tatischeva_unit1

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ISBN 978-5-8330-0233-9

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ISBN 978-5-8330-0233-9

© E.C. Taramena, 2006

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Contents

ESSENTIAL COURSE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Unit one.............................................. 5

Unit two.: '......... 29

Unit three. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Unit four ',' 84

Unit five 107

Unit six 140. .Unitseven , 1.68

Unit eight 201

GRAMMAR EXERCISES 226

E S SEN TIA L CO URSE

,

r I I l fl i l ll l l ll t l lJJJJlJ l l f l / l ll lJ I I II lJJf lJ l fl[JNIT ON E J!II. lf:,""''fIfIfII!!I!IIJ r : aExercise 1, p. 7

Possible variants

1.This is more 'like a word for word translation than a liter-

ary one. 2. It is more like a fable than a fairy tale. 3.The fabric

looks more like cotton than viscose. 4. Aim looks more like

a schoolgirl than a college student. 5.~With this hairdo she looksmore like a boy than a girl. 6. w e walked round the village for

an hour or so. 7. I stayed with my friends for a fortnight or so.

8. I lived in the town for three years or so. 9. lam not through •

with the book yet. I've read only 50 pages orso,

10. Since every-one is present, I think it is an excelieni/uxmderfui/splendid

opportunity to announce that jane and 1ave just got engaged.

11.We are through with our work. Isn't it a toonderful opportu-

rtity to go to some nice bar and cut loose? (oTopBaTbC5Ino non-

HOM). 12. We've been looking for her house for more than an

hour. I should/would never have thought that her place would

be so difficult to find. 13. There seems to be no end to dirty

clothes. I should never have thought that one man could soil so

many shirts, vests and: underpants in so short a time. 14. Themore we listened to him, the more he convinced us that his

course of action was just the t icket (Pa32. KaK pas TO, qTO H}')K-

HO). 15. The more John looked at her, the less he liked what hesaw. 16. The more I think about her decision, the less1gree

with it. 17. The more indignant Andrew became, the more he

stuttered. 18. The longer we waited, the more impatient ioefelt .

19.Who'll go to the baker's? There is no bread left. 20. I'm going

to the stationer's. There is nopaper left. 21. Why go shopping? -

We have nofood left. 22. We needn't hurry. There isplenty oftime

left. 23. Hurry up. We have no time left. 24. Why not put the table

5



near the window? -,Therese"ems to be n@room left. 25. Where

will you put the bookcase? There seems to be no very little,space'

left in room. .

E. ~ ~l'

xercise 2, p. 8

- . Possible vartanrs

.~.1 should(would never have thought 'that looking after

a c~~ldwas so nresome. 2.1should/would never baue thought that

torumg asummary of this article might cost so much effort3.1shoulctjwould n:ever baue thought that scrubbing' a sooty

saucepar; clean might turn out to be such a .trying job. 4. The

harder he worked, the' bigger wages he eamed. 5. The'1J:lOKee

thought over the problem, the less he knew what to do. 6. The

mQre we sta?ed Cl;t the '~oliday Inn", the 1po~ewe liked th~ place.

7.'ilba/ won t"do. You shouldn't be so careless. 8. That won't do.

You'Llhave to do everything all over again.' 9. That wo~'t do. 'You

treat the matter too lightly. 10. That won't do. ¥ouranswer is, "I T, ! J

wrong. I ,

Exercise 3,p. 8

Possible variants'.. " /

\, 1. If only the weather were better! - Oh,yes! Then we would

g? on a walking tour/or aweek (/1".s6.2.In two daysI'}l finish my

exams. - .Ph. thqrzk ,Gpd~It z:;illbe a spiendid ~pp'o,rtunity to,goCl;wqyon holtday and s~zm m the nice warm Sea and bak~in the

sunJ0r hours on end. 3 . I shan't be, through with rn.¥.;workbefore

the weekend, I'm afraid. - That won't/will never do. You'll have to

finish it IJ y Thursday at the latest, oryou'll be fired.' 4 . How long

will the job take? ,JHow should J 'know?- 1 uiould never' have

thought that writing a book about my adventures inAfrica would

be.so difficult. (Hou) should I know? The morel work the more•1~ I ' ,) I'

WO'Kt<: there seems t9 be left) 5. We'f~ going there on Friday. - Thentoe must hurry! There's very lit tle time left . 6. She may come yet.

Let's wait a bit. - That won't do. We've already been waitingfor

two hOU1- :S or so. 7.Be says it was your fault. - Ob, does he?1should

never have thoug~t that he uiould tell such a blatant lie! (1 .uiould

never have thought him capable ojsuch a barefaced lie!) 8. How

long shall I stay here? - wtry, until you are well again, my dear:Isuppose your: recoueiy will take ten days or so. .' .1 • \

6

Exercise 5,pp. 8-9 .

A. In spring on our way back to Moscow we happened to

pass (by) a small town. Itwas more like a big village ' than a town,

all its houses were smothered in roses and' it seemed to us so

lovely that we couldn't help stopping there (couldn't keep from

stopping there/couldn't help but stop there). I should never

have thought that a walk round (about/around) a small provin-

cial town could be such a pleasure. We walked around the town

for 3hours or S01and the more we looked at that fairy-like nook,the more we admired it. But there wasn't much time left/there

was very little time left, and we had to hurry 1 :0 Moscow.B. Last year my wife and-I had to take a holiday in winter. We

decided that i t was a splendid opportunity to redecorate/reno-

vate our flat. After two days' work it looked more like a ware-

_house full of broken furniture than a (lat. "That won't do (THatwill never do)", my wife' said. i'We'd better hire house painters

and have it repainted (have it redecorated).",

ESSENtIAL VOCABULARY.

