’‡™
◊ÈÕÕ—πµ
√“¬
‡À¡◊Õ
π√–¥
—∫ 2
·≈–
‡æ‘Ë¡
°“√
«¡
‡ ◊ÈÕ
ºâ“‡ª
ìπæ‘
‡»…
¡’
°“√
§«∫§
ÿ¡°“√
‡¢â“„
π∫√‘‡
«≥∑’Ë¡
’‡™◊ÈÕ
·≈–∑
‘»∑“ß
¢Õß≈
¡
‡À¡◊Õ
π√–¥
—∫ 3
·≈–‡
æ‘Ë¡√–
∫∫ ai
rloc
k ¡’Ω
í°∫—«
”À√—∫
Õ“∫π
È” ¡
’√–
∫∫°“
√°”®
—¥¢Õß
‡ ’¬∑
’˵‘¥‡™
◊ÈÕ‡ª
ìπ摇»
…
‰¡àµâÕ
ß°“√
‡§√◊ËÕ
ß¡◊Õæ
‘‡»…
„™â‚µ
ä–∑”
ß“π„
πÀâÕß
ªØ‘∫—µ
‘°“√ ∑
—Ë«‰ª
¡’‚µä–
∑”ß“
π·≈–
biolo
gical
safe
tyca
binet
clas
s II
‡æ◊ËÕª
ÑÕß°—π
°“√
µ‘¥‡™
◊ÈÕ®“°
‡™◊ÈÕ∑
’ËÕ“®°
√–®“
¬‰ª
æ√âÕ¡
≈–ÕÕ
ߢÕß
‡À≈«
¡’ bio
logica
l saf
ety
cabin
et c
lass
II ·≈
–√–∫
∫°“√
§«∫§
ÿ¡√–
¥—∫æ◊È
π∞“π
”À√
—∫∑ÿ°
°‘®°√
√¡
∑’˪Ø
‘∫—µ‘
¡’ Cl
ass
III b
iolo
gica
l sa
fety
cabin
et À
√◊Õ
√â“ßÀ
âÕ߇ª
ìπ√–∫
∫§«
“¡¥—π
≈∫ ¡
’ aut
oclav
e ™π
‘¥¡’∑
“߇ª
î¥ 2
∑“ß
·≈–¡
’‡§√◊ËÕ
ß°√
ÕßÕ“
°“»
µ“√“
ß∑’Ë 1
§«“
¡ —¡æ
—π∏å√
–À«à“
ß°≈ÿà¡
‡ ’ˬß
¢Õ߇
™◊ÈÕµàÕ
√–¥—∫
§«“¡
ª≈Õ
¥¿—¬∑
“ßÀ
âÕߪ
Ø‘∫
—µ‘°“√
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM11
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß12
°“√®—¥®”·π°§«“¡‡ ’ˬߢÕ߇™◊ÈÕ‚√§
(Risk Classification Criteria)
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM12
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 13
°“√®—¥®”·π°§«“¡‡ ’ˬߢÕ߇™◊ÈÕ‚√§
(Risk Classification Criteria)
„πÀ≈“¬ª√–‡∑»√«¡∂÷ß À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“ ‰¥â®”·π°‡™◊ÈÕ°àÕ‚√§‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡
§«“¡‡ ’ˬ߂¥¬¢÷Èπ°—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬߵàÕ°“√‡°‘¥‚√§¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ °“√µ‘¥µàÕ °“√
ªÑÕß°—π·≈–√—°…“ √«¡∂÷ßªí®®—¬Õ◊ËπÊ ‡™àπ æ“À–¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ°àÕ‚√§π—ÈπÊ ¥—ßπ—Èπ
°“√®—¥®”·π°§«“¡‡ ’ˬߢÕ߇™◊ÈÕ°àÕ‚√§„πÀ≈—°°“√®–¡’≈—°…≥–∑’˧≈⓬§≈÷ß
°—π ∑—Èßπ’È¢÷Èπ°—∫«—µ∂ÿª√– ߧå¢Õß·µà≈–ª√–‡∑» ”À√—∫ª√–‡∑»‰∑¬‰¥â®—¥
®”·π°§«“¡‡ ’ˬߢÕß™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡À≈—°¢ÕßÕߧ尓√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈° „πªï§.».
2004 (1) ´÷Ëß®—¥·∫àߧ«“¡‡ ’ˬ߇ªìπ 4 °≈ÿà¡ ¥—ßπ’È
1. WHO risk group 1 (no or low individual and community risk). A
microorganism that is unlikely to cause human disease or animal disease.
2. WHO risk group 2 (moderate individual risk, low community
risk). A pathogen that can cause human or animal disease but is unlikely
to be a serious hazard to laboratory workers, the community, livestock
or the environment. Laboratory exposures may cause serious infection,
but effective treatment and preventive measures are available and the
risk of spread of infection is limited.
3. WHO risk group 3 (high individual risk, low community risk).
A pathogen usually causes serious human or animal disease but does
not ordinarily spread from one infected individual to another. Effective
treatment and preventive measure are available.
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM13
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß14
4. WHO risk group 4 (high individual and community risk).
A pathogen that usually causes serious human or animal disease and
that can be readily transmitted from one individual to another, directly
or indirectly. Effective treatment and preventive measures are not
usually available.
ª√–‡∑»ÕÕ ‡µ√‡≈’¬„πªï§.». 2002 (2) ‰¥â°”Àπ¥·π«∑“ß ”À√—∫
§«∫§ÿ¡°“√ à߇™◊ÈÕÕÕ°πÕ°ª√–‡∑» (3) ”À√—∫ª√–‡∑»ÕÕ ‡µ√‡≈’¬°—∫
ª√–‡∑»π‘«´’·≈π¥å ‰¥â·∫àß°≈ÿࡇ™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡·π«∑“ß The Australia Group
Common Control Lists of Biological Agents for Export Control ´÷Ëß·∫àß
‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§ÕÕ°‡ªìπ 4 °≈ÿà¡ ¥—ßπ’È
1. Group 1 (low individual and community risk). A microorganism
that is unlike to cause human, plant or animal disease.
2. Group 2 (moderate individual risk, limited community risk).
A pathogen that can cause human, animal or plant disease but is unlikely
to be a serious hazard to laboratory workers, the community, livestock
or the environment. Laboratory exposures may cause infection, but
effective treatment and preventive measures are available and the risk
of spread is limited.
3. Group 3 (high individual risk, limited community risk). A
pathogen that usual causes serious human or animal disease and
may present a serious hazard laboratory workers. It could present a risk
if spread in the community or the environment, but there are usually
effective preventive measures or treatment available.
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM14
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 15
4. Group 4 (high individual and community risk). A pathogen
that usually produces life-threatening human or animal disease represents
a serious hazard to laboratory workers and is readily transmissible from
one individual to another. Effective treatment and preventive measures
are not usually available.
´÷Ëß®–‡ÀÁπ‰¥â«à“ °“√®—¥°≈ÿࡇ™◊ÈÕ°àÕ‚√§µ“¡ª√–‡∑»ÕÕ ‡µ√‡≈’¬
§≈⓬§≈÷ß°—∫„πÀ≈“¬ª√–‡∑» ‡™à𠷧𓥓 (4) À¿“æ¬ÿ‚√ª (5) √«¡∑—Èß
Àπ૬ߓπ¢Õß WHO ”À√—∫Àπ૬ߓπ„πª√–‡∑»Õ‡¡√‘°“ ‡™àπ CDC À√◊Õ
NIH (6) ‰¥â®—¥·∫à߇™◊ÈÕ°àÕ‚√§‡ªìπ 4 √–¥—∫ µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬∑“ß
™’«¿“æ (Biosafety Level) ´÷Ë߇πâπºŸâªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡™◊ÈÕ°àÕ‚√§„π
·µà≈–√–¥—∫¥—ßπ’È
1. Biosafety Level 1 is suitable for work involving well-charac-
terized agents not known to cause disease in healthy adult humans, and
of animal potential hazard to laboratory personnel and the environment.
2. Biosafety Level 2 is similar to level 1 and is suitable for work
involving agents of moderate potential hazard to personnel and the
environment.
3. Biosafety Level 3 is applicable to clinical, diagnostic, teaching,
research, or production facilities in which work is done with indigenous
or exotic agents which may cause serious or potentially lethal disease
as a result of exposure by the inhalation route.
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM15
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß16
4. Biosafety Level 4 is required for work with dangerous and
exotic agents which pose a high individual risk of aerosol-transmitted
laboratory infections and life-threatening disease.
Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡‰¡à«à“®–®—¥®”·π°µ“¡§«“¡‡ ’ˬߢÕ߇™◊ÈÕ°àÕ‚√§
(risk group) À√◊Õ¥Ÿ∑’Ë√–¥—∫§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬∑“ß™’«¿“æ (biosafety level)
∑’ËÕ“® àߺ≈µàÕºŸâªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π µà“ß°Á‡ªìπ‰ª‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ¡—Ëπ„®«à“ºŸâ¥”‡π‘π°‘®°√√¡
‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§®–¥”‡π‘π°“√‰¥âÕ¬à“ß∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°«‘™“°“√ ¡’°“√ªÑÕß°—π
§«“¡‡ ’ˬߵàÕ ÿ¢¿“æ¢ÕߺŸâªØ‘∫—µ‘À√◊ÕºŸâ‡°’ˬ«¢âÕßÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ √«¡∑—Èß
¡“µ√°“√ªÑÕß°—π¡‘„À⺟âª√– ߧå≈—°≈Õ∫𔇙◊ÈÕ‚√§‰ª„™â„π∑“ß∑’˺‘¥ ´÷Ëß®–
‡ªìπª√–‚¬™πåµàÕ§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬¢ÕߺŸâ§√Õ∫§√Õ߇™◊ÈÕ·≈–ºŸâ¥Ÿ·≈·≈–ªØ‘∫—µ‘
ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡™◊ÈÕ°àÕ‚√§
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM16
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 17
‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬°àÕ‚√§„π§π·≈– —µ«å
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM17
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß18
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å
1 Abiotrophia adiacens 22 Abiotrophia defectiva 23 Abiotrophia elegans 24 Acanobacterium bernardiae 25 Acetivibrio ethanolgignens 26 Acholeplasma axanthum 27 Acholeplasma hippikon 28 Acholeplasma laidlawii 29 Acholeplasma modicum 210 Acholeplasma morum 211 Acholeplasma oculi 212 Achromobacter denitrificans 213 Achromobacter piechaudii 214 Achromobacter xylosoxidans xylosoxidans 215 Achromobacter xylosoxidans 216 Achromobacter xylosoxidans denitrificans 217 Acidaminococcus fermentans 218 Acinetobacter alcaligenes 219 Acinetobacter anitratus 220 Acinetobacter baumannii 221 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 222 Acinetobacter haemolyticus 223 Acinetobacter johnsonii 224 Acinetobacter junii 225 Acinetobacter lwoffii 226 Acinetobacter schindleri 227 Acinetobacter ursingii 228 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus calcoaceticus 229 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus lwoffii 230 Actinobacillus actinomycetem 2 2
comitans31 Actinobacillus capsulatus 2 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM18
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 19
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å
32 Actinobacillus delphinicola 233 Actinobacillus equuli equuli 2 234 Actinobacillus hominis 235 Actinobacillus lignieresii 2 236 Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae 2 237 Actinobacillus rossii 238 Actinobacillus scotiae 239 Actinobacillus seminis 2 240 Actinobacillus suis 2 241 Actinobacillus ureae 2 242 Actinobacterium bovis 243 Actinobacterium israelii 244 Actinobacterium naeslundii 245 Actinobacterium viscosus 246 Actinobaculum schaalii 247 Actinobaculum suis 2 248 Actinomadura latina 249 Actinomadura madurae 250 Actinomadura pelletieri 251 Actinomyces bernardiae 252 Actinomyces bovis 2 253 Actinomyces bowdenii 254 Actinomyces canis 255 Actinomyces catuli 256 Actinomyces europaeus 257 Actinomyces funkei 258 Actinomyces gerencseriae 259 Actinomyces graevenitzii 260 Actinomyces hordeovulneris 2 261 Actinomyces hyovaginalis 262 Actinomyces israelii 2 263 Actinomyces israelii serotype II
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM19
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß20
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å64 Actinomyces marimammalium 265 Actinomyces meyeri 266 Actinomyces naeslundii 267 Actinomyces neuii anitratus 268 Actinomyces neuii neuii 269 Actinomyces odontolyticus 270 Actinomyces pyogenes 2 271 Actinomyces radicidentis 272 Actinomyces radingae 273 Actinomyces suimastitidis 274 Actinomyces suis 2 275 Actinomyces turicensis 276 Actinomyces viscosus 2 277 Actinomyces ramosum 278 Aegyptianella pullorum 279 Aerobacter aerogenes 2 280 Aerococcus urinae 281 Aerococcus viridans 282 Aeromonas allosaccharophila 283 Aeromonas caviae 284 Aeromonas enteropelogens 285 Aeromonas hydrophila anaerogenes 2 286 Aeromonas hydrophila hydrophila 287 Aeromonas hydrophila proteolytica 288 Aeromonas jandaei 289 Aeromonas punctata caviae 290 Aeromonas punctata punctata 291 Aeromonas salmonicida achromogenes 292 Aeromonas salmonicida masoucida 293 Aeromonas salmonicida salmonicida 2 294 Aeromonas salmonicida smithia 295 Aeromonas schubertii 296 Aeromonas sobria 2 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM20
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 21
