proceedings cewec 2008

PROCEEDINGS

The First International Academic Conference and Research Presentation on Cooperation for Development on the East West Economic Corridor

17 - 22 2551

Message From the University President

The development strategies of the East West Economic Corridor under the

economic development plan of the Greater Mekhong Subregion is crucial for the development of all countries involved : Burma, Lao Peoples Democratic Republic, The Socialist Republic of Vietnam, and Thailand. This Corridor will speed up traveling and provide more conveniences of product transportation among these countries. The East West Economic Route also offers opportunities for trade and investment. It is expected that the peoples of all nationalities residing on the Corridor will gain better changes of their way of life.

The First International Academic Conference and Research Presentation on Cooperation for Development on the East West Economic Corridor which is collaboratively held by Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University of Thailand; Danang Province, Danang University, Quang Tri Province, Quang Tri Teachers College, Quang Binh University of The Socialist Republic of Vietnam; and Savannaket Province of Lao Peoples Democratic Republic, is deemed the knowledge and learning exchange of research findings that will lead to guidelines for cooperation as well as the establishment of collaboration awareness in the area. The conference shall result in cooperation for development of all nations located on the East West Economic Corridor. I would like to take this opportunity to express our appreciation and heartfelt thanks to all who have lent the hands to make this conference successful those who have come from the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, from Lao Peoples Democratic Republic, and Thailand. We owe a great deal to all researchers, academics, and the participants. I wish this First International Academic Conference and Research Presentation be an auspicious and good commencement of the regional cooperation for development. Once again, I hope the conference shall bring about the utmost benefits to all citizens living on the East - West Economic Corridor. (Mr.Panya Mahachai) President of Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University

1 17 - 22 2551 (Proceedings) Proceedings

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2551

Contents

Page

Message From the University President Foreword About the Conference 1 Conference Program... 4 Timetable of Presentations 7 Proceedings of the Research Paper Presentations : Humanities and Social Sciences....17 Proceedings of the Research Paper Presentations : Sciences and Technology..141 Proceedings of the Research Paper Presentations : Education...... 267 Index.. 649

Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Thailand [ http://www.snru.ac.th ]

-1- The First International Academic Conference and Research Presentation on Cooperation for Development on the East West Economic Corridor

About the Conference The First International Academic Conference and Research Presentation on Cooperation for Development on the EastWest Economic Corridor Rationale : The EastWest Economic Corridor project is one of the

economicstrategic road networks developed under the economic development plan of the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS). The major purpose of this project is to connect the western area of the Andaman Sea with the eastern area of the South China Sea. The Corridor is approximately 1,500 kilometers in length. It starts from Burma and goes through Thailands Tak, Sukhothai, Phitsanulok, Khon Kaen, Kalasin and Mukdaharn Provinces. Then it leads to Lao Peoples Democratic Republic at Savannakhet and stretches into the Socialist Republic of Vietnam at Lao Bao, Dong Ha, Quang Tri, and Hue to end at the Vietnamese coast of Da Nang. This Corridor is linked to Road 13 of the NorthSouth Economic Corridor at Savannakhet in Lao Peoples Democratic Republic. When constructions are completed, it will provide convenient and rapid travel, transportation and communication among Burma, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam. It will also provide trade and investment opportunities leading to changes for the better way of life of the peoples living on this route. Nonetheless, to bring about this regional progress, cooperation for development of the Corridor still requires research studies and collaboration in diverse dimensions and forms. Consequently, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University of Thailand; Quang Tri Province; Danang University; Quang Tri Teacher Training College; Quang Binh University of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam; and Savannakhet of Lao Peoples Democratic Republic have joined hands to host the First International Academic Conference and Research Presentation on Cooperation for Development on the EastWest Economic Corridor. The aims of this conference are to enhance awareness of the importance of regional cooperation that will impact mutual development among the countries situated on this route, and to keep them informed of the trends and progress of research studies in comparison with other development strategies and aspects of cooperation. The conference is expected to benefit all the nations in the region.



Objectives: 1. To enhance the understanding among university faculty, academics, students and people in general about the importance of the EastWest Economic Corridor, and to find ways for building regional cooperation for development. 2. To provide opportunity for presenting relevant research findings for interested university faculty, academics, experts and people in general. 3. To share and exchange experiences and ideas as well as to create cooperative networks of research and regional development strategies. 4. To promote motivation for conducting research studies and developing research qualities concerning the East-West Economic Corridor.

Target participants : The number of participants in this conference is expected to be about 330 persons.

1. Eighty participants from Vietnam, Laos and Thailand will present their research papers and posters. 2. Two hundred and fifty participants will attend this event to gain knowledge without presenting their research papers.

Date/Time/Venue: Date & Time September 17 19, 2008 Academic conference and research paper and poster presentations September 19 22, 2008 Study tour to Lao PDR and Vietnam Venue The opening ceremony, guest speakers lectures, and poster presentations of research work will be held in Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University Auditorium. The research paper presentations are classified by their fields of studies and will be carried out at the Graduate School Building, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University. Conference Styles:

1. Special lectures by a team of renowned keynote speakers 2. Research poster presentations 3. Research paper presentations



Expected advantages : 1. Attendees gain knowledge and are able to

share experiences concerning different aspects of development in regions along the EastWest Economic Corridor.

2. Research presenters have a chance to present their studies. Their views are shared and exchanged, bringing in new ideas for performing research studies.

3. Attendees are aware of all changes that have happened and are happening so as to prepare themselves efficiently for future changes and developments.

4. Attendees as well as the research presenters are acknowledged with the means of educational management, and educational administration appropriate for directions of changes and trends of human supplies needed for all regional nations located on the East West Economic Corridor.