Exercise 1,p. 16

VOCABULARY NOTES

1. gossip n 1) (HeUCZiUCllRe.MOeyz«.) 60JITO~IDI,paaroaopsr;

CIIJIeTIDIcIIJIeTHH),CJIYXCJIYXH),occxaarm, TOJIKH;CBeTCKaH

xpOH,HKa(8 zasemeia gossip column - OTp;eJICBeTcKm'IXpOHHKH(8 zaseme,

J l C Y P H C l J W )

a gossip writer - penoprep OTp;eJIaCBeTCKOI1:pOHHKH

Don't believe all the gossip you hear. - He BOIKHMcnyxasi

MO)KHOBepHTb.2) CUC'LtUCllReMOe)Jz«)cnnernns; cnnernmra, 60JI1)'H,6oJI-

TyHbR

the town gossips - roponcxne CIIJIeTHMI:J;bIKYMYlliIill)to gossip l : J i (over/about smth.) - 1) CIDIeTHHqaTb0 qeM-JI.;

2) 60JITaTh,6ecep;oBaTb 0 'ieM-JI.

to spread rumours -'pacIIpocTpaIDITb'CJIyX:H ,Aren't you ashamed of gossiping over his affairs? - HeY'KeJIH

Te6e He CTbIp;HOCIIJl~THHqaTbo era nenax/ : ,

2.wind [w amd] (wound [w aundj) vtji 1)xpyrrrrs, seprers

7



to wind the handle - seprers pyqKY;

2) flaMaTbIBaTIJ, o6MaTbIBal1b, MOTa'tb

towind wool - ;-CMaTbIBaTb IIIepCTb

3) BH!fbCH,H3BHBaTbCH

The path wind~ through the wood. - Tponnmca BbeTCH -re-

pe3 JIec,' , ,

,4) 3aBo,n;HTb (qaGbI H T.rr.); 5) to wind up - 3<;lKaHqI1BaTb(CH);

OKa3aTbC~ B KaKOM-JI. COCTOHHHHHJIH rrOJIO)KeHHH

It's time he co~ld wind up his speech. - TIopa 6bI eryry 3aKOH-

qHTbP<:::Hb. ,

, to wind smb. rou~d one's little finger, -, BHTb H3 :«0rO-!L

'BepeBKH (N.B. rrepeson -otieecmu KOZO-Jl; eoxpyz nansua» ne-rrpa~HlleH) ,

3. peel vtji l) :(oranges, apples, potatoes, bananas etc.) qHC-

THTb; OqH~<!-Tb OT KO)K]'PbI (anenscama, 5I?JIOKH,KapToIIIKY, 6a-

HaHbI H T.rr .) ; 2 ) _ , (T)I(. off) CJIe3aTb, <?6.ry:~3aTb,JIYTIHTbCH,IIIeJIY-

IIIHTbCH '

The skin peels off the nose "or face when a person gets sun-

burnt. - Korna qeJIOBeK rrorryaaer COJIHeqHbIH oxcor; y Hero CJIe-

saer KO)I(a Cnoca HJIH JIHIJ;a.

The wallpaper is peeling off. - 060H OTCTaIOTOT GTeH.

peel n - KO)K]'Pa, KO)I(HIJ;a,merryxa

orange (potato) peel - xozcypa anenscnna (KapToIIIKH)

candied peel - IJ;yKaTbI, aacaxapenrraa KO)!(}IPa anenscaaa,

JIHMOHa H T.rr.

4. scrape vtji - 1) cKpecTH"CK06JIHTb; cocxpeoars, cocrcao-JIHBaTh,

I scraped the skin off the vegetables. - 5I COCKo6JIHJI C OBO-

m;eMKO)I(HIJ;Y.

2) OqHCTHTb"OTCK06JIHTb

She scraped the door (down) before painting it again. r-« OHa

OTCK06JIHJIa!ztseps OT CTapOM KpaCKH npezszte qeM LIOKpaCHTbee 3aHOBO. (OHa cocK06JIHJIa C nsepa crapyro xpacxy rrpeacaeqeM rroxpacrrrs ee sanoso.)

He scraped his boots clean before coming into the house. - '

Ilpexcte qeM BOMTH B ,l1;OM,OH 'CqHCTMJI,C' caner BGIO DpH3b.

3) (on, against) aazrers

a chair scraping on the floor - cTyJI, cKpe6ym;m1 rro norry

He scraped his chair against the wall. - OH aazten CTyJIOM aa

GTeHy,.

8

/

, 4) (rio) uapanarsI' Hescraped his knee when he fell., Ynan, OF!ouapanan xoneaoi

5) eJIe-eJIC ycnesa'rs B yqe6e

She just scraped through the examination - OHa ezrsa-erma

C,l1;aJIa9K3aMeH.

to scrape a living - CTPY,l1;OMaapatiarsraars na )I(H3Hb;to scrape up/together - ene-ene aacxpecrn (0006.' nener)5. steady ad} - 1)'rrpOqHbII1, TBep,n;bIH, YGTOH:qHBbIH

a steady foundation - npo-msnt ¢YH,D;aMeHT, npo-moe oc-

HOBaHHe

to make a chair or table steady - yxpernrrs (npo-rao YCTaHo-

BHTb) cTyJI HJIH CTOJI .

