which psychological disorder?
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Which psychological disorder?. If depression is the common cold of psychological disorders, chronic ___ is the cancer. Nearly 1 in 100 people will develop ___, joining the estimated 24 million across the world who suffer one of humanity’s most dreaded disorder ( WHO). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
If depression is the common cold of psychological disorders, chronic ___ is the cancer.
Nearly 1 in 100 people will develop ___, joining the estimated 24 million across the world who suffer one of humanity’s most dreaded disor-der (WHO).
Which psychological disor-der?
August Natterer (German artists)’s Witch’s Head
Louis Wain
•Conventional, naturalistic •Vibrant, erratic
SchizophreniaAPA: n. a psychological disorder characterized by disturbances in thinking(cognition), emo-tional responsiveness, and behavior.
DSIM-IV-TR: a disorder that lasts for at least 6 months and includes at least 1 month of active-phase symptoms (two [or more] of the follow-ing: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized or catatonic be-havior, negative symptoms)
A. Characteristic Symptoms: two (or more) of the following, each present for a significant portion of time during a 1-month period (or less if successfully treated):
(1) delusions (2) hallucinations (3) disorganized speech (4) grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior (5) negative symptoms
Diagnostic CriteriaPo
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Positive Symptoms1. Delusions
Erroneous beliefs that involve a misinterpretation of perceptions/experiences
Themes: persecutory, referential…
2. Hallucinations Distortions in perception (auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory,
tactile) Not consider normal / religious experiences in certain cultural
contexts3. Disorganized Thinking ★★★★★
Distortions in thought and language processes Derailment/tangentiality/incoherence
4. Grossly disorganized behavior Distortions in self-monitoring of behavior
5. Catatonic motor behaviors A decrease in reactivity to the environment
Negative Symptoms
1. Affective flattening Restrictions in the range / intensity of emotional ex-
pression Facial expression, eye contact, body language
2. Alogia Restrictions in the fluency / productivity of thought and
speech Brief replies, unwillingness to speak
3. Avolition Restrictions in the initiation of goal-directed behavior Little interest in participating in work /social activi-
ties
B. Social/occupational dysfunction:
one or more major ar-eas of functioning (work, interpersonal relations, or self-care) are markedly below the level achieved prior to the onset
Education, work, mar-riage, social contacts
C. Duration:
Continuous signs of the disturbance persist for at least 6 months. Must include at least 1 month of symptoms.
D. Schizoaffective and mood disorder exclusion:b/c either (1) no Major Depressive, Manic, or Mixed Episodes have occurred concurrently with the active-phase symptoms, or (2) if mood episodes have occurred during ac-tive-phase symptoms, their total duration has been brief rel-ative to the duration of the active-phase symptoms.
E. Substance/general medical condition exclu-sion: the disturbance is NOT b/c direct physiological effects of a substance or a general medical condition.
F. Relationship to a pervasive developmental disorder: if there is a history of Autistic Disorder or another Perva-sive Developmental Disorder, the additional diagnosis of Schizophrenia is only if prominent delusions or hallucina-tions are also present for at least 1 month (or less if suc-cessfully treated).
1. Paranoid A preoccupation w/ delusions or hallucinations Unless the Catatonic or Disorganized Type is present
2. Disorganized Disorganized speech, disorganized behavior (NO Cata-
tonic Type present)
3. Catatonic Motoric immobility, excessive motor activity/nega-
tivism, peculiarities of voluntary movement
4. Undifferentiated Criterion A + No Paranoid/Disorganized/Cataonic Type
5. Residual Continuing evidence of the disturbance, but the crite-
ria for the active-phase symptoms are no longer met.
Subtypes Dr. Cup
Brain Abnormalities1. Dopamine overactivity2. Abnormal brain activity: frontal lobe, thalamus,
amygdala3. Materal virus during midpregancy Genetic Factors1. Identical twins / adoption studies2. Specific genes: dopamine, neurotransmitters, myelin3. Nutritional /oxygen deprivation at brith Psychological Factors1. Social support, family problem-solving
“refrigerator mothers”
The Etiology – WHY?
General: adults 0.5%~1.5%, urban-born Age: late teens~the mid 30s Culture
Cultural differences (hallucinations, disorganized speech)
Overdiagnose certain ethnic groups Gender
Male: higher incidenceMedian age of 1st episode: mid 20s(M), late 20s (F)
Age, Culture, Gender
Cognitive-behavioral therapy Needs-based supportive therapy Supportive society, family, school Healthy life (exercise)
Possible Preventions?
Conservatorship Formal diagnosis at UCLA Medical Center Was hospitalized for psychiatric evaluation after set-
ting fire in Californian neighborhood
A CASE STUDY of a Celebrity
1. A false belief that a person believes that he is being watched or tor-mented by others is known as a:
① Delusion of reference② Persecutory delusion③ Religious delusion④ Somatic delusion⑤ Grandiose delusion
MCQ
2. The most common type of hallucina-tion is:
① Olfactory② Visual③ Auditory④ Tactile⑤ Somatic
MCQ
3. Which of the following is NOT a positive symptom of schizophrenia?
① Delusions② Hallucinations③ Disorganized speech④ Alogia⑤ Catatonic motor speech
MCQ
4. Which of the following is NOT a subtype of schizophrenia?
① Undifferentiated② Active③ Residual④ Disorganized⑤ Paranoid
MCQ
5. People with schizophrenia who have poverty of speech, inability to express their emotion and initiate a goal are said to be experiencing ______symptoms
① Positive② Negative③ Extrusive④ Intrusive⑤ Residual
MCQ
Schizophrenia is a psychological disorder that results in serious forms of suffering. Hence, psychologists have worked to iden-tify its nature and origins.
1. Identify three characteristic symptoms that are primarily used to diagnose schizophrenia.
2. Discuss possible etiology for schizophre-nia.
AP Style FRQ
Amanda bynes' secret twitter account reveals possible schizophrenia symptoms & violent threats!. (2013, 10 1). Perezhilton. Retrieved from http://perezhilton.com/2013-06-05-amanda-bynes-secret-twitter-account-reveals-schizophrenia-symptoms/
American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Au-thor.
American Psychological Association. (2007). APA dictionary of psychol-ogy. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Helicon. (2013, March 1). Re: Louis Wain: the effects of schizophrenia on the perception of the artist [Web log comment]. Retrieved from http://heliconbristol.blogspot.kr/2013/03/louis-wain-effects-of-schizophrenia-on.html
Mash, Eric. J., & Barkley Russell A. (Eds.). (2003). Child psychopathol-ogy. New York: The Guilford Press.
Myers, D.G. (2010). Psychology.(9th ed). New York: Worth publishers.Smith, M. (2013, 10 2). Amanda bynes new diagnosis bipolar disorder
and schizophrenia. Las Vegas Guardian Express. Retrieved from http://guardianlv.com/2013/10/amanda-bynes-new-diagnosis-bipolar-disorder-and-schizophrenia/
Bibliography