Conference Program Wednesday September 17, 2008 08:00 09:00 a.m. Registration 09:00 09:30 a.m. Opening ceremony Reporting and welcome remarks by the President of Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University Mr.Panya Mahachai Opening remarks by Dr. Sumet Yamnoon, Secretary Ministry of Education, Thailand 09:30 09:45 a.m. Morning break 09:45 12:30 a.m. Special lecture on Cooperation for Development on the East West Economic Corridor by distinguished guest speakers 1. Mr.Le Huu Thang Vice Chairman Peoples Committee of Quang Tri Province, the Socialist Republic of Vietnam 2. Dr.Souphanh Kaewmeechai, Savannakhet, Lao Peoples Democratic Republic 3. Dr.Chuwit Mitrechob, Office of the National Economic and Social Development Board 12:30 1:30 p.m. Lunch 1:30 3:00 p.m. Presentation on Servey Research on North-South Economic Corridor, East-West and South by Asst Prof.Dr.Weerapat Sessomboon Deputy Director, The Northeastern Strategic Institute, Khon Kaen University 3:00 3:15 p.m. Afternoon break 3:15 4:30 p.m. Poster presentation 6:00 10:00 p.m. Welcome party at Dusita Hall, Phuphan Place



Thursday September 18, 2008 9:00 12:00 p.m. Paper presentation Room 1 Humanities & Social Sciences Room 2 Science & Technology Room 3 Education Room 4 Education Room 5 Education 12:00 1:00 p.m. Lunch 1:00 4:30 p.m. Paper presentation

Room 1 Humanities & Social Sciences Room 2 Science & Technology Room 3 Education Room 4 Education Room 5 Education 3:00 4:00 p.m. Presentation of Awards for Outstanding Research Remark 10:00 a.m. Morning break 2:30 p.m. Afternoon break Friday - Monday Study tour to Lao Peoples Democratic Republic and September 19 22, 2008 The Socialist Republic of Vietnam



Timetable of Presentations



The First International Academic Conference and Research Presentation On Cooperation for Development on the East West Economic Corridor

17 - 22 2551

* These presentations will be in English. 18 2551 524 /

1 09.00 - 09.20 . Dr. Tran Van Ninh Trade Development in the EWEC Corridor * 2 09.20 - 09.40. Mrs. Nguyen Thi Thuy Tu Da Nang Manages to Fully Tap Its Potentials for

Development on the East-West Economic Corridor * 3 09.40 - 10.00 . Ma. Le Trong dai, Dr.Nguyen

Duc Vuong& Ba. Pham Thi Lan Phuong

Outline of some solutions to exploit cultural tourism services on the East-West Economic Corridor between Vientnam,Lao and Thailand (from Donghoi to Vientine and Bangkok) *

4 10.00 10.20 . Luc Tu Tran Hong Kim Thi Nguyen Hang Thi Le

A Study of Developing Tourist EWEC to Participate to Hunger Elimination and Poverty Alleviation in Vietnamese localities *

5 10.20 10.40 .

:

6 10.40 11.00 .

:

7 11.00 11.20 .

8 11.20 11.40 .

2550

9 11.40 12.00 .

10 13.00 13.20 .



/ 11 13.20 13.40 .

12 13.40 14.00 .

13 14.00 14.20 . .

3

14 14.20 14.40 . Miss.Supawadee Lormahamongkol Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University

Heritage Interpretation for Visitors : A Case Study At Sukhothai World Heritage Site *

15 14.40 15.00 . Asst.Prof.Dr.Jitti Kittilertpaisan Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University

Major Factors Affecting the Organizational Effectiveness : A Study of City and Town Municipaties *

16 15.00 15.20 . Miss.Suphangjit Mongphet Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University

Appropriateness of Vocabulary Chosen Form Thai-English Electronic Dictionaries in Writing *

17 15.20 15.40 .

18 15.40 16.00 .

18 2551 525

/ 1 09.00 09.20 . Dr. Nguyen Duc Vuong,

Dr .Bui Khac Son Quang Binh University

Study on preparation of light-convertible polyethylene film containing complexes of ln (III) with 1,10-phenanthroline *

2 09.20 09.40 . Mr.Supachai Prainet Nakhonphanom University

A Study the Method Control Motor with Fuzzy Logic Control *

3 09.40 10.00 . Dr.Jirawan Apiraksakorn Khon Kaen University

Screening of -1,3-glucan degrading bacteria using for biocontrol purpose *

4 10.00 10.20 . Dr.Tran Ngoc and Ma. Nguyen Dinh Hung

Phototransfer thermoluminescence studies in natural Phongnha Kebang Quartz *



/ 5 10.20 10.40 .

6 10.40 11.00 . .

7 11.00 11.20 .

8 11.20 11.40 .

SrTiO3

9 11.40 12.00 .

10 13.00 13.20 .

Ca3O4Co9

11 13.20 13.40.

MSCA

12 13.40 14.00 . Dr.Tosawat Seetawan

Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University Novel-Principles Calculation of the Thermoelectric Power of NaxCoO2 *

13 14.00 14.20 . Mr.Thaweewat Khuangthip Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University

Studies on the electronic structures of Bi2Te3 by using cluster calculation of the DV-X method *

14 14.20 14.40 .

1

15 14.40 15.00 .

Ag-NaCo2O4

16 15.00 15.20 .

17 15.20 15.40 .

18 15.40 16.00 .

Bi2Te

19 16.00 16.20 . .



1 18 2551 533 /

1 09.00 09.20 . Dr.Nguyen Huynh Phan Quang Binh University

Speeding up the International Collaboraion Between Quangbinh University and Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University and other Universities in Thailand for Development on the East West Economic Corridor *

2 09.20 09.40 . -

3 09.40 10.00 . -

4 10.00 10.20 .

2

5 10.20 10.40 .

6 10.40 11.00 .

1

7 11.00 11.20 .

1

8 11.20 11.40 .

2

9 11.40 12.00 .

: 1

10 13.00 13.20 .



/ 11 13.20 13.40 .

3

12 13.40 14.00 .

13 14.00 14.20 .

3

14 14.20 14.40 .

15 14.40 15.00 . Asst.Prof.Dr.Chaiya Pawabutra Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University

Proposed Policy for Development of Graduate Studies Management at Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University *

16 15.00 15.20 .

17 15.20 15.40 . .

2 18 2551 534

/ 1 09.00 09.20 . M.S Le Thi Xuan Lien

Quang Tri Teacher Training College

Information Technology Supporting Innovating Teaching Methods-New Way in Enhancing the Quality of Training Fostering at College and University *

2 09.20 09.40 . Dr. Chintana Kanjanavisut Kasetsart University

Training Program Evaluation of First-Line Mangers of Metropolitan Waterworks Authority *

3 09.40 10.00 . .

4 10.00 10.20 . Asst.Prof. Dr. Watana Suwannatrai Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University

A Development of Activity Model for Developing Moral of Teacher Education Students (5 year Curriculum) *

5 10.20 10.40 .

4



/ 6 10.40 11.00 .

3

7 11.00 11.20 .

-

8 11.20 11.40 .

Balanced Scorecard

9 11.40 12.00 .

1 1

10 13.00 13.20 .