The ohair is steady enough. - CTyJI , lJ;OCTa:rOqHOYCTOHqHB.

syn. f irm - TBep,n;bIM,npo-rmrnfirm ground - cyrna I

firm foundation - rrpo-rasra cpYH,ll;aMeHT,rrposnoe OCHOBaHHe.

firm steps - TBep,l1;bleIIIarH .'

firm muscles - yrrpyrHe MYCKYJIbI

2) Ha,n;e)I(HbIMH ccpscansra, rrOJIO)I(HTeJIbHbIH

a steady person - Ha,n;e)I(HbIH H cepsesnsra qeJIOBeK,rrOJIO-)I(HTeJIbHbIH qeJIOBeK ' >,

3) rrOCT05IHHbltt, nenpepunnsra, YCTOMqHBhIM, pOBHbI~

steady wind - POBHbIM serepsteady rain - nocroanasra (aenpepsmnsra) ,n;O)I(,ll;h

steady.growth - YCTOMqHBbIH POCT

steady increase - l1er ipepbIBHoe yByJIHqeHHe

steady progress - rienpepsmaoe YJIyqIIIeHHe, rrOCTOHHHble

ycnexn

steadily - Herrpepb~BHo, rrOCT05IHHO

It has been 'raining steadily since morning. - C yrpa nenpe-

PbIBHO JIbeT ,n;O)I(,ll;b.to steady vtji - yxpennars, nenars npo-msnr, npnnaaars yc-

TOHqHBOCTb; )'KpeIIJUlTbCH, CTaHOBI1TbCHnpo-nrsrv, npnxornrrs

B YCfOHqHBOe COCTOHHHe

With, an effort he steadied the boat. - C,l1;eJIaBYOHJIHe, OR

npnsen JIO,D;KYB paBHOBeCHe (BblpOBHHJIacb).

The boat soon steadied again. - Bcxope JIO,l1;KaOIIHTb .npn-mna B paanoaecae/asrpoaaanacs.

6.mess n- 6eCrrOpH,l1;OK,rryraHHIJ;a, xaoc, 6ap,l1;aK;rpass, ,

9



tobe inamess - 1) 6bITb B6ecrropH,Il;Ke,ssepx ,lV-I0M;2) 6bITb B

rp5l3I1,6bITb fJD5l3HbIM;3) 6BITh BTPy,n;HOM,HerrpI15lTHOMrrOJIOJKeHI1I1;

The room was in a mess. - KOMHaTa GbIJIa B 6ecrroPMKe.

tomake a mess of smth. - I1CrrOp'FI1Tb (NpOBaJIHTb) ,lJ;eJIO,

narryrars, paccTpQI1Tb (rrnansr), HanOpTaqI1Tb; . ,

You've made a mess' of the job. - BbI rrp0BaJI'MJII1.,lJ;eJIo.(BbI

3arrOpOJII1 paoory)

to get Into a mess - rronacrs B Herr'pMJITI;Ioe rrO;TIO)KeHI1e

(B 6e,rzy), «BJII1rrHYTb»;

You'll get into a mess if you are not more careful. - ECJII1 'fbI

He 6Y,lJ;eWbOCTOpO)KHee, TO CI1JIbHOanarnrenrs.

7.crack vtji 1) TpeCKaTbC5l; BbI3bIBaTb pacTpeCKHBaHI1e

A vase may c~rack if washed in boiling. water. - ,EcJII1 Ba3Y

MbITb KI1IT5lTKOM,OHa MO)KeT rpecnyrs.

You've cracked the window. - BbI pa36WIH OKHO.'Ieneps BHeM

Tpe~I1Ha.

2) menxars, rrp0I13BO,lJ;I1TbI I IYM

to crack a whip - memoryrs 6WIOM

His rifle cracked and the deer fell dead. - OH BbIqpeJrHJI I13

P},')Kb5l, H OJIeH~ yrran aasreprso. I

to cracka joke - OTrryCTI1Tb (OTKOJIOTb) nryrxy

crack n - 'rpemana, mens; rpecx, menxanse (6I1qa), yzrap

~~M~ ,

a wide (small) crack - llII1pOKa5l (y3Ka.H) rpemana (mens,

paCCeJII1Ha)

a loud (sudden) crack - rpOMKI1I1: (BHe3arrHbIH) TpecK ,\

The walls are covered with cracks. - Crensr IIOTpeCKa:TII1Cb.

I heard a crack as if of a branch. - 5 1 yCJIb~llIaJI KaKOH-TO

TpeCK, Kaw 6Y,lJ;TOXpycTHYJIa BeTKa. '

8.contribute vtji - I) )KepTBOBaTb, BHGCI1Tb(nensra H T.rr. ) ,

to contr ibute t ime - y,lJ;eJI5lTb.BpeM5l;

2) nenars BKJIa,lJ;B HaYKY I1 T.rr.); cnocoecraosars, CO,lJ;eHCT-BOBaTb,

The development of friendly ties with other countries con-

tributes to mutual understanding of their peoples. - Pa3BI1THe

,lJ;pY/KecTBeHHbIx CB5l3eH C ,lJ;pyrI1MH crpaaana cnocoocrsyer .B3aI1MOrrOHI1MaHHIO I1X HapO,lJ;OB.

