Kplers jegyzet

Kplers jegyzet

HOW TO TALK ABOUT PICTURES HOGYAN BESZLJNK KPEKRLBASIC RULES ALAPSZABLYOKAlapfokon leginkbb azt vrjk el, hogy azt mondjuk el, hogy mit ltunk a kpen konkrtan, teht ki mit csinl, hol kszlt a kp, kin milyen ruha van, s hogyan nz ki.Kzpfokon emellett elvrjk, hogy egy kicsit el is tudjon vonatkoztatni a kptl a vizsgz, s fejtse ki vlemnyn a ltottakkal kapcsolatban, vagy mesljen el valami szemlyes lmnyt, ami a kprl eszbe jut.

Fontos szablyok kplerssal kapcsolatban:1) elszr clszer behatrolni, hogy milyen kprl van sz:This is s colour/black-and-white photo of -ez egy sznes/fekete-fehr kpe -rl/-rlThis is a paparazzi shot of - ez egy lesifot -rl/rlThis is a landscape of - Ez egy tjkp -rl/-rlThis is a painting of - Ez egy festmny -rl/-rlThis is a picture of - Ez egy kp -rl/-rlThis is a portrait of - Ez egy portr -rl/-rl2) Aztn elmondhatjuk azt is, hogy szerintk hol, s mikor kszlt a kp (kzpfoktl mg azt is hozz tehetjk, hogy mirt gondoljuk mindezt):It/The picture/The photo must have been taken in summer because - A kp minden bizonnyal nyron kszlt, mert It must have been taken in a restaurant Valsznleg egy tteremben kszltIt was taken last year Tavaly kszltIt was taken this winter when Ezen a tlen kszlt, amikor 3) Ezt kveten rtrhetnk a konkrt kplersra azzal, hogy elmondjuk, mi van a kpen. Ehhez hasznljuk a kvetkez kifejezseket:in the background a httrbenin the bottom left-hand corner a bal als sarokbanin the bottom right-hand corner a jobb als sarokbanin the foregeround az eltrbenin the middle of the picture a kp kzepnin the top left-hand corner a bal fels sarokbanin the top right-hand corner a jobb fels sarokbanon the left-hand side a bal oldalonon the right-hand side a jobb oldalonabove fent, fell, felettnext to - mellettnear - kzelbenclose to - -hoz/-hez/-hz kzelbehind - mgttItt jegyzem meg, hogy ennl a rsznl nagyon fontos aTHERE IS/THERE AREnyelvtani szerkezet, s a prepozcik helyes ismerete, ezeknek is nzz utna!4) A kpen foly cselekvseket s esemnyek lershoz mindigPRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE-t (folyamatban lv jelen id) hasznlunk.5) Nagyon fontos, hogy pontosan le tudjuk rni, hogy ki milyen, s hogyan nz ki. Ehhez nhny hasznos kifejezst tanuljunk meg most:

Hes in his 40s. A negyvenes veiben jr.Hes got brown wavy hair. Barna hullmos haja van.Shes got blue eyes. Kk szeme van.Hes got a scar on his face. Van egy sebhely az arcn.The woman in the picture is a bit overweight. A n a kpen egy kicsit tlslyos.Hes fit for his age. J kindiban van a korhoz kpest.Shes tanned. Le van barnulva.Hes balding. Kopaszodik.