3 3

11 13.20 13.40 . Mrs.Saiyon Saenrang Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University

A Development of the School Curriculum on English for Tourism in Rcnu Nakhon for Matthayomsuksa 5 Students at Renunakhonwittayanukul School under the Office of Nakhon Phanom Educational Service Area 1 *

12 14.00 14.20 . Mr.Kaiyasit Wongchampa Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University

A Development of Mathayomsuksa 4s Educational Institution Curriculum on English for Nakhon Phanom Tourism, of Nakaesamakhiwitthaya School under the Office of Nakhon Phanom Educational Service Area 1 *

13 14.20 14.40 .

6 1

14 14.40 15.00 . ..

15 15.00 15.20 .

4 2



/ 16 14.40 15.00 .

17 15.40 16.00 . .

3 18 2551 535

/ 1 09.00 09.20 . M.Sc Le Thi Thu Ha

Quang Binh University Main opinion for teaching and Learning *

2 09.20 09.40 . Cap Xuan Tuan, M.Sc Nguyen Truong Truong Quang Tri Teacher Training College

Building and Using E-Learning Center as a Solution to Foster the Learning Quality and the Management Effectiveness *

3 09.40 10.00.

4 10.00 10.20 .

3

5 10.20 10.40 . Mr.Prasert Chanudom Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University

Problems in Learning the Foundation English Course of Students at Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University *

6 10.40 11.00 .

7 11.00 11.20 .

2

8 11.20 11.40 .

1



/ 9 11.40 12.00 .

1

10 13.00 13.20 .

3 3

11 13.20 13.40 .

2

12 13.40 14.00 .

4

13 14.00 14.20 . Ms. Juthathip Vichitsilp Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University

The Use of Teacher Reflective Practice to Improve English Language Teaching in Rajabhat University in the Northeast Region of Thailand. *

14 14.20 14.40 .

6

15 14.40 15.00 .

4

16 15.00 15.20 .

17 15.20 15.40 . ..



Humanities and Social Sciences



Outline of some solutions to exploit-tourism services on the East-West Corridor between Vietnam, Laos and Thailand

Ma.Le Trong Dai, Dr. Nguyen Duc Vuong & Ba. Pham Thi Lan Phuong Abstract This paper aims at introducing some solutions to exploit the cultural tourism services along the EastWest Corridor of Vietnam, Laos and Thailand (from Dong Hoi to Vientian and Bankok). Based on the analysis of reality of cultural tourism services of Vietnam, Laos and Thailand, the authors would like to recommend some solutions in short term and long term to exploit and develop such services more effectively. Due to the limited time and knowledge, this paper may not avoid some mistakes. We hope to receive valuable contributions from the scientists.

INTRODUCTION In the development of economics, the service branches contribute more and

more great portion in economics of each country. The services not only bring the great revenue but also contribute a great part in speeding up the production, consuming and creating the employment and strengthening acrossculture. Among service branches, the cultural and tourism service is considered as non-smoking industry; it is also a prospect branch of Vietnam, Laos and Thailand but the exploitation has not been corresponding to its potentials. There are many reasons that cause the obstacle for the development of this branch, however, first of all, we has not established systems of strategies and solutions suitable & synchronous. To implement this, its needed to contribute the strength and intelligence from a variety of branches, scientific agencies with the participation of prestigious researchers and experts on many fields. Due to the limit of knowledge and in the scope of a workshop report, the authors may not solve satisfactorily such a great issue. However, with the hope of bringing this issue into the content of workshop for the contributions from representatives, we would like to outline some solutions to exploit the culture and tourism services along the East West economic corridor among Vietnam, Laos and Thailand (from Donghoi to Vientine and Bankok).

* Quang Binh University, The Socialist Republic of Vietnam



CONTENT 1. Introduce generally some realities of culture and tourism service

branch of Vietnam, Laos and Thailand

a. Advantages: Three countries Vietnam, Laos and Thailand have many similar points about

geography, culture and history as well as a long-time friendly relationship. The people of these countries in Southeast Asia continent has endured the same historical fortune and have the united and interdependent tradition. After Cold War till now, peace and equal cooperation with mutual interests have been a great tendency of the world. The globalization brings the basic advantages for development of economics, culture and society for each country. On the other hand, this tendency also creates many good opportunities for every nation in expanding its market, economical and cultural exchange, and scientific technology acquirement mutually

Although each country with specific characters, all of three Vietnam, Laos and Thailand have an active economics with fairly high growth speed in comparison with others on over the world. The government of three countries has implemented the strategies of intensifying cooperation and integration in the area and all over the world. Especially, all of three have promoted to implement the objective principle of ASEAN, Hanois Declaration on the ASEAN Vision 2002 and ASEAN II Agreement Declaration of ASEAN 9th Summit in Bali, Indonesia dated October 8th, 2003. Vietnam, Laos and Thailand have many historical relics, cultural heritages and natural heritages of the national and the world stature.

On the other hand, Thailand is the country with the high ability in development of social- economics in the South-East Asian area and has many experiences and achievements in the cultural tourism services. Thailand has the advanced infrastructure with development education and the most modern science and technology among the three.

b. Difficulties and disadvantages + Danger of security instability The terrorism due to extreme Muslim elements in the South of Thailand is still

an anxiety to tourists, the echoes of tsunami 2004 has been an obsession to foreign guests. In Laos, remnants of the Vang Pao army are on the tendency of re-operation.

+ Infrastructure Infrastructure like traffic roads, guest houses, conveniences for entertainment

and relax, etc, of Laos and Vietnam is still backward and not synchronous, the cultural - tourism services are still poor, not enough in experience and bad in knowledge and qualification.

+ Labor force serving cultural - tourism services Laos and Vietnam are now still shortage of qualified labor force and

management staff in the cultural - tourism service branch. The policy, mechanism and law have not been synchronous and completed. Language barrier and poor ability of foreign languages, especially English, in Laos and Vietnam are the great obstacles for activities of advertisement, marketing, cooperation and exchange.



Although the service branch of three countries has already cooperated, it has not been closed, mostly operated independently due to not having established the transnational travel tours equal to its potentials of each country.

+ Solutions for cooperation to exploit the potential of cultural- tourism service In general, the cooperation and association of three countries has no depth so

that the tourism branch has not yet formed the common strategies basing on strong points of each country and not created the mutual assistance effectively on this Corridor.

2. Outline of some solutions to exploit cultural - tourism services on the East West economic corridor between Vietnam, Laos and Thailand (from Dong Hoi to Vientine and Bankok).

a) Solutions in short term + Establishing a cultural-tourism service joint venture company of Vietnam,

Laos and Thailand with the participation of tourism branch of all three countries This joint venture company will take the main responsibility in the

exploitation and trading the cultural-tourism services. Itll have the responsibility to investigate the reality potentials for the development of cultural-tourism services to choose and form the travel tours attractive and suitable with various earnings levels of tourists. On the other hand, the investigation is also to forecast fairly accurately the highest trading effectiveness on the basic of maximizing the transportation cost and support services to determine the reasonable price and calculate the compete abilities (if any) but ensure to satisfy guests.