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å97 Aeromonas trota 298 Aeromonas veronii 299 Aeromonas shigelloides 2 2100 Afipia broomeae 2101 Afipia clevelandensis 2102 Afipia felis 2103 Alcaligenes denitrificans 2104 Alcaligenes faecalis faecalis 2105 Alcaligenes piechaudii 2106 Alcaligenes xylosoxidans xylosoxidans 2107 Alcaligenes faecalis type I 2108 Alcaligenes odorans 2109 Alcaligenes xylosoxidans denitrificans 2110 Alistipes putredinis 2111 Alloiococcus otitis 2112 Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens 2113 Anaerobiospirillum thomasii 2114 Anaerococcus prevotii 2115 Anaerococcus vaginalis 2116 Anaerorhabdus furcosa 2117 Anaplasma caudatum 2118 Anaplasma centrale 2119 Anaplasma marginale 2120 Anaplasma ovis 2121 Anaplasma phagocytophilum 2 2122 Arachnia propionicus 2123 Arachnia propionica 2124 Arcamobacter denitrificans 2125 Arcanobacterium bernardiae 2126 Arcanobacterium haemolyticum 2127 Arcanobacterium phocae 2128 Arcanobacterium pyogenes 2129 Arcobacter butzleri 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM21
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß22
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å130 Arcobacter cryaerophilus 2131 Arizona spp. 2132 Arthrobacter albus 2133 Arthrobacter cumminsii 2134 Arthrobacter uteolus 2135 Arthrobacter woluwensis 2136 Atopobium fossor 2137 Atopobium minutum 2138 Atopobium parvulum 2139 Atopobium rimae 2140 Aureobacterium resistens 2141 Bacillus anthracis 2/3 2142 Bacillus cereus 2143 Bacillus piliformis 2 2144 Bacillus violaceus 2145 Bacillus weihenstephanensis 2146 Bacillus brevis 2147 Bacterionema matruchotii 2148 Bacterium canale 2149 Bacteroides symbiosus 2150 Bacteroides caccae 2151 Bacteroides capillosus 2152 Bacteroides capillus153 Bacteroides chitinovora 2154 Bacteroides coagulans 2155 Bacteroides corodens 2156 Bacteroides distasonis 2157 Bacteroides eggerthii 2158 Bacteroides forsythus 2159 Bacteroides fragilis 2 2160 Bacteroides fragilis group3452 A 2161 Bacteroides gracilis 2162 Bacteroides helcogenes 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM22
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 23
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å163 Bacteroides melaninogenicus melaninogenicus 2 2164 Bacteroides melaninogenicus asaccharolyticus 2165 Bacteroides melaninogenicus levii 2166 Bacteroides multacidus 2167 Bacteroides ochracea168 Bacteroides ovatus 2 2169 Bacteroides pentosaceus170 Bacteroides pneumosintes 2171 Bacteroides praeacutus 2172 Bacteroides putredinis 2173 Bacteroides pyogenes 2174 Bacteroides ruminicola brevis175 Bacteroides splanchnicus 2176 Bacteroides suis 2177 Bacteroides tectus 2178 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 2179 Bacteroides uniformis 2180 Bacteroides ureolyticus 2181 Bacteroides brevis 2182 Bacteroides asaccharolyticus 2183 Bacteroides bivius 2184 Bacteroides buccacalis 2185 Bacteroides corporis 2186 Bacteroides denticola 2187 Bacteroides disiens 2188 Bacteroides endodontalis 2189 Bacteroides gingivalis 2190 Bacteroides levii 2191 Bacteroides loescheii 2192 Bacteroides macacae 2193 Bacteroides melaninogenicus macacae 2194 Bacteroides melaninogenicus intermedius 2195 Bacteroides nodosus 2 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM23
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß24
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å196 Bacteroides oralis 2197 Bacteroides salivosus 2198 Bacteroides intermedius 2199 Bacteroides melaninogenicus 2200 Bacteroides oris 2201 Bacteroides baccae 2202 Balneatrix alpica 2203 Bartonella bacilliformis 2204 Bartonella birtlesii 2205 Bartonella clarridgeiae 2206 Bartonella doshiae 2207 Bartonella elizabethae 2208 Bartonella grahamii 2209 Bartonella henselae 2210 Bartonella peromysci 2211 Bartonella quintana 2212 Bartonella talpae 2213 Bartonella taylorii 2214 Bartonella tribocorum 2215 Bartonella vinsonii arupensis 2216 Bartonella vinsonii berkhoffii 2217 Bartonella vinsonii vinsonii 2218 Beneckea alginolytica 2219 Beneckea parahaemolytica 2220 Beneckea vulnifica 2221 Bergeyella zoohelcum 2222 Bifidobacterium dentium 2223 Bifidobacterium appendicitis 2224 Bifidobacterium eriksonii 2225 Bilophila wadsworthia 2226 Bordetella avium 2 2227 Bordetella bronchiseptica 2 2228 Bordetella hinzii 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM24
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 25
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å229 Bordetella holmesii 2230 Bordetella parapertussis 2231 Bordetella pertussis 2232 Bordetella trematum 2233 Borrelia afzelii 2234 Borrelia anserina 2 2235 Borrelia baltazardii 2236 Borrelia brasiliensis 2237 Borrelia burgdorferi 2 2238 Borrelia caucasica 2239 Borrelia coriaceae 2240 Borrelia crocidurae 2241 Borrelia dugesii 2242 Borrelia duttonii 2243 Borrelia garinii 2244 Borrelia graingeri 2245 Borrelia harveyi 2246 Borrelia hermsii 2247 Borrelia hispanica 2248 Borrelia latyschewii 2249 Borrelia mazzottii 2250 Borrelia parkeri 2251 Borrelia persica 2252 Borrelia recurrentis 2253 Borrelia theileri 2254 Borrelia tillae 2255 Borrelia turicatae 2256 Borrelia valaisiana 2257 Borrelia venezuelensis 2258 Brachyspira aalborgi 2259 Brachyspira alvinipulli 2260 Brachyspira hyodysenteriae 2 2261 Brachyspira pilosicoli 2 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM25
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß26
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å262 Brevibacterium avium 2263 Brevibacterium mcbrellneri 2264 Brevibacterium paucivorans 2265 Brevinema andersonii 2266 Brevundimonas diminuta 2267 Brucella abortus 3 2268 Brucella canis 3 2269 Brucella melitensis 3 2270 Brucella neotomae 3271 Brucella ovis 3 2272 Brucella suis 3 2273 Bulleidia extructa 2274 Burkholderia ambifaria 2275 Burkholderia cepacia 2276 Burkholderia mallei 2 2277 Burkholderia multivorans 2278 Burkholderia pseudomallei 2 2279 Burkholderia stabilis 2280 Burkholderia vietnamiensis 2281 Calymmatobacterium granulomatis 2282 Campylobacter butzleri 2283 Campylobacter cinaedi 2284 Campylobacter coli 2 2285 Campylobacter concisus 2286 Campylobacter cryaerophilus 2287 Campylobacter curvus 2288 Campylobacter fennelliae 2289 Campylobacter fetus fetus 2 2290 Campylobacter fetus venerealis 2 2291 Campylobacter gracilis 2292 Campylobacter hyoilei 2 2293 Campylobacter hyointestinalis hyointestinalis 2 2294 Campylobacter jejuni doylei 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM26
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 27
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å295 Campylobacter jejuni jejuni 2 2296 Campylobacter lari 2 2297 Campylobacter mucosalis 2 2298 Campylobacter mustelae 2 2299 Campylobacter pylori 2 2300 Campylobacter pylori mustelae 2 2301 Campylobacter rectus 2302 Campylobacter sputorum bubulus 2303 Campylobacter sputorum mucosalis 2 2304 Campylobacter sputorum sputorum 2305 Campylobacter upsaliensis 2306 Capnocytophaga canimorsus 2307 Capnocytophaga cynodegmi 2308 Capnocytophaga gingivalis 2309 Capnocytophaga granulosa 2310 Capnocytophaga haemolytica 2311 Capnocytophaga ochracea 2312 Capnocytophaga sputigena 2313 Cardiobacterium hominis 2314 Carnobacterium maltaromaticum 2315 Carnobacterium piscicola 2316 Catonella morbi 2317 CDC group 4d-1 2318 CDC group DF-1 2319 CDC group DF-2 2320 CDC group E9 2321 CDC group EF 13 2322 CDC group EF 6 2323 CDC group F 2324 CDC group IIa 2325 CDC group IIb 2326 CDC group IId 2327 CDC group IIe 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM27
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß28
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å328 CDC group IIk-2329 CDC group IIk-3330 CDC group IVa 2 2331 CDC group JK 2332 CDC group M-3 2333 CDC group M-4f 2334 CDC group P-1 2335 CDC group TM-1 2336 CDC group Vb-2 2337 CDC group Ve-1 2338 Cedecea davisae 2339 Cedecea lapagei 2340 Cedecea neteri 2341 Centipeda periodontii 2342 Cetobacterium ceti 2343 Chlamydia muridarum 2344 Chlamydia pecorum 2345 Chlamydia pneumoniae 2346 Chlamydia psittaci 3 2347 Chlamydia suis 2348 Chlamydia trachomatis 2349 Chlamydophila abortus 2350 Chlamydophila caviae 2351 Chlamydophila felis 2352 Chlamydophila pecorum 2353 Chlamydophila pneumoniae 2354 Chromobacterium violaceum 2355 Chryseobacterium balustinum 2356 Chryseobacterium gleum 2357 Chryseobacterium gleum 2358 Chryseobacterium indologenes 2359 Chryseobacterium meningosepticum 2360 Chryseobacterium scophthalmum 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM28
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 29
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å361 Chryseomonas uteola 2362 Chryseomonas polytricha 2363 Citrobacter amalonaticus 2364 Citrobacter braakii 2365 Citrobacter diversus 2366 Citrobacter farmeri 2367 Citrobacter freundii 2 2368 Citrobacter gillenii 2369 Citrobacter koseri 2370 Citrobacter murliniae 2371 Citrobacter rodentium 2372 Citrobacter sedlakii 2373 Citrobacter werkmanii 2374 Citrobacter youngae 2375 Cladothrix israelii 2376 Cladothrix bovis 2377 Cladothrix naeslundii 2378 Cladothrix viscosus 2379 Clostridium absonum 2380 Clostridium argentinense 2381 Clostridium baratii 2382 Clostridium bifermentans 2383 Clostridium botulinum 2 2384 Clostridium cadaveris 2385 Clostridium carnis 2386 Clostridium chauvoei 2 2387 Clostridium clostridioforme 2388 Clostridium colinum 2 2389 Clostridium difficile 2 2390 Clostridium fallax 2391 Clostridium ghonii 2392 Clostridium glycolicum 2393 Clostridium haemolyticum 2 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM29
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß30
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å394 Clostridium hastiforme 2395 Clostridium histolyticum 2396 Clostridium indolis 2397 Clostridium innocuum 2398 Clostridium lentoputrescens 2399 Clostridium limosum 2400 Clostridium malenominatum 2401 Clostridium novyi 2 2402 Clostridium novyi type D 2 2403 Clostridium oroticum 2404 Clostridium paraputrificum 2405 Clostridium perfringens 2 2406 Clostridium piliforme 2 2407 Clostridium pseudofallax 2408 Clostridium ramosum 2409 Clostridium septicum 2 2410 Clostridium sordellii 2411 Clostridium species 2412 Clostridium sphenoides 2413 Clostridium spiroforme 2 2414 Clostridium sporogenes 2415 Clostridium subterminale 2416 Clostridium symbiosum 2417 Clostridium tertium 2418 Clostridium tetani 2419 Clostridium botulinum, group G 2420 Clostridium hastiforme (some strains) 2421 Clostridium subterminale (some strains) 2422 Clostridium paraperfringens 2423 Clostridium perenne 2424 Clostridium welchii 2 2425 Coenonia anatina 2426 Collinsella aerofaciens 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM30