Hasznos szavak kplershozviewernz

paintingfestmny

photograph / photofnykp

portraitportr

landscapetjkp

bird's eye viewmadrtvlat

foregroundeltr

backgroundhttr

in the upper partfell

in the lower partalul

in the left / right partbal / jobb oldalon

on the left / rightbal / jobb oldalon

in the central partkzpen

at the centrekzpen

in the middlekzpen

in front of.eltt

behindmgtt

next to.mellett

the second from leftbalrl a msodik

The photowas takenat a party. - A fnykp egy bulinkszlt.The pictureshowsa scene from a movie. - A kp egy filmjelenetetbrzol.The picturedescribesa landscape. - A kp egy tjatmutat be.The pictureshowsa housefrom a distance. - A kp egy hzatbrzoltvolrl.The houseis shownfrom a bird's eye view. - A hzmadrtvlatblltszik.In the pictureyou can seea family. -A kpenegy csaldlthat.Itgives the impressionofan old photo. - Egy rgi kpbenyomst kelti.The houseseems to beold. - A hz regnektnik.The kidslook as ifthey are sad. - A gyerekek szomornaktnnek.The viewerhas the impression thatthe people in the picture make a family. - A nznek az a benyomsa tmad, hogy az emberek a kpen egy csaldot alkotnak.Theviewer's attention is focused onthe tall building. - Anzfigyelmea magas pletretereldik.To the alert eyeit will become apparent. - Afigyelmes szemll szmralthat.It isn't visibleto the naked eye. -Szabad szemmelnem lthat.The picturemakes the viewer feelsad. - A kp szomorsgotkelt a szemllben.The pictureinspires the viewer to think aboutthe environmental protection. - A kp arra kszteti a nzt, hogy a krnyezetvdelemre gondoljon.Itseems / appearsto me that. - Szmomragy tnik, hogy.The photographerwants to point outthat. - A fnykpszarra akarja felhvni a figyelmnket, hogyThis photois typical offashion magazines. - Ez a kpjellemza divatlapokra.This photosymbolisesconsumer society. - Ez a kp a fogyaszti trsadalmat szimbolizlja.

KPFELADATOK LTALNOS MEGOLDSI MENETE

1. DOLGOK S SZEMLYEK A KPEN:What can you see in the picture?=Mit ltsz a kpen?What are there in the picture?=Mi van a kpen?What can be seen in the picture?=Mi lthat a kpen?What are they like?=Milyenek?1. In the picture I can see . = A kpen ltok I can see in the picture.= -t ltok a kpen.In the picture can be seen.=A kpen lthat.In the picture there is/are . =A kpen van(nak) .

2. HELYSZNEK A KPEN:Where are the things in the picture?=Hol vannak a dolgok a kpen?Which part of the picture are they in?=A kp melyik rszn vannak?2. The is (elljrs szerkezetek). = A (vhol) van.in the middle (of the picture)=kzpen; a kp kzepnin the centre (of the picture)=kzpen; a kp kzepnat the top (of the picture)=fell; a kp fels rsznat the bottom (of the picture)=alul; a kp als rszben, a kp aljnon the left-hand side (of the picture)=a baloldalon; a kp bal oldalnon the right-hand side (of the picture)=a jobboldalon; a kp jobb oldalnin the top right-hand corner (of the picture)=a jobb fels sarokban; a kp jobb fels sarkbanin the top left-hand corner (of the picture)=a bal fels sarokban; a kp bal fels sarkbanin the bottom right-hand corner (of the picture)=a jobb als sarokban; a kp jobb als sarkbanin the bottom left-hand corner (of the picture)=a bal als sarokban; a kp bal als sarkbanin the foregroung (of the picture)=az eltrben; a kp elterbenin the background (of the picture)=a httrben; a kp htterbenon the horizon=a horizontonin the distance=a tvolbanin sight=lthatout of sight=nem lthat

