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QUESTION BANK 

DAA 403 History of Architecture I Dip. In

Architecture Assistntship !0"#$"% &re'its( 3

UNIT "( THE BE)INNIN)S O* A+&HITE&TU+E

1. a. Why do we study the history of architecture?b. What does the term “prehistory” mean and when

did prehistoric architecture begin?c. Give a brief description of man’s achievements

during the Paleolithic !esolithic and "eolithicperiods.

#. a. What are the factors that in$uence the type of

architecture a particular society creates? b.

%escribe how these factors in$uenced prehistoric

structures. c.

%escribe with s&etches the following Prehistoric'tructures(

i. !onolithsii. %olmensiii. )umuliiv. *a&e %wellings

+. %escribe "eolithic ,rchitecture with speci-c

reference to the following aspects(

a. 'ocio/ultural 'cenariob.0uilding !aterialc. *ocation and %esign

%uring what period did the Great 2ndus 3alley /ivili4ation$ourish and why is this civili4ation called “Great”?

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5.Give a detailed description of the following aspects of the2ndus 3alley /ivili4ation(

a. physical characteristics

b. historyc. economy

  d. culture

6. . Why are the civili4ations of the 2ndus 3alley consideredarchitecturally advanced?78plain through a detaileddescription of the following aspects of the 2ndus 3alley/ivili4ation(

  a. resources  b. architecture  c. town planning

9. a. What are the causes for the decline of the 2ndus3alley /ivili4ation?

 b. Give a detailed description Post:arrapan /ivili4ationotherwise &nown as the /lassical /ivili4ation of,ncient 2ndia along with a timeline of developmentfrom Pre:arappan through to :induism.

;. a. What was the distinctive style of,rchitecture which developed due to thee8pansion of 0uddhism?

b.Give a detailed description of the following withe8amples(

i. 'tupas

ii. 3iharasiii. /haityas

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1=. a.What are 3ihara’s and where are

they most abundantly found?

b.%raw a plan showing the layout of a

typical 3ihara.c.Give brief descriptions of the ,>anta and

7llora vihara’s.

11.a. What are /haityas? %escribe the -rst prototype

/haitya found in 2ndia.

 b. Give a detailed description with drawings of any one of

the following /haityas(

• ,>anta• 7llora

1# %e-ne the following architectural terms associated with

0uddhist and :indu structures(

 )hatch inial @elief 

/anopies:armyas'tone roll cornice 7aves 7nshrining

'pire Pavillions ,edicules

3erandah /ollonade

/lerestory 2conicA2con "ave

/ollonade

aBade 3ault 0arrel 3ault

Pediment

Gables %ormers /orinthian )orana’s

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1+. a. )hrough s&etches give a description of traditional

temple layouts. Give descriptions of all the parts of a

:indu )empleC 'hrine Dagati,ntarala !andapa

'hi&araA3imana Emli&a Gopuram ErushringaPra&arasF

1. a. 7laborate on the 'culptural character of a :indu

 )emple. Why is it important to understand when we

attempt to analy4e the structural aspect of :indu

 )emple ,rchitecture.

b. What is the importance of the aedicule’ in the

composition of the )emple.

15. a. %escribe and ma&e s&etches of the following type of

temples(

 "agara temples giving plan and elevation of any

one(i. *atina

ii. 3alabh2

iii. 'he&hari

iv. 0humi>2

%ravida style ma&e a s&etch of a shala topped alpavimana’.

UNIT !( E),-T /EST ASIATI&

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16. a. What are the four distinct periods of great

architectural activity in 7gyptian history?

b. 2n what period were the Great Pyramids built and

why are they considered “the grandest and oldestmonuments of 7gyptian s&ill”?

c. What was the purpose of building them the

material and method by which they were built.

d. Give a detailed description of the Pyramid of

'uphis otherwise &nown as the Great Pyramid.

19. a. Give a brief description of the characteristic

features of the tombs built by private persons.

b. What was the signi-cant architectural development

which occurred in !iddle 7gypt during the rule

of 0eni :assan? Give a description with s&etches

of the )omb of 0eni :assan.

1;. Why are the temples at Harna& and *u8orconsidered the -nest and most magni-cent

temples ever erected?

e. Give a description with illustrations of !ammisi

at 7dfou.

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  c. What is an obelis&’? %escribe their form how

they were built and for what purpose they were

used.

#=. Give a general analysis of 7gyptian 0uildings bydiscussing the following points(

a. Plans

b. Walls

c. @oofs

d. Jpenings

e. /olumns

f. Jrnament

g. ,rchitectural /haracter

#1. a. Where is the ertile /rescent and which

countries fall in the geographic area &nown as theWest ,siatic’ or )he ,ncient "ear 7ast”?

b. %escribe the chronological development of the

'umarian 0abylonian ,ssayrian and Persian

Hingdoms.

c. What were their social characteristics and beliefs?