+ Forming the mechanism to solve the customs procedures in the way of convenience and ensuring security for trans-national travel tours.

+ Promoting marketing and advertisement on the attractive travel tours through a variety of forms of leaflet, advertising on TV, newspapers and other media of each country.

+ Building up infrastructure and other services meeting tourists demands. In the venues where tourists stay for sightseeing, relax, entertainment, etc, the infrastructure and other services have to be constructed satisfying the necessary needs of tourists, at least, to satisfy tourists of low income with reasonable price so that they can accept.

b) Solutions in medium and long term + Cooperation in training highly qualified labor force working in cultural-

tourism services. This training can be undertaken by each country but it needs the mutual

assistance and cooperation. Especially, Thailand, the country has a developed cultural - tourism service branch and a great capital source with many achievements and experiences should help Laos and Vietnam in this field because it is still new for them. Alternatively, the training can be entrusted to the joint venture companies of three countries. However, in the first year, the training should be implemented in the agencies in Thailand. The next period of time, such agencies should help Vietnam and Laos in training lecturers, organizing conferences to exchange experience, assisting the material and facilities, transferring technology, training the skills, etc.



+ Establishing the cultural and language research centers in each of two remaining countries at the training places for such services or at the Universities/ Colleges of each country. On the other hand, studying English language should be fore-calculated, especially, in Laos and Vietnam.

+ Expanding the investment and cooperation with other countries in and outside the South-East Asian area especially with the large companies of developed countries and great experience and advanced technology.

For the development in the future, we should take advantage of capital source, experience and technology of large cultural-tourism service companies of countries outside such as England, France, United States, Singapore, Netherland and Germany, etc.

+ Building up the clear policy and mechanism and completing the law system in Vietnam and Laos to create favorable conditions for advertisement, marketing and trading.

+ Developing and improving the quality of cultural services, relax services, entertainment, security, especially, the festival activities, fairs, exhibitions, performances, heath care services at the cultural and tourism venues

c. Outline of some activities of a travel tour on the East-West Economic

Corridor between Vietnam Laos Thailand (from Donghoi to Vientine Bankok) If you choose the travel tour from Donghoi (Quangbinh) to Vientine and to

Bankok, there are some attractive and favorable venues for pleasure and sightseeing. Three cities Donghoi, Vientine and Bankok relatively near in geography; all of them have historical relics, beautiful and famous landscapes of national stature and international stature. On the other hand, three of them have distinguished festivals together with artistic cultural activities that can be exploited to serve sightseeing and tourism. In order to exploit the services of culture and tourism on this corridor, we can design two travel tours from the East and from the West.

The route East West with beginning point is Donghoi city and finish point is Bankok. Because Donghoi is on the coastline Southern of China, we can choose and organize plentiful and attractive services relating beach. With a variety of beautiful beaches, its easy to divide tourists into two groups basing on their financial ability. For the normal guests, we can take them to Nhat Le beach, Quang Phu beach and serve them seafoods and agricultural products cooked in the traditional way of Vietnam or Europe and China. In the evening, tourists can be freely go shopping and visit Donghoi. For the distinguished guests with high income, we can take them to relax and swim in the beach at Sun Spa Resort or the four- star hotel Saigon Tourist for superior services and quality like massage, steambath, discotheque and swimming in the beach. The second day, we can take them to visit Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park, a world natural heritage site with one of the worlds most beautiful caves. There, tourists can see many kinds of orchids, and rare animal species such as Saola, Muntjac (barking deer), peacock, etc. The tour guide will introduce the method for caring orchids and sell orchid baskets for anyone who likes them. In the future, we can build the adventurous travel service at Phong Nha such as mountain climbing, telpher, and display the handicraft products from ethnic minorities in this area or we take them to see festivals like Dap Trong (Drum Broken) and Dam Trau (Buffalo Thrust) of Bru Van Kieu. The third day, in the morning we can organize for tourists



to visit some historical relics of Donghoi such as Bau Tro cultural remains, DongHoi relics, Quangbinh Gate and Dau Mau rampart and Nhat le rampart. In the afternoon, we take tourists to Vientine (Laos). The fourth day, we take tourist to visit international cultural relics like That Luong, Luong Pha Bang ancient city and go shopping in Viettine.

The fifth day, we take tourists to Bankok. The sixth day, for the normal guests, they will be visited Suthat pagoda, Uma Devi temple and Royal-court Room, Atana Samakhom Palace and National Assembly. For high income guests, we can choose other venues (more attractive but a little fee) like Phra Kaeo Pagoda or Phra Chetuphon Pagoda instead of Suthat Pagoda; Arun Pagoda instead of Uma Devi temple. The seventh day, tourists can travel for pleasure in Bankok such as Ma Bun Khrong Trading Centre, Seacon Square, Chinese Quarter for shopping, entertainment, and enjoying traditional foods of China, India, Thailand.

We can also design a backward tour from West to East with the beginning point of Bankok and finish point of Dong Hoi. CONCLUSION

Development of cultural-tourism services not only brings economical benefits but also strengthens the friendly relationship and mutual understanding among countries and creates the closed connection in the South-East Asian area as well. With the hope of contributing one idea for the conference, we bravely speak out what we think. This paper is only the first outline and may not avoid shortcomings. We eagerly want to receive sincere ideas from scientists. Thanks very much! References Bui Tien Sinh Nguyen Van Dieu (translation). (2004). Thailand - Venise of Orient

Information. Publishing House. Luong Ninh (cb). (2005). Southerneast Asian History. Education Publishing House Luong Ninh (cb), (1998). Medieval World Cutural History. Education Publishing

House. Nguyen Tat Dac, (2005). Southerneast Asian Culture. Ho Chi Minh National

University Publishing House. Ta Dinh Ha (cb). (2002). Quangbinh Relics and Heritages. Volumn I, II ; Published by Management Board of Quangbinh Relics and Heritages



:

The Beliefs of Spirit and Sanyaju Ritual : A Case Study of Thai Kui Ethnic Group Muangwan Kokcharoen Villages, Chandum Sub district,

