อจท.ตัวอย่างสมฐ.new currentenglishม.1
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¥√. “¡“√∂ —¡æ—π∏“√—°…åÕ.∫. (‡°’¬√μ‘π‘¬¡), Ph.D.
Õ“®‘≥ ¡“√’ª√– ‘∑∏‘ÏB.Sc., æ.¡., §.∫., M.A.
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π‘« ‡§Õ‡√Áπ∑ Õ‘ß≈‘™ ·°√¡¡“ ·ÕÁπ¥å ¬Ÿ‡´Á® ¡. 1 (NEW CURRENT ENGLISH Grammar & Usage ¡. 1).- - °√ÿ߇∑æœ : Õ—°…√‡®√‘≠∑—»πå, 2550.
256 Àπâ“.
1. ¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ… -- ‰«¬“°√≥å. I. Õ“®‘≥ ¡“√’ª√– ‘∑∏‘Ï, ºŸâ·μàß√à«¡. II. ™◊ËÕ‡√◊ËÕß.
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ISBN: 978-974-9970-95-9
§”‡μ◊ÕπÀπ—ß ◊Õ‡≈à¡π’ȉ¥â√—∫°“√§ÿ⡧√Õßμ“¡ æ.√.∫. ≈‘¢ ‘∑∏‘Ï Àâ“¡¡‘„À⺟℥ ∑” È́” §—¥≈Õ° ‡≈’¬π·∫∫ ∑” ”‡π“ ¥—¥·ª≈ß
®”≈Õßß“π®“°μâπ©∫—∫À√◊Õ·ª≈߇ªìπ√Ÿª·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ„π«‘∏’μà“ßÊ ∑ÿ°«‘∏’‰¡à«à“∑—ÈßÀ¡¥À√◊Õ∫“ß à«π ‚¥¬¡‘‰¥â√—∫Õπÿ≠“μ®“°
‡®â“¢Õß≈‘¢ ‘∑∏‘Ï∂◊Õ‡ªìπ°“√≈–‡¡‘¥ ºŸâ°√–∑”®–μâÕß√—∫º‘¥∑—Èß∑“ß·æàß·≈–∑“ßÕ“≠“
Àπ—ß ◊Õ™ÿ¥ NEW CURRENT ENGLISH Grammar & Usage ‡ªìπ ◊ËÕ°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ
“√–‡æ‘Ë¡‡μ‘¡ ¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ… °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“μà“ߪ√–‡∑» μ“¡À≈—° Ÿμ√°“√»÷°…“¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π
æ.». 2544 ™à«ß™—Èπ∑’Ë 3 ™—Èπ¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑’Ë 1-3
Àπ—ß ◊Õ™ÿ¥π’È ‰¥â°≈à“«∂÷ßÀ—«¢âÕμà“ßÊ ∑’ˇªìπ‡π◊ÈÕÀ“ “√–¢Õß¿“…“μ“¡∑’Ë√–∫ÿ‰«â„πÀ≈—° Ÿμ√
°“√»÷°…“¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π æ.». 2544 Õ¬à“ß ¡∫Ÿ√≥å·≈–§√∫∂â«π „π à«π¢Õß°“√„™â¿“…“∑’Ë∂Ÿ°μâÕß (∑—Èß∑’ˇªìπ
∑“ß°“√·≈–‰¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√) ÷́Ë߇√’¬°«à“ Usage (§” «≈’ ”π«π) π—Èπ °Á¡’À—«¢âÕ∑’Ë°«â“ߢ«“ß·≈–
§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡°“√„™â ◊ËÕ “√„π¥â“πμà“ßÊ Õ¬à“ߧ√∫∂â«π
·¡â«à“Àπ—ß ◊Õ™ÿ¥π’È®–𔇠πÕ‡©æ“–‡π◊ÈÕÀ“ “√–¢Õß¿“…“À√◊Õ‰«¬“°√≥å ÷́Ëß∫“ß∑à“π‡ÀÁπ«à“
‡ªìπ§π≈–‡√◊ËÕß°—∫°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ ‚¥¬°≈à“«√«¡«à“ §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√‡√’¬∫‡√’¬ßª√–‚¬§¡‘„™à‡ªìπ
§«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ ·μຟâ‡√’¬π®–μâÕ߉¡à≈◊¡«à“‡π◊ÈÕÀ“ “√–¢Õß¿“…“§◊Õ√–∫∫¢Õß°“√ ◊ËÕ “√
À“°¢“¥§«“¡ “¡“√∂„π¥â“ππ’È °“√ ◊ËÕ “√°Á§ß®–μ‘¥¢—¥·≈–‰¡à≈◊Ëπ‰À≈ °“√»÷°…“‡π◊ÈÕÀ“ “√–¢Õß
¿“…“®÷߇ªìπ√“°∞“π (Foundation) ∑’˙૬„À⺟â‡√’¬π “¡“√∂ ◊ËÕ “√‰¥âÕ¬à“ß∂Ÿ°μâÕß À“°‰¥â√—∫°“√
æ—≤π“∑—°…–„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√∑’ˇªìπ‡ªÑ“À¡“¬ ‡™àπ °“√查À√◊Õ‡¢’¬π
°“√¡’§«“¡‡¢â“„®„π‡π◊ÈÕÀ“ “√–¢Õß¿“…“∑’Ë∂Ÿ°μâÕß ®–∑”„À⺟â ◊ËÕ “√ “¡“√∂· ¥ß§«“¡
§‘¥‡ÀÁπ„π‡√◊ËÕßμà“ßÊ ‰¥âÕ¬à“ß √â“ß √√§å ¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ ·≈–¡’ ÿπ∑√’¬¿“æ∑—ÈßÕ¬à“߇ªìπ∑“ß°“√
·≈–‰¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√ ∑—Èßπ’Ȭ—ß𔉪 Ÿà°“√‡ªìπºŸâ‡√’¬π∑’Ëæ÷Ëßμπ‡Õ߉¥â (Learner Independence) ·≈–
“¡“√∂‡√’¬π√Ÿâ‰¥âμ≈Õ¥™’«‘μ (Lifelong Learning) ‚¥¬„™â¿“…“μà“ߪ√–‡∑»‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√
· «ßÀ“§«“¡√Ÿâ‡æ‘Ë¡‡μ‘¡Õ¬à“ßμàÕ‡π◊ËÕß μ≈Õ¥®π„™â„π°“√»÷°…“μàÕ·≈–°“√ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æμ“¡∑’ËÀ≈—° Ÿμ√
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™à«ß™—Èπ∑’Ë 3 ™—Èπ¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑’Ë 1-3 μ“¡À≈—° Ÿμ√°“√»÷°…“¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π æÿ∑∏»—°√“™ 2544
“√–∑’Ë 1 ¿“…“‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ◊ËÕ “√
¡“μ√∞“π μ 1.1 : ‡¢â“„®°√–∫«π°“√øíß·≈–°“√Õà“π “¡“√∂μ’§«“¡‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π®“° ◊ËÕª√–‡¿∑μà“ßÊ ·≈–𔧫“¡√Ÿâ¡“„™âÕ¬à“ß¡’«‘®“√≥≠“≥
1. ‡¢â“„®¿“…“∑à“∑“ß πÈ”‡ ’¬ß §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢ÕߺŸâ查 √«¡∑—È߇¢â“„®§” —Ëß §”¢Õ√âÕß §”·π–𔧔Õ∏‘∫“¬∑’Ëæ∫„π ◊ËÕ®√‘ß
2. Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß∫∑Õà“π‰¥â∂Ÿ°μâÕßμ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ·≈–‡À¡“– ¡°—∫‡π◊ÈÕÀ“∑’ËÕà“π3. ‡¢â“„®·≈–μ’§«“¡ ◊ËÕ∑’ˉ¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß (Non-Text Information) „π√Ÿª·∫∫μà“ßÊ ‚¥¬∂à“¬‚Õπ