##. What are the characteristics of 'umerian,rchitecture? %escribe with the help of s&etches the

White )emple of Eru& and the Great Kiggurat Er.

#+. Why is !esopotamia &nown as “)he /radle of

/ivili4ation”?

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#. Give a description of ,ssyrian architecture and

0abylonian architecture by describing Hhorsabad

 )he /ity of 0abylon and 2shtar Gate.

#5. 0y describing the Palace of Perspolis e8plain howPersian’s achieved greatness with their architectural

solutions.

#6. Give a general description of the architectural

characteristics of the ,ncient "ear 7ast by describing

the following(

i. 0uilding )ypes

ii. !aterials /onstruction L )echnology

iii. Principles of ,rchitectural Jrgani4ation

UNIT 3( )+EEK ET+US&IAN +O1AN

#9. :ow and when did the Gree& /ivili4ation develop?

Give a description of the geographical area and a

description of !inoan and !ycenaean art and

architecture.

#;. )he Gree& /ivili4ation is virtually &nown to be the

parent of Western and 7uropean culture. 78plain

this by describing the following (

i. *anguageii. Governmentiii.'cienceiv. Philosophyv.@eligion L !ythology

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vi. Pottery L ,rt#

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b.Wallsc. @oofsd.Jpeningse. /olumns

f. Jrnamentg. ,rchitectural /haracter

+6. Giving a historical s&etch of the origin anddevelopment of 7truscian cities describe thecharacter of their building techniMues and how the7truscians e8hibited a high degree of civili4ationthrough their architectural s&ill.

+9. What was the great change in building activityduring the @oman 2mperial @ule when @omanconMuest and domination spread throughout 7uropeand ,frica.

+;. What were 0asilicas? Give an account of someimportant 0asilicas of @ome and state what theimportance of 0asilicas was for the future of 7arly/hristian ,rchitecture.

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e. /olumnsf. Jrnamentg. ,rchitectural /haracter

UNIT 4( 1EDIE2A A+&HITE&TU+E O* THE /EST(EA+, &H+ISTIAN +O1ANESQUE )OTHI&

O#. a. Give a timeline of the ma>or architectural

movements from around +==,% Cthe time that

/hristianity became the legali4ed state religionF till

the #=th /entury.

 b. Give a description of the religious condition with theadvent of Dudaism and the birth of /hrist.

 c. :ow did this in$uence the building activity of the

time?

d. With the use of illustrative s&etches e8pound on the

essential features of the 7arly /hristian 0asillica

O+. )hrough a plan and sectional drawing label anddescribe the features of a Gree& /ross 0asilica.

O. :ow did /onstantines decision to ma&e /hristianity

the state religion profoundly impact the architecture

of the period.

O5. 2n what ways were the '.,pollinaire in /lasse

@avanna C5++5< ,%F and the 'ta./ostan4e @omesigni-cant in the understanding of the 7arly /hristian

0asilica form?

O6. a. When and how did 0y4antine art and architecture

come to its full development?

1=

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  b. :ow does the 'an 3itale @avanna C5#659

,%Fe8emplify the monumental wor& of the irst

Golden ,ge in 0y4antine architecture?

O9. 2n what way is the :agia 'ophia the greatest ofartistic and engineering masterpieces of its age?

O;. )hrough a thorough description prove how 't.

'arin rance demonstrates the way in which

@omenesMue architecture gave way to Gothic

architecture.

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d /apitals

e 'culpture

f ,rchitectural 7mbellishmentO51. 0y the end of the @omanesMue period what were

the engineering changes that made possible and

entirely new style N Gothic?

O5#. Give a thorough description of 't. %enis and the

,bbot 'uger.

O5+. )hrough drawings e8plain how vaults ribbed vaultsand groin vaults wor&.

O5. )hrough drawings e8plain how $ying buttresses

wor&.

UNIT #( ISA1I& A+&HITE&TU+E AD2ENT O*

ISA1 IN INDIA

5. Give a detailed account of the origins andin$uences of 2slamic ,rchitecture by giving a.date

line of signi-cant events from ,braham till the last

!uslim presence in55. Give an analysis of 2slamic 0uilding )ypes describing

a. /limactic adaptationsb. /onstruction techniMuesc. %istinguishing architectural features

56. a. :ow did 2slam advance into 2ndia?

b. Give a description of 2slamic ,rchitecture under

2mperial @ule up till the Hhal>i %ynasty focusing on

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monuments li&e the ,lai %arwa4a Outb!inar

Ouwaat al2slam mosMue )omb of 2ltutmish.

59. a. 2n what way were the )ughluMs proli-c providers of

architecture?

b. What new features did the *odi and 'ur traditions

bring to 2slamic ,rchitecture in 2ndia.

5;.Give an account of the 2ranian and non2slamic sources

that in$uenced and -nally contributed to the

development of the !ughul aesthetics in architecture.

1+