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 31
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å427 Colobactrum freundii 2 2428 Comamonas acidovorans 2429 Comamonas terrigena 2430 Corynebacterium group JK 2431 Corynebacterium accolens 2432 Corynebacterium afermentans afermentans 2433 Corynebacterium afermentans lipophilum 2434 Corynebacterium amycolatum 2435 Corynebacterium argentoratense 2436 Corynebacterium auris 2437 Corynebacterium auriscanis 2438 Corynebacterium beticola 2439 Corynebacterium bovis 2440 Corynebacterium camporealensis 2441 Corynebacterium confusum 2442 Corynebacterium coyleae 2443 Corynebacterium cystitidis 2 2444 Corynebacterium diphtheriae 2 2445 Corynebacterium falsenii 2446 Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum 2447 Corynebacterium haemolyticum 2448 Corynebacterium hoagii 2449 Corynebacterium hofmannii 2450 Corynebacterium imitans 2451 Corynebacterium jeikeium 2452 Corynebacterium kutscheri 1 2453 Corynebacterium lipophiloflavum 2454 Corynebacterium macginleyi 2455 Corynebacterium mastitidis 2456 Corynebacterium matruchotii 2457 Corynebacterium minutissimum 2458 Corynebacterium mucifaciens 2459 Corynebacterium mycetoides 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM31
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß32
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å460 Corynebacterium pilosum 2 2461 Corynebacterium propinquum 2462 Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum 2463 Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis 2 2464 Corynebacterium pyogenes 2 2465 Corynebacterium renale 2 2466 Corynebacterium riegelii 2467 Corynebacterium seminale 2468 Corynebacterium simulans 2469 Corynebacterium striatum 2470 Corynebacterium sundsvallense 2471 Corynebacterium thomssenii 2472 Corynebacterium ulcerans 2473 Corynebacterium urealyticum 2474 Corynebacterium xerosis 2475 Corynebacterium aquaticum 2476 Corynebacterium equi 2 2477 Corynebacterium vaginalis 2478 Coryseomonas polytricha 2479 Cowdria ruminantium 2 2480 Coxiella burnetii 3 2481 Cytophaga aquatilis 2482 Cytophaga columnaris 2483 Cytophaga columnaris (hemolytic synonym) 2484 Cytophaga johnsonae 2485 Cytophaga johnsoniae 2486 Cytophaga marina 2487 Cytophaga psychrophila 2 2488 Cytophaga psychrophila (homotypic synonym) 2489 Delftia acidovorans 2490 Dermatophilus chelonae 2491 Dermatophilus congolensis 2492 Desulfomicrobium orale 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM32
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 33
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å493 Dialister pneumosintes 2494 Dichelobacter nodosus 2 2495 Diplococcus pneumoniae 2 2496 Dolosigranulum pigrum 2497 Dysgonomonas capnocytophagoides 2498 Edwardsiella anguillimortifera 2499 Edwardsiella ictaluri 2 2500 Edwardsiella tarda 2 2501 EF group 19 2502 EF group 22 2503 Eggerthella lenta 2504 Ehrlichia canis 2 2505 Ehrlichia chaffeensis 2 2506 Ehrlichia equi 2 2507 Ehrlichia ewingii 2 2508 Ehrlichia muris 2509 Ehrlichia phagocytophila 2 2510 Ehrlichia risticii 2 2511 Ehrlichia ruminantium 2 2512 Ehrlichia sennetsu 2513 Eikenella corrodens 2514 Empedobacter brevis 2515 Enteric group 10 2516 Enteric group 16 2517 Enteric group 17 2518 Enteric group 45 2519 Enteric group 75 2520 Enterobacter aerogenes 2 2521 Enterobacter agglomerans 2522 Enterobacter amnigenus 2523 Enterobacter asburiae 2524 Enterobacter cancerogenus 2525 Enterobacter cloacae 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM33
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß34
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å526 Enterobacter cowanii 2527 Enterobacter gergoviae 2528 Enterobacter hormaechei 2529 Enterobacter intermedius 2530 Enterobacter kobei 2531 Enterobacter sakazakii 2532 Enterobacter taylorae 2533 Enterococcus avium 2 2534 Enterococcus dispar 2535 Enterococcus durans 2 2536 Enterococcus faecalis 2 2537 Enterococcus faecium 2 2538 Enterococcus flavescens 2539 Enterococcus gallinarum 2540 Enterococcus hirae 2541 Enterococcus porcinus 2542 Enterococcus pseudoavium 2543 Enterococcus raffinosus 2544 Enterococcus ratti 2545 Enterococcus seriolicida 2546 Enterococcus solitarius 2547 Enterococcus villorum 2548 Eperythrozoon coccoides 2549 Eperythrozoon ovis 2550 Eperythrozoon parvum 2551 Eperythrozoon suis 2552 Eperythrozoon wenyonii 2553 Erwinia cancerogena 2554 Erwinia herbicola 2555 Erwinia milletiae 2556 Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae 2 2557 Erysipelothrix insidiosa 2 2558 Escherichia adecarboxylata 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM34
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 35
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å559* Escherichia coli 2 2560 Escherichia fergusonii 2561 Escherichia hermannii 2562 Escherichia vulneris 2563 Eubacterium aerofaciens 2564 Eubacterium alactolyticum 2565 Eubacterium brachy 2566 Eubacterium combesii 2567 Eubacterium contortum 2568 Eubacterium exiguum 2569 Eubacterium filamentosum 2570 Eubacterium fossor 2571 Eubacterium infirmum 2572 Eubacterium lentum 2573 Eubacterium limosum 2574 Eubacterium minutum 2575 Eubacterium moniliforme 2576 Eubacterium nitritogenes 2577 Eubacterium nodatum 2578 Eubacterium ramosum 2579 Eubacterium saphenum 2580 Eubacterium suis 2581 Eubacterium sulci 2582 Eubacterium tarantellae 2583 Eubacterium tardum 2584 Eubacterium tenue 2585 Eubacterium timidum 2586 Eubacterium tortuosum 2587 Eubacterium ventriosum 2588 Eubacterium yurii margaretiae 2589 Eubacterium yurii schtitka 2590 Eubacterium yurii yurii 2591 Ewingella americana 2
* Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli, serotype O: 157 and other verotoxin producing serotypes
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM35
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß36
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å592 Facklamia hominis 2593 Facklamia ignava 2594 Facklamia languida 2595 Faecalibacterium prausnitzii 2596 Falcivibrio grandis 2597 Falcivibrio vaginalis 2598 Filifactor alocis 2599 Filifactor equinum 2600 Finegoldia magna 2601 Flavimonas oryzihabitans 2602 Flavobacterium aquatilis 2603 Flavobacterium branchiophilum 2604 Flavobacterium breve 2605 Flavobacterium columnare 2 2606 Flavobacterium devorans 2607 Flavobacterium gleum 2608 Flavobacterium hydatis 2609 Flavobacterium indologenes 2610 Flavobacterium johnsoniae 2611 Flavobacterium meningosepticum 2612 Flavobacterium mizutaii 2613 Flavobacterium odoratum 2614 Flavobacterium psychrophilum 2615 Flavobacterium scophthalmum 2616 Flavobacterium thalpophilum 2617 Flavobacterium yabuuchiae 2618 Flavobacterium balustinum 2619 Flavobacterium multivorum 2620 Flavobacterium spiritivorum 2621 Flavobacterium IIb 2622 Flexibacter columnaris 2 2623 Flexibacter maritimus 2624 Flexibacter ovolyticus 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM36
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 37
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å625 Flexibacter psychrophilus 2626 Fluoribacter bozemanae 2627 Fluoribacter dumoffii 2628 Fluoribacter gormanii 2629 Francisella novicida 2630 Francisella philomiragia 2631 Francisella tularensis holarctica 2632 Francisella tularensis mediasiatica 2633 Francisella tularensis tularensis 3634 Fusobacterium alocis 2635 Fusobacterium gonidiaformans 2636 Fusobacterium mortiferum 2637 Fusobacterium naviforme 2638 Fusobacterium necrogenes 2639 Fusobacterium necrophorum funduliforme 2 2640 Fusobacterium necrophorum necrophorum 2 2641 Fusobacterium nucleatum animalis 2642 Fusobacterium nucleatum fusiforme 2643 Fusobacterium nucleatum nucleatum 2644 Fusobacterium nucleatum polymorphum 2645 Fusobacterium nucleatum vincentii 2646 Fusobacterium periodonticum 2647 Fusobacterium prausnitzii 2648 Fusobacterium pseudonecrophorum 2649 Fusobacterium russii 2650 Fusobacterium sulci 2651 Fusobacterium ulcerans 2652 Fusobacterium varium 2653 Fusobacterium sumbiosum 2654 Fusobacterium biacutus 2655 Gardnerella vaginalis 2656 Gemella bergeri 2657 Gemella cuniculi 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM37
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß38
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å658 Gemella haemolysans 2659 Gemella morbillorum 2660 Gemella sanguinis 2661 Globicatella sulfidifaciens 2662 Gordonia aichiensis 2663 Gordonia bronchialis 2664 Gordonia sputi 2665 Grahamella peromysci 2666 Grahamella talpae 2667 Granulicatella adiacens 2668 Granulicatella elegans 2669 Grimontia hollisae 2670 Group A Streptococcus 2671 Group B Streptococcus 2 2672 Group C Streptococcus 2 2673 Group D Streptococcus 2674 Haemobartonella canis 2675 Haemobartonella felis 2676 Haemobartonella muris 2677 Haemophilus actinomycetemcomitans 2 2678 Haemophilus aegyptius 2679 Haemophilus aphrophilus 2680 Haemophilus ducreyi 2681 Haemophilus felis 2682 Haemophilus haemoglobinophilus 2683 Haemophilus influenzae 2 2684 Haemophilus paracuniculus 2685 Haemophilus paragallinarum 2 2686 Haemophilus parahaemolyticus 2687 Haemophilus parainfluenzae 2 2688 Haemophilus paraphrohaemolyticus 2689 Haemophilus paraphrophilus 2690 Haemophilus parasuis 2 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM38
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 39
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å691 Haemophilus piscium 2 2692 Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae 2 2693 Haemophilus segnis 2694 Haemophilus vaginalis 2695 Hafnia alvei 2696 Hallella seregens 2697 Haverhillia multiformis 2 2698 Helcococcus kunzii 2699 Helicobacter acinonychis 2700 Helicobacter bilis 2 2701 Helicobacter bizzozeronii 2702 Helicobacter canis 2703 Helicobacter cholecystus 2704 Helicobacter cinaedi 2705 Helicobacter felis 2 2706 Helicobacter fennelliae 2707 Helicobacter hepaticus 2 2708 Helicobacter muridarum 2709 Helicobacter mustelae 2 2710 Helicobacter nemestrinae 2711 Helicobacter pullorum 2712 Helicobacter pylori 2 2713 Helicobacter rodentium 2714 Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans 2715 Ignavigranum ruoffiae 2716 IIk-2 2717 Johnsonella ignava 2718 Jonesia denitrificans 2719 Kingella denitrificans 2720 Kingella indologenes 2721 Kingella kingae 2722 Kingella oralis 2723 Klebsiella granulomatis 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM39
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß40