3) COTpY,lJ;HI1QaTb(8 zaseme , J I C )l p 1- tC l J le )

to contribute articles to a wall-newspaper - nacan, CTaTbI1,lJ;JI5l crenrasersr

10

·1 , to contribute a poem to a fiewspaper > nannca'rs CI1HXOTBO-

pem1e,lJ;JI5l ra3crbI l r

'. contribution n (t0~ - 1) nozceprsosaane, B3HO<!:(,lJ;eHe)K-

HbIH,I1 T.rr.); 2) BKRa,z:J;nepen.): ',,"" " "I MQntmore,ncy prollght a dead water-rat a:shis contribution

ro.the dinner. -;-MOHMOpeHCI1 npaaec ,lJ;ox.n;yJ9B,OMHYJOKpbICY

(oH,lJ;a;rpy) B ~aQeCTBe csoero BKJIa,ZJ;a rrp~rOT0BJIeHI1e ooena(BHOC5l TeM.CaJ\1.bI'f'1B0H BKJIa,ZJ;'nparoroanenne ooena), "

9. spirit n - 1~zryma, ,rzyx; 2) TeH,lJ;eHu;~,06:rn;ee uanpanne-HI1e, ot?m;HH ,xapa~Tep; 3) , r w x , cynntocrs, HCTfl:HHbIHCMbICJI;

MOPaJIbHaH cnna, 3HeprI15l, pellII1TeJIbHOCTb , '

the spirit 6,f the ~rmy - . n ; y , x BOHCK , ,J I

the spirit of the tirp.es.(age) -,rzyx BpeMeHH (3rrOXI1)

the spirit of the law - ,rzyx sakona , .to ta~e smth, in the right (wrong) spirit J- BOCrrpHH5l17bQTO-

11. (Harrp., KPI1TH~) rrpa,BI1JIbHO (nerrpaannsao)

to show a proper spirit - rrpQ5lBHTb ce651Cxopomeri (TOPOHbI

That's the right spirit! - Mononeu'

, H~ found hirnself in. conflict with the spirit of the time. - OH 1

06HappKMJI, QTO ero 06pa3 MbICJIeH BOllIeJI B rrpOTI1BOpe'lIHe• h . .

C,ZJ;yX0N):peMeHH.' .

4)I ' I (

)KHBO~Tb, rOp5lQHOCTb, 3a,ZJ;?P,3HeprI15l, 'CMeJIOCTb, zcap,

pBeHHe, I " ' .

Fut a Iittlemore spirit into your work. - Ilocrapanca paoo-

rars C 60JIbllIHM pBeHHeM.

, He spoke with spirit. - OH rOBOpI1JI C )KapoM.

5) spirits - aacrpoenne

to be in high (low) spirits - 6bITb B xopouresr (rrJIOXOM, rro-

;n;:lBJIeHHoM) HaCTpOeHI1H I

His spirits rose (fell or sank). - Ero HaCTpOeHI1e y~IlI I1JIOC:b

(YXY,lJ;)1IHJIOGb). , 1 •

to raise smb.'s spirtts - IIO,lJ;H5lTbKOMY-JI.HaCTpOeHITe, to be out of spirfts 2... 6bITb He B zryxe,

You seem to be out of spirits today. - TbI~ rroxo~e, cerozma

He B,rzyxe. ,

10. taste n- 1) BKyC ,

The doctor prescribed her some pills with a ' bitter taste: -

Bpa-r ITpOrrHCaJI eH Ta6JIeTKM, ropsxae na BKyC.

.Idon't care for this bread, ithas a very bitter taste. ., MHe He

HpaBHTC5I 3TOTXJIe6, y Hero o-rens rOpbKI1H BKyC.

11



I islike th e taste of olives. - M H e H e H paB I1T CH BK yCO JII1B OK

2) BKyC,CKJIOHHOCTE

You m ay choose any flow ers to your taste here. - 3;n;ecb B bI

MO)KeTeBb I6paTb J II 06b le U;BeTb Ir r o cnoesry BKyCY.

There is no accounting f or t as te s. ( Ta st es differ.) - 0 sxycax

H e crropar. (Y Ka)K,ll ;OrOCBOH BKyC .)

3) BKyC,r rOHI1MaHI1e

The room w as furnish ed in good taste. - KO MH aTa 6bm a 06-

CTaB J IeHa c o BKyCOM .

T hey say sh e dresses in p oo r ta ste . - fO BO PH T ,O H I1 6 e3 BK yC -

HO onesaerca .

Iw as asham ed of you, your jokes w ere in very bad taste. -

M He sa Te6SI 6bmo CTbI , l l ;HO,bI osens HeYMecTHo ( 6e cT aKTHo )

rrryTI1JI.

I taste vtji - 1) n po tio sa rs, o rse na rs , = ry ec ra oa a'r s B K yC ,p as-

J II 1q aT b n a BKyC

There w e found som e strange foods and m ade up our m inds

to taste them all. - TaM MbI 0 6H ap~I1 H eCKOJIbKOH e3H aKO-

M bIX r rp oz ry xr oe I1 p em I1 JII1 n on po oo aa rs I1 Xsee,

Can you distinguish types of apples by tasting them ? - BbIMO)KeTepa3JII1qI1Tb paansre copra H 6JIO Kna B KyC ?

I h ave a bad cold and cannot taste anything . - Y MeH H CI1JIb-

H aH n po cr yz ra , I 1 H ( COB epm eHHO ) H e q yBCTBY IDs xy ca r rI 1:W ;I 1.

2) I 1MeTbBKyC

This orange tastes bitter .- 3TOT arreJIbCI1H ropex na BKyC

(rop-nrr),

3) BKyCI 1Tb , r0 3HaKOMI1TbCH ,n oa aa r s n a CBoeM on sr re

There she tasted the joys of privacy. - TaM OH a n osnana pa-

;n;OCTI1e;n;I1H eH HH . .