3. ELHELYEZKEDS A KPEN:Where are the things in reationship to each other?=Hol vannak ezek a dolgok egymshoz kpest?3. A kpen lthat dolgok, szemlyek, pletek, stb egymshoz kpesti elhelyezkedsrl csak a helyre vonatkoz elljrk biztos ismeretben lehet beszlni.Amennyiben a vizsgz ezek jelentsvel tisztban van, mg egy egyszerbb kprl is sok mindent el tud mondani. Az elljrk alapjelentsrlittolvashatunk egy tmr sszefoglalst.4. A KPEN LTHAT FOLYAMATOK:What is happening to them?=Mi trtnik velk?What are they doing at the moment?=Mit csinlnak ebben a pillanatban?4. A kpen ppen folyamatban lv cselekvsek s esemnyek lersra alapveten afolyamatos jelenhasznlhat.now=mostat the moment=ebben a pillanatban5. A KPEN LTHAT FOLYAMATOK TRTNETBE HELYEZSE ELZMNYEK S KVETKEZMNYEK:What have they done?=Mit csinltak ezeltt? Mi trtnt velk ezeltt? (= Minek a kvetkezmnye, ami a kpen lthat?)What are they going to do?=Mit fognak csinlni? Mi fog trtnni velk? (= Mi kvetkezik abbl, ami a kpen lthat?)5. Az adott kpet itt egy film egy kpkockjnak tekintjk, aminek termszetesen van elzmnye s van kvetkezmnye, folyomnya.Az elzmnyeket abefejezett jelennel vagyfolyamatosan befejezett jelennel; mg a kp alapjn kikvetkeztethet kvetkezmnyeket akrfolyamatos jelennel vagy a(be) going toszerkezettel fejezhetjk ki.6. SZEMLYES REFLEXIK A KPRE:What do you think of the thing, event, etc. you can see in the picture?=Mit gondolsz arrl a dologrl, esemnyrl, stb.-rl, amit a kpen ltsz?Do you have any experience that can be connected to the picture?=Van brmilyen tapasztalatod/lmnyed, ami sszekapcsolhat a kppel?6. I think =Szerintem / gy gondolom, In my opinion , =Vlemnyem szerint , stb.vlemny kifejez szerkezetek;trtnetek, szemlyes lmnyek elmeslse.

Kplers angolulKplers a nyelvvizsgn!A kplersnak a nyelvvizsgn az egyik fontos rsze, hogy el tudd mondani, hogy mi van a kpen. Sajnos ez az esetek tbbsgben nem elg. A vizsgztatk ennl a feladattpusnl nem csak arra kvncsiak, hogy hny fa van a kpen, hanem ltalban azt is tudni szeretnk, hogy te mit gondolsz a kprl vagy esetleg milyen rzseket, emlkeket stb. vlt ki belled a kp. Ezt fontos szben tartani, mert ha csak a nyilvnvalt fogod elmondani a kprl, az lehet, hogy nem lesz elg.Hogyan kezdjek neki a kplersnak?Az albbiakban felsorolok nhny ltalnos megkzeltsi mdot: Ne ijedj meg, ha elsre nem rted, hogy mirl szl a kp. Prblj meg a nyilvnval dolgokra koncentrlni. Mik azok a dolgok amiket ltsz a kpen? Ha tudod, hogy mi trtnik a kpen, hasznld aFolyamatos jelen idt pl: A young couple is getting married. gyelj r, hogy ne azEgyszer jelent hasznld! Lerhatod az emberek megjelenst a kpen. Hogy nznek ki, milyen ruht viselnek stb. Brmilyen irnyba elviheted a kplerst, amg az valamennyire kapcsoldik a kphez. Ha a kpen pl. egy szmedence lthat akkor mondhatod, hogy mennyire szeretsz szni, de te jobban kedveled a tengert. Vagy mondhatod, hogy ez emlkeztet tged amikor gyerekknt sz edzsre jrtl.

Hasznld a megfelel kifejezseket a trbeli lersokhoz. Ezek pldul: In the top left corner(a bal fels sarokban) In the top right corner(a jobb fels sarokban) At the top(fell) In the background(a httrben) In the foreground(ell) On the left(balra) On the right(jobbra) In the bottom left corner(a bal als sarokban) In the bottom right corner(a jobb als sarokban)Plda mondatok: In the background there is a man reading a newspaper. On the left there is another man sleeping. In the top right corner, you can see a car.Ha nem tl egyrtelm, hogy mi trtnik a kpen akkor hasznlj olyan kifejezseket, amelyek azt sugalljk, hogy csak tippelgetsz. Ilyenek lehetnek pldul: I think/guess/suppose/assume it is . Im not sure, but it could be . Its not very clear, but probably . Maybe/Perhaps it is It can/could/might be a .. It looks like . It seems to be .Mi van, ha nem ismerem a szt?Elfordulhat, hogy nem ismered a jelentst bizonyos dolgoknak a kpen. Ilyenkor meg kell prblni krl rni azt. me nhny mdszer erre: It is used to open . You can use it to open Its used for opening I forgot how you call it, but I dont remember the word for it, but . Its like a Its a kind of .Sajt vlemny kifejezse!Nagyon fontos, hogy ne csak arrl beszlj, hogy mit ltsz a kpen, hanem a vlemnyedet is el tudd mondani rla. Ehhez me nhny hasznos kifejezs: In my opinion The way I see it As far as Im concerned I would say that I believe/think Personally I think sszefoglals!Rviden sszefoglalva a kvetkezk szerepeljenek a feleletedben: rd le, hogy milyen dolgokat ltsz a kpen Ejts nhny szt a helyrl Emltsd meg mi trtnik a kpen Beszlj a kpen lthatszemlyekrl (megjelensk, milyen kapcsolatuk lehet egymssal stb.) Sajt tletek, szrevtelek!!!!! Milyen rzseket vlt ki a kp? Mire asszocilsz, ha rnzel a kpre!!!!!!!