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å724 Klebsiella mobilis 2725 Klebsiella ornithinolytica 2726 Klebsiella oxytoca 2727 Klebsiella ozaenae 2728 Klebsiella pneumoniae ozaenae 2729 Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumoniae 2 2730 Klebsiella pneumoniae rhinoscleromatis 2731 Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis 2732 Kluyvera ascorbata 2733 Kluyvera cryocrescens 2734 Koserella trabulsii 2735 Lactobacillus canis 2736 Lactobacillus minutum 2737 Lactobacillus piscicola 2738 Lactobacillus psittaci 2739 Lactobacillus rhamnosus 2740 Lactobacillus rimae 2741 Lactobacillus uli 2742 Lactococcus garvieae 2743 Leclercia adecarboxylata 2744 Legionella birminghamensis 2745 Legionella bozemanae 2746 Legionella cincinnatiensis 2747 Legionella dumoffii 2748 Legionella feeleii 2749 Legionella gormanii 2750 Legionella hackeliae 2751 Legionella ordanis 2752 Legionella lansingensis 2753 Legionella longbeachae 2754 Legionella maceachernii 2755 Legionella micdadei 2756 Legionella oakridgensis 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM40
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 41
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å757 Legionella pittsburghensis 2758 Legionella pneumophila fraseri 2759 Legionella pneumophila pascullei 2760 Legionella pneumophila pneumophila 2761 Legionella sainthelensi 2762 Legionella tucsonensis 2763 Legionella wadsworthii 2764 Leptospira borgpetersenii 2765 Leptospira fainei 2766 Leptospira inadai 2767 Leptospira interrogans 2 2768 Leptospira kirschneri 2769 Leptospira noguchii 2770 Leptospira santarosai 2771 Leptospira weilii 2772 Leptothrix bovis 2773 Leptothrix israelii 2774 Leptothrix naeslundii 2775 Leptothrix viscosus 2776 Levinea amalonatica 2777 Levinea koseri 2778 Levinea malonatica 2779 Listeria denitrificans 2780 Listeria vanovii vanovii 2781 Listeria ivanovii londoniensis 2782 Listeria monocytogenes 2 2783 Listonella anguillarum 2784 Listonella damselae 2785 Livinea malonatica 2786 Lyme disease agent 2 2787 Macrococcus caseolyticus 2788 Mannheimia granulomatis 2789 Mannheimia haemolytica 2 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM41
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß42
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å790 Mannheimia varigena 2791 Megasphaera elsdenii 2792 Microbacterium resistens 2793 Micrococcus niger 2794 Micromonas micros 2795 Microplasma ovis 2796 Microplasma suis 2797 Microplasma wenyonii 2798 Mima polymorpha 2799 Mitsuokella multacida 2800 Mobiluncus curtisii curtisii 2801 Mobiluncus curtisii holmesii 2802 Mobiluncus mulieris 2803 Moellerella wisconsensis 2804 Mogibacterium pumilum 2805 Mogibacterium timidum 2806 Mogibacterium vescum 2807 Moraxella anatipestifer 2 2808 Moraxella bovis 1 2809 Moraxella equi 2810 Moraxella lacunata 2811 Moraxella phenylpyruvica 2812 Moraxella polymorpha 2813 Moraxella saccharolytica 2814 Moraxella kingae815 Moraxella kingkii 2816 Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis 2817 Moraxella (Branhamella) ovis 2 2818 Moraxella (Moraxella) atlantae 2819 Moraxella (Moraxella) lacunata 2820 Moraxella (Moraxella) nonliquefaciens 2821 Moraxella (Moraxella) osloensis 2822 Moraxella (Moraxella) phenylpyruvica 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM42
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 43
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å823 Morganella morganii morganii 2 2824 Morganella morganii sibonii 2825 Morganella morganii subsp. morganii 2826 Moritella viscosa 2827 Morococcus cerebrosus 2828 Mycobacterium abscessus 2829 Mycobacterium africanum 3830 Mycobacterium asiaticum 2831 Mycobacterium avium avium 2 2832 Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis 2 2833 Mycobacterium avium silvaticum 2834 Mycobacterium bovis bovis 3 2835 Mycobacterium bovis caprae 3836 Mycobacterium bovis subsp. caprae 3837 Mycobacterium branderi 2838 Mycobacterium caprae 3839 Mycobacterium celatum 2840 Mycobacterium chelonae chelonae 2 2841 Mycobacterium chelonae ssp. abscessus 2842 Mycobacterium conspicuum 2843 Mycobacterium elephantis 2844 Mycobacterium farcinogenes 2845 Mycobacterium flavescens 2846 Mycobacterium fortuitum acetamidolyticum 2847 Mycobacterium fortuitum fortuitum 2 2848 Mycobacterium gastri 2849 Mycobacterium genavense 2850 Mycobacterium goodii 2851 Mycobacterium habana 2852 Mycobacterium haemophilum 2853 Mycobacterium heckeshornense 2854 Mycobacterium heidelbergense 2855 Mycobacterium immunogenum 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM43
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß44
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å856 Mycobacterium interjectum 2857 Mycobacterium intermedium 2858 Mycobacterium intracellulare 2859 Mycobacterium kansasii 2860 Mycobacterium kubicae 2861 Mycobacterium lentiflavum 2862 Mycobacterium leprae 3863 Mycobacterium lepraemurium 2864 Mycobacterium malmoense 2865 Mycobacterium marinum 2 2866 Mycobacterium microti 3867 Mycobacterium mucogenicum 2868 Mycobacterium novocastrense 2869 Mycobacterium paratuberculosis 2 2870 Mycobacterium porcinum 2871 Mycobacterium scrofulaceum 2872 Mycobacterium senegalense 2873 Mycobacterium septicum 2874 Mycobacterium shimoidei 2875 Mycobacterium simiae 2876 Mycobacterium smegmatis 2 2877 Mycobacterium szulgai 2878 Mycobacterium triplex 2879 Mycobacterium tuberculosis caprae 3880 Mycobacterium tuberculosis 3 2881 Mycobacterium tuberculosis subsp. Caprae 3882 Mycobacterium ulcerans 3 2883 Mycobacterium vaccae 2 2884 Mycobacterium wolinskyi 2885 Mycobacterium xenopi 2886 Mycobacterium balnei 2 2887 Mycobacterium buruli 3 2888 Mycoplasma adleri 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM44
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 45
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å889 Mycoplasma agalactiae 2 2890 Mycoplasma agassizii 2891 Mycoplasma alkalescens 2892 Mycoplasma alligatoris 2893 Mycoplasma anatis 2894 Mycoplasma arginini 2895 Mycoplasma arthritidis 2896 Mycoplasma bovigenitalium 2 2897 Mycoplasma bovirhinis 2898 Mycoplasma bovis 2 2899 Mycoplasma bovoculi 2900 Mycoplasma buteonis 2901 Mycoplasma californicum 2 2902 Mycoplasma canadense 2 2903 Mycoplasma canis 2904 Mycoplasma capricolum capricolum 2 2905 Mycoplasma capricolum capripneumoniae 2 2906 Mycoplasma collis 2907 Mycoplasma columbinasale 2908 Mycoplasma conjunctivae 2 2909 Mycoplasma corogypsi 2910 Mycoplasma crocodyli 2911 Mycoplasma cynos 2912 Mycoplasma dispar 2 2913 Mycoplasma edwardii 2914 Mycoplasma elephantis 2915 Mycoplasma equigenitalium 2916 Mycoplasma equirhinis 2917 Mycoplasma falconis 2918 Mycoplasma felis 2 2919 Mycoplasma fermentans 2920 Mycoplasma flocculare 2921 Mycoplasma gallinaceum 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM45
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß46
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å922 Mycoplasma gallinarum 2923 Mycoplasma gallisepticum 2 2924 Mycoplasma gallopavonis 2925 Mycoplasma gateae 2926 Mycoplasma genitalium 2927 Mycoplasma glycophilum 2928 Mycoplasma gypis 2929 Mycoplasma haemocanis 2930 Mycoplasma haemofelis 2931 Mycoplasma haemomuris 2932 Mycoplasma hominis 2933 Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae 2 2934 Mycoplasma hyorhinis 2 2935 Mycoplasma hyosynoviae 2 2936 Mycoplasma imitans 2937 Mycoplasma iners 2938 Mycoplasma iowae 2 2939 Mycoplasma lipofaciens 2940 Mycoplasma maculosum 2941 Mycoplasma meleagridis 2 2942 Mycoplasma microti 2943 Mycoplasma mobile 2944 Mycoplasma mycoides capri 2 2945 Mycoplasma mycoides mycoides 2 2946 Mycoplasma neurolyticum 2947 Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae 2 2948 Mycoplasma penetrans 2949 Mycoplasma phocacerebrale 2950 Mycoplasma phocarhinis 2951 Mycoplasma phocidae 2952 Mycoplasma pneumoniae 2953 Mycoplasma pullorum 2954 Mycoplasma pulmonis 2 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM46
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 47
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å955 Mycoplasma putrefaciens 2 2956 Mycoplasma salivarium 2957 Mycoplasma spumans 2958 Mycoplasma sturni 2959 Mycoplasma subdolum 2960 Mycoplasma suis 2961 Mycoplasma synoviae 2 2962 Mycoplasma verecundum 2963 Mycoplasma wenyonii 2964 Myroides odoratimimus 2965 Myroides odoratus 2966 Neisseria elongata nitroreducens 2967 Neisseria flavescens 2968 Neisseria gonorrhoeae 2969 Neisseria iguanae 2970 Neisseria lactamica 2971 Neisseria meningitidis 2972 Neisseria mucosa 2973 Neisseria ovis 2 2974 Neisseria sicca 2975 Neisseria subflava 2976 Neisseria weaveri 2977 Neorickettsia helminthoeca 2 2978 Neorickettsia risticii 2 2979 Neorickettsia sennetsu 2980 Nocardia spp. 2981 Nocardia abscessus 2982 Nocardia africana 2983 Nocardia asteroides 2 2984 Nocardia brasiliensis 2985 Nocardia cyriacigeorgica Comment 2986 Nocardia cyriacigeorgica 2987 Nocardia farcinica 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM47
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß48
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å988 Nocardia nova 2989 Nocardia otitidiscaviarum 2990 Nocardia paucivorans 2991 Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis 2992 Nocardia salmonicida 2993 Nocardia seriolae 2994 Nocardia transvalensis 2995 Nocardiopsis dassonvillei albirubida 2996 Nocardiopsis dassonvillei dassonvillei 2997 Nocardia caviae 2998 Nocardia restricta 2999 Norcardiopsis alborubida 21000 Norcardiopsis antarctica 21001 Ochrobactrum anthropi 21002 Ochrobactrum intermedium 21003 Olsenella profusa 21004 Olsenella uli 21005 Oribaculum catoniae 21006 Orientia tsutsugamushi 31007 Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale 21008 Pandoraea apista 21009 Pandoraea pnomenusa 21010 Pandoraea pulmonicola 21011 Pandoraea sputorum 21012 Pantoea agglomerans 21013 Pasteurella spp. 21014 Pasteurella bettyae 21015 Pasteurella caballi 21016 Pasteurella canis 21017 Pasteurella dagmatis 21018 Pasteurella gallinarum 21019 Pasteurella granulomatis 21020 Pasteurella haemolytica 2 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM48
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 49
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å1021 Pasteurella lymphangitidis 21022 Pasteurella mairii 21023 Pasteurella multocida gallicida 21024 Pasteurella multocida multocida 2 21025 Pasteurella multocida septica 21026 Pasteurella multocida biotype6 21027 Pasteurella piscicida 21028 Pasteurella pneumotropica 2 21029 Pasteurella septica 2 21030 Pasteurella stomatis 21031 Pasteurella testudinis 21032 Pasteurella trehalosi 21033 Pasteurella ureae 2 21034 Pasteurella enterocolitica 2 21035 Pasteurella tularensis 31036 Pasteurella pseudotuberculosis 21037 Pasteurella pestis 3 21038 Pelistega europaea 21039 Pepstreptococcus harei 21040 Pepstreptococcus ivorii 21041 Pepstreptococcus lacrimalis 21042 Peptococcus assacharolyticus 21043 Peptococcus glycinophilus 21044 Peptococcus indolicus 21045 Peptococcus magnus 21046 Peptococcus micros1047 Peptococcus niger 21048 Peptococcus prevotii 21049 Peptococcus saccharolyticus 21050 Peptococcus variabilis 21051 Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus 21052 Peptoniphilus harei 21053 Peptoniphilus indolicus 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM49
