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TH NGHIM 4:

M HNH X L NC THI THY SN BNG CNG NGH MBBR

(Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor)

I. Tng quan:1. Qu trnh MBBR:Qu trnh mng sinh hc vi gi th di ng (Moving Biofilm Bed Reactor MBBR)

c pht trin Nauy t thp nin 80.

Qu trnh MBBR gm mt h thng sc kh bn hot tnh, trong bn bm trn cc gi

th bng nha c th ti sinh. Cc gi th ny c phn din tch b mt bn trong to iu kin

lin kt ti u gia nc, kh v vi khun

Vi khun v bn pht trin trn b mt ca gi th. Vi khun phn hy cht hu c trong

nc thi. Nh c thm gi th nn c th tng ti trng m khng cn tng th tch b.

Khong 67% th tch b cha cc gi th tng ng vi vng hiu qu ca mng sinh hc

trn mt n v th tch ca b sc kh. Cc gi th c gi trng thi l lng trong ncbng kh t my thi kh hoc thit b khuy trn ha cht.

H thng li c s dng gi cc gi th. S chuyn ng lin tc ca gi th, h

thng cn gt kh (air knife systems) v mt s thit b khc c s dng ngn s tc

nghn ca mng. Ngy nay ngi ta thng thit k lp li chn c dng hnh tr t thng

ng hay nm ngang.

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Cc sinh khi trong qu trnh MBBR ph thuc vo cc yu t nh s gii hn tc thi ca

cc cht dinh dng, c tnh, s thay i ca pH v nhit .Nhng yu t ny c th gim

kh nng sinh hc ca h thng, nhng nh hung khng ng k ti sinh khi. Qu trnh s t

iu chnh hot ng bnh thng tr li trong mt thi gian ngn sau khi b sc. Khi sinh

khi bm vo cc gi th c gi li trong b phn ng bng li th qu trnh sinh trng llng/ bm dnh t b ra tri theo dng nc hn cc qu trnh ASP thng thng.

Nhng phn d ra ca mng sinh hc khng bm vo gi th s theo dng chy ra ca b

MBBR vo b lng th cp. Nng dng ra ca b MBBR khong 300mg/l, thp hn

nhiu so vi qu trnh ASP. Kt qu ny lm gim ti trng cht rn trong b lng th cp. Tuy

nhin, cht rn trong qu trnh MBBR in hnh khng lng xung nh t qu trnh ASP thng

thng. Qu trnh MBBR khng c bm bn hot tnh tun hon.

Hnh 1- B MBBR khng c tun hon bn hot tnh

Hnh 2- B bn hat tnh thng thng c tun hon bn hot tnh

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Hnh 3- H thngPuraMax vi b MBBR kt hp vi b lng 1 v lng th cp

Hnh 4- B MBBR trong cng ngh METEOR

u im ca qu trnh MBBR:- C kh nng phc hi trong mt thi gian ngn khi qu trnh x l b sc ti- Hot ng ti trng hu c cao- Hiu qu kinh t

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- D bo tr, d vn hnh, iu khin t

- D dng m rng qui m

Khuyt imca qu trnh MBBR:Bt li chnh ca qu trnh MBBR l chi ph cao do phi sc kh trong qu trnh hat ng.

Qu trnh MBBR thng s dng my khuch tn kh th m hiu sut vn chuyn oxy rtthp so vi h thng to bt kh mn trong qu trnh ASP thng thng. Thit b khuch tn bt

kh mn khng c s dng trong qu trnh MBBR v n lm cho cc gi th ni ln trn mt

nc. Do , cc nh sn xut khuyn co nn s dng nng oxy ha tan khong 3-4 mg/l

duy tr iu kin hiu kh trong qu trnh ny. Do cn mt lng nng lng ln v chi

ph nng lng cao.

Ngoi ra, cc b phn ng c th hot ng trong iu kin hiu kh loi b BOD v

nitrat ha hoc trong iu kin thiu xy kh nit nh chi tit trong hnh 4. b thiu kh

th qu trnh ny c to ra bi s xo trn ca cc gi th trong b bng cnh khuy.

Hnh 5-Post Anoxic MBBR c thm ngun carbon t bn ngoi

kh Nit qu trnh MBBR c th c cc dng:

- C tun hon nhng s c mt s hn ch tng t nh trong qu trnh bn hot tnh llng.