FELADAT:A fentiek figyelembevtelvel prbld meg sszegyjteni a gondolataidat az albbi kprl.

Krdsek:What can you see in the photo?How are these people related?Where are they and what are they doing?What else can you see?How many people are there in your family?Do you have any brothers or sisters?Did you walk in the woods with your family when you were a kid?Do you like this photo? Why? Why not?Do you often go out in the nature?

Describing a pictureKplers

In the picture I can see(a nice beach.)A kpen ltok egy szp strandot.

The picture shows(a beautiful beach.)A kpen egy gynyr tengerpart lthat.

It looks(fantastic.)Fantasztikusan nz ki.

It seems / appears to be(peaceful.)Bksnek tnik.

On the right / left there is aA jobb / bal oldalon van egy...

At the top / bottom there are someFent / lent van nhny...

In the top right-hand corner there seems to begy tnik a jobb fels sarokban van egy...

In the foreground / background there isEll / htul van egy...

I think they representSzerintem, a kpen egy ... van.

The image reminds me of / makes me think ofA kp emlkeztet a...

The setting isA helyszn...

Alapfok

This is a picture of a three people, a man, a woman and a young girl. The man is a doctor, because he is wearing a white coat and has a stethoscope around his neck. The man has grey hair and a grey beard. He is wearing glasses. He is wearing a light blue shirt with a dark tie. He is holding a clipboard in his hands. The little girl has light brown hair and is wearing a yellow top. The woman is probably her mother. She has long straight dark hair and is wearing a purple blouse with little black dots. Her hand is on the little girls shoulder. The doctor is smiling at the little girl. I think they are at the hospital for a checkup.

This is a colour photo of a mother and her baby. I think it was taken in a supermarket, because the baby is sitting in a trolley. They are at the fruits and vegetables department of the supermarket. The baby is wearing a blue T-shirt, so I guess he is a boy. The mother - who is wearing a black top - is picking up some vegetables for dinner. She is giving a tomato to the baby at the moment. Both of them are smiling. I think the baby is around 8 months old, so he is old enough to eat vegetables and fruits. Maybe he likes tomatoes, thats why hes so happy. Besides the tomatoes I can see a lot of different vegetables. From left to right there are green peppers, broccoli, cucumbers, cabbages and eggplants. In front of the mother I can see lemons, limes, spinach and avocados.a colour photo OF - egy sznes fnykp -rl/-rla photo was taken somewhere/sometime egy kp kszlt valahol/valamikortrolley bevsrlkocsidepartment osztly/rszlegto pick up felszed, felvesz valamiteggplant padlizsnKzpfok

This is a picture of a pretty girl with long black hair in a nice peach-colored dress. She is holding a couple of colorful giftbags. She must be at a shopping mall because she is standing in a big modern place and in the backbround I can see stands filled with all kinds of things. She has probably bought some presents for her friends or family, because I think she would have simple bags if she had shopped only for herself. Nowadays it is more and more popular to do all of your shopping at huge shopping centers. You can buy your groceries, your clothes, anything for the household and all kinds of things at these places. Here you can also find post offices, cleaner's, bank branch offices and there are many other services, all in one place. People do not have too much time and they do not have the energy to run around from shop to shop after long working hours. At shopping centers they can usually get almost everything done. Of course, if you need any other services, like the police or a mechanic, you wouldn't be able to find it here, but maybe in a few years this will also be possible. People usually do their shopping during the weekend and at places that are open until late or all night. It is more and more popular and comfortable to pay by credit cards instead of cash. You can always do this at big shopping malls where you can also find ATMs from which you can withdraw your money. You cannot always pay by credit card at retailers, smaller stores. This is only one of the reasons why they are going out of business and more and more giant shopping centers are being built.grocery lelmiszer