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß50
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å1054 Peptoniphilus ivorii 21055 Peptoniphilus lacrimalis 21056 Peptostreptococcus parvulum 21057 Peptostreptococcus anaerobius 21058 Peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus 21059 Peptostreptococcus harei 21060 Peptostreptococcus indolicus 21061 Peptostreptococcus ivorii 21062 Peptostreptococcus lacrimalis 21063 Peptostreptococcus magnus 21064 Peptostreptococcus micros 21065 Peptostreptococcus prevotii 21066 Peptostreptococcus vaginalis 21067 Photobacterium damselae damselae 21068 Photobacterium damselae piscicida 21069 Photorhabdus asymbiotica 21070 Piscirickettsia salmonis 21071 Plesiomonas shigelloides 2 21072 Porphyromonas levii 21073 Porphyromonas macacae 21074 Porphyromonas asaccharolytica 21075 Porphyromonas cangingivalis 21076 Porphyromonas canoris 21077 Porphyromonas cansulci 21078 Porphyromonas catoniae 21079 Porphyromonas circumdentaria 21080 Porphyromonas crevioricanis 21081 Porphyromonas endodontalis 21082 Porphyromonas gingivalis 21083 Porphyromonas gingivicanis 21084 Porphyromonas gulae 21085 Porphyromonas salivosa 21086 Prevotella albensis 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM50
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 51
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å1087 Prevotella bivia 21088 Prevotella bryantii 21089 Prevotella buccae 21090 Prevotella buccalis 21091 Prevotella corporis 21092 Prevotella denticola 21093 Prevotella disiens 21094 Prevotella intermedia 21095 Prevotella loescheii 21096 Prevotella melaninogenica 2 21097 Prevotella nigrescens 21098 Prevotella oralis 21099 Prevotella pallens 21100 Prevotella tannerae 21101 Propionibacterium acnes 21102 Propionibacterium avidum 21103 Propionibacterium granulosum 21104 Propionibacterium lymphophilum 21105 Propionibacterium propionicus 21106 Propionimibium lymphophilum 21107 Proteus hauseri 21108 Proteus inconstans 21109 Proteus mirabilis 2 21110 Proteus morganii 2 21111 Proteus penneri 21112 Proteus rettgeri 21113 Proteus vulgaris 21114 Proteus vulgaris indole negative 21115 Providencia alcalifaciens 21116 Providencia alcalifaciens biogroup 3 21117 Providencia rettgeri 21118 Providencia rustigianii P.friedericiana 21119 Providencia stuartii 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM51
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß52
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å1120 Pseudoalteromonas piscicida 21121 Pseudobacterium brevis 21122 Pseudomonas acidovorans 21123 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2 21124 Pseudomonas alcaligenes 21125 Pseudomonas anguilliseptica 21126 Pseudomonas cepacia 21127 Pseudomonas cocovenenans 21128 Pseudomonas diminuta 21129 Pseudomonas luteola 21130 Pseudomonas mallei 2 21131 Pseudomonas maltophilia 21132 Pseudomonas mendocina 21133 Pseudomonas odorans 21134 Pseudomonas oryzihabitans 21135 Pseudomonas paucimobilis 21136 Pseudomonas piscicida 21137 Pseudomonas plecoglossicida 21138 Pseudomonas pseudomallei 2 21139 Pseudomonas rubrisubalbicans 21140 Pseudomonas hydrophila 2 21141 Pseudomonas oryzihabitans 21142 Pseudomonas luteola 21143 Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus 21144 Psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus 21145 Ralstonia mannitolilytica 21146 Ralstonia paucula 21147 Rambacterium ramosum 21148 Raoultella ornithinolytica 21149 Renibacterium salmoninarum 21150 Rhodococcus aichiensis 21151 Rhodococcus bronchialis 21152 Rhodococcus chubuensis 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM52
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 53
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å1153 Rhodococcus equi 2 21154 Rickettsia africae 21155 Rickettsia akari 21156 Rickettsia australis 21157 Rickettsia bellii 21158 Rickettsia canada 21159 Rickettsia canadensis 21160 Rickettsia conorii 21161 Rickettsia felis 21162 Rickettsia helvetica 21163 Rickettsia honei 21164 Rickettsia japonica 21165 Rickettsia montana 21166 Rickettsia montanensis 21167 Rickettsia parkeri 21168 Rickettsia prowazekii 21169 Rickettsia quintana 21170 Rickettsia rhipicephali 21171 Rickettsia rickettsii 2 21172 Rickettsia sennetsu 21173 Rickettsia sibirica 21174 Rickettsia slovaca 21175 Rickettsia tsutsugamushi 21176 Rickettsia typhi 21177 Riemerella anatipestifer 2 21178 Riemerella columbina 21179 Rochalimaea elizabethae 21180 Rochalimaea henselae 21181 Rochalimaea quintana 21182 Roseomonas cervicalis 21183 Roseomonas fauriae 21184 Rothia dentocariosa 21185 Rothia mucilaginosa 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM53
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß54
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å1186 Salmonella arizonae 21187 Salmonella bongori 21188 Salmonella choleraesuis arizonae 21189 Salmonella choleraesuis choleraesuis 2 21190 Salmonella choleraesuis diarizonae 21191 Salmonella choleraesuis houtenae 21192 Salmonella choleraesuis indica 21193 Salmonella choleraesuis salamae 21194 Salmonella choleraesuis subsp. bongori 21195 Salmonella enteritidis 2 21196 Salmonella typhi 21197 Salmonella typhimurium 2 21198 Sanguibacter inulinus 21199 Sanguibacter keddieii 21200 Sanguibacter suarezii 21201 Selenomonas artemidis 21202 Selenomonas dianae 21203 Selenomonas flueggei 21204 Selenomonas infelix 21205 Selenomonas noxia 21206 Serpulina hyodysenteriae 2 21207 Serpulina intermedia 21208 Serpulina pilosicoli 2 21209 Serratia alga 21210 Serratia grimesii 21211 Serratia marcescens marcescens 21212 Serratia marinorubra 21213 Serratia proteamaculans 21214 Serratia rubidaea 21215 Shewanella algae 21216 Shigella biogroup A 21217 Shigella biogroup B 21218 Shigella biogroup C 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM54
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 55
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å1219 Shigella biogroup D 21220 Shigella boydii 21221 Shigella dysenteriae 21222 Shigella flexneri 21223 Shigella sonnei 21224 Simkania negevensis 21225 Slackia exigua 21226 Sphingobacterium mizutaii 21227 Sphingobacterium multivorum 21228 Sphingobacterium spiritivorum 21229 Sphingobacterium thalpophilum 21230 Sphingobacterium versatilis1231 Sphingomonas parapaucimobilis 21232 Sphingomonas paucimobilis 21233 Spiroplasma mirum 21234 Spirillum spp. 21235 Staphylococcus albus 2 21236 Staphylococcus aureus anaerobius 21237 Staphylococcus aureus aureus 2 21238 Staphylococcus caprae 21239 Staphylococcus caseolyticus 21240 Staphylococcus cohnii cohnii 2 21241 Staphylococcus epidermidis 2 21242 Staphylococcus felis 21243 Staphylococcus haemolyticus 21244 Staphylococcus hominis hominis 21245 Staphylococcus hominis novobiosepticus 21246 Staphylococcus hyicus 2 21247 Staphylococcus intermedius 2 21248 Staphylococcus lugdunensis 21249 Staphylococcus lutrae 21250 Staphylococcus pasteuri 21251 Staphylococcus saccharolyticus 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM55
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß56
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å1252 Staphylococcus saprophyticus 21253 Staphylococcus schleiferi coagulans 21254 Staphylococcus schleiferi schleiferi 21255 Stenotrophomonas africana 21256 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 21257 Stomatococcus muculaginosa 21258 Streptobacillus moniliformis 2 21259 Streptococcus acidominimus 21260 Streptococcus adjacens 21261 Streptococcus agalactiae 2 21262 Streptococcus anginosus 21263 Streptococcus avium 2 21264 Streptococcus bovis 2 21265 Streptococcus canis 21266 Streptococcus constellatus constellatus 21267 Streptococcus constellatus pharyngis 21268 Streptococcus didelphis 21269 Streptococcus difficilis 21270 Streptococcus durans (group D Enterococcus) 2 21271 Streptococcus dysgalactiae dysgalactiae 2 21272 Streptococcus dysgalactiae equisimilis 21273 Streptococcus equi equi 2 21274 Streptococcus equi zooepidemicus 2 21275 Streptococcus equinus 21276 Streptococcus faecalis (group D Enterococcus) 2 21277 Streptococcus faecium (group D Enterococcus) 2 21278 Streptococcus gallinarum 21279 Streptococcus gallolyticus 21280 Streptococcus garvieae 21281 Streptococcus infantarius 21282 Streptococcus iniae 21283 Streptococcus intermedius 21284 Streptococcus lutetiensis 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM56
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 57
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å1285 Streptococcus milleri 21286 Streptococcus milleri group 21287 Streptococcus mitis 21288 Streptococcus morbillorum 21289 Streptococcus mutans 21290 Streptococcus oralis 21291 Streptococcus ovis 21292 Streptococcus parasanguinis 21293 Streptococcus parvulum 21294 Streptococcus phocae 21295 Streptococcus pluranimalium 21296 Streptococcus pneumoniae 2 21297 Streptococcus porcinus 21298 Streptococcus pyogenes 21299 Streptococcus salivarius 21300 Streptococcus sanguinis 21301 Streptococcus sanguis 21302 Streptococcus shiloi 21303 Streptococcus sobrinus 21304 Streptococcus suis 2 21305 Streptococcus defectivus 21306 Streptococcus mitior 21307 Streptomyces somaliensis 21308 Streptothrix viscosus 2 21309 Streptothrix bovis 2 21310 Streptothrix israelii 2 21311 Streptothrix naeslundii 21312 Sutterella wadsworthensis 21313 Suttonella indologenes 21314 Tannerella forsythensis 21315 Tatlockia maceachernii 21316 Tatlockia micdadei 21317 Tatumella ptyseos 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM57
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß58
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å1318 Taylorella equigenitalis 2 21319 Tenacibaculum marina 21320 Tenacibaculum maritimum 21321 Tenacibaculum ovolyticum 21322 Tissierella praeacuta 21323 T-mycoplasma 2 21324 Treponema amylovorum 21325 Treponema brennaborense 21326 Treponema denticola 21327 Treponema hyodysenteriae 2 21328 Treponema lecithinolyticum 21329 Treponema maltophilum 21330 Treponema medium 21331 Treponema pallidum 21332 Treponema paraluiscuniculi 21333 Treponema parvum 21334 Treponema pectinovorum 21335 Treponema pertenue 21336 Treponema socranskii buccale 21337 Treponema socranskii paredis 21338 Treponema socranskii socranskii 21339 Tropheryma whipplei 21340 Tsukamurella inchonensis 21341 Tsukamurella pulmonis 21342 Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens 21343 Turicella otitidis 21344 Ureaplasma diversum 2 21345 Ureaplasma gallorale 21346 Ureaplasma parvum 21347 Ureaplasma urealyticum 2 21348 Vagococcus salmoninarum 21349 Veillonella alcalescens 21350 Veillonella alcalescens subsp. alcalescens 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM58