. tasteful adj - 1) I1MelO:w; I1 'HOHKHHBKyC;2) C;n;eJ IaHHbIMo

BKyCOM

a tasteful person - qeJIO BeK co B KyCO M

a tastefu l w ork of art - I13 H:W ;H oerrp0I13B e;n;eH I1e I1C KyC -

CTBa

tasteless adj 1)6e3BKyCHbIH,npecas r r i , 2) 6e3BKyCHbIH,,l l ;yp-

no r o sxyca , I 1MelO:W; I1HI JIOXOHBKyC ;6ecTaKTHbIH

The potatoes w ere tasteless w ithout salt. - E .e3 tOJI}!: reap- .

r on nc a 6 bm a 6 e3 BK yC H oH .

12

WORD COMBINATIONS AND PHRASES

in early June - B nasane I1IOHH

to put up at som e place - O CTaH OB I1TbC HB K aK OM -JI.M eCTe

(B rocTI1HI1u ;e 11T . rr .)

to roam the w oods/through the w oods (about a place) -

6pO;IJ;I1Tbro necy ( r ro Mecry! rop0;D;Ky! ;n;epeBH e)

to get sett led - Y CT PO I1T bC H

odds and ends - 1) o CT aTKH , 0 6p e3KH , 0 6p bI BKH , OCKO JI KH ;

2) paaposnemrsre Be:W;I1,BCH KH HxnaM , BCH KaHBCH qI1H a .

to be the size of sm th. - 6bITb paasreposr C KaKOH -J I.

npezraer

the rest of the evening - O CTaTO Kse-repa

half a dozen, half a peck" of peas, half a pork pie, half a tin of

s alm o n - r rO JI ,ll; IO )K J1 H bI ,ror mexa ropoxa, rrO JIO BI1 Hannpora co

CBI1HI1BOH, rOJI6aHKH KOHCepBI1pOBaHHo ro J IOCOCH

to stir sm th . u p - r rOMellIl1BaTb, paaaenmsars, nepesrenra-

nars qTO-JI.

to a dd sm th . to sm th . - ;n ;0 6a BI1 Tb ,r rp ac am r rs q TO -JI. K qeMY -JI.

to em pty sm th. in to a pot - BbrJrI1Th(ssrcsmars) qTO-J I .B KO- f

TeJIOKto thicken the gravy - cnenars coyc rroryrne

w ith an earnest and thoughtful air - C c epsesasn« I1 3a,D ;YM-

ql1BbIM BI1,l l ;OM

to be on the safe side - na BCH KH HcnyqaH

Exercise4,p. 14

1. In early May the village is really fairy-like w ith all its

houses sm othered in roses. 2. I'd lik e to put up at th is sm a ll

inn for a w eek or so. 3. The w hole day we roamed (about)

the countryside, and in the evening w e had a nice rest. 4. Itturned out to ' be quite late w hen at last w e got settled.

5.I ever saw such a thing as a stew for getting rid of all theodds and ends of foo d. 6. Choose the books you need and

take the rest to th e library . 7.This is a rare edition: the book

is the size of a m atchbox, but the print is very clear. 8.We

have half a tin of potted pork left, let 's add itto the stew

(let's empty it into the stew). 9 . Add some more oatmeal

to the porridge an d stir it up thoroughly w ith a spoon.

•a peck = 2 gallons = 8,81 litres

13



10. He may have forgotten about our arrangement, let's call

him to be on the safe side.

Exercise 5,pp:'14-15 '

1. 1would love to go to the south in early. June, when every-

thing issmothered in.flowers, and roam (about) the mountains.

2.We decided that in St. Petersburg we would put hlp ata hotel

and stay there.for a week or so. 3. We got settled quickly, and it

turned out that we had plenty /a lot of time till evening. 4. Whenwe had got settled at last, we were so tired that none of us want-

ed to go anywhere. 5. These odds and ends of paper are hardly

any use. (I don't think these odds and ends of paper are any use.)

6. Iwould/should 'never have thought that one could make

a dress of/out of/from these odds and ends of fabnc. 7.Myroom

is the size of yours/the same size as yours, but somehow (but

for some.reason) it looks smaller, 8. I 've read onlyhalf the art icle,

but it seems to me that it has little to do with the subject you're

interested in. 9. The train arrives only in half an hour, let's roam

(about) the town. 10. Ellen stirred up the salad, tasted it anddecided to add another half a jar of pickled cucumbers. 11.This

tinned/canned/potted meat is good. Empty half a tin/can into

the stew. 12. Add some more flour to the gravy to thicken it.

13.He cracks jokes/makes jokes/jokes with such an earnest

and thoughtful air, that one can't help Iaughing/that one can't

keep from laughing. 14.Tobe on the safe side we had better not

touch on/upon this matter/question today.

