grammar object. the object( 宾语 ) 1. 宾语是及物动词后的一个成分, 表示动...
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GrammarGrammar
Object
The object( 宾语 )
1. 宾语是及物动词后的一个成分 , 表示动作的对象 , 承受者或结果 . 可作宾语的有 :
1. 名词 , 代词 , 数词 . 名词形容词 a. They collected seeds from trees.
b. Would you like something to eat?
c. They fired one-third of their works.
d. We should respect the old .
动词不定式作宾语 I expected to spend the holidays in France.
He refused to accept any physical
limitation.
--ing 形式作宾语 I love going on walks and looking at plants.
They enjoyed sharing their work
experiences.
从句做宾语Do you think advertisements affect
you life in any way?
We seldom realize that many plants
come from countries far away.
2. Two objects
通常为 “间接宾语 + 直接宾语” He doesn't own me anything.
She asked me whether I had been there
before.
I warned you he would be late.
Give me it./Give it to me.
They told us where to shop cheaply.
间接宾语后移 , 间接宾语用 to 或 for 引出 :
They give it to John.
He sold his old car to one of his neighbours.
I have bought some chocolate for you.
Give the dictionary to me, please.
用 to 侧重指动作的方向 , 表示朝着 ,
向着 , 对着某人。用 for 侧重指动作的受益者 , 表示为了某人 , 替某人。常跟双宾语的动词分类总结:
需借助 to 的 : bring, give, lend, hand, of
fer, pass, pay, promise, read, return, se
nd, show, teach, tell, ask, leave, mail, th
row, take, write, 等。需借助 for 的 : build, buy, call, change,
cook, choose, do, draw, envy, fetch, find
, forgive, gain, get, make, order, play (
演奏 ), sing, save, spare, win 等。
e.g. Our teacher explains to us the difficult
points in the unit.
We disclosed to them the secret of our
invention.
They expressed to their teacher their
conviction that the experiment was
true.
The guide is describing the scenic spots
to the tourists.
Some verbs have to be used as set
phrases when followed by two objects.
e.g. He played me a trick.
He played a trick on me.
Won’t you play some folk songs for us?
有时为了形成对照或是为了突出重点 ,
“ 介词 + 间接宾语”也可移到主语的前面去:To his daughter he sent a cheque of $50 b
ut to his sun he sent only a cheap pen.
如果 “介词 + 间接宾语”比直接宾语短 ,
也可以直接放在谓语动词后:He give to his friends much of the time he
should have given to his wife and children.
一些句子中 , “ 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”不能变为“直接宾语 + 介词 + 间接宾语”: He give the door a hard kick.
I never give the matter a thought.
She give him a warm smile.
This heroic deed cost him his life.
Exercises
Fill in the blanks using “to” or “for”.
1) Fifty dollars was advanced __ him
on his salary before the work was
done.
2) You should never serve beef __ a
Hindu.
to
to
3) You’d better do your best but prep
are yourself ___ the worst.
4) I’ll send a postcard __ you while I a
m away on holiday.
5) You come up to the City Hall tonig
ht and I’ll fix things ___you.
for
for
to
1. Can you explain ___________?
A. this
problem to me
B. me this problem
C. to me
problem
D. me problem
Exercises
2. He made a new dress_____ his wife
and gave it ______ her on her
birthday.
A. to; for B. for; to
C. for; for D. to; to
3. Mr. Smith apologized ___ the lady
___ what her son had done.
A. to; to
B. to; for
C. for; to D. for; for
4. Read the letter and ____ him.
A. pass it on to B. pass on it
to C. pass it for D.
pass it on
5. Which one is not right?_____
A. Will you do me a favour?
B. Will you do a favou
r for me? C. Will you do a
favour to me? D. Will yo
u do me the favour to help
me with my English?
6. The little boy wanted to have a book
at his birthday present, but the cruel
stepmother _____ him his request.
A. refused B. answered
C. gave D.
promised
7. Which of the following is not true? ___
A. Mr.
Wang taught us physics last year.
B. Mr. Wang taught our physics last
year.
C. Mr. Wang taught
physics to us last year.
D. We were
taught physics by Mr. Wang by last
year.
8. Listen! Can you hear the popular
song_____ in the next door?
A. sung B.
being sung
C. singing D. sing
9.I think it is a waste of money____
books of that kind.
A. to buy B. to buying
C. in buying D. on buying
10 .The survivor still remembered that at
the beginning of the earthquake It
sounded like a train ___ quickly under
his house.
A. go B. going
C. went D. had gone
用括号内所给动词的适当形式完成下列句子。1. The new college graduate insisted on _______ (send) where he was most needed. 2. The parents suggested _______ (sleep) in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip. 3. After reading the text, we’ll go on _______ (do) the exercises.4. I can’t stand _______ (work) with Jane in the same office. She just refuses to stop talking while she works.
being sentsleeping
to doworking
5. Isn’t it time you got down to _______ (mark) the papers? 6. If you think that treating a woman well means always _______ (get) her permission for things, think again. 7. Victor apologized for not _______ (inform) me of the change in the plan. 8. I don’t want _______ (sound) like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.
to sound
marking
getting
informing
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