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 59
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å1351 Veillonella parvula 21352 Vibrio alginolyticus 21353 Vibrio anguillarum 21354 Vibrio carchariae 21355 Vibrio cholerae 21356 Vibrio cincinnatiensis 21357 Vibrio damselae 21358 Vibrio fluvialis 21359 Vibrio furnissii 21360 Vibrio harveyi 21361 Vibrio hollisae 21362 Vibrio ichthyoenteri 21363 Vibrio metschnikovii 21364 Vibrio mimicus 21365 Vibrio ordalii 21366 Vibrio parahaemolyticus 21367 Vibrio salmonicida 2 21368 Vibrio trachuri 21369 Vibrio viscosus 21370 Vibrio vulnificus 21371 Vibrio wodanis 21372 Vibrio albensis 21373 Vibrio comma 21374 Vibrio cholerae biovar proteus 21375 Waddlia chondrophila 21376 Wauteria paucula 21377 Weeksella zoohelcum 21378 Welchia welchii 2 21379 Wolinella curva 21380 Wolinella recta 21381 Xanthomonas maltophilia 21382 Yersinia enterocolitica enterocolitica 2 21383 Yersinia enterocolitica palearctica 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM59
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß60
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
™π‘¥¬àÕ¬(subspecies)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å1384 Yersinia frederiksenii 21385 Yersinia intermedia 21386 Yersinia kristensenii 21387 Yersinia pestis 3 21388 Yersinia philomiragia 21389 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis 21390 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis subsp. pestis 3 21391 Yersinia ruckeri 2 21392 Yokenella regensburgei 21393 Zymobacterium oroticum 2
The Australia Group Common Control Lists of Biological Agents for Export Control
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM60
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 61
‡™◊ÈÕ‰«√— °àÕ‚√§„π§π·≈– —µ«å
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM61
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß62
”¥—∫ ∑’Ë
™◊ËÕ °
ÿ≈(G
enus
)«ß
Ȍ(F
amily
)√–
¥—∫§«
“¡‡
’ˬß
§π —µ
«å°“
√°àÕ‚
ä
1Afr
ican s
wine
feve
r viru
sAfr
ican s
wine
No de
fined
2Afr
ican s
wine
feve
rfev
er-like
virus
estax
onom
ic na
me2
Akab
ane v
irus
Buny
avirus
Buny
avirid
ae2
Anim
al : A
bortio
n, sti
llbirth
,cal
f defo
rmitie
s3
Avian
ence
phalo
myelit
isEn
terov
irus
Picorn
avirid
ae2
Ence
phalo
myelit
is, ga
it abn
ormalit
y,pa
ralysi
s of le
gs, b
lindne
ss4
Avian
Influ
enza
virus
Influe
nza A
, B vi
rusOr
thomy
xovir
idae
2Re
spira
tory a
nd ne
rvous
symp
toms,
diarrh
eaHig
hly pa
thoge
nic av
ian in
fluen
za vir
us3
Huma
n : re
spira
tory s
ympto
msAn
imal
: sud
den d
eath,
resp
irator
yan
d nerv
ous s
ympto
ms,
5Av
ian le
ukos
is vir
usAv
ian ty
pe C
Retro
virida
e2
Stop o
f egg
prod
uctio
n, dia
rrhea
,ret
roviru
ses
weigh
t loss
6Ba
nzi vi
rusFla
viviru
sFla
vivirid
ae2
2Fe
brile
disea
se7
Blue e
ye pa
ramyxo
virus
Rubu
laviru
sPa
ramyxo
virida
e2
Blue e
ye di
sease
8Blu
etoun
ge vi
rusOr
biviru
sRe
ovirid
ea2
Anim
al : In
flamm
atory
and e
rosive
lesion
s at m
uzzle,
lips a
nd ud
der
9Bo
rder d
isease
virus
Pesti
virus
Flaviv
iridae
2An
imal
: hair
y-sha
ker o
r muc
osal
disea
se10
Borde
r dise
ase vi
rusPe
stivir
usFla
vivirid
ae2
Borde
r dise
ase
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM62
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 63
”¥—∫ ∑’Ë
™◊ËÕ °
ÿ≈(G
enus
)«ß
Ȍ(F
amily
)√–
¥—∫§«
“¡‡
’ˬß
§π —µ
«å°“
√°àÕ‚
ä
11Bo
vine a
deno
virus
type
1-9
Masta
deno
virus
Aden
ovirid
idae
2An
imal
: Res
pirato
ry an
d ente
ricsym
ptoms
12Bo
vine e
nterov
irus
Enter
oviru
sPic
ornavi
ridae
2An
imal
: ente
ritis a
nd re
spira
tory
disea
se13
Bovin
e eph
emera
l viru
sEp
heme
roviru
sRh
abdo
virida
e2
Anim
al : e
phem
eral fe
ver
14Bo
vine l
euko
sis vi
rusBL
V-HTL
V retr
oviru
ses
Retro
virida
e2
Anim
al : ly
mpho
cytos
is an
dlym
phos
arcom
a15
Bovin
e mam
militis
virus
Simple
xvirus
Herpe
svirid
ae2
Anim
al : m
ammi
litis16
Bovin
e pap
illoma
virus
Papill
omavi
rusPa
rvovir
idae
2An
imal
: cuta
neou
s pap
illoma
tosis
17Bo
vine p
apula
r stom
atitis
virus
Parap
oxvir
usPo
xvirid
ae2
Anim
al : u
lcerou
s pap
ules o
n lips
and m
ucou
s mem
brane
of m
outh
Huma
n : cu
taneo
us no
dules
or pa
pule
18Bo
vine p
arvov
irus
Pavo
virus
Parvo
virida
e2
Anim
al : p
arvov
irus d
iarrhe
a19
Bovin
e res
pirato
ry syn
cytial
virus
Pneu
movir
usPa
ramyxo
virida
e2
Anim
al : p
neum
onia
20Bo
vine r
hinov
irus
Rhino
virus
Picorn
avirid
ae2
Anim
al : re
spira
tory d
isease
21Bo
vine r
otavir
usRo
taviru
sRe
ovirid
ae2
Anim
al : ro
taviru
s ente
ritis
22Bo
vine v
iral d
iarrhe
a viru
sPe
stivir
usFla
vivirid
ae2
Anim
al : v
iral d
iarrhe
a or m
ucos
aldis
ease
23Ca
prine
arthr
itis en
ceph
alitis
virus
Lenti
virus
Retro
virida
e2
Anim
al : A
rthriti
s, en
ceph
alitis
24Ch
icken
anem
ia vir
usCir
covir
usCir
covir
idae
2An
aemi
a and
decre
ased g
rowth
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM63
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß64
”¥—∫ ∑’Ë
™◊ËÕ °
ÿ≈(G
enus
)«ß
Ȍ(F
amily
)√–
¥—∫§«
“¡‡
’ˬß
§π —µ
«å°“
√°àÕ‚
ä
25Ch
ikung
unya
Alpha
virus
esTo
gavir
idae
2En
ceph
alitis,
Arthri
tis, R
ash26
Classi
cal sw
ine fe
ver v
irus
Pesti
virus
Flaviv
iridae
2Cla
ssical
swine
feve
r27
Cow
pox v
irus
Ortho
poxvi
rusPo
xvirid
ae2
Anim
al : p
apule
s, ve
sicle,
pustu
leson
teats
toun
ge, li
ps H
uman
: loc
alles
ions o
n han
ds, a
rms a
nd fa
ce,
fever,
lymp
hade
nitis
28Co
xsacki
e viru
ses t
ype A
1-22,
24En
terov
irus
Picorn
avirid
ae2
Herpa
ngina
, Acu
te lym
phati
c,Pa
ralysi
s, As
eptic
men
ingitis
,Ex
anthe
ma, H
and-f
oot-a
nd m
outh
disea
ses,
Pneu
monit
is, Co
mmon
cold,
Hepa
titis,
Conju
nctiv
itis, D
iarrho
ea29
Coxsa
ckie v
iruse
s typ
e B1-6
Enter
oviru
sPic
ornavi
ridae
2Ple
urody
nia, A
septi
c men
ingitis
,Pa
ralysi
s, My
ocard
itis, P
ericar
ditis,
Pneu
monia
,Hepa
titis,
undif
feren
tiated
febrile
illne
ss30
Crime
an-Co
ngo H
aemo
rrhag
ic Fe
ver
Nairo
virus
Buny
avirid
ae4
Haem
orrha
gic fe
ver
virus
31De
ngue
virus
type
1-4
Flaviv
irus
Flaviv
iridae
2De
ngue
haem
orrha
gic fe
ver
32Ea
stern
equin
e enc
epha
litis vi
rusAlp
havir
usTo
gavir
idae
33Eb
ola vi
rusFilo
virus
Filovir
idae
44
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM64
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 65
”¥—∫ ∑’Ë
™◊ËÕ °
ÿ≈(G
enus
)«ß
Ȍ(F
amily
)√–
¥—∫§«
“¡‡
’ˬß
§π —µ
«å°“
√°àÕ‚
ä
34Ec
hovir
us ty
pe 1-
9, 11
-27, 2
9-33
Enter
oviru
sPic
ornavi
ridae
2As
eptic
men
ingitis
, Para
lysis,
Ence
phalit
is, Gu
illain-
Barre
synd
rome,
Peric
arditis
, Myo
cardit
is35
Ecthy
ma (O
rf) vir
usPa
rapox
virus
Poxvi
ridae
2An
imal
: pap
ule or
vesic
le on
skin,
teat, u
dder,
nostr
il ,lip
Huma
n:ma
culop
apula
r or p
ustul
ar les
ionon
skin
36Eg
g drop
synd
rome 1
976 v
irus
Aden
oviru
sAd
enov
iridae
2Dr
op in
egg p
roduc
tion
37En
terov
irus t
ype 6
8En
terov
irus
Picorn
avirid
ae2
Pneu
monia
38En
terov
irus t
ype 7
0En
terov
irus
Picorn
avirid
ae2
Acute
haem
orrha
gic co
njunc
tivitis
39En
terov
irus t
ype 7
1En
terov
irus
Picorn
avirid
ae2
Menin
gitis,
Hand
-foot-
and m
outh
disea
ses
40Fo
ot an
d mou
th dis
ease
virus
Aptho
virus
Picorn
avirid
ae2
Anim
al : F
oot a
nd m
outh
disea
se,
vesic
ular d
isease
41Fo
wl po
x viru
sFo
wl po
x viru
sPo
xvirid
ae2
Drop
and s
top of
egg p
roduc
tion,
respir
atory
sympto
ms42
Hanta
an vi
rusHa
ntavir
usBu
nyavi
ridae
33
Haem
orrha
gic fe
ver w
ith re
nal
syndro
me43
Hend
ra vir
usPa
ramyxo
virus
Param
yxovir
idae
44He
patiti
s A vi
rusHe
patov
irus
Picorn
avirid
ae2
Hepa
titis A
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM65
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß66
”¥—∫ ∑’Ë
™◊ËÕ °
ÿ≈(G
enus
)«ß
Ȍ(F
amily
)√–
¥—∫§«
“¡‡
’ˬß
§π —µ
«å°“
√°àÕ‚
ä
45He
patiti
s B vi
rusOr
thohe
padn
avirus
Hepa
dnavi
ridae
2-
Hepa
titis B
46He
patiti
s C vi
rusHe
paciv
irus
Flaviv
iridae
2He
patiti
s47
Hepa
titis E
virus
Calciv
irus
Calciv
iridae
2Ac
ute vi
ral he
patiti
s48
Hepa
titis F
virus
(Non
-AE he
patiti
s viru
s)To
gavir
usTo
gavir
idae
2Fu
lmina
nt he
patiti
s non
-A-E
49He
patiti
s G vi
rus (N
on-AE
hepa
titis v
irus)
Hepa
civiru
sFla
vivirid
ae2
Hepa
titis-a
ssocia
ted ap
lastic
anem
ia50
Hepa
titis n
on A
non B
virus
Uncla
ssifie
d viru
s2
Hepa
titis B
Hepa
titis D
virus
51He
rpesvi
rus ty
pe 1
Simple
xvirus
Herpe
svirid
ae2
Gingiv
ostom
atitis
, Herp
es la
bialis
(Herpe
s sim
plex v
irus t
ype 1
)52
Herpe
svirus
type
2Sim
plexvi
rusHe
rpesvi
ridae
2Ge
nital
herpe
s sim
plex,
(Herpe
s sim
plex v
irus t
ype 2
)Ne
onata
l herp
es53
Herpe
svirus
Type
3Va
ricello
virus
Herpe
svirid
ae2
Chick
en po
x ( Va
ricella
)(Va
ricella
zoste
r viru
s)54
Herpe
svirus
Type
4 (Ep
stein-
Barr
virus
)Ly
mpho
crypto
virus
Herpe
svirid
ae2
Burki
ttûs ly
mpho
ma, n
asoph
aryng
eal
carcin
oma
55He
rpesvi
rus Ty
pe 5
(Cytom
egalo
virus
)Cy
tomeg
alovir
usHe
rpesvi
ridae
2Cy
tomeg
alic in
clusio
n dise
ase56
Herpe
svirus
Type
6Ro
seolo
virus
Herpe
svirid
ae2
Exan
them
subit
um(Hu
man B
lymp
hotro
pic vi
rus)
57Hu
man a
deno
virus
type
1-12
,Ma
stade
novir
usAd
enov
iridae
2Re
spira
tory i
nfecti
on, G
astroe
nteriti
s,14
-30, 3
4-41
Conju
nctiv
itis
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM66
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 67
”¥—∫ ∑’Ë
™◊ËÕ °
ÿ≈(G
enus
)«ß
Ȍ(F
amily
)√–
¥—∫§«
“¡‡
’ˬß
§π —µ
«å°“
√°àÕ‚
ä
58Hu
man c
orona
virus
Coron
avirus
Coron
avirid
ae2
2Pn
eumo
nia, M
yocar
ditis
59Hu
man e
nteric
coron
avirus
esCo
ronavi
rusCo
ronavi
ridae
22
Diarrh
oea
60Hu
man i
mmun
odefi
cienc
y viru
sLe
ntivir
uses
Retro
virida
e3
Acqu
ire Im
muno
defic
iency
type 1
and 2
Synd
rome (
AIDS)
61Hu
man T
-cell l
euke
mia v
irus t
ype 1
Delta
retrov
iruse
sRe
trovir
idae
2T-c
ell lym
phom
aan
d 2 (T
-cell l
ymph
otrop
ic vir
ustyp
e 1 an
d 2)
62Inf
ectio
us bo
vine r
hinotr
acheit
is vir
usSim
plexvi
rusHe
rpesvi
ridae
2An
imal
: Rhin
otrach
eitis,
reprod
uctive
disord
ers, a
bortio
n, en
ceph
alitis
63Inf
ectio
us br
onch
itis vi
rusCo
ronavi
rusCo
ronavi
ridae
2Re
spira
tory s
ympto
ms an
d diar
rhea
64Inf
ectio
us bu
rsal d
isease
virus
Avibir
navir
usBir
navir
idae
2dia
rrhea
, tumo
r and
depre
ssion
65Inf
ectio
us la
ryngo
trach
elitis
virus
Virice
lloviru
sHe
rpesvi
ridae
2Ac
ute re
spira
tory d
isease
with
largn
gotra
cheit
is66
Influe
nzavir