Exercise 8, p. 15

to roam (about) a place; for an hour or so; to put up some-

where for the night; to have plenty of time; a splendid opportu-

nity; a fascinating idea; to make a fire; quite an undertaking; to

turn out; to be the size of smth.; steadily; absurd; to overhaul; topick out; to thicken the gravy; to be on the safe side; hackneyed

things; not to matter

Exercise 9, p. 15

CKa30~HbIHyrOJIOK- a fairy-like nook;

yronars Bposax - to be smothered in roses;

nacrosrnaa CeJIbCKaHrocrnaana - a veritable picture of

a country inn;

14

ceJIbCKlleHOBOCTll village politics;npn-rynnnasrc' KOMHaTbI quaint rooms;

pemer-rartre OKRa- latticed windows;

IlIllKapHbIHpIillH - a slap-up supper;IIO-racrn CTp5IIIHll in the way of cooking;

cooapart, XBOPOCT to gather wood;

6e33a60THocTb -light-hear!edness

Exercise 10, pp. 15-16

1. to gossip over village politics - to talk about the details of

other village inhabitants' behaviour and private lives, often

including information that is not true. 2. to try a good slap-up

supper - to try to cook a splendid supper. 3. Our light-hearted-ness was gone. - Weno longerfelt cbeerful./Our cheerfulness wasgone/We. no longer felt care-free. 4. Then we struck. - Then we

went on strike(Then we said that we wouldn't scrape thepotatoes

any more/Tben we refused to work any more. 5. We shouldrequire the rest of the evening for scraping ourselves. - We

should need the remainder of the evening for getting rid of tbe ,

potato scrapings that cover usfrom head to toe. 6. We overhauled

the hampers, - Wecarefully/thoroughly examined the contents ofthe hampers. 7.All the odds and ends and the remnants. - All the

leftovers. 8. Every li ttle helped. - Every amount offood however

insignificant might be Ofsome use. 9 . George stood for preceden~.

- George stood for using the existing customs and former deci-

sions c is a guide to thepresent action. 10.He would rather be onthe safe side and no t try experimen ts. - He would rather not take

chances/not take risks. (He would rather play it safe and not tryexperiments)

Exercise 1, p. 16 - see above.

Exercise 2, p. 16

A. 1. ITo se-repan Bap6apa BCJIaCTbCIIJIeTHI1~aJIac cocen-

KOH,CT05IY saoopa, pasnenatomero nx cansr. 2. Izte CIIJIeTHll,TaMIIJIO)K,b.. « 5 I peunora na KaKoe-TOBpeM5Irrparnactrrs ee

crozta IIornars r ra pacrepaanne 3,ll,eIIIHllMCIIJIeTHllIJ;aM»,CKa-

3aJIaBearpnc. 4. «HyIIKTOTeIIepb CIIJIeTHll~aeT?» CKa3aJIaKY-

• Byqe6HI1Ke onrnoxa: quaint - unusual and attract ive) especially in an old-

fashioned way: npenecrnsre crapoaozmsre KOMHaThI

15



3HHa P9G:eJI.5. Hrpaa non npHcMoTPOM MaTepH, OHa qyBCTBOBa-: ~KB03ID1Ka, rrponasasnrero CKB03b IIJ,eJIH B OKOHHOM passe.

JIa ceoa aaaoznron nrpyurxor i. 6. B KYTIe CTaHOBHJIOCb p;yIDHO. 8;OHH C,lJ)KOHOMCMe5lJlHCbH myTI1JIH. 9 . Bepr HeCKOJIbKO MH-5.[OnyCTI1JI O~OHHYID pasry H BbIHYJI CBOIOTpy6K)T. 7.'5.[3aIIJIeJIai ' pa3rJI5l,lJ;bIBaJIero CKB03b IIJ,eJIbB zmepa, a nOTOM ssnnen BO

ee BOJIOCblBKO~yH YJIo)KHJIanxucoponori na roJIOBe. 8. ECJIH61;>1 ~BOp. 10.Zlepeno rpoxxo TpecHYJIO H ynano. BOKPyr CHOBa BO-

MO)KHO6blJlO OG:l!CTHTbeeor BceM ee qiansnra H neacxpenaoc- ti~pI1JIaCb THmHHa. 11. BeJIHKOJIenHble YCJIOBH5l, ofiecrrexea-

TH 1l0p;06HO TOMY,KaK OG:HIIJ,aIOTOT meJIYXH JIYK!9. 5 1 BHp;eJIero HMe , z : v r n nposenenaa 9K(CIIepHMeHTa, OG:eHb cnoc06CTBOBaJIH

OG:eHb5lCHO,OTP;OBOJIbHOMYJibIIDKH,KOTOPaR nrpana na.ero JLH-' erb ycnexy 12. ITOCKOJIbKYGHa 6blJla -recrna, see eme 60JIbme

ue, no merrynramertca OT COJIHeG:Horo oacora JIbICOMMaKyillKH. YB~aJIH ee 3p;paBbIM CMbICJI. '13. Ero MeJIaHXOJII15l 6blJla non

10.OHa Trn;aTeJI_bHOOTJIOMI1JIaOTcyxa see BeTKH, TaK G:TOnoJIY- CTaTb MeJIaHXOJIHH BP9MCH, G:TO,HeCOMHeHHO, nOMOraJIO HMG:I1JIaCbrrOG:THPOBHaR nansa, a 3aTeM na XO,rZYp;OG:HCTaconpana eure rry-nne nOHHMaTb npyr npyra (G:TO,HeCOMHeHHO, cnocoo-

C nee BCIO'xopy 11. Cocxpeon rpsas C 6amMaKoB 9THM crapsni CTBOBaJIO fiX B3aHMonoHHMaHHIO). 14. BOM6e)KKI1 He CMOrJIH