- a post anoxic MBBR c thm ngun Carbon t bn ngoi vo.- Kt hp gia tun hon v post anoxic MBBR.

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i vi nc thi dng vo c mt lng va hoc t nit th dng loi c tun hon

hoc post-anoxic MBBR l . Trng hp nit cao hoc tiu chun nit tuyt i di

10mg/l th nn dng kt hp gia tun hon v post-anoxic MBBR.

H thng MBBR c tun hon c nhng u v nhc im ca qu trnh bn hot tnh l

lng.

MBBR c tun hon v post-anoxic MBBR c nhng u im sau:

- Th tch kh cho nitrat ha thp (do nng MLSS tng i cao).- C th iu chnh lng carbon.- Linh hot trong cc trng hp b phn ng b sc ti do cc vi sinh vt nitrat ha c

gi li trn gi th.

- Hot ng n gin hn cc h thng bn hot tnh thng thng do khng cn phi ctun hon bn hot tnh.

- Chi ph vn hnh v bo tr thpKh P trong MBBR da trn vic tch ly P trong sinh khi (PAOs - Phosphorus

accumulating organisms) v chng vi sinh vt ng vai tr quan trng l gingAcinetobacter.

2. Cc yu t nh hng : Cc vi sinh vt quan trng nht trong x l nc thi:Vi khun, Archaea, Micro ng vt v nm

Nhit :Vi khun:

Mesophilic ti u trong khong 35 40 C

Mesophilic hot ng trong khong 10 45 C

ng vt rt nh: t0 < 40 C (s b cht nu trn nhit ny)

pH: khi 5 < pH > 10 s nh hng khng tt cho qu trnh x l Oxy ha tan:2 mg/l trong bn hot tnh v t 2.5 3 mg/l trong MBBR C

ht dinh dng:Nitrogen v phosphorus cn c thm vo: thm Ur b sung N, Acid Phosphoric b

sung P, DAP cng c th c thm vo.

Nitrogen: Vi khun c th s dng cc loi nit khc nhau, nhng N-ammonia l ngin nht.Ur phi c thy phn thnh ammonia trc khi c vi khun s dng. Vi khun

cha khong 10% N. Gi lng Nit d ha tan trong b MBBR t 1-2mg/

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Phosphorus: Vi khun cha khong 1 2 % P. Gi lng Nit d ha tan trong bMBBR l 0.5 mg/l

Cc cht gy c:Thng do cc ha cht gy ra nh cc cht hat ng b mt, ioxit, du nht, cht c

mu, Thc n: chnh l cc vt liu hu c (COD,BOD) xo trn:

xo trn cao s tch sinh khi ra khi gi mang v chnh v vy s lm gim hiu

sut ca qu trnh x l.

Ti trng th tchV s khng th xc nh chnh xc din tch thc c bao bc bi biofilm trn b mt

ca gi mang, ngi ta a ra hiu sut qu trnh theo th tch b phn ng thay v din tch b

mt gi th. Tuy nhin, vic nh gi th tch b phn ng c th l h thng c so snh vinhng h thng khc m s dng ton b th tch b phn ng x l.

Nu ch x l th cp, kh nng ti tng ng 4-5 kgBOD7 /m3.ngy n 12-15

kgBOD7 /m3.ngy mc 67% gi mang c lp y (cung cp 335 m2 din tch b mt gi

th trn m3 th tch b phn ng). Nhng gi tr BOD7 khng c trong tiu chun ca Hoa K.

Tuy nhin, chng ph hp vi Phng ph p tiu chun ca Nauy v nhng ng dng ca

chng i vi vic thit k b phn ng M phi c thc hin mt cch thn trng. Rusten

bo co rng 60g BOD5/ngy tng ng vi 70 g BOD5/ngy, mc d n khng c c

th ha xem th gi tr BOD no l gi tr tng hoc l gi tr ha tan c. Mc d vy, squy i ny s c s dng i cc gi tr ti thnh gi tr BOD5 c bn.

iu kin tng trng ti u:Ti trng hu cthng s thit k,

Oxygen 2 3 ppm (MBBR),

NH4-N 1 ppm,

PO4-P 0.5 ppm,

pH = 6.5 8.5,Nhit 38 C

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3. Cc loi gi th:

LoiDi

(mm)

ng knh

(mm)

B mt bo

v

(m2

/m3

)

Tng b

mt

(m2

/m3

)