cash kszpnz

ATM pnzautomata

to withdraw money pnzt felvenni

retailer kiskeresked

In this picture I see a young couple. They are comfortably sitting on a sofa in the livingroom. They are looking at a thick magazine or some kind of album with pictures. They probably have shared interests and they are spending their free time together. Reading together can be a very good way to relax after work or in your free time. But lots of people prefer to watch TV or movies at home or at the cinema. There is an open laptop on their coffee table between two red mugs. Maybe later they will watch a movie on it. They might also look for some programs in the city, like concerts or theatre performances. However, not many young people go to the theatre nowadays and they almost never go to the opera or to see a ballet performance, for example. Instead it is more popular to spend hours in front of the Internet. We seem to forget that we could choose from a variety of hobbies. Listening to music, playing some instrument, painting, going to the library to borrow books, horse-riding, taking dancing lessons and so many more.comfortably knyelmesenthick vastag, vaskosto share interests kzs rdekldsi krk vanperformance eladsinstead ehelyettvariety vltozatossg, sokasgto play an instrument egy hangszeren jtszani

FELSFOK

This is a picture of a wide road with cars, a bus, motorcyclists and traffic lights. It doesn't seem to be too crowded, especially compared to the usual situation on roads nowadays in Budapest. Traffic jams can occur at any time of the day, not only in the morning and late afternoon rush hours. There is a constant and more and more serious problem of the amount of cars on the streets, the pollution they contribute to and the lack of parking space. Because there are more cars than parking spaces and you have to pay to be able to park your car, there are continuous conflicts between drivers and parking attendants. There are also many parking lot construction projects, which many times include cutting out the few trees that have survived in the city center. I think a better solution would be to ban private cars from the center. Although there are numerous buses, metro lines, trolley buses and trams too, people still prefer using their vehicles. This is also surprising because there a number of ongoing and upcoming constructions of city areas, bridges and road repairs, all due to the lack of space for traffic, the bad state of the roads filled with potholes, and this results in neverending traffic jams and accidents. You would think drivers would want to avoid leaving for work at least an hour earlier and arriving home later. Naturally, there are many commuters who would have to travel longer hours by railway or coaches to get to their workplaces, but the Hungarian railway system is continually improving in spite of the momentary crises that affects it. You can get a driving license from age 17, so many young people drive cars. This is quite worrying because there are too many so called 'disco-accidents'. In spite of the very strict rules against drinking and driving, there is zero tolerance, there are still a numberless accidents that result from this. Many drivers also pay no attention to red lights and ignore speed limits and pedestrian zebra crossings. Another growing concern is caused by the lack of bicycle lanes because the people who choose to protest against traffic, pollution and for a healthier life by using bikes are a nuisance to both drivers and pedestrians.

