111.1 11.2 31.3 41.3.1 DC-AC41.3.2 AC-DC51.3.3 DC-DC51.3.4 AC-AC61.3.5 61.4 71.4.1 71.4.2 71.4.3 71.4.4 81.4.5 101.4.6 111.4.7 111.4.8 121.5 121.5.1 121.5.2 131.6 141.7 161.7.1 161.7.2 171.7.3 171.7.4 18

1

1

1

Power ElectronicsPower Electronics Technology 15% 85% Modern Power Electronics High Voltage DC Transmission 1.1

12V 3.3V 1-1a

1

10

1R2 R1 R2

3.312

R1 1K

R2 0.3793K

RS

R1R2 R1 R2

0.275K

1-1b 3.3V VO 3.3 275IO IO 12 mA 100%

V2S

104mW

R1 R2 5 mA PO VO iIO 9.6mW 1.925V R1

VO

R2 5 10.07mA R1 101 mW R2 9.7mW 110.7 mW

7.9% 0-1c R1 R2 Vb RL 0-1b,

IoRsR1R1 Vs12VVo Vs12VIoR2+Vs-RLR2Vo(c)(b)(a)

1-1

R R

// R1 // R2 rbe

1-1

SL1 1

Ploss (VS VO )IO

1-2

4

13 1-2 GTRPOWE MOSFETSCR IGBT

vo

VsVot

onoffLVs+ CVo-(a)(b) 1-2

1.2

1)2)3)4)5) 6) 12KV 7)( 4-6KA) 8) 3 di dt

1.3

IsIoVoVsVc(a)dcacac Rectification Conversion ac control Inversiondc 1-3 L, R C

VC SCR DC-AC AC-DC DC-DC AC-AC

1-3

DC-ACAC-DC dc-dcac-dc

1.3.1 DC-AC

(Inverter)

vo(t)

t

Vs

s1onoffloada Vss2+ bVo(t)Vss3- c[Neutral]120120120t(a)(b) 1-4 dc-ac 1-4a

1-4b 120 120 DC-AC DC-AC UPS 50Hz 1MHz DC-AC 6

1.3.2 AC-DC

VssinwctVs sin c tLD+C+(a)Vs sin c tvo(t)Vo--t0T/2vo(t)Vs0TonoffLVo+C+t(b)Tvo(t)VoV sin t--scturn-offturn-onRectifier 1-5a(b) 1-5a

vo(t)

Vs

Vo

VssinwctVs sin ct 1-5 LC 1-5b LC AC-DC 4

1.3.3 DC-DC

DC-DC 1-1 DC-DC DC-DC DC-AC AC-DC AC AC DC 1-6

DC-DC 5

1.3.4 AC-AC

n:1+-DC-ACVsAC-DC+Vo 1-6 dc-dc

AC-AC AC-AC

VssinwctVssinwctCyclo-convweter

onoffvo(t)tTloadVsVs sin(ct)+0Vo(t)-Vs sin(ct)DC-Link CAC-DC DC-ACVo sin(ot)

VssinwctVosinwotonvo(t)loadVs sin(ct)offVst+Vo(t)0T-Vs sin(ct)DC-LinkAC-DCCDC-ACVo sin(ot)VssinwctVosinwot 1-7 AC-AC DC-Link AC-AC AC-AC 1-7 AC-AC ac-dc dc-ac AC-AC DC-Link ac-ac VAR 7

1.3.5

8

1.4

1.4.1

v i R

1-3

HB B H skineffect

1.4.2

v L diL

i I

01

tv dt

1-4

LdtIL 0

LLL 0 L

dt

diL

v L 0

dtL

1-5

dt

1.4.3

i

C dvC

v V

01

ti dt

CdtVC 0

CCC 0 c

1-6

Is 1-6

v V

01

ti dt V

0Is t

CCC 0 cCC

dt

dvC

iC 0

dtC

1-7

dt

1.4.4

1 1-8

ZsVs+-Zsa voltage sousea current souseis+s v-vs (t) is (t) ZS vt t vS t ZSiS t 1-8

1-8

it t iS

t vS t ZS

1-9

2 dc voltage source

1 24V 20A 20KHz 1% l R

IsL Vs 20KHz 1

I V

24 20 R 1.2

sRR1.2 116

I 0.01Is T f

50 10 s20000

V L di L Is

L Is

sdt

tT6

L Vs iTIs

24 50 100.0120

6000 106 H 6mH

ac voltage source vS t VS VSn sin nSt n n1

S2TS

1-10

2VSnn1S TS t VS nS n harmonic,root-mean-square

SSV V

1-11

V 2

SPS

V 2n1SnR2VS

RR1-12

ANB CYABC 2p

p 2

3 120o

neutral ,the common, Y 1-9 220V 380Vrms 50Hz 120V 220Vrms60Hz 120V 220Vrms50Hz

1.4.5

(on) iSW vSW

1-9

(off) iSW

vSW

vc bidirectional switchon-state bipolar switchoff-stateunidirectionalunipolar Silicon Controlled Rectifier : SCR vc self-triggered or self-controlled switchuncontrolled switch BJTPower Bipolar Junction Transistor SCRSilicon Controlled Rectifier: GTOGate-Turn-OFF Thyristor MOSFETMetal-Oxide Silicon Field Effect Transistor IGBTInsulated Gate Bipolar TransistorMOS Mos Controlled Thyristor SCRGTO MCT BJTMOSFET IGBT