K1 7 9 500 800

K3 12 25 500 600

Natrix C2 30 36 220 265

Natrix M2 50 64 200 230

Biofilm-chip

M

2.2 48 1200 1400

Biofilm-

chip P3.0 45 900 990

Hnh - Mng sinh hc bm ln trn vt liu sinh hc

Tt c cc gi th c t trng nh hn so vi t trng ca nc, tuy nhin mi loi gi th

c t trng khc nhau. iu kin quan trng nht ca qu trnh x l ny l mt gi th

trong b, gi th c th chuyn ng l lng trong b th mt gi th ti a trong bMBBR nh hn 67%. Trong mi qu trnh x l bng mng sinh hc th s khuych tn ca

cht dinh dng (cht nhim) trong v ngoi lp mng l nhn t ng vai tr q uan trng

trong qu trnh x l, v vy chiu dy hiu qu ca lp mng cng l mt trong nhng nhn t

quan trng nh hng n hiu qu x l. Chiu dy ca lp mng trn gi th ng thng

thng phi nh hn 10Qm, iu ny c ngha l chiu dy ca lp mng rt mng cc cht

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dinh dng khuch tn vo b mt ca lp mng. t c iu ny xo trn ca gi th

trong b l nhn t rt quan trng c th di chuyn cc cht dinh dng ln b mt ca

mng v m bo chiu dy ca lp mng trn gi th mng.

Nhng nghin cu khc nhau chng minh rng nng sinh khi trn mt n v th

tch ca b l 3 4 kg SS/m3, ging nh qu trnh x l bng bn hot tnh l lng. V vy, titrng th tch ca b ln do sinh khi hnh thnh trn lp mng biofilm cao. Hin tng bo

mn cc gi th ng xy ra khi cc gi th chuyn ng trong b ln, cc gi th va chm vo

nhau, lm cho lp mng hnh thnh trong gi th d bong trc va gim hiu qu ca qu trnh

x l.

Hnh - Mng sinh hc trn gi th k1 trong h MBBR.4. Lp mng biofilmLp mng biofilm l qun th cc vi sinh vt pht trin trn b mt gi th. Chng loi vi

sinh vt trong mng biofilm tng t nh i vi h thng x l bn hot tnh l lng. Hu ht

cc vi sinh vt trn mng biofilm thuc loi d dng (chng s dng cacbon hu c to ra

sinh khi mi) vi vi sinh vt ty tin chim u th. Cc vi sinh vt ty tin c th s dng oxy

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ha tan trong hn hp nc thi, nu oxy ha tan khng c sn th nhng vi sinh vt ny s

dng Nitric/Nitrat nh l cht nhn in t. Ti b mt ca mng biofilm v lp cht lng

ng phn lp lp mng biofilm vi cht lng c xo trn trong b phn ng. Cht dinh

dng v oxy khuch tn qua lp cht lng ng t hn hp cht lng xo trn trong b

MBBR ti lp mng biofilm. Trong khi cht dinh dng v oxy khuch tn thng qua lp ng ti lp mng biofilm, s phn hy sinh hc sn xut ra nhng sn phm khuch tn t lp

mng biofilm ti hn hp cht lng c xo trn trong b MBBR. Qu trnh khuch tn vo

v ra lp mng biofilm vn tip tc xy ra. Khi cc vi sinh vt pht trin, sinh khi pht trin

v ngy cng dy c. B dy ca sinh khi nh hng n kh nng ha tn oxy v cht b

mt trong b phn ng n cc qun th vi sinh vt.

Hnh 2.4 M t s khuch tn ca cht dinh dng mng biofilm.

Cc vi sinh vt lp ngoi cng ca lp mng biofilm l li vo u tin oxy ha tan v

cht b mt khuch tn qua mng biofilm. Khi oxy ha tan v cht b mt khuch tn qua mi

lp nm pha sau so vi lp ngoi cng ca mng biofilm th s c cc vi sinh vt tiu th

nhiu hn so vi lp biofilm pha trc.S gim nng oxy ha tan qua lp mnh biofilm

to ra cc lp hiu kh, ty tin, k kh trn mng biofilm.