parking attendant parkolr

to ban be/kititani

ongoing folyamtban lev

upcoming kzelg

pothole kty

commuter ingz

bicycle lane biciklit

nuisance kellemetlensg

In this picture I can see a fighting couple and between them is their son covering his ears with his hands. He probably doesn't want to hear his parents shouting at each other. Unfortunately, this is not a very surprising situation because it reminds me of the fact that the number of divorces is increasing year by year. First of all, it is more and more fashionable to remain single and unmarried as long as possible. Everybody is building their careers, living their lives, enjoying their freedom and they do not believe in long-lasting marriages or relationships as much as the earlier generations did. In addition, many of those people who were brave enough to marry and have a family have divorced after a couple of years or are thinking of it at present. This results in many single parents or middle aged people with no kids at all. And children who experience a divorce will probably not believe in the institution of marriage either. So, we are heading towards a world of many single and perhaps lonely people. No wonder nations are dying out. It is interesting, however, that this is mainly characteristic of western and industrialized countries. Even in these countries, it is more likely that more children will be born in a family that has a lower life standard than in one where they could afford having a larger family. Perhaps in a poorer family, where many generations have to live together, the concept of 'family' is stronger and they value it much more. In families such as these, the older generations, the grandparents, are also paid more attention to and they are respected and cared for. In western countries it is more commonplace that the grandparents go to a nursing home, the parents are divorced, lead individual lives and the children live on their own from a very young age. Perhaps because it can be afforded. It does not seem to strengthen family ties.Thankfully, there are always exceptions and sometimes people do find the right kind of partners, have children and bring them up to respect the elders and learn from their wisdom. This way, they are raised to respect 'the family', are less likely to turn to drugs, to turn into criminals or lonely sad people and can be the type of people that are a hope to a nation.surprising situation meglep helyzetto remind somebody of something emlkeztet valakit valamireto increase nvekszik, nvekedik, novelin addition radsulto head towards something valami fel haladnican afford to do something megengedheti magnak, hogy csinljon valamitcommonplace elcspelt, kzhelynursing home regek otthonato strengthen megerstwisdom blcsessg

Theolingua

4. Closer family

2.Small family vs. Large family1. Look at the two photos of families. Compare and contrast them. What are advantages and disadvantages of having a big family?

In one of the pictures I can see a family of three. The other picture shows a family of seven.There are many advantages and disadvantages of having a big family. In the past families were much bigger than now. Today many couples dont get married at all or they get married much later, when both partners have started their career. The numbers of divorces has increased a lot. In the past people wanted to have many kids, but now is popular a type of family where are parents and one or two children. The first advantage of having a lot of brothers or sisters is joyful and happy life. In big families always someone tells you something nice or does some surprises. You never feel solitary in so large group because they always make you smile. The next good thing about having many brothers or sisters is helping each other with every work. For example elder from the sibling, helps with homework the younger one. Person who lives in a large family is more responsible, patient, tolerant, flexible and sociable than somebody who was always an only child.I think children who dont have any brothers or sisters become more decisive, stubborn and spoilt. They dont have siblings to care or pay attention to. They dont have to share their belongings with anybody, so they are a bit selfish. They get everything, even their parents full care and attention and it spoils the child. But on the other hand if you have only one brother or sister, or even none youre supposed to argue less, because you havent a person who you will argue with. Also in big families children become very competitive and everybody wants to be the best. In my opinion families should be numerous. Ive got a younger brother and we really get on very well. Im happy that I have him! I still dont know what I want to do in the future, I dont know which job I want to have, I dont know if I get married, but if I do - I know that Id like to have a big family and a lot of children.

3. Wedding3.2 Catholic wedding-Wedding in a registry officeIn one of the pictures I can see a couple in the church with a priest. The other picture shows another couple and a registrar in the registry office.In Hungary most people get married on a Saturday afternoon. All couples have to get married in a registry office, and those who are religious have a church wedding, too. In the registry office, the ceremony is led by a registrar, and the couple and their two witnesses sign the register. The two ceremonies might be on different days, and in this case the couple dress up differently for the two occasions. In the church, the bride wears a long white wedding dress with a veil and a train, and the bridegroom an elegant dark suit with a white shirt and d a tie. The bride holds a bouquet, and the bridegroom has a boutonniere. After the ceremony there is a reception, which in villages is often held in a big tent. At the reception several kind of dishes are served and the new couple cut the wedding cake. At midnight the couple change their clothes ant the so-called brides dance starts. All the guests dance with the bride and give some money to the couple to contribute to their new life together.

6. Family and relatives

7. HOME AND THE CHURCH

These are the towers of a gothic church or cathedral, probably from England. Gothic architecture is a style of architecture, which flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture. Gothic architecture is most familiar as the architecture of many of the great cathedrals, abbeys and churches of Europe. It is also the architecture of many castles, palaces, town halls and universities. Gothic architecture has two distinct characteristics: pointed arches and ribbed vaults, which we can see in the picture. These and the huge stained glass windows make the church much larger and brighter. Famous churches built in Gothic style are for example the Salisbury Cathedral and the Westminster Abbey in England.