‡ªìπ¢âÕ§«“¡∑’Ë„™â∂âÕ¬§”¢Õßμπ‡Õß À√◊Õ∂à“¬‚Õπ¢âÕ§«“¡‡ªìπ ◊ËÕ∑’ˉ¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß4. ‡¢â“„® μ’§«“¡ ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫¢âÕ§«“¡ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ·≈–¢à“« “√ ®“° ◊ËÕ ‘Ëßæ‘¡æå
À√◊Õ ◊ËÕÕ‘‡≈Á°∑√Õπ‘° å‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕß∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„𧫓¡ π„®„π™’«‘μª√–®”«—π
¡“μ√∞“π μ 1.2 : ¡’∑—°…–„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√∑“ß¿“…“ ·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ¢à“« “√ · ¥ß§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° ·≈–§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‚¥¬„™â‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’·≈–°“√®—¥°“√∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡‡æ◊ËÕ°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâμ≈Õ¥™’«‘μ
1. „™â¿“…“μ“¡¡“√¬“∑∑“ß —ߧ¡ ‡æ◊ËÕ √â“ߧ«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ ·≈– “¡“√∂¥”‡π‘π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√Õ¬à“ßμàÕ‡π◊ËÕß ‚¥¬„™â ◊ËÕ‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿà„π·À≈àß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ∑—Èß„π·≈–πÕ° ∂“π»÷°…“
2. „™â¿“…“‡æ◊ËÕ· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ · ¥ß§«“¡μâÕß°“√¢Õßμπ ‡ πÕ§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ·≈–∫√‘°“√·°àºŸâÕ◊Ëπ ·≈–«“ß·ºπ„π°“√‡√’¬π ‚¥¬„™â ◊ËÕ‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿà„π·À≈àß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ∑—Èß„π·≈–πÕ° ∂“π»÷°…“
3. „™â¿“…“‡æ◊ËÕ¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ Õ∏‘∫“¬ ∫√√¬“¬ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫‡√◊ËÕß√“«μà“ßÊ „π™’«‘μª√–®”«—πª√– ∫°“√≥å¢Õßμπ‡Õß ·≈– ‘Ëß∑’Ëμπ π„® √â“ßÕߧ姫“¡√Ÿâ ‚¥¬„™âª√–‚¬™π宓° ◊ËÕ°“√‡√’¬π∑“ß¿“…“·≈–º≈®“°°“√Ωñ°∑—°…–μà“ßÊ √«¡∑—Èß«“ß·ºπ„π°“√‡√’¬π·≈–Õ“™’æ
4. „™â¿“…“‡æ◊ËÕ· ¥ß§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õßμπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫‡√◊ËÕß√“«μà“ßÊ „π™’«‘μª√–®”«—π ·≈–‚§√ß°“√„πÕπ“§μæ√âÕ¡∑—Èß„Àâ‡Àμÿº≈ ‚¥¬„™âª√–‚¬™π宓° ◊ËÕ°“√‡√’¬π∑“ß¿“…“·≈–º≈®“°°“√Ωñ°∑—°…–μà“ßÊ√«¡∑—Èß· «ßÀ“«‘∏’°“√‡√’¬π¿“…“μà“ߪ√–‡∑»∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡°—∫μπ‡Õß
¡“μ√∞“π μ 1.3 : ‡¢â“„®°√–∫«π°“√查 °“√‡¢’¬π ·≈– ◊ËÕ “√¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ §«“¡§‘¥√«∫¬Õ¥ ·≈–§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ„π‡√◊ËÕßμà“ßÊ ‰¥âÕ¬à“ß √â“ß √√§å ¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ ·≈–¡’ ÿπ∑√’¬¿“æ
1. 𔇠πÕ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡√◊ËÕß√“« —ÈπÊ À√◊Õ°‘®«—μ√ª√–®”«—π ª√– ∫°“√≥å √«¡∑—È߇Àμÿ°“√≥å∑—Ë«‰ª2. 𔇠πÕ§«“¡§‘¥√«∫¬Õ¥ ‡°’ˬ«°—∫ª√– ∫°“√≥å à«πμ—«À√◊Õ‡Àμÿ°“√≥åμà“ßÊ3. 𔇠πÕ§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ∑’Ë¡’μàÕ‡Àμÿ°“√≥åμà“ßÊ „π∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ·≈– —ߧ¡‚≈°‰¥âÕ¬à“ß √â“ß √√§å4. 𔇠πÕ∫∑‡æ≈ß ∫∑≈–§√ —Èπ (Skit) ‡Àμÿ°“√≥å ∫∑°«’ À√◊Õ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈®“° ◊ËÕª√–‡¿∑μà“ßÊ μ“¡
§«“¡ π„®¥â«¬§«“¡ πÿ° π“π
¡“μ√∞“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ™à«ß™—Èπ
¡“μ√∞“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ™à«ß™—Èπ
¡“μ√∞“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ™à«ß™—Èπ
“√–∑’Ë 2 ¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡
¡“μ√∞“π μ 2.1 : ‡¢â“„®§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß¿“…“°—∫«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ·≈–𔉪„™â‰¥âÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡°—∫°“≈‡∑»–