Nhng hot ng vi sinh vt khc nhau xy ra trong mi lp mng ny v nhng vi sinh vt

c trng pht trin trong nhng mi trng khc nhau trn biofilm. V d nh cc vi sinh vt

trong mi lp mng biofilm s c mt mt thch hp nht i vi mi trng oxy/c cht

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trong lp mng ny. lp mng pha trn ca mng biofilm khi nng oxy ha tan v nng

c cht cao th s lng vi sinh vt hiu kh s chim u th. lp biofilm su hn khi

nng oxy v c cht gim th nhng vi sinh vt ty tin chim u th hn nhng vi sinh vt

khc . Trong nhng lp ny, qu trnh Nitrat hot xy ra khi Nitrat tr thnh cht nhn in t

i vi vi sinh vt ty tin. V vy, nhng vi sinh vt lp mng biofilm hay dnh bm trn bmt gi th s b nh hng bi s khuych tn oxy v c cht gim dn qua lp mng. Khi

nhng vi sinh vt dnh bm trn lp mng biofilm ban uyu th hot ng xo trn nhng

gi th s ra tri lp mng biofilm ra khi gi th.

Hnh 2.5Nng ca c cht theo chiu su lp mng.

II.So snh cc cng trnh x l sinh hc k kh v hiu khK kh:

1.1 C s l thuyt:

Qu trnh phn hy cht hu c trong

iu kin k kh do qun th vi sinh vt

(ch yu l vi khun) hot ng khng cn

s c mt ca oxy khng kh, sn phm

cui cng l mt hn hp kh c CH4, CO2,

Hiu kh:

2.1 C s l thuyt:Cc vi sinh vt hiu kh phn hy cc cht

hu c trong nc thi c y oxy ha tan

nhit , pH,thch hp. Qu trnh phn hy

cht hu c ca vi sinh vt hiu kh c th miu

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N2, H2,.. trong c ti 65% l CH4.

Qu trnh phn hy l kh cht bn c

th m t bng s tng qut:

(CHO)nNS CO2 + H2O + CH4+ NH4

+ H2+ H2S + t bo vi sinh vt +u im ca phng php sinh hc

k kh:

- Thit k n gin, th tch cngtrnh nh, chim t din tch mt bng

- Cng trnh c cu to kh n ginv gi thnh khng cao

- Chi ph vn hnh v nng lngthp

- Kh nng thu hi nng lng Biogas cao

- Khng i hi cung cp nhiu chtdinh dng

- Lng bn sinh ra t hn 10-20 lnso vi phng php hiu kh v c tnh n

nh tng i cao, c th tn tr trong mt

thi gian kh di v l ngun phn bn cgi tr

- Ti trng phn hy cht bn hu ccao, chu c s thay i t ngt v nng

lng.

Hn ch ca cng ngh sinh hc kkh:

- Rt nhy cm vi cht c hi, sthay i bt thng v ti trng ca cng

trnh

- X l nc thi cha trit - Nhng hiu bit v vi sinh vt k kh

cn hn ch

- Thiu kinh nghim v vn hnh

t bng s :

(CHO)nNS + O2 CO2 + H2O + CH4+ NH4+ H2+ H2S + t bo vi sinh vt+

u im ca cng ngh sinh hc hiukh so vi k kh:

- Khng gy nhim th cp nh phngphp ha hc, ha l

- Hiu bit v qu trnh y hn- Hiu qu x l cao hn v trit hn Hn ch ca cng ngh sinh hc hiu

kh:

- Th tch cng trnh ln, chim nhiu mtbng

- C th pht sinh mi hi kh chu- Chi ph xy ng cng trnh v u t

thit b cao

- Chi ph vn hnh, c bit l chi phnng lng sc kh tng i cao

- Khng c kh nng thu hi nng lng- Khng chu c nhng thay i t

ngt v ti trng hu c

- Sau x l sinh ra lng bn d ln vlng bn ny km n nh, do cn chi ph

u t x l bn

- X l nc thi c ti trng khng caonh phng php k kh.

M t qu trnh sinh hc hiu kh:

Qu trnh phn hy cht hu c bng cngngh sinh hc hiu kh l qu trnh ln men

bng vi sinh vt trong iu kin c oxi d cho

sn phm l CO2, H2O, NO3-v SO4

2-.