us ty
pe A
, B
Influe
nzavir
usOr
thomy
xovir
idae
22
Influe
nza67
Influe
nzavir
us ty
pe C
Influe
nza C
virus
Ortho
myxo
virida
e2
2Inf
luenza
68Jap
anes
e B en
ceph
alitis
virus
Flaviv
irus
Flaviv
iridae
2An
imal
: Abo
rtion a
nd ne
onted
morta
lily H
uman
: fev
er, he
adach
e,ne
rvous
sign
69Jap
anes
e enc
epha
litis vi
rusFla
viviru
sFla
vivirid
ae3
3Jap
anes
e enc
epha
litis70
Junin
virus
Arena
virus
Arena
virida
e3
Ataxia
nysta
gmus
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM67
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß68
”¥—∫ ∑’Ë
™◊ËÕ °
ÿ≈(G
enus
)«ß
Ȍ(F
amily
)√–
¥—∫§«
“¡‡
’ˬß
§π —µ
«å°“
√°àÕ‚
ä
71Ky
asanu
r Fore
st vir
usFla
viviru
sFla
vivirid
ae72
Lassa
virus
Arena
virus
Arena
virida
e4
Diffus
e enc
epha
lopath
y73
Loup
ing ill
virus
Flaviv
irus
Flaviv
iridae
33
74Lu
mpy s
kin di
sease
virus
Capri
poxvi
rusPo
xvirid
ae2
Anim
al : lu
mpy s
kin di
sease
75Ly
mpho
cytic
chori
omen
ingitis
virus
Arena
virus
Arena
virida
e2
2Ly
mpho
cytic
chori
omen
ingitis
76Ma
chup
o viru
sAre
navir
usAre
navir
idae
77Ma
edi-vi
sna v
irus
Lenti
virus
Retro
virida
e2
Anim
al : in
tersti
tial p
neum
onia
and
ence
phalit
is78
Malign
ant c
atarrh
al fev
er vir
usSim
plex v
irus
Herpe
svirid
ae2
Aniam
al : M
aligna
nt cat
arrha
l feve
r79
Mamm
alian R
eovir
usOr
throre
oviru
sRe
ovirid
ae2
Mino
r resp
iratory
and g
astroi
ntestin
alilln
ess o
f infan
cy an
d earl
y80
Marbu
rg vir
usMa
rburgv
irus
Filovir
idae
44
81Ma
reck ù
s disa
ese v
irus
Gallid
herpe
svirus
2He
rpesvi
ridae
2Em
aciati
on, le
g para
lysis,
wing
, nec
kGa
llid he
rpesvi
rus 3
and g
ait ab
norm
ality
82Me
asles
virus
Morbi
lliviru
sPa
ramyxo
virida
e2
Measl
es83
Mollus
cum
conta
giosu
m vir
us (M
CV)
Mollus
cipox
virus
Poxvi
ridae
2Be
ning t
umor
84Mo
nkey
pox v
irus
Ortho
poxvi
rusPo
xvirid
ae85
Mump
s viru
sRu
bulav
irus
Param
yxovir
idae
2Mu
mps (
Parot
itis an
d Orch
itis)
86Mu
rray V
alley e
ncep
halitis
virus
Flaviv
irus
Flaviv
iridae
33
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM68
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 69
”¥—∫ ∑’Ë
™◊ËÕ °
ÿ≈(G
enus
)«ß
Ȍ(F
amily
)√–
¥—∫§«
“¡‡
’ˬß
§π —µ
«å°“
√°àÕ‚
ä
87Na
robi s
heep
dise
ase vi
rusNa
irovir
usBu
nyavi
ridae
2Hu
man :
influ
enza
like sy
ndrom
e88
Neon
atal c
alf di
arhea
virus
Coron
avirus
Coron
avirid
ae2
Anim
al : d
iarrhe
a89
Newc
astle
disea
se vi
rusPa
ramyxo
virus
Param
yxovir
idae
2Hu
man :
conju
nctiv
itis A
nimal
:su
dden
death
, diar
rhea,
resop
irator
yan
d nerv
ous s
ympto
ms90
Nipah
virus
Henip
ah vi
rusPa
ramyxo
virida
e4
Nipah
Anim
al : re
spirat
ory sy
mptom
san
d enc
epha
litis H
uman
: enc
epha
litis,
respir
atory
sympto
ms91
Norov
irus
Norw
alk-lik
e viru
ses
Calici
virida
e2
Diarrh
oea
92Om
sk ha
emorr
hagic
feve
r viru
sFla
viviru
sFla
vivirid
ae93
Orop
ouch
e viru
sOr
thobu
nyavi
rusBu
nyavi
ridae
394
Papill
omavi
rus ty
pe 2,
6,11
,13,16
Papill
omavi
rusPa
povav
iridae
2Or
al cav
ity di
sease
and 3
295
Papill
omavi
rus ty
pe 5
,8Pa
pillom
avirus
Papo
vavirid
ae2
Squa
mous
skin
carcin
oma
96Pa
pillom
avirus
type
6 an
d 11
Papill
omavi
rusPa
povav
iridae
2Re
spira
tory p
apillo
mas C
onjun
ctiva
papill
omas
97Pa
pillom
avirus
type
6,11
,8Pa
pillom
avirus
Papo
vavirid
ae2
Malign
ant p
rogres
sion o
f res
pirato
rypa
pillom
as98
Papill
omavi
rus ty
pe 6,
11, 2
6, 42
, 43,
Papill
omavi
rusPa
povav
iridae
2Ce
rvical
canc
ers an
d ana
l can
cers
44, 5
3, 55
, 62,
and 6
6 low
-risk c
ance
rs
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM69
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß70
”¥—∫ ∑’Ë
™◊ËÕ °
ÿ≈(G
enus
)«ß
Ȍ(F
amily
)√–
¥—∫§«
“¡‡
’ˬß
§π —µ
«å°“
√°àÕ‚
ä
99Pa
pillom
avirus
type
16,18
,31 an
d 45,
Papill
omavi
rusPa
povav
iridae
2hig
h-risk
canc
ers10
0Pa
pillom
avirus
type
33, 3
5, 39
, 51,
52,
Papill
omavi
rusPa
povav
iridae
256
, 58,
59 an
d 68,
midd
le-ris
k can
cers
101
Parai
nflue
nza- 3
virus
Param
yxovir
usPa
ramyxo
virida
e2
Anim
al : E
nzooti
c calf
pneu
monia
102
Parvo
virus
B19
Erythr
oviru
sPa
rvovir
idae
2Ery
thema
tous,
Acute
,biph
asic i
llness
103
Peste
-des-p
etits
rumina
nt vir
usMo
rbilliv
irus
Param
yxovir
idae
2An
imal
: diar
rhea a
nd pn
eumo
nia10
4Po
lio vir
us ty
pe 1-
3En
terov
irus
Picorn
avirid
ae3
105
Porci
ne ad
enov
irus 1
-6Ad
enov
irus
Aden
ovirid
ae2
Diarrh
ea10
6Po
rcine
circo
virus
virus
Circo
virus
Circo
virida
e2
Postw
eanin
g mult
isyste
mic w
asting
syndro
me (P
MWS)
107
Porci
ne cy
tomeg
alovir
usRo
seolo
virus
Herpe
svirid
ae2
Rhinit
is, pn
eumo
nia10
8Po
rcine
ence
phalo
myoc
arditis
virus
Cardi
oviru
sPic
ornavi
ridae
2An
imal
: men
ingitis
and m
yocar
dial
lesion
s Hum
an :
fever,
seve
rene
edach
e, ne
rvous
sign
s10
9Po
rcine
enter
oviru
s 1-11
Enter
oviru
sPic
ornavi
ridae
2Po
lioenc
epha
lomye
litis, d
iarrhe
a,rep
roduc
tive d
isorde
r, pne
umon
ia,pe
ricard
itis an
d myo
cardit
is11
0Po
rcine
epide
mic d
iarrhe
a viru
sCo
ronavi
rusCo
ronavi
ridae
2Po
rcine
epide
mic d
irrhea
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM70
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 71
”¥—∫ ∑’Ë
™◊ËÕ °
ÿ≈(G
enus
)«ß
Ȍ(F
amily
)√–
¥—∫§«
“¡‡
’ˬß
§π —µ
«å°“
√°àÕ‚
ä
111
Porci
ne he
magg
lutina
ting
Coron
avirus
Coron
avirid
ae2
Vomi
ting a
nd w
asting
dise
aseen
ceph
alomy
elitis
virus
112
Porci
ne pa
rvovir
usPa
rvovir
usPa
rvovir
idae
2Re
produ
ctive
failur
e11
3Po
rcine
repro
ducti
ve an
d res
pirato
ryArt
erivir
usArt
erivir
idae
2Po
rcine
repro
ducti
ve an
d res
pirato
rysyn
drome
syndro
m11
4Po
rcine
resp
irator
y coro
navir
usCo
ronavi
rusCo
ronavi
ridae
2Int
ersitit
ial pn
eumo
nia11
5Po
rcine
rotav
irus
Rotav
irus
Reorv
iridae
2Dia
rrhea
116
Porci
ne tr
ansm
issible
gastr
oente
ritis
Coron
avirus
Coron
avirid
ae2
Diarrh
eavir
us11
7Po
wassa
n viru
sFla
viviru
sFla
vivirid
ae3
211
8Ps
eudo
rabies
virus
Simple
xvirus
Herpe
svirid
ae2
Anim
al : M
ad itc
h enc
epha
litis11
9Ps
eudo
rabies
virus
Varic
ellovir
usHe
rpervi
ridae
2Ps
eudo
rabies
(Auje
szky,
s dise
ase)
120
Rabie
s viru
sLy
ssavir
usRh
abdo
virida
e2
2Ra
bies (
hydro
phob
ia), en
ceph
alitis
121
Resp
irator
y syn
cytial
virus
Pneu
movir
usPa
ramyxo
virida
e2
Pneu
monia
122
Revo
virus
Ortho
reovir
usRe
ovirid
ea2
Anim
al : A
cute
respir
atory
and
enter
ic dis
ease
123
Rift V
alley F
ever
virus
Phleb
oviru
sBu
nyavi
ridae
2Rif
t Valle
y fev
er Hu
man :
mus
cular
and b
ack pa
in, he
adach
e hem
orhag
eRV
F, me
migo
ence
phalit
is or
retinit
isAn
imal
: Abrt
ion, d
iarrhe
a
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM71
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß72
”¥—∫ ∑’Ë
™◊ËÕ °
ÿ≈(G
enus
)«ß
Ȍ(F
amily
)√–
¥—∫§«
“¡‡
’ˬß
§π —µ
«å°“
√°àÕ‚
ä
124
Rinde
rpest
virus
Morbi
lliviru
sPa
ramyxo
virida
e2
Anim
al : e
rosive
stom
atitis
,ga
stroe
nteriti
s12
5Ro
cio vi
rusFla
viviru
sFla
vivirid
ae3
126
Rotav
irus
Rotav
irus
Reov
iridae
2Ac
ute di
arrho
ea
127
Rube
lla vir
usRu
biviru
sTo
gavir
idae
2Ru
bella
128
Sindb
is vir
usAlp
havir
usTo
gavir
idae
22
Arthri
tis, ra
sh, m
ild fev
er
129
St Lo
uis en
ceph
alitis
virus
Flaviv
irus
Flaviv
iridae
32
130
Swine
influ
enza
virus
Influe
nzavir
us A
, BOr
thomy
xovir
idae
2Sw
ine in
fluen
za An
imal
: swi
neinf
luenza
Hum
an :
flu-lik
e sym
ptoms
131
Swine
pox v
irus
Suipo
xvirus
Poxvi
ridae
2Sw
ine po
x
132
Swine
vesic
ular d
isease
virus
Enter
oviru
sPic
ornavi
ridae
2Ve
sicula
r dise
ase13
3Tic
k-born
e enc
epha
litis vi
rusFla
viviru
sFla
vivirid
ae4
4
134
Vario
la vir
usPo
xvirus
Poxvi
ridae
4
135
Vene
zuelan
equin
e enc
epha
litis vi
rusAlp
havir
usTo
gavir
idae
33
136
Vesic
ular e
xanthe
ma of
swine
virus
Calici
virus
Calici
virida
e2
Vesic
ular d
isease
137
Vesic
ular s
tomati
tis vi
rusVe
siculo
virus
Rhab
dovir
idae
2An
imal
: ves
icular
dise
ase H
uman
:ve
sicula
r dise
ase, g
astroi
ntesti
nal
sympto
ms
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM72
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 73
”¥—∫ ∑’Ë
™◊ËÕ °
ÿ≈(G
enus
)«ß
Ȍ(F
amily
)√–
¥—∫§«
“¡‡
’ˬß
§π —µ
«å°“
√°àÕ‚
ä
138
Wesse
lbron
dise
ase vi
rusFla
viviru
sTo
gavir
idae
2Hu
man :
Feve
r, hea
dach
e, pa
inAn
imal
: Abo
rtion,
neon
atal d
eath
and c
onge
nital
abno
rmalit
ies13
9We
stern
equin
e enc
epha
litis vi
rusAlp
havir
usTo
gavir
idae
140
West
Nile v
irus
Flaviv
irus
Flaviv
iridae
22
West
Nile f
ever
141
Yellow
feve
r viru
sFla
viviru
sFla
vivirid
ae2
Yellow
feve
r
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM73
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß74
‡™◊ÈÕ√“°àÕ‚√§„π§π·≈– —µ«å
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM74
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 75
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å
æ—π∏ÿå(variety)
1 Absidia corymbifera 22 Acremonium falciforme 23 Acremonium kilienese 24 Acremonium recifei 25 Actinomadura madurae 26 Actinomadura pelletieri 27 Ajellomyces capsulatus 3
( Histoplasma capsulatum,teleomorph state)8 Ajellomyces dermatitidis 3
( Blastomyces dermatitidis,teleomorph state)9 Apophysomyces elegans 210 Arthrographis kelrae 211 Aspergillus flavus 212 Aspergillus fumigatus 213 Aspergillus terreus 214 Basidiobolus ranarum 215 Blastomyces dermatitidis, yeast 216 Blastomyces dermatitidis,filamentous 317 Candida albicans 218 Candida glabrata 219 Candida krusei 220 Candida tropicalis 221 Cladophialophora arxii 322 Cladophialophora bantiana 323 Cladophialophora boppii 224 Cladophialophora carrionii 225 Cladophialophora devriesii 326 Cladophialophora emmonsii 227 Cladophialophora modesta 228 Coccidioides immitis 329 Conidiobolus coronatus 230 Conidiobolus incongruus 231 Cryptococcus neoformans, yeast 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM75
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß76
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å
æ—π∏ÿå(variety)
32 Cryptococcus neoformans 3Teleomorph state basidiospores
33 Cunninghamella bertholletiae 234 Chrysosporium inops 235 Cylindrocarpon cyanescens 236 Emmonsia parva 237 Emmonsia parva crescens 238 Epidermophyton floccosum 239 Exophiala dermatitidis 240 Exophiala jeanselmei 241 Exophialia lecanii-cornii 242 Exophiala spinifera 243 Fonsecaea compacta 244 Fonsecaea pedrosoi 245 Fusarium oxysporum 246 Fusarium solani 247 Fusarium verticillioides 248 Geotrichum capitatum 249 Histoplasma capsulatum, conidia duboisii 350 Histoplasma capsulatum, yeast duboisii 251 Histoplasma capsulatum, conidia capsulatum 352 Histoplasma capsulatum, yeast capsulatum 253 Histoplasma capsulatum farciminosum 3/254 Leptosphaeria senegalensis 255 Madurella grisea 256 Madurella mycetomatis 257 Malassezia furfur 258 Microsporum audouinii 259 Microsporum canis 260 Microsporum ferrugineum 261 Microsporum gallinae 262 Microsporum gypseum 263 Microsporum nanum 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM76