1. „™â¿“…“·≈–∑à“∑“ß„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√‰¥â‡À¡“– ¡°—∫√–¥—∫∫ÿ§§≈ ·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“2. √Ÿâ∑’Ë¡“·≈–‡Àμÿº≈¢Õßß“πª√–‡æ≥’ «—𠔧—≠¢Õß™“μ‘ »“ π“ ·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“
¡“μ√∞“π μ 2.2 : ‡¢â“„®§«“¡‡À¡◊Õπ·≈–§«“¡·μ°μà“ß√–À«à“ß¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“°—∫¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡‰∑¬ ·≈–π”¡“„™âÕ¬à“ß¡’«‘®“√≥≠“≥
1. ‡¢â“„®§«“¡·μ°μà“ß√–À«à“ß¿“…“μà“ߪ√–‡∑»°—∫¿“…“‰∑¬ „π‡√◊ËÕߧ” «≈’ ”π«π ª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ ·≈–𔉪„™âÕ¬à“ß∂Ÿ°μâÕß·≈–‡À¡“– ¡
2. ‡¢â“„®§«“¡‡À¡◊Õπ·≈–§«“¡·μ°μà“ß√–À«à“ß«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“°—∫¢Õ߉∑¬∑’Ë¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈μàÕ°“√„™â¿“…“ ·≈–𔉪„™â‰¥âÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡
3. ‡ÀÁπª√–‚¬™πå¢Õß°“√√Ÿâ¿“…“μà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√· «ßÀ“§«“¡√Ÿâ °“√‡¢â“ Ÿà —ߧ¡ ·≈–Õ“™’æ4. ‡ÀÁπ§ÿ≥§à“ ·≈–‡¢â“√à«¡°‘®°√√¡∑“ß¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡μ“¡§«“¡ π„®5. μ√–Àπ—°„π§ÿ≥§à“¢Õß¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡∑’ˇ√’¬π ·≈–𔧫“¡√Ÿâ§«“¡‡¢â“„®‡°’ˬ«°—∫¿“…“·≈–
«—≤π∏√√¡¡“ª√–¬ÿ°μå„π°“√æ—≤π“μπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ™ÿ¡™π ·≈– —ߧ¡
“√–∑’Ë 3 ¿“…“°—∫§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ
¡“μ√∞“π μ 3.1 : „™â¿“…“μà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß§«“¡√Ÿâ°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ ·≈–‡ªìπæ◊Èπ∞“π„π°“√æ—≤π“·≈–‡ªî¥‚≈°∑—»πå¢Õßμπ
1. ‡¢â“„®·≈–∂à“¬∑Õ¥‡π◊ÈÕÀ“ “√–¿“…“μà“ߪ√–‡∑»∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊ËπÊ ®“°·À≈àߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬
2. „™â¿“…“μà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√· «ßÀ“§«“¡√Ÿâ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊ËπÊ ¥â«¬«‘∏’°“√∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬
“√–∑’Ë 4 ¿“…“°—∫§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫™ÿ¡™π·≈–‚≈°
¡“μ√∞“π μ 4.1 : “¡“√∂„™â¿“…“μà“ߪ√–‡∑»μ“¡ ∂“π°“√≥åμà“ßÊ ∑—Èß„π ∂“π»÷°…“ ™ÿ¡™π ·≈– —ߧ¡1. „™â¿“…“μà“ߪ√–‡∑»μ“¡ ∂“π°“√≥åμà“ßÊ ¿“¬„π ∂“π»÷°…“·≈–™ÿ¡™π ¥â«¬«‘∏’°“√·≈–√Ÿª·∫∫
∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬2. „™â¿“…“μà“ߪ√–‡∑» ◊ËÕ “√„π√Ÿª·∫∫μà“ßÊ °—∫∫ÿ§§≈¿“¬„π ∂“π»÷°…“·≈–™ÿ¡™π
¡“μ√∞“π μ 4.2 : “¡“√∂„™â¿“…“μà“ߪ√–‡∑»‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ °“√»÷°…“μàÕ °“√ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ°“√ √â“ߧ«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ ·≈–°“√Õ¬Ÿà√à«¡°—π„π —ߧ¡
1. „™â¿“…“μà“ߪ√–‡∑»‡æ◊ËÕ ◊ËÕ “√„π°“√∑”ß“π ·≈– ¡—§√ß“π„π ∂“π°“√≥å®”≈Õß À√◊Õ ∂“π°“√≥å®√‘ß
2. „™â¿“…“μà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√ªØ‘∫—μ‘ß“π√à«¡°—∫ºŸâÕ◊ËπÕ¬à“ß¡’§«“¡ ÿ¢ ‚¥¬√Ÿâ®—°§«∫§ÿ¡μπ‡Õß √—∫øíߧ«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ¢ÕߺŸâÕ◊Ëπ · ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ¢ÕßμπÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ ·≈–‡®√®“‚πâ¡πâ“«μàÕ√ÕßÕ¬à“ß¡’‡Àμÿº≈
3. „™â¿“…“μà“ߪ√–‡∑»‡©æ“–¥â“π‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ °“√®—¥°“√¥â“π°“√‡√’¬π °“√»÷°…“μàÕ ·≈–/À√◊Õ¥â“πÕ“™’æ
4. „™â¿“…“μà“ߪ√–‡∑»‡º¬·æ√à ª√–™“ —¡æ—π∏å¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√¢Õß™ÿ¡™π∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ À√◊Õª√–‡∑»™“μ‘„π°“√ à߇ √‘¡À√◊Õ √â“ߧ«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ„π —ߧ¡
¡“μ√∞“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ™à«ß™—Èπ
¡“μ√∞“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ™à«ß™—Èπ
¡“μ√∞“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ™à«ß™—Èπ
¡“μ√∞“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ™à«ß™—Èπ
¡“μ√∞“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ™à«ß™—Èπ
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å “√–
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… New
Current E
nglis
h ¡.