Plapplachai District, Buriram Province

* . ** . *** ****

1) 2) 3) - (In Depth Interview) 2 3 3 6 6 6 6 3 3 1) 2) 3) *



1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

Abstract The objectives of this research were to study 1) the belief of spirit and Sanyaju ritual, 2) the roles of Sanyaju ritual with cause impacts upon the people in local area and 3) the ways to conserve and spread the local wisdom of Sanyaju ritual : A case study of Thai Kui ethnic group Muangwan Kokcharoen Villages, Chandum Sub district, Plapplachai District, Buriram Province. The methodology of the study by in dept interview observation from the ritual investigation was conducted through documentary and field data. The findings are presented in a descriptive analysis form and can be summarized as follows: The beliefs and practice on spirits among Thai Kui ethnic groups in Muangwan Kokcharoen villages, they had strong beliefs and practice of spirits. The villagers still keep some aspects of their culture continually. And they believed that Yaju were a symbol of their ancestors of the village. Yaju were the sacred places and were respected by every person in the village. They believed that Yaju would protect the village to live in peace without any harm. The villagers arranged Sanyaju ritual twice a year. Periods of ritual performance are fixed on the third waxing moon day of the third lunar month and on the sixth waxing moon day of the sixth lunar month. On the sixth Lunar month, before starting the rice farming season, in order to inform Yaju to forecast the weather or climatic conditions including the result of the agricultural products and did the same rite for rain, food and water for all year. On the third waxing moon day are offered to thank for Yaju who protect their rice field and bless them for the prosperity, productivity on rice fields. The role of Sanyaju ritual with cause impacts upon the community Thai Kui ethnic group in Muangwan-Kokchareon villages found that. The Sanyaju ritual represented the relationship between human beings and supernatural spirits. 1) In the social role, the Sanyaju ritual provides social structure and security as well as cementing ties and reinforcing relationships among members of the community. 2) In the economic role, the Sanyaju ritual represented the wisdom of protecting the forest and concerning natural resources. 3) In the political and hierarchical terms, the Sanyaju ritual reflected the power structure for both, the family and community. The Sanyaju ritual played a big role in controlling the behaviors of the family members and reflecting the social norm of the community as a whole. The conservations of the Sanyaju ritual of Thai Kui ethnic group Muangwan Kokcharoen Villages, Chandum Sub district, Plapplachai District, Buriram Province is the traditional ritual which practiced for a long time. It has an influence for the way of life of Thai Kui from the past to nowadays, to offer the way to preserve as 1) to take photos and make VCD recorder player, 2) to make an external



reading book for children, 3) to expose for awareness of population, 4) to promote the youth aware the worth and join with Sanyaju ritual, and 5) the government should pay attention with beliefs and Sanyaju ritual as way to develop the strong community in the future. 3 ( . 2536 : 30 31) ( . 2536 : 138)

( . 2531 : 138)

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4.3. 2 4.3.1 (Key Informants) 4 4.3.1.1 4 4.3.1.2 10 4.3.1.3 10 4.3.1.4 10 4.3.2 2 4.3.2.1 4.3.2.2 4.4. 4.4.1 4.4.2 4.4.3 (Descriptive Analysis)



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(Collective Emotion) (Brown. 1987 : 29 . 2540 : 29) (Social Structure) (Institutions) ()



(Collective Emotions) (2542 : 44) (2540 : 158)

(Fertility) (2540 : 23)



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. (2531). . :

. . (2537). . .

. : . . (2536). . : . . (2540). . : . . (2540). .

.. : . . . . 66(4) . 2547. ------------. (2540). . : . . (2542). . .. : . . (2529). . : .



The Evaluation of Customer Satisfaction with The Service of Ban-Nivet Sub-District Municipal, Tawatburi District, Roi-Et Province

*

3 1) 2) 3) 66 50 50 SPSS for Windows (Content Analysis) 3 98.89 2 2.1 7 80 3 7 (.) 3 7 (.) 3

*



Abstract This research study was aimed to evaluate customer satisfaction in Ban-Nivet sub-district municipal, Tawatburi district, Roi-Et province. The evaluation consisted with 3 projects including ; 1) The moral, ethics and quality of life development for honor of the King project. 2) The drug protection for new youth generation project. 3) The exercise for health project. The simple of this study was consisted of 3 groups which sizes were 66, 50 and 50 respectively. Quantitative data, frequency, percentage and grouping were employed using SPSS for Windows. The qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis.

The results of satisfaction toward the three projects in general, it was found that customers were satisfied with the service of Ban-Nivet sub-district municipal at 98.89%. Comparing with the criteria for evaluation the effectiveness and productiveness in implementing the mission of Ban-Nivet sub-district municipal, Tawatburi district, Roi-Et province according to dimension 2, service quality aspect, and indicator 2.1, the percentage of satisfaction indicated that the organization earned full score of 7, since the customers were satisfied more than 80 %.

Considering satisfaction toward the three projects in each aspect of service in general, it was found that the organization also earned full score of 7 according to the criteria for evaluation the effectiveness and productiveness in implementing the mission of local government organization. It was found that customers were most satisfied with the aspects of facilitation. While the process of service and personnel who render the service aspects, the customers were less satisfied. The results of satisfaction toward each project in general, it was found that the organization also earned full score of 7 according to the criteria for evaluation the effectiveness and productiveness in implementing the mission of local government organization. Customers were most satisfied with the drug protection for new youth generation project. While the exercise for health project and the moral , ethics and quality of life development for honor of the King project, the customers were satisfied less. .. 2545 ( 5) .. 2545 3/1 (High Performance) .. 2546 .. 2546



8 .. 2546 4 1 2 4 3

2550 4 3

1. 3 2.

3 1) 2) 3)



3 1. 2. 3.

1.

1.1 220 56 57 1.2

2 1.2.1 100 Krejcie and Morgan ( . 2546 : 161) 1.2.2 100 30 ( . 2545 : 41)

1.2.2.1 66 1.2.2.2 50 1.2.2.3 50

2. (Rating Scale) 5

3. .. 2550

4.

(Frequency) (Percentage)



1. 1

1 3

()

()

()

()

65 (98.77)

49 (99.27)

49 (98.54)

54 (98.86)

65 (98.92)

50 (100.00)

49 (97.2)

55 (98.70)

65 (98.00)

49 (99.33)

50 (100.00)

55 (99.11)

65

(98.56) 49

(99.53) 49

(98.58) 54

(98.89) () 7 7 7 7

1 3 65 - 98.56 7

2. 2.1 2550

- (2541)



(2538 : 7)

/ ( . 2536 : 37) -

/



/

2.2 2550

- (Katz , & Danet . 2540 : 21-22) 4 1. 2. 3. 4.