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 77
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å
æ—π∏ÿå(variety)
64 Microsporum persicolor 265 Microsporum praecox 266 Microsporum racemosum 267 Mortierella wolfii 268 Neotestudina rosatii 269 Nocardia asteroides 270 Nocardia brasiliensis 271 Nocardia otitidiscaviarum 272 Nocardia nova 273 Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis 274 Nocardia farcinica 275 Nocardia transvalensis 276 Nocardia spp. 277 Ochroconis gallopava 278 Paracoccidioides brasiliensis 379 Penicillum marneffei 380 Phialophora europaea 281 Phialophora richardsiae 282 Phialophora verrucosa 283 Pneumocystis carinii 284 Pseudallescheria boydii 285 Pyrenochaeta romeroi 286 Pythium insidiosum 287 Ramichloridium mackenziei 388 Rhinocladiella aquaspersa 289 Rhinosporidium seeberi 290 Rhizomucor pusillus 291 Rhizopus azygosporus 292 Rhizopus microsporus 293 Rhizopus schipperae 294 Rhodococcus equi 295 Saksenaea vasiformis 296 Scedosporium apiospermum 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM77
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß78
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
°ÿ≈(genus)
™π‘¥(species)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å
æ—π∏ÿå(variety)
97 Scedosporium prolificans 298 Scopulariopsis brevicaulis 299 Scopulariopsis brumptii 2100 Sporothrix schenckii 2101 Streptomyces somaliensis 2102 Syncephalastrum racemosum 2103 Trichophyton concentrichum 2104 Trichophyton interdigitale 2105 Trichophyton mentagrophytes 2106 Trichophyton rubrum 2107 Trichophyton schoenleinii 2108 Trichophyton simii 2109 Trichophyton tonsurans 2110 Trichophyton verrucosum 2111 Trichophyton violaceum 2112 Trichosporon asahii 2113 Trichosporon beigelii 2114 Trichosporon inkin 2115 Trichosporon mucoides 2116 Trichosporon ovoides 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM78
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 79
‡™◊ÈÕæ“√“ ‘µ°àÕ‚√§„π§π·≈– —µ«å
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM79
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß80
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë ™◊ËÕ
°ÿ≈(genus)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å
™π‘¥(species)
1 Pathogenic free living Acanthamoeba castellani 2amoeba
2 Pathogenic free living Acanthamoeba spp. 2amoeba
3 Babesia Babesia divergens 2 24 Babesia Babesia microti 2 25 Babesia Babesia spp. 2 26 Balantidium Balantidium coli 27 Balantidium Balantidium spp. 28 Cyclospora Cyclospora cayetanensis 29 Cryptosporidium Cryptosporidium parvum 210 Cryptosporidium Cryptosporidium spp. 211 Entamoeba Entamoeba histolytica 212 Entamoeba Entamoeba spp. 213 Giardia Giardia lamblia 214 Isospora Isospora belli 215 Isospora Isospora spp. 216 Leishmania Leishmania braziliensis 217 Leishmania Leishmania donovani 218 Leishmania Leishmania ethiopica 219 Leishmania Leishmania major 220 Leishmania Leishmania mexicana 221 Leishmania Leishmania peruviana 222 Leishmania Leishmania tropica 223 Microsporidium Microsporidium spp. 224 Pathogenic free living Naegleria fowleri 2
amoeba25 Plasmodium Plasmodium falciparum 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM80
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 81
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë ™◊ËÕ
°ÿ≈(genus)
√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
§π —µ«å
™π‘¥(species)
26 Plasmodium Plasmodium malariae 227 Plasmodium Plasmodium ovalae 228 Plasmodium Plasmodium vivax 229 Sarcocystis Sarcocystis suihominis 230 Toxoplasma Toxoplasma gondii 231 Trichomonas Trichomonas vaginalis 232 Trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei gambiense 233 Trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei 2
rhodesiense34 Trypanosome Trypanosoma cruzi 2
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM81
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß82
1. World Health Organization. 2004. çLaboratory Biosafety Manualé. 3rdEdition. WHO, Geneva.http://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/biosafety/WHO_CDS_CSR_LYO_2004_11/en/index.html
2. Australian/new Zealand Standard AS/NZS 2243.3:2002. Safety inlaboratories Part 3: Microbiological aspects and containment facilities.www.standards.com.au and www.standards.com.nz
3. AG Common Control List. List of Biological Agents for Export Control.April 2005http://www.australiagroup.net/en/control_list/bio_agents.htm
4. Canada. Minister of Health Population and Public Health Branch.Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response. 2004. çLaboratoryBiosafety Guidelinesé. 3rd Edition http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/lbg-ldmbl-04/index.html2.
5. European Union. 2000. Directive 2000/54/EC of the EuropeanParliament and of the Council of 18 September 2000 on theprotection of workers from risks related to exposure to biologicalagents at work. (seventh individual directive within the meaningof Article 16 (1) of Directive 89/391/EC Official Journal of theEuropean Communities L262/21. October 17, 2000.
6. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for DiseaseControl and Prevent, and National Institute of Health. 2004. Biosafetyin Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories. U.S. GovernmentPrinting Office, Washingtonhttp://www.cdc.gov/od/ohs/biosfty/bmbl4/bmbl4toc.htm ( 5th edition).
‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM82
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 83
„πªí®®ÿ∫—π°“√»÷°…“√–¥—∫™’«‚¡‡≈°ÿ≈¥â“πÕπÿ°√¡«‘∏“π‰¥â¡’§«“¡
°â“«ÀπⓉª¡“° ª√–°Õ∫°—∫°“√æ∫‡™◊ÈÕ™π‘¥„À¡à ∑”„Àâ¡’°“√µ—Èß™’ËÕ‡™◊ÈÕ∑’Ë
æ∫„À¡à√«¡∂÷ß°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß™◊ËÕ‡™◊ÈÕ‡¥‘¡∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿà‡ªìπ™◊ËÕ„À¡à ¥—ßπ—Èπ√“¬™◊ËÕ
∑’Ë¡’„π‡Õ° “√π’ȵâÕß¡’°“√ª√—∫ª√ÿß„Àâ∑—π ¡—¬Õ¬Ÿà‡ ¡Õ §≥–ºŸâ®—¥®÷ß∑”
√“¬™◊ËÕ‡™◊ÈÕ∑’Ë¡’°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë¡’™◊ËÕ‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡À≈—ß®“°°“√µ’æ‘¡æ剫â
„π¿“§ºπ«°π’È ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ¡’√“¬™◊ËÕ‡™◊ÈÕ∑’˵âÕߧ«∫§ÿ¡µ“¡ æ.√.∫.‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§·≈–
æ‘…®“° —µ«å æ.». 2525 ·≈–∑’Ë·°â‰¢‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ §√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡∑ÿ°™◊ËÕ ·≈–À“°
¡’°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ™◊ËÕ„À¡àÀ√◊Õ¡’™◊ËÕ‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡®–‡æ‘Ë¡™◊ËÕÕ’°„π‚Õ°“ µàÕ‰ª
¿“§ºπ«°
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
™◊ËÕ °ÿ≈ ·≈–™π‘¥ ™◊ËÕ‡À¡◊Õπ
1186 Salmonella arizonae Salmonella choleraesuis subsp. arizonae1187 Salmonella bongori Salmonella choleraesuis subsp. bongori
Salmonella enterica subsp.bongori1188 Salmonella choleraesuis subsp. arizonae Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae1189 Salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica1190 Salmonella choleraesuis subsp. diarizonae Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae1191 Salmonella choleraesuis subsp. houtenae Salmonella enterica subsp. houtenae1192 Salmonella choleraesuis subsp. indica Salmonella enterica subsp. indica1193 Salmonella choleraesuis subsp. salamae Salmonella enterica subsp. salamae1194 Salmonella choleraesuis subsp. bongori Salmonella bongori
Salmonella enterica subsp.bongori1195 Salmonella enteritidis Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM83
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß84
≈”¥—∫∑’Ë
™◊ËÕ °ÿ≈ ·≈–™π‘¥ ™◊ËÕ‡À¡◊Õπ
1196 Salmonella typhi Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica1197 Salmonella typhimurium Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica1216 Shigella biogroup A Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella subgroup A1217 Shigella biogroup B Shigella flexneri, Shigella subgroup B1218 Shigella biogroup C Shigella boydii, Shigella subgroup C1219 Shigella biogroup D Shigella sonnei, Shigella subgroup D1220 Shigella boydii Shigella subgroup C, Shigella biogroup C1221 Shigella dysenteriae Shigella subgroup A, Shigella biogroup A1222 Shigella flexneri Shigella subgroup B, Shigella biogroup B1223 Shigella sonnei Shigella subgroup D, Shigella biogroup D
‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ Salmonella choleraesuis Salmonella enterica‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ Salmonella paratyphi Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM84
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 85
Àπ—ß ◊Õ¢âÕ·π–π”°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬßπ’È ”‡√Á®‰¥â
¥â«¬§«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ®“°§≥–∑”ß“π„π°√¡«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å°“√·æ∑¬å §≥–
∑”ß“π®“° ∂“∫—π ÿ¢¿“æ —µ«å·Ààß™“µ‘ °√¡ª»ÿ —µ«å ∑’Ë„À⧫“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ
¥â«¬¥’µ≈Õ¥¡“ ·≈–Õÿ∑‘»‡«≈“„π°“√√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈®π∑”„ÀâÀπ—ß ◊Õ¡’
§«“¡ ¡∫Ÿ√≥å πÕ°®“°π’È¢Õ¢Õ∫§ÿ≥ºŸâ∫√‘À“√°√¡«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å°“√·æ∑¬å
‰¥â·°à Õ∏‘∫¥’°√¡«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å°“√·æ∑¬å √ÕßÕ∏‘∫¥’ ºŸâÕ”π«¬°“√ ∂“∫—π
ºŸâÕ”π«¬°“√°Õß·≈–§≥–∑”ß“π‡æ◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“·≈–¥”‡π‘π°“√„À⇪ìπ‰ªµ“¡
æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—µ‘‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§·≈–æ‘…®“° —µ«å ∑’Ë„À⧔·π–π”·≈–„Àâ°“√ π—∫ πÿπ
„π∑ÿ°∑“ß®π∑”„Àâ°“√¥”‡π‘𠔇√Á®≈ÿ≈à«ßµ“¡«—µ∂ÿª√– ߧå∑’Ë«“߉«â ·≈–
¢Õ¢Õ∫§ÿ≥·æ∑¬åÀ≠‘ß¡≈. √—µπ ÿ¥“ æ—π∏ÿåÕÿ‰√ ·≈–§≥–°√√¡°“√ „πªï
æ.». 2538 ´÷Ë߇ªìπºŸâ√‘‡√‘Ë¡°“√®—¥∑”¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß
°‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“»
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM85
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß86
1. π“ß¡¬ÿ√“ °ÿ ÿ¡¿å ª√–∏“π§≥–∑”ß“π
2. π“ß “«®ÿ‰√√—µπå √ÿàß‚√®π“√—°…å √Õߪ√–∏“π§≥–∑”ß“π
3. π“߇¬“«¿“ æß…å ÿ«√√≥ §≥–∑”ß“π
4. π“ß “«≥—Æ∞’«√√≥ ªÿÉπ«—π §≥–∑”ß“π
5. π“¬æŸ≈»—°¥‘Ï æ√À¡ ÿ«√√≥»‘√‘ §≥–∑”ß“π
6. π“ß ÿ«√√≥“ ‡∏’¬√Õ—ß°Ÿ√ §≥–∑”ß“π
7. π“ß ÿ¿“æ√ ¿Ÿ¡‘Õ¡√ §≥–∑”ß“π
8. π“ßÕ“√≠“ ¿—∑√¡“≈—¬æß…å §≥–∑”ß“π
9. 𓬫—≤πæß»å «ÿ∑∏“ §≥–∑”ß“π
10. 𓬰“√—≥¬å ÿ∑∏‘«√“¥¡ §≥–∑”ß“π
11. —µ«·æ∑¬åÀ≠‘ßæ—™√’ ∑Õߧ”§Ÿ≥ §≥–∑”ß“π
12. π“ß ÿ√“ß§å ‡¥™»‘√‘‡≈‘» §≥–∑”ß“π·≈–‡≈¢“πÿ°“√
13. π“ß “«»‘√‘æ√ ®—π∑πå‚√®πå §≥–∑”ß“π
·≈–ºŸâ™à«¬‡≈¢“πÿ°“√
√“¬™◊ËÕ§≥–∑”ß“π®—¥∑”∫—≠™’√“¬™◊ËÕ‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM86
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 87
∫—π∑÷°
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM87
°“√¥Ÿ·≈‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡‡ ’ˬß88
∫—π∑÷°
art-ok 11/2/08, 12:25 PM88