1
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μ“
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44
“√–
∑’Ë 2
“√–
∑’Ë 3
¡∞. μ
1.1
“√–
∑’Ë 4
¡∞. μ
1.2
¡∞. μ
1.3
¡∞. μ
2.2
¡∞. μ
4.1
¡∞. μ
4.2
12
34
12
34
12
34
12
12
34
51
21
21
23
4
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¡∞. μ
2.1
Less
on 1
NOUN
S (I)
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓ ✓
✓✓
✓
Less
on 2
NOUN
S (II
)✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
Less
on 3
A, A
N, S
OME,
ANY
, ETC
.✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
Less
on 4
THE
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓ ✓
✓✓
✓
Less
on 5
PRON
OUNS
AND
POS
SESS
IVES
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓ ✓
✓✓
✓
Less
on 6
SENT
ENCE
S✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
Less
on 7
VERB
S✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
Less
on 8
ADJE
CTIV
ES✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
Less
on 9
ADVE
RBS
(I)✓
✓ ✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
Less
on 1
0AD
VERB
S (II
)✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
Less
on 1
1TH
E PR
ESEN
T SI
MPL
E✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
Less
on 1
2TH
E PR
ESEN
T CO
NTIN
UOUS
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓ ✓
✓✓
✓
Less
on 1
3TH
E FU
TURE
SIM
PLE
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓ ✓
✓✓
✓
Less
on 1
4CA
N, M
UST,
SHO
ULD,
MAY
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓ ✓
✓✓
✓
Less
on 1
5AG
REEM
ENT
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓ ✓
✓✓
✓
Less
on 1
6CO
MPA
RISO
N✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
Less
on 1
7TH
E PA
ST S
IMPL
E✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
Less
on 1
8TH
E PR
ESEN
T PE
RFEC
T✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
Less
on 1
9QU
ESTI
ONS
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓ ✓
✓✓
✓
Less
on 2
0CO
NJUN
CTIO
NS✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
✓✓
Àπâ“
Lesson 1 NOUNS (I) 1
Lesson 2 NOUNS (II) 11
Lesson 3 A, AN, SOME, ANY, ETC. 23
Lesson 4 THE 40
Lesson 5 PRONOUNS AND POSSESSIVES 54
Lesson 6 SENTENCES 68
Lesson 7 VERBS 81
Lesson 8 ADJECTIVES 92
Lesson 9 ADVERBS (I) 105
Lesson 10 ADVERBS (II) 114
Lesson 11 THE PRESENT SIMPLE 128
Lesson 12 THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS 140
Lesson 13 THE FUTURE SIMPLE 150
Àπâ“
Lesson 14 CAN, MUST, SHOULD, MAY 164
Lesson 15 AGREEMENT 178
Lesson 16 COMPARISON 187
Lesson 17 THE PAST SIMPLE 199
Lesson 18 THE PRESENT PERFECT 211
Lesson 19 QUESTIONS 223
Lesson 20 CONJUNCTIONS 237
1
N ouns §”π“¡
‰¥â·°à §”∑’Ë„™â‡√’¬° §π —μ«å ‘ËߢÕß œ≈œ ·∫àßÕÕ°‡ªìπ 2 ™π‘¥ §◊Õ
1. Common Nouns (§”π“¡∑—Ë«‰ª) ‰¥â·°à §”π“¡∑’Ë„™â‡√’¬° ‘Ëßμà“ßÊ ∑—Ë«Ê ‰ª ‡™àπ teacher(§√Ÿ), pupil (π—°‡√’¬π), school (‚√߇√’¬π)
2. Proper Nouns (§”π“¡‡©æ“–) ‰¥â·°à §”π“¡∑’ˇªìπ™◊ËÕ‡√’¬°‡©æ“–¢Õß §π —μ«å ‘ËߢÕß
§”»—æ∑å §«“¡À¡“¬ ª√–‡¿∑