8. congregation and human relations

This picture was taken in a church and I can see the members of a choir who are wearing the same type of clothes. The choir is standing in front of the icons so I think they present some religious songs to their audience sitting in the benches. Sometimes the choir sing during the services. Church choirs are often organised in parishes and meet regularly in the assembly room or in the church. They learn and sing religious songs and songs of the services but also pray, travel or do other activities together.

9. Studies and fatih

This picture must have been taken in a religious education class. The priest, who is the teacher of religious education in this case, is showing the students something on a map. Perhaps they are learning about church history. Its important for the RE teacher to be well-prepared but he must also remember that his job is much more than presenting the material that should be learnt. His behaviour and his relationship with his students help to form the students faith and their christian identity.

11. profession and job

I can see John Paul II in this picture. He was the pope of the catholic church until his death in 2005. I think he was one of the most influential leaders of the 20th century, he was well-known, respected and loved by millions of people. He travelled a lot, he visited more than one hundred countries. He was the first Polish pope.The pope in general is the head of the catholic church, who resides in Vatican city. The pope is the successor of Saint Peter, and is often called the Vicar of Christ or simply Holy Father. Millions of catholic people, and also others, are eager to listen to what he has to say to them, and follow his words in their everyday life.

12. RELIGIOUS SHOPPING, STORES

This is a personal religious gift. It can be given to a child after baptism, as a reminder of baptism day. The drawing features a cuddly bear and next to it the words of a bedtime prayer, which reads Now I lay me down to sleep, I pray the Lord my soul to keep. See me safely through the night, and wake me with the morning light. Amen. This is a very nice classic prayer for children, its easy to learn and if the picture is above the childs bed, he or she sees it every night before going to bed. It is personalized with the childs name. If children start to learn prayers at an early age, it will become a part of their lives, just as natural as eating or sleeping and it will guide them through their lives.

13. RELIGIOUS HOLIDAYS

This is a picture of a Jewish boy at Hanukkah, the Jewish festival that takes place on the 25th day of the Hebrew month Kislev. It marks the recapture of the Temple of Jerusalem from the Syrian Greeks at the time of the Maccabean Revolt in the second century BC. It is also known as the Festival of Lights, which is observed for eight days by the kindling of the lights of a special candelabrum, the menorah. This is what we can see in the picture. Jewish people light one candle on each night of the holiday, progressing to eight on the final night. An extra candle called a shamash, which is the Hebrew word for guard or servant, is also lit each night and is given a distinct location, usually higher or lower that the others. The number eight is significant here because according to the tradition, an eight-day celebration of songs and sacrifices was proclaimed upon recovering the Temple of Jerusalem. Also, the number eight has special significance in Jewish theology: seven is the number of days of creation, that is, of the completion of the material cosmos, whereas eight, being one step beyond seven, represents the infinite.

14. FOOD AND RELIGION

This is a picture of an Arab family eating a traditional meal. Arabs in general like to eat in a group, so all members of the family usually eat together. This is a nice time for the family to come together. As we can see in the picture, they sit on the floor in a circle around the dishes full of food. Although in this picture everybody has his or her own plate and silverware, many times they eat from the same dish. Islam asks Muslims to wash their hands before eating. Saying bismillah (in the name of Allah) is also obligatory. This means that Muslims must always ask for Allah for his permission because food is regarded as a blessing by Allah.

15. HEALTH AND ILLNESSES

Depression is a common illness of our time. It is very much present in all societies, especially in the more developed parts of the world. The word depression causes much confusion. It is often used to describe when someone is feeling blue, someone is in a bad mood or someone got out of the bed on the wrong side. However, doctors use the word in another way. They use it to refer to a specific illness. It is often very difficult to tell the difference between feeling low and having a depressive illness and this is why many people use the term incorrectly. Depression is very common, almost anyone can develop the illness. Depression is also treatable. You might need to see a doctor, but there are many things you can do yourself or things you can do to help somebody suffering from depression. What you cannot do is let yourself go, like the man in the picture. It is often impossible to identify why someone gets depression. There are no particular personality types that are more at risk than others, however, some genetic factors have been identified, such as having parents or grandparents who have suffered from depression.

