1

——Communication between cultures

组长：谢颖 组员：林翠琪 周园妮

李燕妮 林曼 何静心 赖文璐 陈丹玲 唐诗洋

Nonverbal Communication

2

• Good communication is the foundation of successful relationships, both personally and professionally. But we communicate with much more than words. In fact, research shows that the majority of our communication is nonverbal. Nonverbal communication, or body language, includes our facial expressions, gestures, eye contact, posture, and even the tone of our voice.

3

Nonverbal Communication Skills

facial expressions postures

4

facial expressionsTraditional dress

5

The power of nonverbal communication and body language

非语言沟通的力量和身体语言 • Nonverbal communication, or body

language, is a vital form of communication. When we interact with others, we continuously give and receive countless wordless signals. All of our nonverbal behaviors—the gestures we make, the way we sit, how fast or how loud we talk, how close we stand, how much eye contact we make—send strong messages.

6

• The way you listen, look, move, and react tell the other person whether or not you care and how well you’re listening. The nonverbal signals you send either produce a sense of interest, trust, and desire for connection—or they generate disinterest, distrust, and confusion.

7

About Gestures • Introduction

Without gestures, our world would be static and colorless. The social anthropologist Edward T. Hall claims 60 percent of all our communication is nonverbal.

As many of us cross over cultural borders, it would be fitting for us to respect, learn, and understand more about the effective, yet powerful "silent language" of gestures.

In that case, how can we possibly communicate with one another without gestures?

8

Gestures and body language communicate as effectively as words-

maybe even more effectively. We use gestures daily, almost instinctively, from beckoning to a waiter, or punctuating a business presentation with visual signals to airport ground attendants guiding an airline pilot into the jet way or a parent using a whole dictionary of gestures to teach (or preach to) a child.

In recent years, Western and contemporary values and ideas have become more popular and has either influenced, altered, and even replaced, some of the more traditional gestures, understanding human behavior is tricky stuff.

No two people behave in precisely the same way. Nor do people from the same culture all perform exactly the same gestures and body language uniformly. For almost any gestures there will probably be a minority within a given nationality who might say "Well, some might attach that meaning to it, but to me it means..." and then they will provide a different interpretation.

.

9

Common Asian Gestures 常见的亚洲手势– GREETINGS GESTURES

» Handshaking » Bowing » Avoid direct eye contact

– BEKONING GESTURES » To beckon someone, the palm faces downward and

the fingers are moved in a scratching motion. » Avoid using fingers in pointing to an object.

– TOUCHING GESTURES » Not touch oriented societies » Avoid public display of affection

10

– OTHER NON VERBAL GESTURES » Respect to elderly people » Smiling often can cover a gamut of emotions: happiness,

anger, confusion, apologies , or sadness. » Displaying an open mouth (such as yawning or a wide-

open laugh) is considered rude, especially with women who cover their mouths when giggling or laughing.

» Try to maintain a balanced posture, stand or sit erectly or squarely. Don't slouch or put on the ground with arms in the lap or on the armrest. Crossing the legs at the knees or ankles is the preferred form rather than with one ankle over the other knee.

» Silience (listening) is a sign of politeness and of contemplation. During conversations, be especially careful about interrupting.

11

American Gestures美国手势

COMMON GESTURES

• Americans are a not touch (touch/not touch)oriented.

• In normal social situations, Americans generally stand about 30 inches apart from one another, which is also considered their personal "comfort zone."

• American children are taught to look others directly in the eyes. When greeting and conversing. If not, means shyness or weakness.

12

QUESTION:In the video A World of Gestures, people from all over the world demonstrate the remarkable diversity of international gestures. Can you guess the meaning of this Japanese gesture? a. I'm scared like a bunnyb. I've been hearing things about youc. I'm angry

13

• C. I'm angry is the correct answer. • International differences in gestures are

remarkable, and these differences are the focus of A World of Gestures. In this still from the video, a Japanese woman demonstrates the gesture for 'I'm angry.' As the video A World of Gestures immediately demonstrates, there is no 'international language' of gestures. Instead, cultures have developed systems of unique gestures, and it is almost never possible for us to understand intuitively the gestures from another culture.

14

QUESTION:In A World of Gestures, this woman from France demonstrates this gesture. Can you try to guess what this French gesture means? a. I don't believe youb. I wish I hadn't seen thatc. I am looking at a very handsome man

15

• A .I don't believe you is the correct answer. • The number of unique international gestures is

astonishing, and the video A World of Gestures guides the viewer through this fascinating terrain. Despite the growth of international communications media, unique gestures -- such as this French gesture for 'I don't believe you' are alive and going strong.

16

QUESTION:In A World of Gestures, we see this gesture performed by a woman from Iran. Can you guess what this Iranian gesture means? a. Good luck to youb. You will always be number one for mec. “Screw You” (obscene) ( 下流的、淫秽的 )

17

• C."Screw you" is the correct answer. • This gesture teaches an extremely important lesson.

This gesture is identical to the American/English gesture for 'Good Luck to you.' But it is an obscene gesture, and an American traveling in Iran would outrage people there if the American performed this gesture. In A World of Gestures, the viewer learns that we cannot assume that we know what a gesture means, even if it looks familiar to us. For this reason, when in another culture or society, we should never 'mirror' a gesture that someone presents to us--without knowing it, we could be deeply offending that person and inviting conflict.

18

Humans use nonverbal communication because ；• 1. Words have limitations.

• 2. Nonverbal signal are powerful.

• 3. Nonverbal message are likely to be more genuine.

• 4. Nonverbal signals can express feelings inappropriate to state.

• 5. A separate communication channel is necessary to help send complex messages.

19

That’s all.

Thank you!