Tuesday «—π՗ߧ“√ ™◊ËÕ«—πJuly ‡¥◊Õπ°√°Æ“§¡ ™◊ËÕ‡¥◊ÕπBangkok °√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√ ™◊ËÕ‡¡◊ÕßThailand ª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ ™◊ËÕª√–‡∑»English ¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ… ™◊ËÕ¿“…“Asia ‡Õ‡™’¬ ™◊ËÕ∑«’ªHualampong Station ∂“π’√∂‰øÀ—«≈”‚æß ™◊ËÕ ∂“π’√∂‰øSuan Kularb School ‚√߇√’¬π «π°ÿÀ≈“∫ ™◊ËÕ‚√߇√’¬πThammasat University ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬∏√√¡»“ μ√å ™◊ËÕ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬
„Àâπ—°‡√’¬π —߇°μ §”π”Àπâ“™◊ËÕ‡©æ“–¢Õߧπ„π¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫„π¿“…“‰∑¬
¥—ßμàÕ‰ªπ’È
Mr Smith 𓬠¡‘∏ (À√◊Õ Mr John Smith)
(Mr Õà“π«à“ ¡‘ ‡μÕ√å „™âπ”Àπâ“™◊ËÕ °ÿ≈ºŸâ™“¬) 1
Mrs Rose π“ß‚√ (À√◊Õ Mrs Janet Rose)
(Mrs Õà“π«à“ ¡‘ ´‘ „™âπ”Àπâ“™◊ËÕ °ÿ≈ºŸâÀ≠‘ß∑’Ë·μàßß“π·≈â«)
Miss Grey π“ß “«‡°√¬å (À√◊Õ Miss Mary Grey)
(Miss Õà“π«à“ ¡‘ „™âπ”Àπâ“™◊ËÕ °ÿ≈ºŸâÀ≠‘ß∑’ˬ—߉¡à‰¥â·μàßß“π)
NOUNS ( I )
1 ¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…·∫∫Õ‡¡√‘°—π„™â Mr. ·≈– Mrs. (¡’®ÿ¥) ¬àÕ¡“®“° Mister ·≈– Missis À√◊Õ Missus (·μà‚¥¬ª°μ‘®–‰¡à„™â√Ÿª‡μÁ¡)
™◊ËÕ∑’Ëπ”Àπâ“™◊ËÕ °ÿ≈ (family name) ‡√’¬°«à“ first name (John, Janet, Mary)
11
2
™◊ËÕ‡©æ“–μâÕ߇¢’¬ππ”¥â«¬μ—«„À≠à ‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—∫§”¢÷Èπμâπª√–‚¬§
Today is Monday, May 17th. «—ππ’È«—π®—π∑√å∑’Ë 17 情¿“§¡
Thailand is in Asia. ª√–‡∑»‰∑¬Õ¬Ÿà„π∑«’ª‡Õ‡™’¬
Dang is Mr Aroonûs son. ·¥ß‡ªìπ≈Ÿ°¢Õßπ“¬Õ√ÿ≥
®ß®—∫§Ÿà§”π“¡∑—Ë«‰ª°—∫§”π“¡‡©æ“– ‚¥¬°√Õ°Õ—°…√ a, b, c, d,etc. ¢Õߧ”π“¡‡©æ“–
À≈—ߧ”π“¡∑—Ë«‰ª
Example : §”μÕ∫¢ÕߢâÕ 1 §◊Õ (h) (Toob ‡ªìπ™◊ËÕ‡©æ“–¢Õß ÿπ—¢)
Common Nouns Proper Nouns
1. a dog ( ) a. England
2. a month ( ) b. The Chao Phraya
3. a language ( ) c. Lumpini
4. a river ( ) d. London
5. a country1 ( ) e. English
6. a continent2 ( ) f. February
7. a capital3 ( ) g. Bhumibol Adulyadej
8. a heroine4
( ) h. Toob
9. a park5
( ) i. Khunying Mo
10. a king ( ) j. Africa
11. a woman ( ) k. Chiang Mai
l. Mrs Robinson
1 ª√–‡∑» 2 ∑«’ª 3 ‡¡◊Õß 4 «’√ μ√’ 5 «π “∏“√≥–
h
febajdicgl
3
®ß‡¢’¬πª√–‚¬§‚¥¬„™âμ—«Õ—°…√π”·≈–‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬«√√§μÕπ∑⓬ª√–‚¬§„Àâ∂Ÿ°μâÕß
Examples : i see mr smith every day - I see Mr Smith every day.
are you from england - Are you from England?
1. today is tuesday, june 24th
2. it is very hot in bangkok in april and may
3. preecha is mr udom’s son
4. my friend somsak is chinese
5. do people in england speak french
6. are europe, asia, africa and australia big continents
7. does miss brown work with mr richard
8. is this englishman from london
9. my father is mr somboon of chiang mai
10. here is robert, my french friend
F orms of Nouns √Ÿª·∫∫μà“ß Ê ¢Õߧ”π“¡1. §”π“¡Õ“®‡ªì𧔇¥’¬« ‡™àπ
man ºŸâ™“¬, §π movie ¿“æ¬πμ√åmango ¡–¡à«ß garden «π
2. §”π“¡Õ“®‡ªìπ§”º ¡√–À«à“ßπ“¡ Õߧ”°Á‰¥â1 ‡™àπ
mango2 tree μâπ¡–¡à«ß kitchen garden «π§√—«movie star ¥“√“¿“æ¬πμ√å language teacher §√Ÿ Õπ¿“…“tear gas ·°ä πÈ”μ“ coffee shop √â“π°“·ø
§”º ¡μàÕ‰ªπ’ȇ¢’¬πμ‘¥°—π‡ªì𧔇¥’¬«bedroom ÀâÕßπÕπ bathroom ÀâÕßπÈ”postman ∫ÿ√ÿ…‰ª√…≥’¬å armchair ‡°â“Õ’È¡’∑’ˇ∑â“·¢πtoothbrush ·ª√ß ’øíπ teaspoon ™âÕπ™“
„Àâπ—°‡√’¬π —߇°μ«à“ bedroom ¡“®“° bed (‡μ’¬ß) ·≈– room (ÀâÕß) teaspoon ¡“®“°tea (™“) ·≈– spoon (™âÕπ) œ≈œ
1 °“√‡¢’¬π§”ª√–‡¿∑π’È ∫“ߧ√—Èß°Á¡’ (›) ‡™àπ room-mate = ‡æ◊ËÕπ√à«¡ÀâÕßæ—°2 π“¡§”Àπâ“μâÕßÕ¬Ÿà„π√Ÿª‡Õ°æ®πå‡ ¡Õ ‡™àπ a letter box = μŸâ√—∫®¥À¡“¬ (æÀŸæ®πå : letter boxes) a pencil case = °≈àÕß„ ॑π Õ
(æÀŸæ®πå : pencil cases)
Today is Tuesday, June 24th.