(2547 : 43-54)

- / (2541) (2541)

2.3 2550

-



( . 2529 : 363364 ; . 2530 ; . 2531 : 1157 ; . 2532)

- (2538)

( Punyaratbandhu-Bhakdi, et al., 1996)

3. 3.1

-



3.2

3.3

-

3



. (2540). .

. . (2530).

. , .

. (2536). . : .

. (2547). . 3. : . . (2545). . 7. : . . (2531). . .

. . (2541).

. .

. . 7 2550. http://www.geocities.com/buucu2241/kittpat2.doc

. (2532). . .

. (2538). . : . . (2546). . 7. : . . (2541). Good Governance ().

6 2550. www.anandp.in.th/th_speech/t040401. . (2541). . . Punyaratbandhu-Bhakdi, S, et al. (1996). Delivery of public services in asian Countries cases in development administration. Bangkok : Thammasat University Press.



2550

The Evaluation of Customer Satisfaction Toward Services in Boonphawad Festival Roi-Et Province in 2007

* 2550 4 1) 2) 3) 4) 76 120 150 370 (Quota Sampling) 30% Krejcie and Morgan SPSS for Windows (Content Analysis)

4 2550 94.1 4

*



Abstract This research study was aimed to evaluate customer satisfaction toward services in Boonphawad festival Roi-Et province in the year 2007. The population of this study consisted of 4 groups including : 1) committee of Boonphawad festival 2) participants of contest activities 3) individuals who joined Phalang party and 4) people who attended the festival. 76, 120, 150, and 370 samples collected respectively from each group. Criteria using to indicate the size of sample for committee of Boonphawad festival was quota sampling. The size of sample for people who attended the festival was using the Krejcie and Morgan table of sample size. The other two groups was employed 30 % of the population. Analysis for quantitative data SPSS for Windows was utilized. Qualitative data, content analysis was employed. Results were presented by using description and tables of frequency and percentage.

Results of this study in general were found that all 4 groups of customers were satisfied with Boonphawad festival services at 94.1 %. Considering each aspect of service in general, it was found that customers were most satisfied with the aspects of process of service and personnel who render the service. In facilitating aspect, the customers were satisfied less.

Results of the study for each group in general, it was found that participants of contest activities were most satisfied with Boonphawad festival services. Committee of Boonphawad festival, individuals who joined Phalang party and people who attended the festival were less satisfied with Boonphawad festival services. For the process of service aspect, participants of contest activities, individuals who joined Phalang party and people who attended the festival were most satisfied. While personnel who render the service aspect, committee of Boonphawad festival and individuals who joined Phalang party were most satisfied.

..2533 ()



2550

3 1) 2) 3)

2550

38

876 400 500 10,000

(Quota Sampling) 38 2 76 30% ( ,2545:41) 120 Krejcie and Morgan ( . 2545 : 43) 370

(Rating Scale ) 5



2-4 2550

(Frequency) (Percentage)

4 1

1 4

()

()

()

()

()

72 (94.7)

116 (96.6)

142 (94.7)

365 (98.6)

174 (96.1)

73 (96.1)

120 (100.0)

142 (94.7)

362 (97.8)

174 (96.1)

68 (89.5)

114 (95.0)

129 (86.0)

331 (89.6)

161 (90.0)

71

(93.4) 117

(97.2) 134

(91.8) 353

(95.3) 170

(94.1)

1 4 - 94.1

1.

1.1



(2527) 1.2 (2537) 1.3 (2549) / /

2. 2.1 (2548) 2.2 - Berry, Wall Carbone (2006) (Humanic Clues) 2.3 - (2538)



1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

3. 3.1 / Berry, Wall Carbone (2006) (Machanic Clues) 3.2 SERVICE (2531) 1) S=Smiling & Sympathy 2) E=Early Response 3) R=Respeetful 4) V=Voluntariness Manner 5) I=Image Enhancing 6) C=Courtesy 7) E=Enthusiasm 3.3 - ( . 2537) 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)



4. 4.1 - Weller (1981) 4.2 - (2539) Service Mind (2538) 4.3 - (Mechanic Clues) Berry, Wall Carbone (2006)



/

/

-



. (2538). : . : . . (2527). . . . (2548). . . 15 2549, . (2539). . . , . (2537).

: . : .

. (2549). : . . . (2538). . : . Berry, L.L., Wall, Eileen A., & Carbone, Lewis P. (2006). Service Clues and

Customer Assessment of the Service Experience: Lessons from Marketing. Academy of Management Perspectives. 20 (2): 43-57. (H.W. Wilson No.200612110556003)

Weller, Robert Paul. (1981). Unity and Diversity in Chinese Religious Ideology. Dissertation. The Johns Hopkins University. ProQuest Document ID : 749711861.



Development of Ecotourism of Ban Chiang World Heritage Site

*

4 5000 Abstract The development of eco-tourism of Ban Chiang World Heritage was conducted and had objectives to study on the potential of resources and the patterns of tourism by using participatory action study (PAS) with 4 technique methods of 1) participatory rural appraisal (PRA), 2) future search conference (FSC), 3) appreciation influence control (AIC)and 4) focus group discussion (FGD). The results of the study revealed that the tourism resources under the administration and control of Ban Chiang National Museum were composed of Somdech Phra Srinagarindra Boromarajajonani Building, Watposrinai Excavation and Thai Phuan Village, butcommunity resources under the management and control of community commit were comprised of Souvenir Shops, Thai Phuan Cultural Performance and Community Business Demonstrations. The patterns of tourism were offered in various *



packages which depended on the needs and durations of the tourists, but there were basically provided by visiting Somdech phra srinagarindra boromarajajonani Building, Watposrinai Excavation, Thai Phuan Village, Thai Phuan Cultural Performance, Community Business Demonstrations and Sovenir Shops. The results from public meeting of this community had suggested on the presentation of ancient civilization from the excavated antiques which showed the unique of bronze age and 5,000 year-old ware design of residents including Thai Phuan Culture of current Ban Chiang community, and under the cooperation of the administration and management between many agencies such as the executive staff of Ban Chiang National Museum, Ban Chiang Municipality, Community Business and Private Business Representatives in local area under the promotion of Nonghan District Administrative Office, Tourism Promotion Organization of Udon Thani Office, Provincial Administrative Organization of Udon Thani, Tourism Business Association in Udon Thani, Udon Thani Commercial Chamber and other related sectors. Therefore, the development of eco-tourism of Ban Chiang World Heritage must be administrated under the cooperation committees of government and private sectors including community, regional and national levels.