Giai on 1: oxy ha ton b cht hu c c

trong nc thi p ng nhu cu nng lng

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cng trnh

M t qu trnh sinh hc k kh:

Phn ng tng qut:

Hp cht hu c + H2O sinh khi +CH4+ CO2+ NH3

Hnh 5- qu trnh phn hy cht hu c

trong iu kin k kh

1.2Cc yu t nh hng:- Thi gian lu bn:- SRT thng chn l 12-15 ngy.- Nhit : Vng nhit 20-450C v

45-650C: vi sinh vt ln men metan , trong

khong 100-150C : mt s nhm vi sinh vt

k kh c th sng c, nu100C : vi

khun to metan hu nh khng hot ng

- pH ti u dao ng trong khong6.5- 8.5

- Cc cht dinh dng: nit vphtpho pha l nhng cht d hp th bi

vi sinh vt. t l C:N = t 20:1 n 30:1 v

ca t bo.

CxHyOz N + (x+y/4 +z/3+3/4)O2xCO2+

[(y-3)/2]H2O + NH3

Giai on 2: tng hp xy dng t bo

CxHyOzN + NH3 + O2 xCO2 + C5H7N 2Giai on 3: h hp ni bo

C5H7NO2 + 5O2 xCO2 + H2O

NH3 + O2 O2 + HNO2 HNO32.2Cc yu t nh hng :- Nng oxy: phi cung cp y

lng oxy vo lin tc sao cho lng oxy ha

tan trong nc ra khi b lng II 2 mg/l.

- Ti trng hu c: thp hn qu trnh xl k kh

- T l BODton phn:N:P = 100:5:1- pH ti u cho a s vi sinh vt t 6.5-8.5- nc thi c nhit thch nghi vi a

s vi sinh vt ti u t 25-370C

2.3Cc dng cng trnh sinh hc hiukh:

y Bn hot tnh:- B bn hot tnh truyn thng- B bn hot tnh tip xc- n nh- B bn hot tnh thng kh ko di- B bn hot tnh thng kh cng cao

c khuy o han chnh

- B bn hot tnh chn lcy B bn hot tnh khuy trn hon tony Dng chy nty Thi kh nhiu bc (b bn hot tnh np

nc thi theo bc)

y Mng oxy hay Thit b kh nng (airlift reactor)

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N:P = 7:1

1.3Cc dng b phn ng:y B k kh:- B t hoi- B lng 2 v- B metany B sinh hc k kh hai giai on:y B bn k kh dng chy ngc

(UASB):

y B phn ng khuy lin tc- CSTR (continously stirred tank reactor)

y B phn ng dng chy u PFR (plug flow reator)

y Lc k kh bm dnh c nh - AFR(anaerobic filter reator)

y B phn ng k kh m gin n - FBR,EBR ( fluidizied and expanded bed

reactor)

y B hiu kh gin on SBR(Sequencing batch reactor)

y Unitanky Lc sinh hcy RBC (Roltating biological contactor)y Lc nh gity Lc sinh hc ngp nc (m c nh,

m gin n)

y Lc sinh hc vi lp vt liu l cc htc nh

III. Cc ng dng ca MBBR trong x l nc thi v mt s kt qu ng dng1. Cng ngh MBBR p dng ti ITC Ltd-PSPD, Unit : Bhadrachalam, India Phng php x l:- Tin x l ha hc: song chn rc, lng 1- X l sinh hc: bn hot tnh , MBBR- X l sau x l sinh hc: lng 2 Qu trnh MBBR: Dng trn t b lng s cp ( nc c mu) c dn ti b MBBR

lm gim COD ha tan n 60%. Dng ra t b MBBR c dn vo b bn hot tnh

gim cht hu c v sau qua tip b lng th cp lm gim cht rn l lng v cc cht

nhim khc.

Quy trnh thit k ti Bhadrachalam ITC:- S b phn ng: 2- Kch thc b phn ng: 21.3 m x 21.2 m x 8 m (WxLxH)

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- Mc nc su 7m- Th tch mi b: 3200 m3- Vt liu sinh hc: Biofilm-Chip P- Vng bo v: 900 m2/m3- Th tch cha vt liu : 80% iu kin nc u vo ca MBBR:

Thng s n v Design

Lu lng m3/d 44000

pH s.u 6-8

Nhit 0C Max 40

TSS mg/l

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Stt Thng s c trng Gi tr n v

1 Cng sut thit k 300 m3/ ngy.m

2 Cn khng tan 200 250 mg/l

3 BOD 120 170 mg/l4 COD 200 250 mg/l

5 TN 25 40 mg/l

6 TP 6 10 mg/l

Hnh - S cng ngh x l nc thi sinh hot s dng cng ngh MBBR

Qu trnh x l hiu kh:

Nc thi t b iu ha c bm cp vi lu lng n nh (4 m3/h) c bm B1 bm

n h thit b MBBR (h x l hiu kh , thiu kh S dng k thut mng vi sinh chuyn

ng theo kiu tng i lu). K thut MBBR cho php tng hiu xut x l cao gp 200 300

% so vi phng php bn hot tnh thng thng nh s chuyn ng tun hon ca vi sinhc nh trn vt liu mang. Cht mang c kh nng c nh vi sinh vi mt cao c tun

hon trong khi cht lng. Vt liu mang vi sinh theo cc nghin cu v thc t s dng trong

cc cng trnh ca chng ti thng chim khong 15 % tng th tch khi chuyn ng i

vi b s 1 v 20% i vi b s 2. K thut trn cho php gim th tch b hiu kh so vi

cc k thut thng thng n 50 60 %. S dng cng ngh MBBR cho php oxy ha amoni

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trit , ng thi kh mt phn nitrat ngay trong iu kin hiu kh. Tng th tch b hiu kh

hiu dng theo tnh ton l 16 m3 ng vi thi gian lu thy lc l 4 gi. Nc thi sau khi ra

khi b hiu kh s 2 t cc tiu chun thi c bn ch cn tin hnh lc cn rn v tin

hnh kh trng.

3. X l nc thi nh my giy Si Gn:Tng cng sut ca h thng l 17.000 m3/ngy m, s dng cng ngh x l nc thi

hiu kh mng sinh hc dng vt mang (carrier) c tp on EIMCO ng k c quyn.

Sau khi a vo vn hnh vo u thng 02\2010, h thng x l nc thi ca Giy Si Gn

l h thng c qui m ln nht Vit Nam.

u im ca cng ngh mng vi sinh chuyn ng MBBR so vi cng ngh bn hot tnh

v mng vi sinh truyn thng:

Khc vi cng ngh bn hot tnh, y phn ln vi sinh vt pht trin trong cc mng

phim bm trn b mt ca cc cht mang chuyn ng lin tc. Cng ngh ch to cc chtmang c ti u ho chng va c din tch b mt ln va bo m bo v cc lp

mng vi sinh khi cc tc ng c st. iu ny cho php tp trung mt lng ln sinh khi

trong b vi sinh v cho php gim th tch b vi sinh xung. Do vy cng ngh FlooBed gip

gim rt ng k chiph xy dng.

Cc cht mang c lm bng vt liu nha, c t trng nh hn nc mt cht, do

chng c th di chuyn d dng nh mng li cc ng sc kh bao ph khp y b. Khc

vi cc cng ngh mng phim vi sinh thng thng, cng ngh ny khng cn ra ngc,

gip gim tiu hao nng lng v khng lm gin on hay nh hng n hot ng lin tc

ca qu trnh x l.

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Cng ngh x l nc thi tin tin cho php ti s dng n 90% lng nc thi t sn

xut; ng thi cht lng nc thi sau khi vo h thng x l vi sinh thi ra mi trng hon

ton m bo cc tiu chun v cht lng nc thi theo Quy chun x thi ca ngnh sn

xut giy ban hnh thng 12/1008 theo quyt nh s 16/2008/Q- BTNMT.

IV.Kt qu thc nghim:1. Gii thiu m hnh thc nghim

Ncch bin thy sn c ly t cng ty ch bin thy sn Cng Ty C Phn Thu Sn

S 4, a ch 320 Hng Ph, Phng 9, Qun 8 , Tp.HCM, Vit Nam vi nguyn liu sn xut

l c , gh, mc v nng COD trung bnh l 2000 mg/l.

y B MBBR k kh c lm bng thy tinh trong sut c th tch 25 lt vi chiu cao H= 0,45 m, chiu rng B = 0,25 m v chiu di L = 0,25 m, trong % th tch vt liu l 60%.

y thit k c van x bn, s dng thit b khuy c tc khuy 100 vng/pht gip gi

th MBBR dao ng u trong b phn ng.

y B MBBR hiu kh c lm bng thy tinh trong sut c th tch 25 lt vi chiu cao H= 0,45 m, chiu rng B = 0,25 m v chiu di L = 0,25 m, trong % th tch vt liu l 60%.

y thit k c van x bn, khng kh c cp vo b bng my thi kh sao cho nng DO

trong b trong khoang 2,5 3,5 mg/l.