It is very hot in Bangkok in April and May.
Preecha is Mr Udomûs son.
My friend Somsak is Chinese.
Do people in England speak French?
Are Europe, Asia, Africa and
Does Miss Brown work with Mr Richard?
Is this Englishman from London?
My father is Mr Somboon of Chiang Mai.
Here is Robert, my French friend.
Australia big continents?
4
F ormation of Nouns °“√ √â“ߧ”π“¡
1. §”π“¡Õ“® √â“ß¡“®“°§”°√‘¬“‰¥â‚¥¬‡μ‘¡ er ∑⓬§”°√‘¬“ (∂â“≈ß∑⓬¥â«¬ e Õ¬Ÿà·≈â«„Àâ
‡μ‘¡ r ‰¥â‡≈¬) ¡’§«“¡À¡“¬ = 纟âé À√◊Õ çπ—°é (°“√ –°¥μ—«¿“¬„πÕ“®¡’°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß∫â“ß) ‡™àπ
Verbs Nouns
paint ∑“ ’, «“¥¿“æ painter ™à“ß∑“ ’, ®‘μ√°√
teach Õπ teacher ºŸâ Õπ, §√Ÿ
work ∑”ß“π worker §πß“π
travel ‡¥‘π∑“ß traveller ºŸâ‡¥‘π∑“ß
run «‘Ëß runner ºŸâ«‘Ëß, π—°«‘Ëß
write ‡¢’¬π writer ºŸâ‡¢’¬π, π—°‡¢’¬π
drive ¢—∫ (√∂) driver §π¢—∫√∂
A teacher teaches pupils. §√Ÿ Õππ—°‡√’¬π
A writer writes books. π—°‡¢’¬π‡¢’¬πÀπ—ß ◊Õ
§”¬°‡«â𠧔π“¡μàÕ‰ªπ’È≈ß∑⓬¥â«¬ -isttype (æ‘¡æ奒¥) typist (æπ—°ß“πæ‘¡æ奒¥)
tour (∑àÕ߇∑’ˬ«) tourist (π—°∑àÕ߇∑’ˬ«)
cycle (¢’Ë®—°√¬“π) cyclist (ºŸâ¢’Ë®—°√¬“π)
√«¡∑—Èß pianist (π—°‡≈àπ‡ªï¬‚π) guitarist (π—°‡≈àπ°’μ“√å) œ≈œ
2. §”π“¡®”π«π¡“°¡’√Ÿª¡“®“°§”§ÿ≥»—æ∑å (Adjective) ‡μ‘¡ -ness ¡—°·ª≈π”«à“ ç°“√é
À√◊Õ ç§«“¡é
Adjectives Nouns
good ¥’ goodness §«“¡¥’
bold °≈â“ boldness §«“¡°≈â“
happy ÿ¢ happiness §«“¡ ÿ¢
sweet À«“π sweetness §«“¡À«“π
5
·≈–„Àâπ—°‡√’¬π®¥®”§”π“¡ 4 §” ∑’Ë¡’√Ÿª¡“®“°§”§ÿ≥»—æ∑åμàÕ‰ªπ’È
Adjectives Nouns
high Ÿß height (‰Œâ∑⁄) §«“¡ Ÿßwide °«â“ß width («‘¥∏⁄) §«“¡°«â“ßdeep ≈÷° depth (‡¥âæ∏⁄) §«“¡≈÷°long ¬“« length (‡≈âß∏⁄) §«“¡¬“«
This river is wide. ·¡àπÈ”π’È°«â“ßIts width is twenty metres. §«“¡°«â“ߢÕß¡—π 20 ‡¡μ√
= It is twenty metres in width.
A ®ß‡μ‘¡§”μàÕ‰ªπ’È≈ß„πª√–‚¬§„Àâ∂Ÿ°μâÕß
rose garden teaspoon schoolteacher
apple tree bedroom toothbrush
sea water teacup banana leaves2
telephone number milk jug1 wineglasses
Example : The number of a telephone is a telephone number.
1. The leaves of a banana tree are .
2. The water of the sea is .
3. The teacher of a school is a .
4. A room with a bed is a .
5. A tree with apples is an .
6. A garden with roses is a .
7. A spoon for tea is a .
8. A jug for milk is a .
9. A brush for teeth is a .
10. A cup for tea is a .
1 jug = ‡À¬◊Õ° 2 „∫°≈⫬
banana leaves2
sea waterschoolteacher
bedroomapple treerose garden
teaspoon2
milk jugtoothbrush
teacup
6
B ®ß‡μ‘¡ª√–‚¬§¥â«¬§”π“¡∑’Ë¡“®“°§”°√‘¬“∑’Ëæ‘¡æå¥â«¬μ—«‡Õπ¥”
Example : This man paints well. - He is a good painter.
1. This man teaches well. He is a good .
2. This man drives well. He is a good .
3. This boy fights1 well. He is a good .
4. This girl dances2 well. She is a good .
5. That woman works well. She is a good .
C ®ßμÕ∫§”∂“¡‚¥¬„™â§”π“¡∑’Ë¡“®“°§”°√‘¬“„π«ß‡≈Á∫
Example : What does he do? (paint) - He is a painter.
