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CHAPTER 2 : FORCES AND MOTION

Extra Questions

Paper 1

1 Which is the most suitable unit for measuring the time taken by a ball to fall from the roof ofa 30-m tall building to the ground?A secondB minuteC hour

D day

2 The following diagram shows a girl throwing a stone vertically upwards. The stone leavesher hand when it is 1 m above the ground. It rises to a height of 15 m above the ground andthen falls down onto the roof of a house. The roof of the house is 10 m high. What are thetotal distance travelled by the stone and the displacement of the stone?

Total distance DisplacementA 19 m 9 m ( upwards)B 20 m 9 m ( upwards)

C 20 m 10 m ( upwards)D 15 m 10 m ( upwards)

NEXUS VISTA SPM PHYSICS FORMS 4 & 5

Page 130 (Extra Questions) Supplementary Materials for

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3 The following diagram shows five vectors. Which two vectors are identical?

A d ar

r

andB eb

r

r

andC ac

r r

and D ce

r r

and

4 The following diagram shows the route of a car travelling from town A to town B.

What is the displacement of the car ?A 5 km east B 10 km eastC 28.9 km east D 32.4 km east

er

d r

cr

ar

br

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5 A trolley is moving along a straight line and the information concerning its motion isrecorded as follows.

Time/s Direction Distance travelled /m

0 - 00-1 forward 10

1-2 backwards 252-3 forward 303-4 forward 15

What is the displacement of the trolley?A 10 m forward B 30 m forwardC 20 m backwards D 40 m backwards

6 A trolley is moving along a straight line and the information concerning its motion isrecorded as follows.

Time/s Direction Distance travelled /m0 - 0

0-1 forward 101-2 backwards 252-3 forward 303-4 forward 15

What is the total distance travelled by the trolley?A 10 m B 30 mC 50 m D 80 m

7 Stephen walks for 3 minutes from point A to point B along the path shown below.

What is the average speed of Stephen?A 0.99 m s -1 B 0.667 m s -1

C 0.44 m s -1 D 0.35 m s -1

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8 The following diagram shows a velocity-time graph of a moving object.

Which of the following statements about the motion of the object is/ are correct?I The acceleration along AB is the largest throughout the whole journey.II The object changes its travelling direction at C .III The object has non-zero displacement in the positive direction.A I only B II onlyC I and III only D I, II and III only

9 The following diagram shows the variation of the velocity of an object with time.

The average velocity for the first 20 seconds isA 15 m s -1 B 20 m s -1 C 25 m s -1 D 30 m s -1

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11 Which of the following can be explained by using Newtons first law?I A boy standing on a bus is pulled backwards when the bus starts moving.II On a smooth surface, when you push another person in front of you, you will move

backwards.III Balls of different masses reached the ground at the same time in Galileos experiment.

( The balls were dropped from the same level of the tower of Pisa)A I onlyB II onlyC III onlyD I and II only

12 Two objects, connected by an inextensible string, are pulled along a smooth surface.

The pulling is stepped when the string becomes tight. Which of the following statements iscorrect?A The string becomes slack as the smaller object travels faster.B The string remains straight as both objects move with the same velocity due to their

inertia.C The smaller object keeps moving because there is a force from the larger object pulling

it.D The heavier object slows down as it is pulled backwards by the lighter object.

13 Box A of 10 kg is placed on a horizontal floor.

If all the surfaces are smooth, what is the acceleration of A when a force of 15 N is exertedon A horizontally?A 1 m s -2 B 0.5 m s -2

C 1.5 m s-2

D 0 m s-2

14 Tom gives a sudden push to his toy car of mass 50 g. The car runs on the rough floor with aninitial velocity of 2 m s -1 and stops after travelling for a distance of 4 m. What is the averagefrictional force acting on the car?A 0.01 N B 0.025 NC 0.05 N D 0.1 N

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15 Which of the following graphs show that a constant resultant force is acting on an object?I II

III

A I and II onlyB I and III onlyC II and III onlyD I, II and III

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16 Two objects are connected to a spring balance and hung from the ceiling as shown below.The string is then cut at the point indicated by the arrow.

Which of the following combinations describing the change in the reading on the balance iscorrect?

Before After

A 10 N 10 NB 10 N 0 NC 30 N 10 ND 30 N 0 N

17 If the weight of a boy is 750 N on the Earth, what is his weight on Jupiter?( Given : g on Jupiter = 26 m s -2 )A 750 N B 1 500 NC 1 950 N D 2 880 NE 7 500 N

18 If forces of 20 N and 30 N act at the same point, what are the greatest and the least resultantforces that they can produce?

Greatest Least

A 36 N 20 NB 50 N 30 NC 50 N 10 ND 70 N 5 N

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19 A ball is put on a smooth table and it is pulled by two forces, one towards north and the othertowards east. The planes of the forces and table surface are horizontal.

In order to keep the ball moving in the same direction at a constant velocity, an additionalforce is required. Find the magnitude of the additional force.A 5 NB 13 NC 17 ND 60 N

20 Jeanie steps on to a weighing scale in a lift and the reading of the scale is 550 N.

If her mass is 45 kg, which of the following statements about the lift is correct?

A The lift is moving up with an acceleration of 2.22 m s-2

.B The lift is moving down with an acceleration of 1.8 m s -2.C The lift is moving down with an acceleration of 2.22 m s -2.D The lift is moving up with a deceleration of 1.8 m s -2.