20 Ecotourism 1 (Community Based Tourism) (. 2546)



(UNESCO) ..2535 13 ..2503 ..2509 ..2510 . .2515 2 ..2517 -2518 ( 2534) ..2518 (Participatory Action Research : PAR)

1. 2.



(Action) (Study) (Plan) (Do) (Observation) (Critical reflection) (Re - planning)

1

/ /

()



P A R

- - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

(2544)

3 1 2 2 2 2 1 3 2 1 (2548) (2549) 3

4 (Participatory Rural Appraisal: PRA) (Future Search Conference: FSC) (Appreciation Influence Control : AIC) (Focus group Discussion)

2 (. 2544)



1.

1) 2) 3) 3

1.1 3 1) 2 2) 700 3) .. 2515

1.2 1) 4 2) 3) 4)

1.3 1) - - 10 2) - 3) () 4)



5) - 6) (Home Stay) -

2. - - 1) - 2) 3) 4) (Home stay)

3.

3.1 1 1) 2) 50,000 3) 4) 1-2 5)



3.2 2 1) 2) ..2552 3) 5 4) 5) 6) .. 2552 7) 8)

(PRA) (FSC) (AIC)



(2548) (2544) (2549)

5000 1. 5000 2. 3. ()



. (2544). . :

. . (2534). . : . . (2549). . : . . (2548). : . . . (2546). . . ..., . (2544). . : .



Linking Supply Chain and Logistics Systems Within the Clothing Handicraft Industry in Ban Chiang Udonthani

*

(1) (2) () () () Abstract The objectives of this research is (1) to study product procession of the Cotton Weaving Group in Ban Chiang Sub-district, Udonthani Province; (2) to study linking on Supply Chain and Logistics System to Marketing and Export of clothing handicraft groups in Ban Chiang, Udonthani. By quality research which study the period reduce in supply chain within the clothing handicraft in Ban Chiang. And study the production period until sale to last consumer. Sampling group in this research was Mudmee Weaving Group in Ban Chiang Sub-district, Udonthani Province. This was the sampling group that had imported product. *



Research results found that: The supply chain linking of Mudmee clothing handicraft group in Ban Chiang Sub-district management must depend on every parts as: Raw material resource, producer and distributor. This study found that; Data study on management of Supply Chain and Logistics System Network had efficient connections. For all of data linking and period reduce to all logistics system. And bring to trend on procession reduce of clothing hand group in Ban Chiang, that lead to the competitive advantage. And the most important was reducing all of products procession to respond for consumer demand in time.

( . 2544) (Supply Chain Management) (Plan) / / ( . 2539) ( . 2540) Supply Chain

(Action Research)



1. 2.



1

1. 2. 3.

1. 2.

.

.

1. 2. 3. 4.

1. 2. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

-67-



(Qualitative Research) (Focus Group)

() () () (Primary source) :

.

(Secondary source) :



. 44 13 . . . 41000 . .

. (Suppliers) (Quick Response)

. . .


-70-

The First International Academic Conference and Research Presentation on Cooperation for Development on the East West Economic Corridor

1-37 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 7. 8. () 9. 10. 11. 12. () , () 13. () 14. ( .) 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. () 21. 22. 23. 24. (.) 25. () 26. 27. 28. 29. , , 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. , 35. 36. 37.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

1. 2.

3.

4.

6.

-70-



1. ,

2. ( EMS) 1 10, 40

3. . . 44 13 . . . 41000 61 1 85 15 5 , , , () 4. 1. , 2. , 3. , 4. 5. 5.

1. () () ()



2. () () () 3. ( Raw Material) (Goods) (Services) (Source of Origin) (Final Destination)

. (2540). . : . . (2544). . : . . (2539). Supply Chain Management. : . Asanuma, B. (1989) . Manufacturer-supplier relationships in Japan and the concept Of relation- specific skill. Journal of the Japanese and International Economies. 3, 1-30. Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management. 17(1), 99-120. Cadogan, J. W. (2001). Key Antecedents to Export Market-Oriented Behaviors: A Cross-National Empirical Examination. International Journal of Research in Marketing. 18, 261-282. Charles, D., & Paul, W. B. (2003). A resources-Based Approach to the Study of Export Performance. Journal of small Business Management. 41(3), 242-261. Harrison, A. & VanHoek, R. (2001). Logistics Management and Strategy. Prentice Hall.



Providing a Course in Contract Farming (CF) * **

Contract Farming: CF . 9 CF 9 9 - Greater Mekong Sub-Region(GMS) CF CF . CF CF CF . CF CF 2 10 5 CF . CF CF - EWEC Abstract The title of this research is Providing a Course in Contract Farming (CF). This research will be useful for CF investors in Indochina Laos-Thai Road No 9, Savannaket Province Laos PDR. The research objective is to assist those who want to take a Contract Farming diploma course in the area of Indochina Road No 9 Lao-Thai, through coordination with education institutions in Indochina Road No 9 Laos-Thai. *



The researcher received funds from The Commission on Higher Education (CHE) Thailand, as part of the Faculty and Student Exchange Program between Thailand and Neighboring Countries (Greater Mekong Sub-Region: GMS) 2008, and the Risk Management Program for Contract Farming investors in Laos-Thai. In addition to assisting outside investors, the results of this research project will be useful for farmers who want to learn about investing in Contract Farming themselvesand to the Lao and Thai governments in permitting CF projects.

An open interview questionnaire was used to study the opinions of the government and private sectors toward a course in CF, and to assess the advantages and disadvantages of the CF project. The participants in this research interview included Thai government officials in Mukdahan Province and Lao government officials in Savannaket Province. A literature review was also conducted to study CF on Road No 9 and explore related opportunities for increasing CF investment in Vietnam.

The proposed course in Contract Farming is split into two groups: 10 General subjects and 5 Specific subjects. The target groups are farmers who want to invest in CF, and outside CF investors who want to build sustainable careers for farmers. An Organization Center should be established which can facilitate communications between Lao and Thai governments; and an expert assigned to learn the rules and processes of both countries. It is recommended that further research be conducted to identify the most suitable time to study this course and instill interest among farmers in the Contract Farming project within the East-West Economic Corridor (EWEC). Contract Farming (CF) (. 2550) CF --(Ayeyawady-ChaoPhraya-Mekong Economic Cooperation Strategy ; ACMECS) 1 CF CF ( ACMECS, 2550) 2 6 (Greater Mekong Sub-region Economic Cooperation : GMS) ACMECS



CF 3 (-) ( ) / ( ) 10 1 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 2 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) (Certificate of origin :C/O) CF ( ACMECS, 2550) Contract Farming ( . 9 2550) (. ) 2551 . ( Kasetsart Conference, 46, 384-392) CF CF 2+3 () CSR (Cooperate Social Responsibility) ( CF 2551 .)