1. What does she do? (write)
2. What does he do? (box3)
3. What does Dang do? (sing)
4. What does Narong do? (type)
5. What do you do? (tour)
®ß‡¢’¬πª√–‚¬§„À¡à‚¥¬„™â§”π“¡·∑𧔧ÿ≥»—æ∑å∑’Ëæ‘¡æå¥â«¬μ—«‡Õπ¥”
Example : The building4 is ten metres high.
- The building is ten metres in height.
- The height of the building is ten metres.
1 μàÕ Ÿâ 2 ‡μâπ√” 3 μàÕ¬, ™° 4 Õ“§“√ 5 √–πÈ” 6 ‡ “ 7 ·¡àπÈ” 8 ¿Ÿ‡¢“
1. The pool5 is ten feet deep.
2. The pole6 is six feet long.
3. The road is ten metres wide.
4. The river7 is seven feet deep.
5. The hill8 is five hundred feet high.
teacherdriverfighterdancerworker
She is a writer.He is a boxer.Dang is a singer.Narong is a typist.I am a tourist.
The pool is ten feet in depth.The depth of the pool is ten feet.
The pole is six feet in length.The length of the pole is six feet.
The road is ten metres in width.The width of the road is ten metres.
The river is seven feet in depth.The depth of the river is seven feet.
The hill is five hundred feet in height.The height of the hill is five hundredfeet.
7
1 À≠‘ß‚ ¥∑’ËÕ“¬ÿ¡“°„™â old maid 2 „™â groom §”‡¥’¬«°Á‰¥â
H e-words and she-words √Ÿª§”· ¥ß‡æ»™“¬·≈–‡æ»À≠‘ß1. §”π“¡∑’Ë„™â‡√’¬°§πÀ√◊Õ —μ«å Õ“®¡’‰¥â 2 §” §◊Õ §”‡√’¬°‡æ»™“¬ ·≈–§”‡√’¬°‡æ»À≠‘ß
à«π¡“°§”‡√’¬°‡æ»À≠‘ß¡’√Ÿª¡“®“°§”‡√’¬°‡æ»™“¬‚¥¬‡μ‘¡ -ess (°“√ –°¥μ—«¿“¬„πÕ“®¡’°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈߇≈Á°πâÕ¬)
çHeé words çSheé words
prince ‡®â“™“¬ princess ‡®â“À≠‘ßsteward æπ—°ß“πμâÕπ√—∫™“¬ stewardess æπ—°ß“πμâÕπ√—∫À≠‘ßhost ‡®â“¿“æ, ‡®â“∫â“𙓬 hostess ‡®â“¿“æ, ‡®â“∫â“πÀ≠‘ßlion ‘ß‚μμ—«ºŸâ lioness ‘ß‚μμ—«‡¡’¬
§”π“¡‡æ»™“¬μàÕ‰ªπ’È≈ß∑⓬¥â«¬ er À√◊Õ or ·μà®–‡ª≈’ˬπ‡ªìπ ress
actor ºŸâ· ¥ß™“¬ actress ºŸâ· ¥ßÀ≠‘ßtiger ‡ ◊Õμ—«ºŸâ tigress ‡ ◊Õμ—«‡¡’¬waiter æπ—°ß“π‡ ‘√åø™“¬ waitress æπ—°ß“π‡ ‘√åøÀ≠‘ßheadmaster §√Ÿ„À≠à, headmistress §√Ÿ„À≠à,
Õ“®“√¬å„À≠à (™“¬) Õ“®“√¬å„À≠à (À≠‘ß)
2. §”π“¡‡æ»À≠‘ß∫“ߧ”¡’≈—°…≥–摇»… ·≈–∫“ß∑’°Á‡ªì𧔄À¡à ∑’˧«√®”¡’¥—ßπ’È
çHeé words çSheé words
bachelor ™“¬‚ ¥ spinster À≠‘ß‚ ¥1
hero «’√∫ÿ√ÿ… heroine «’√ μ√’wizard («‘‡´‘¥) æàÕ¡¥ witch ·¡à¡¥widower æàÕÀ¡â“¬ widow ·¡àÀ¡â“¬bridegroom2 (∫‰√¥⁄°√Ÿ¡) ‡®â“∫à“« bride (∫‰√¥⁄) ‡®â“ “«nephew À≈“𙓬 niece (π’´) À≈“π “«gander Àà“πμ—«ºŸâ goose Àà“πμ—«‡¡’¬husband “¡’ wife ¿√√¬“landlord ‡®â“¢Õß∫â“π„Àâ‡™à“ (™“¬) landlady ‡®â“¢Õß∫â“π„Àâ‡™à“ (À≠‘ß)cock ‰°àμ—«ºŸâ hen ·¡à‰°à, ‰°àμ—«‡¡’¬horse ¡â“μ—«ºŸâ mare ¡â“μ—«‡¡’¬
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§”Õ◊Ëπ Ê ∑’Ëπ—°‡√’¬π√Ÿâ®—°·≈â« °Á¡’ father (æàÕ) › mother (·¡à), brother (æ’Ë™“¬À√◊ÕπâÕß™“¬) › sister (æ’Ë “«À√◊ÕπâÕß “«), king (æ√–‡®â“·ºàπ¥‘π) › queen (æ√–√“™‘π’), cock(‰°àμ—«ºŸâ) › hen (‰°àμ—«‡¡’¬), ox («—«μ—«ºŸâ) › cow («—«μ—«‡¡’¬) ‡ªìπμâπ
1 ·μà‡¡◊ËÕ∑√“∫‡æ»¢Õß —μ«åπ—Èπ Ê ™—¥‡®π °ÁμâÕß„™â he (his...) À√◊Õ she (her...) ·∑𠇙àπ The hen is with her chicks.(hen À¡“¬∂÷߉°àμ—«‡¡’¬‡∑à“π—Èπ) Sheûs a sweet little cat. I like her very much. (· ¥ß«à“·¡«¢Õ߇¢“‡ªìπμ—«‡¡’¬)
2 À√◊Õ son °—∫ daughter ·≈â«·μà„®§«“¡
(i) ‡√“„™â he, him (‡¢“ºŸâ™“¬) ·∑π§πºŸâ™“¬ ‡Õ°æ®πå (his = ¢Õ߇¢“ºŸâ™“¬)
she, her (‡¢“ºŸâÀ≠‘ß) ·∑π§πºŸâÀ≠‘ß ‡Õ°æ®πå (her = ¢Õ߇¢“ºŸâÀ≠‘ß)
it (¡—π) ·∑π —μ«å ‡Õ°æ®πå ∑—Ë«Ê ‰ª (its = ¢Õß¡—π1)
they, them (æ«°‡¢“∑—ÈßÀ≈“¬, æ«°¡—π∑—ÈßÀ≈“¬) ·∑π§”π“¡æÀŸæ®πå∑ÿ°™π‘¥·≈–∑ÿ°‡æ»
(their = ¢Õßæ«°‡¢“À√◊Õæ«°¡—π∑—ÈßÀ≈“¬)
I have a niece. She is beautiful. (niece = À≈“π “«)
I have two nieces. They are beautiful.