17. THE IMPORTANCE OF CHRISTIAN ARTS

This is a picture of the Last Supper, also called the Lords Supper, which, according to the Christian gospels, was the last meal that Jesus shared with his twelve apostles and disciples before his death. The last supper has been the subject of many paintings, perhaps the most famous by Leonardo da Vinci. During the last supper, and with specific reference to taking bread and wine, Jesus told his disciples, Do this in remembrance of me. According to the tradition, the last supper took place on Mount Zion, just outside the walls of the Old City of Jerusalem. In the course of the last supper, Jesus divided up some bread, offered a prayer and handed the pieces to his disciples, saying, this is my body. He then took a cup of wine, said another prayer and handed it around, saying, this is my blood. These words signify the point of the final meal: Jesus wanted the disciples to remember him because he knew that they would be reunited in the Kingdom of God. According to the gospels, during the last supper, Jesus revealed that one of his apostles, Judas, would betray him.

18. THE BIBLE

This picture portrays The Sermon on the Mount from the Gospel of Matthew. Jesus gave this sermon on a mountainside to his disciples and a large crowd estimated around 30 AD. The best-known part of the sermon is the Beatitudes, which contains the foundation of the attitude of Christian life. It tells us how we should behave and live by mentioning eight groups of people and explaining in what way they are blessed. He says, for example, that blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven, blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they will be filled, blessed are the pure in heart, for they will be called children of God, just to mention a few of Jesuss teachings form the Beatitudes.

19. HUNGARIAN SAINTS

This is the famous picture of Saint Ladislaus, king of Hungary from 1077 to 1095 and also king of Croatia. As a king, he was a very strict but just lawmaker. He strengthened the royal power and could also expand his rule over Croatia. It was during his reign that the first Hungarian saints were canonized: Bishop Gellert, Stephen I and his son Emeric. King Ladislaus took an active part in the reorganization of the Roman Catholic Church in Hungary, by setting up a new bishopric in Zagreb, thus founding the Archbishopric of Bcs and also, he recognized the legitimacy of the first marriage of the members of the clergy. Besides, through his great donations, Ladislaus made the Hungarian church more powerful and richer than before. This made him quite popular with the clergy. When he died, the whole nation mourned for him for three years and regarded him as a saint long before his canonization. He was canonized in 1192.

(Szent Lszl Kpes krnika)

Szent Imre

Szent Istvn s Gizella megalaptja az budai templomot. (Kpes Krnika)

Szent Istvn

20. RELIGION AND THE MEDIA

This is an advertisement of a clothes store, which sells all types of clothes for women, men and children. The advertisement features a Muslim woman dressed in a traditional black dress, however, besides her eyes, her wrists can also be seen. This shows that the clothes company neglects the Islamic dress code and is trying to get Muslim womens attention. Also, this advertisement is a proof of the fact the world is getting more and more globalized, in which, the local and regional traditions are not that important any more.

23. RELIGIONS IN HUNGARY

This is the synagogue in Budapest, the symbol of the Hungarian Jewish community. It is the second largest synagogue in the world and, along with the one in Amsterdam, the most massive one in Europe. Its sheer size corresponds with the high importance of the contemporary Jewish community in Budapest.Traditionally, there are three things Jewish people are supposed to do in the synagogue: pray, read the Torah (the five books of Moses) and learn. Learning is just as important for Jewish people as praying, which can very well be seen in an ancient Jewish law, according to which, every village, where there were at least ten male adults, was supposed to build a synagogue and a school. If, however, they didnt have money for both, they were to build the school because one can pray in the school as well.

24. THE WORLD OF NATURE

This is The Creation of Adam by Michelangelo, a fresco on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. It illustrates the Biblical story taken from the Book of Genesis, in which God breathes life into Adam, the first man. It is one of the most famous and most appreciated images in the world. God is depicted as an elderly bearded man with his right arm outstretched to impart the spark of life from his own finger into Adams finger. Their fingers are separated by a slight distance. The similar, in fact, nearly identical pose of God and Adam the position of Gods right leg and Adams left leg, for example reflect the fact that, according to Genesis, God created man in his own image.