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y Nghin cu x l nc thi thy sn bng gi th ng loi K3 c lm tpolyethylence vi ng knh 25 mm, chiu di 10 mm tng din tch b mt l 800 m2/m3,

trong din tch b mt to mng l 500 m2/m3 v khi lng ring l 0,97 kg/m3.

Thng s vn hnh b k kh:

Ngy Lu lng(L/d)

HRT(h)

Ti trng hu c(kgCOD/m3.ngy)

Mt gith

(%)

Tc khuy(Vng/pht)

88 - 108 27 18 2,7 60 150

Thng s vn hnh b hiu kh:

Ngy Lu lng

(L/d)

HRT (h) Mt gi

th(%)

Lu lng

cp kh (m3

/h)

172- 192 12 12 60 2

( hnh chp m hnh)

2. Ch tiu phn tch: pH: vo: 7.74

ra k kh: 8.46

ra hiu kh: 8.2NO3: vo: 0.128

ra k kh: 2.2719

ra hiu kh: 0.1302

NO2: vo: 0.1282ra k kh: 6.4319

ra hiu kh: 0.0742

COD: vo: 91,2ra k kh: 265.6ra hiu kh: 64

TP: vo: 0.166Ra: 0.76

N- NH4

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3. nh gi, nhn xt:B MBBR vn hnh pH vo = 7.74 v pH ra =8.2 nm trong gii hn ti u 6.5-8.5 to

iu kin thun li cho vi sinh vt pht trin.

(.)V. KT LUN KIN NGH

5.1. Kt lun

(Tm tt ngn gn li nhng vic thc hin v cha thc hin c ca bi TN)

5.2. Kin ngh

(Trn c s nh gi nhn xt v KQPT trn, xut cc bin php ci tin thit k m hnh nh thno cho ph hp v t hiu qu cao nht; ng thi xut vic trin khai ng dng ra thc t t mhnh thc nghim lm)

y l s liu tham kha ca bn hong nh

KT QU PHN TCH

Bi 1 Bi 2 Bi 3 Bi 4 Bi 5

Vo Ra Vo ra vo Ra Vo ra vo Ra pH 7,9 7,08 8,26 8,36 7,08 8,46 8,31 8,53

(k)

7,8(Hiu)

7,5 7,63

COD 1628 356 305 92 3923 163(hiu)

378(k)

c

mu

Kim

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NH4+

NO2-

NO3-

Ch tiu Photpho:

ng chun

C (x) 0 0.025 0.05 0.075 0.1 0.125

(y) 0 0.066 0.12 0.164 0.213 0.254

Y = 2,0057x + 0,0108 R2 = 0,9935

KQTN:

Bi 1: vo (25 ln) A = 1,258 ra (10 ln) 2,04

Bi 4: vo 50 ln A = 0,476; ra k kh (25 ln) 0,915; Ra hiu kh (10 ln): 1,393

Ch tiu kim

Bi 2 vo 53 mg/l; ra 27 mg/lCh tiu NO2:

ng chun:

C (x) 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25

A (y) 0 0.267 0.583 0.989 1.283 1.641

y = 6,623x 0,039 R2 = 0,9973

KQTN:

Bi 2: vo 0,1425 mg/l Ra: 13.9816 mg/l

Bi 4:

Vo: 0.1269 mg/l

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Ra 1: 6.4321 mg/l

Ra 2: 0.0651 mg/l

Bi 5:

Vo 0,0139 mg/l ra 0,0133 mg/l

Ch tiu NO3:

ng chun:

C (x) 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2

A (y) 0 0.372 0.697 1.024 1.35 1.676

Y = 0,8315x + 0,0217 R2 = 0,9995

KQTN

Bi 4: 1: 0,1236 mg/l 2: 2.2629 mg/l 3: 0.1205 mg/l

Bi 5: 1: 36.5512 mg/l 2: 1.167.5303 mg/l

Tnh hiu sut ct

hp thu NO2- 0.441

hp thu NO3- = 0.409

Hiu sut = hp thu NO3-/NO2- = 92,74%

Ch tiu amoni

Bi 4: vo 10 ln, V = 1 ml; ra 5 ln, ra hiu kh V = 0,35 ml, ra k kh V = 0,3ml

Bi 5: vo 5 ln V = 13,5 ml; ra V= 0,8