(ii) §”π“¡‡√’¬°§π∫“ߧ”‡ªì𧔰≈“ßÊ ®–À¡“¬∂÷ߺŸâÀ≠‘ßÀ√◊ÕºŸâ™“¬°Á‰¥â ‡™àπ
friend ‡æ◊ËÕπ enemy »—μ√Ÿ cousin ≈Ÿ°æ’Ë≈Ÿ°πâÕß
servant §π„™â person ∫ÿ§§≈ pupil π—°‡√’¬π
teacher §√Ÿ student π—°»÷°…“ cook §π§√—«
child ‡¥Á°, ≈Ÿ° guest ·¢° (ºŸâ√—∫‡™‘≠) relative ≠“μ‘
She is a good teacher.
‡¢“‡ªìπ§√Ÿ∑’Ë¥’ („™â she · ¥ß«à“‡ªìπ§√ŸºŸâÀ≠‘ß)
The servant has a ribbon in her hair.
§π„™â¡’‚∫§“¥∑’˺¡ („™â her ‡æ√“– servant ‡ªìπºŸâÀ≠‘ß)
My cousin is playing football with his friends.
≈Ÿ°æ’Ë≈Ÿ°πâÕߢÕß©—π°”≈—߇≈àπøÿμ∫Õ≈°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπÊ ¢Õ߇¢“
(„™â his ‡æ√“– cousin ‡ªìπºŸâ™“¬)
„π°√≥’∑’ËμâÕß°“√„À⧔π“¡π—ÈπÊ √–∫ÿ‡æ»„Àâ™—¥‡®π °Á®”‡ªìπμâÕß„™â§”Õ◊Ëπ·∑𠇙àπ „™â boy
À√◊Õ girl2 ·∑π child „™â boyfriend À√◊Õ girlfriend ·∑π friend ‡©¬Ê ‡ªìπμâπ
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®ß®—¥§”π“¡ 22 §”¢â“ß≈à“ßπ’È„Àâμ√ßμ“¡§”∫Õ°‡æ»™“¬À√◊Õ‡æ»À≠‘ß ·≈â«°√Õ°≈ß„π™àÕß«à“ß∑’Ë®—¥‰«â
son wife hero widow
lioness steward bride waiter
landlady host grandson1 stewardess
landlord lion daughter bridegroom
husband heroine waitress widower
granddaughter hostess
“He” words “She” words
Example : 1. son daughter
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
1 À≈“𙓬 (≈Ÿ°¢Õß≈Ÿ°) à«π nephew À¡“¬∂÷ßÀ≈“𙓬´÷Ë߇ªìπ≈Ÿ°¢Õßæ’ËÀ√◊ÕπâÕß
husband wifehero heroinewidower widowlion lionesssteward stewardessbridegroom bridewaiter waitresslandlord landladyhost hostessgrandson granddaughter
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A ®ßμÕ∫§”∂“¡μàÕ‰ªπ’Èμ“¡§«“¡‡ªìπ®√‘ß
Example : Is a widow a man or a woman? - A widow is a woman.
1. Is a waiter a man or a woman?
2. Is a hero a man or a woman?
3. Is a bridegroom a man or a woman?
4. Is a witch a man or a woman?
5. Is an uncle a man or a woman?
6. Is an air-hostess1 a man or a woman?
7. Is a nephew a man or a woman?
8. Is a headmistress a man or a woman?
9. Is a hostess a man or a woman?
10. Is an actor a man or a woman?
B ®ß¢’¥‡ âπ„μ⧔∑’Ë∂Ÿ°μâÕß„π«ß‡≈Á∫
Example : Is (he, she) a bachelor?
1. Is (he, she) an actor?
2. Is (he, she) your boyfriend?
3. Is (he, she) an air-hostess?
4. The girl is with (his, her) friend.
5. The waitress is in (his, her) room.
6. The bride has white roses in (his, her) hair.
7. The steward has a hat on (his, her) head.
8. The cow is in the field with (her, its) calf2.
9. The cat has something in (his, its) mouth.
10. The teacher has a ribbon in (his, her) hair.
11. The teacher is pulling (his, her) tie.
12. This is my friend Anong. Isn’t (he, she) beautiful?
13. This is my friend Sombat. Isn’t (he, she) handsome?
14. My cousin is playing takraw3 with (his, her) friends.
15. The servant is washing (his, her) skirt.
1 air-hostess = air-stewardess 2 ≈Ÿ°«—« 3 μ–°√âÕ
A waiter is a man.A hero is a man.
A bridegroom is a man.A witch is a woman.An uncle is a man.
An air-hostess is a woman.A nephew is a man.
A headmistress is a woman.A hostess is a woman.An actor is a man.