HO)KOM. 12. «ITpHBeT!» - KpI1IrnyJI HHK H, OTKOJIyITHYBOT caneri HH nonanars 60eBoM zryx HaU;HH, HH noztopears 9KOHOMHKy

npnropnmro cnera, 6pOCHJI B ,lJ)Kop,l1;)KaCHe)l(}(OM, XOTOPblM CTpaHbI. 15. ITO-BI1,l1;HMOMY,ero MeG:Tbl H cpaHTa3HH HHCKOJIbKO

yrOP;HJI TOMY npasro B yxo. 13. Bee 06bI)J;eHHble 3BYJili : uapana- He yxy,n;mI1JIH HH ero HaCTpOeHI15l , HH 'armerrrra. 16. .n;eBoG:Kanse cryrrsea no norry; xamens - 9XOM OT,n;aBaJIHCbB ero M03ry, 6blJla 3P;OPOBOMH pessori, H He 6blJl0 HHKaKOM B03MO)KHOCTH

P;OBOM ero P;OHccTyIIJIeHI15l. 14. Ts r p;oIDKeH HaMTH Bce6e xors 3aCTaBHTb ee caners THXO. ,17.OH HaJIHJI B 60KaJI BOP;blMOCTO-

HeMHoro CMeJIOCTH,XOTb HeMHqr:o OTBarH. 15. Ilepeynore 6blJl PO)KHOnpHry6HJI ee: BKyC6blJl ~acHbIH. 18. HHKTO 6bl He csror

P;QToro Y30K, G:TOno HeMY ezrsa JIH npOTHCHYJIC5l 6bI HaBbIOG:eH- orpnttar», G:TQYnee ecrs BKyC, XOT5l nopon H HeMHQro npn-

HbIll OCeJI. 16. Bstno TaK CKOJIb3KO,G:TOeCJIH 6bl OH He rrosror qy)J;JIHBbIM. 19.5.[MOry erne pas npaaecrn H3BHHeHI15l sa CBOH iMHe ynepacarsc» na norax, 5l6bI y IIaJI. 17. TYMaH BOJIHaMH/Kny- 6ecTaKTHble CJIOBa.20; BI1JIJI nozryxan: «.n;oBep;eTC5lJIH MHe eIIJ,e

6aMH 6ecrrpepbIBHo HaKaTbIBaJIC5l na Hac, H 6blJl0 OG:eHbrpyzt- xorna-nnoyzn. orsena'rs CBe)KHX aneJIbCHHoB?» 21. ECJIH BbI HeHO pasrnsners, na KaKOM HMeHHO ysacrxe ztoporn MbI naxo- cocxpetiere nsrns, BC5lnama, KQTOPYlO BbI nOJIO)KHTe B pOT, 6y-

P;HMC5l.18. OHa CHOBa BnepI1JIa BMeH51CBOM xapaxrepnsra npn- P;eT ornasars nstnsro (6y,ll;eT HMeTb BKyC nsinn). 22. Hexoropsre

CTaJIbHbLMB3rJl5l,lJ;.19. OHa YCJIblmaJIa MepHoe 6HeHHe csoero KHHrH aano acero JIHmb nonpooosan, na BKyC, ztpyrae - npo-

cepznra, xoropoe, Ka3aJIQCb, rOBOpI1JIO eH: «BCTaHb! BbIM,ll;H! rJIOTHTb, HO ecrs H TaKHe - HX nexnoro - xoropsre cnenyer

C,ll;eJIaM)KeG:~0-HH6yp;b!'» 20. Korna OH nO,ll;IDIJIrnasa, OKa3aJIOCb, paaxesarr, H nepeaapnre. 23. Ee KpaCHBaR cpHrypa H co BKy~OM

G:TOB3r.7I5l;ll;y Hero He06bIG:a:t;tHO npHCTaJIbHbIM Ii nbITJU:lBbIM. nonoopamraa onexaa scerna npHBJIeKaJIH BHHMaHHe. 24: OHa21. TOM 6blJl 06aRTeJIeH H He 06peMeHeH COBe€TbIO/6ecnpHH- MaJIeHbKHMH rJIOTKaMH' nI1JIa 6e3BKyCHbIM, He npHHOC5lrn;HM

U;HneH. OH HMeJI nOCT05lHHbIM P;OXO,ll;,)KI1B5l s a CG:eT ztpyseri, 60;lJ;POCTHG:aM. .

a P;PY3eMOH 3aBO,ll;I1JIJIerKO.

B. 1. OH qyBCTBOBaJI, G:TOHaG:HHaeT rrOCTeneHHO nsrnesarr,

H3 5lMbI, B KOTOPYlO CKaTHJIC5l (H3 60JIOTa, B KOTOPOM YB5l3).

2.5.[nmcorna H mrrzte erne He BI1,l1;eJIO,ll ;06HOM rpsan H 6ecno-

pamca. 3.5.[,l l;eMCTBHTeJIbHO nporynanca B -reraepr sa roponosr

H 5lBHJI<;5lP;OMOH,.j3ecb3aJI5lnaHHbIM rpaasro. 4. -Bsepa 5l BI1,l1;eJI-

C5lc OTtI;OM, - CKa3aJI BeH. - Haneancs, '4;TOOH nacr MHe no-

CJIemmM mane H Bblpyqmr MeIDl H3 9TOM 6e,ll;bI». 5. Ky-rep mernc-HYJI 6HG:OM, H nomazra nOHeCJIHCb npo-rs. 6. OHa -ryrs-sryrs

npHnO,ll;IDIJIa OKRO H nOJIO)KI1JIana JI06 .n;OTTHcMoG:eHHoe xo-'