1.4.6

1-10

i1i2N1N2v1v2 1-10

dvi Nidt

i 1, 2

1-13

i i vi i Ni i

dv1

v2

1-14

dtN1N2v1i1 v2i2

1-15

1-14 1-15 2

v Ni v

Z j N j

: i j

1-16

NZijjiNi

1.4.7

1

LoIoRLVoRLac Voltage SinkVoIodc Current Sinkac Current Sinkdc Voltage Sink+Vo-+Co2 3 4 dc current sink dc current souce

1-11

1-11

5 dc current sink 1-11 +-6 7 2

1.4.8

IC DSP 23 DSP CMOS ( 2 32 10 ) DSP DSP CPU FIFO DSP DSP DSP ( Matlab ) DSP DSP 10

1.5

1.5.1

di dt free-wheeling diodesteady-state condition

t0 T

vL dt 0

1-17

t0

v L di vL dt di i t T i

t 1

t0 Tv dt 0

LL0

L0t

L1-18

dtLL 0

iL t0 T iL t0

1-19

E

dE P i v

i L diL

dtLLLdt

1-20

L L 1-20

iLE i

Ldi

1 Li 2 1 Li 2 0

iL0

LL2L2L

1-21

iL 0 iL

1.5.2

dv dt steady-state condition

t0 T

iC dt 0

1-22

t0vL t0 T vL t0

1-23

E

dE P v i

v C dvc

dtC CCdt

1-24

C

1-24

vCE

v Cdv

1 Cv

2 1 Cv

2 0

vC0

cC2C2C

1-25

vC 0 vC

1.6

turning onturning off :transient phasesteady-state phase : Inrush current surge forward transfer characteristic

Tvv

vo T

viis

io is

reflective characteristic

Rvv

vs R

viio

is io

averageV 1 T v t dt

T 0

1-26

rms (root-mean-square)

1TTv2 t dt0V

peak-peak ripple

1-27

lowest undesired harmonic frequency DC-AC THDtotal harmonic distortion

I 2 I 2SS1I 2STHD

S S1

1-28

power factor cos

AC/DC PF Power Factor

P S

PF P S

P VRMS I RMS

1-29

P

S

VRMS I RMS IRMS1

P VRMS IRMS1 cos1

1-30

1 cos1 DPFdisplacement power factor DPF

DPF =1

PF P

1PVRMS IRMS1 cos1 IRMS1 cos

SVRMS IRMS

VRMS IRMS

IRMS

1-31

IRMS1

IRMS

IRMS1222IRMS1 IRMS 2 IRMS 3

IRMS1I 2RMSnn 1DF IRMS1 IRMS

1-32

IRMS1 IRMS IRMS 2 IRMS 3 2 3

PF DPF DF

1-33

crest factor

1.7

1.7.1

surge voltage protectionselenium diode MOVmetal oxide varistors MOV

1.7.2

protection against excessive current fuse

1.7.3 protection of switching device dv dt di dt snubber circuit

ILLsCUsIISCCsVTVDsVD dv dt di dt dv dt dv dt di dt

di dt 1-12 Ls Cs Rs VDs Ls

IL Cs Rs

VDs Uce

MRs

1-12

VT Ic Is Cs VDs

IL Ic

t

I I

1-34

cL 1

toff

Cs

I I

I It

1-35

sLcL

toff

Cs

U1

tI dt

ILt 2

1-36

csC 0 s

2C t

ss off

t toff VT Ucs Us

I t U L offs2C

1-37

s

Cs

I t C L offs2U

1-38

s-IL IC toff

Uce Ucs

2Cs IL

1-39

1-12 VT Ls Cs Us Ls

1.7.4

over-voltage protection

1 10A 1KHz 1uF 1

10A1KHzC1uF 1

2 300V 1KHz 300uH 2

L300uH300V1KHz

3 4

2

5 6 7 8 9 10 12V 29us 12

5A4At051015182429 us 10

11

12 R, C, D di dt

u220V

13 14 15 16 24V 10A 20KHz 1%

i5A

/3

11

17 18 3 19