2 . 2050 EWEC ( 2, 2549) CF AISP : ASEAN Integration System of Preferences1 AISP / ( ) 1 (CLMV) MOU 2551 CF (



.2549) ( 2550-2551 ) CF CF CF EWEC CF

1. Contract Farming (CF)

2. CF CF 3. CF - East-West Economic Corridor (EWEC)

CF . CF

CF . CF CF 20 CF . CF CF CF - East-West Economic Corridor (EWEC) 1 31 2551 2551



Contract Farming . 21 2 14 17 ( 2550) Potentials and Investment Opportunities , Savannakhet Province ,August 2007 CF 9 9 . 75 40 35 30 20 180 17 CF $5,000,000 100 $5,000,000 100 CF CF Contract Farming



CF CF 9 EWEC CF CF CF CF

CF . 9 - EWEC CF. CF CF 2 CF 5 1. CF Language for Communication 2. CF Business and Legal Environment 3. General Psychology 4. CSR Corporate Social Responsibility 5. Human Social and Culture GMS CF 10 1. Business Agricultural 2. CF Extension for CF plant 3. Inter Business Indochina area



4. Transportation Management and Logistics 5. CF Business Policy for CF 6. Economic 7. Risk Management 8. CF Marketing Management for CF 9. Trade and Investment Policy

CF Language for Communication CF CF Business and Legal Environment CF CF CF General Psychology CSR Corporate Social Responsibility Human Social and Culture GMS Business Agricultural CF CF CF CF. Extension for CF plant Contract Farming



Inter Business Indochina EWEC - Transportation Management and Logistics CF Business Policy CF CF CF Economic CF CF Risk Management CF CF CF Marketing Management for CF CF Trade and Investment Policy CF CF

EWEC CF . 1) CF 2) 3) CF EWEC (. 2550)



. (2551). . . . (2550). 2550-2551. Kasetsart Conference, Volume 51, 46, 384-392. . (2549). 2 : Friendship Bridge II, 20 2549. . (2550). 10. : . . (2551). Contract Farming .. 27 2 2551. . (2550). '' .. 2550 . (2550). ACMECS ,,http://neroc.kku.ac.th..:. Department of Planning and Investment of Savannakhet Province. (2007). Potentials and investment opportunities. Department of Promotion and Management for Domestic and Foreign Investment.(2008). Foreign Investment Application Form in Lao P.D.R.



The Development of Knowledge and Skills in Tapping Rubber Trees among the Farmers in Amphoe Tha-Uthen, Changwat Nakhon Phanom

* 30 (Percentage) (Arithmetic Mean) (Standard Deviation) (t-test) Dependent Samples 1. 2. .01

3.

4. *



Abstract The objectives of this study were to examine a state and problem of needs as well as ways to develop knowledge and skill in tapping rubber trees, to compare the knowledge in tapping rubber trees before the development with that after the development, to evaluate skill in tapping rubber trees after the development, and to measure satisfaction with getting developed in knowledge and skill of tapping rubber trees among the farmers in Amphoe Tha Uthen, Changwat Nakhon Phanom. The sample comprised a group of 30 farmers in Amphoe Tha - Uthen whose job involved tapping rubber trees, who volunteered to be developed for more knowledge and skill in their job. The instruments used were an interview guide, a test for giving before and after the training, a form for evaluation of skill in tapping a rubber tree and a measure of trainees satisfaction. Statistics for analyses of the data were percentage, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and t-test for testing a hypothesis of dependent samples (one tail testing). The findings revealed the following : 1. The state and problem of producing rubber were that the farmers lacked knowledge and skill in tapping rubber trees including taking care of rubber plantation and also lacked funds. The needs of development were to get trained in tapping a rubber tree and making a rubber sheet, taking care of rubber plantation before and after the rubber trees are tapped and finding the sources of low-interest funds with a longer term in installments. 2. The overall knowledge of tapping rubber trees among the farmers in Amphoe Tha Uthen, Changwat Nakhon Phanom before the development was at the medium level ; and that after the development at the highest level. In a pairwise comparison of the means with t-test, the statistically significant difference was found at the .01 level. 3. The evaluation of skill in tapping a rubber tree among the farmers in Amphoe Tha Uthen, Changwat Nakhon Phanom after they were developed showed that their rubber tree tapping skill was at the high level. 4. Satisfaction with the given training in knowledge and skill of tapping a rubber tree among the farmers in Amphoe Tha Uthen, Changwat Nakhon Phanom was at the high level. 1 8 110,204 12,091 12 16,763 1,546 2549/50 5,380.92 349.76



16 24

1. 2. 3. 4.



1

-

1

2

3

4

- - 1. 2. -

-

-

(Pre-test)

-

-

-

-

-

- (Post-test) - -

-

-

-

- 1. 2.



1.

1.1. 15 126 1.2. 30

2. 2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4.

3. 3.1. 3.2. 5 / 4.

4.1 (Percentage) (Arithmetic Mean) (Standard Deviation)

4.2 4.2.1

5 (Try-out) 50

4.2.2 5 5 (Likerts-5 Rating Scale) 5,4,3,2,1 4.82

4.2.3 5 IOC 0.8 1



4.2.4 5 5 (Likerts-5 Rating Scale) 5,4,3,2,1 4.71 4.2.5 5 IOC 1 4.2.6 (Difficulty) (Jung The Fan) 0.32 0.78 (Discrimination) 0.23 0.47 4.2.7 - (Kuder-Richardson) KR- 20 0.74

4.3

(t-test) Dependent Samples

1.

1.1. 76.7 70.0 60 56.7 50.0 43.3 36.7 30.0 1.2. 96.7 90.0 80.0 1 76.7



70.0 43.3 40.0 26.7

2.

51.3 81.8

3. 3

4.42 4. - 4.43 4.38 4.51

9 10 14 4.50



. (2531). 10. .. : . . (2548).

. . . (2524). . : . . (2532). . 2. : . . (2536). . . . (2548).

. : . . (2529). . . , . (2544). . : .

. (2547). 2536-2546. : . . (2547). 2547. : . . (2547). . : . . (2546). . . , . (2535). . : .

. . . (2549). 2548. : .


-90- The First International Academic Conference and Research Presentation on Cooperation for Development on the East

proceedings cewec 2008

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