F 1= 5 N

F 2 = 12 N

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21 Pairs of forces, F A and F B, act in three different situations. Which of them is/ are examples ofaction-and-reaction pairs according to Newtons third law?I II

III

A II onlyB III onlyC I and II onlyD II and III only

22 Which of the following statements about weight is correct?A Weight is acceleration.B Weight is measured in kg.C Weight is the same as mass.D Weight is the pull of gravity.

23 A car accelerates from rest and attains a speed of 200 km h -1 in 10 s. What is its averageacceleration?A 2 m s -2 B 2.78 m s -2 C 4.57 m s -2 D 5.56 m s -2 E 10 m s -2

F A = air resistance F B = weight of the ball

F A = tension that holds the object F B = weight of the object

F A = force exerted on the plane by the ejected gas F B = force exerted on the ejected gas by the plane

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24 The following diagram shows the positions of a ball when the time, t = 0 s, 1s, 2 s and 3 s.

What is the acceleration of the ball?A 1 m s -2 B 2 m s -2 C 3 m s -2 D 4.67 m s -2 E 5 m s -2

Paper 2

1 The diagram below shows two cars on a racetrack. Car A is moving at a uniform speed of 20m s -1 and car B is initially at rest.

(a) Car B has to accelerate so that it can overtake car A before car A passes the finishing line.If the acceleration of car B is 5 m s -2, find the time taken by car B to reach the finishingline.

[ 2 marks ]

20 m s -1t = 0 sv = 0 m s -1

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(b) Find the time taken by car A to reach the finishing line.

[ 2 marks ]

(c) Which car will pass the finishing line first?________________________________________________________________________

[ 1 mark ]

2 A ferry travels in almost a straight line between Kuala Perlis and Kuah Langkawi. It starts atKuala Perlis and takes 2 minutes to accelerate to a velocity of 0.15 km min -1. It then travels ata constant speed for 6 minutes. Finally, the ferry slows down uniformly and stops after 2

minutes.(a) Sketch a velocity-time graph for the ferry.

[ 4 marks ](b) From (a), find the displacement of the ferry.

[ 2 marks ]

3 Car A stopped suddenly on a road. At that instant, another car B was 30 m behind car A andwas travelling at a uniform velocity of 15 m s -1.

At the instant that the driver of car B saw car A stopping, he reacted and applied thebrakes. The following is the velocity-time graph for car B.

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(a) What is the reaction time of the driver of car B?

[ 1 mark ](b) Find the deceleration of car B from 0.6 s to 4 s.

[ 2 marks ](c) Find the stopping distance of car B. Will car B crash into car A?

[4 marks ]

(d) For a safety measure, cars are installed with seat belts. Explain the use of the seat belts.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[ 4 marks ]

4 Two boxes which are tied to each other are at rest on a smooth surface. John uses a force of100 N to pull them to the right.

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(a) Find the acceleration of the boxes.

[ 2 marks ](b) Find the tension in the string which ties the boxes.

[ 2 marks ]

5 A block of mass 2 kg is placed on a rough surface and is pulled by a force F as shown.

(a) The block starts to move with a constant speed when F is increased to 5 N. What is thefriction between the block and the surface?

[ 1 mark ]

(b) Find the acceleration of the block when F is increased to 8 N.

[ 2 marks ]

(c) The force stops acting suddenly when the block is moving. Find the subsequentacceleration of the block.

[ 2 marks ]

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6 A ball is thrown vertically upwards from A at the top of a building with an initial speed of 10m s -1. It takes 6 seconds to reach the ground. Take the upward direction as positive.

(a) What are the speed and acceleration of the ball at B?

[ 2 marks ]

(b) What is the distance AB?

[ 2 marks ](c) What is the height of the building?

[ 2 marks ]

(d) What is the speed of the ball when it strikes the ground at C ?

[ 2 marks ]

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7 A hot air balloon is tied to the ground by two ropes to stop it from taking off. The weight ofthe balloon is 7 650 N and the upward force is 8 000 N.

The ropes are cut and the balloon starts to move upwards.

(a) Find the tension in each string before the ropes are cut.

[ 2 marks ](b) Calculate the initial acceleration of the balloon.

[ 3 marks ]

(c) Explain how the acceleration of the balloon changes during the first ten seconds of itsflight.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[ 4 marks ]

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(d) When the balloon is still accelerating, the balloonist throws some bags of sand over theside. Explain how this affects the acceleration of the balloon.

[ 2 marks ]

8 A man of mass 50 kg carries out an experiment in a lift. In the lift, he steps on a weighingscale which is graduated in newtons.(a) Draw a body-free diagram to show all the forces acting on the man. Label the forces

drawn.

[ 2 marks ]

(b) If the scale reads 550 N, find all the possible values of the acceleration of the lift.

[ 4 marks ]

(c) If the scale reads 500 N, the lift must be at rest. Is this correct? Explain briefly._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[ 3 marks ]

9 The diagram below shows a man pulling an ice block which has a mass of 100 kg.

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(a) If the friction between the ground and the ice is 150 N, find the force needed to pull theice with a uniform speed.

[ 2 marks ]

(b) Suggest a way to reduce the magnitude of the applied force.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[ 2 marks ]

(c) It is hard to pull the ice initially, but it becomes easier to pull it later. Comment on thisstatement and explain briefly._______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________ [ 4 marks ]