JIO,ll;HOMBO,ll;OM rronorenne. 7. 3aHaBecKH meBeJIHJIHCb H3-3a

16

Exercise 3, p. 18

A. 1.The Browns were glad to drop of an evening for a c ock-

tail and some gossip. 2. He chuckled at the thought of how suc-

cessfully they had deceived the gossips. 3. Ann wound Tom

round her little finger. 4. It's time he wound up his speech. 5. Shehates peel ing potatoes. 6. Put the towel round your shoulders or

you'll burn and your skin will peel (off). 7. The silly boy is always

getting into a mess/into scrapes. 8. Scrape the soles of your shoes

thoroughly/Scrape the mud off the soles of your shoes before

you go into the cottage. 9. It took the boys much time and effort

17



to scrape up/scrape together the money they needed. 10. He is

a s teady young man. 11. He turned.out to be a steady worker. I

12.He was not bad-looking and had a good steady job. 13. The!

table. was unstc:ady, as one of its legs was broken. 1 4. The rain ~~pounng down steadily. 'j

B. 1. After he 'had finished packing, the room was in a mess.

2. But for your carelessness you wouldn't have got irrto

a mess/scrape. 3. But even he must have known that he had

made a mess of the job. 4. There is a crack.in the vase. 5. He'sfond of crackirig jokes. 6. Poor as they were, the workers wereready to contribute to their common cause. 7. He regularly con-

tributes poems. to our newspaper. 8. He came to lunch in partie-

ularly high spirits. 9. He did the job with such spirit that he

accomplished a shining success. 10. After supper everyone was

in high spirits/Slipper raised everyone's spirits. 11.When he is ill

he does not taste food for days. 12. The soup tastes of onions.

13.There is no accounting for tastes. 14. What do you know of

his tastes? 15. After our quarrel even my favourite dish seemedtasteless/tasted awful.

Exercise 4, pp. 18-20A. 1.Charles had planned to see Arthur Brown in Hall and on

the side pick up the latest rumours. 2.You meet other boats there

and rumours, often groundless about the people living or work-

ing on the river are exchanged'. 3. He had mentioned that

George's behaviour and private life were being much talked

about. 4. He gave people the latest rumours about others' affairsin the same way that he gave them drinks. 5. Bess was a person

who habitually spread rumours of an intimate nature and noth-

ing could make her mend her ways. 6. Bant marvelled how

quickly rumours of an intimate nature traveled/circulated. 7. At

last the town busybodies stopped pratt ling about her private l ife.

8. Next day, while he was at its last office bringing to an end its

last tattered affairs, I telephoned Mrs. Skelton. 9. Don't you seethat she can make anyone do whatever she likes? 10. The paint

on the wall was coming off in thin strips, and a banister leg was

loose. 11. The wallpaper came off in long, broad ribbons.

12.S itting down and taking off her gloves, Jane took a mirror

out of her bag and looked at herself. 13. Itwas a most difficultjob to remove all the rust (by firmly pushing something edged

18

across the surface again and again). 14.The lazy boy was lucky t?

sClueeze through the examination: he got a very low grade but it

allowed him to pass. 15. John had managed with difficulty to

save enough money to pay for his first year at college. 16 . I ranthe risk of getning into some unpleasant situations. 17'. "If you

don't take care, your friend will get you into serious trouble

some day," said Carrie. 18. My f~ther and I picked all the change

out of our pockets arid managed to collect 'enough to pay for

a breakfast at a diner. 19 . "BecarefullrLook 01.:lt!jWatchout! The:eis a broken step here. 20 . He often visited their home. 21. He said

in a shaky/faltering voice, "1' understand, Mrs. Eva~s."

22 . Caroline repeated the 'ejaculation', but this time her V01ce

shook a lit tle. 23. 'The snow was falling continuously /non-stopout of a tawny sky. 24. He clutched at her to keyp from falling.

25.He isa staunch fighter for peace. 26. "No", said Mary in a firmvoice "he never comes here." 27. He moved forward in the dark-

ness with faltering steps. 28 . I'm a bit of a Don Juan, my dear, you

need someone more serious and dependable. 29. He has got

a character and a regular job, and he's no fool. 30 . "I'm not #'

going," was his invariable answer (he always answered) to all her

threats and requests. 31. He 'kept losing weight.B. 1.You've bungled the job/you've blown it. I wish you had

refused to do it. 2.Why did you leave all the dirty dishes and rem-

nants/leftovers of food on the table? 3. Nothing to do but ,~lean

up the broken eggs - and such nice eg?s ,~heywere.~. No~we've got to clean everything up", he said. 'All I hope IS that It

doesn't take too long." 5. I imagined how badly he waul? do th.ejob - it was inevitable that he would botch it up/blow it. 6: ItISvery difficult for foreigners to pronounce this word properly.7.He is a person not easily understood or overcome or m~u-enced, 8. He is fond of making jokes, but, they are not to my lik-

ing. 9. Awinded horse, a broken bow and a foe forcibly turnedfriend cannot, be relied upon. (H~caJKeHHhIH KOHh,Ha,IVIOM-JIeHHhH1IYK.n;aaMHpeHHhIH:rpyr paBHOHeHa.n;e)I(HhI rroCJIO-BHu;a). 1 0. If OQe pours some liquid Into a vessel than has an .

opening,' however thin, caused by breaking, it will leak out.11.He made some invaluable scientific discoveries. 12. Mr.

Winfield listened and soon understood that he was expected totake part in th~ conversation'. 13.M.Sholokhov wrote quite a lotof world-class fiction. 14.Myown earliest boating recollection is

19



of five ofus paying three pence apiece (three pence each) tak-ing a boat on the lake. 15. This is not the right attitude to beginsome new wprk: with. (This is not the right frame of mind tobegin some new work in.) 16. We found him alone, spent anddepressed. 17.H~ immedia tely cheered up when the door swungopen and he saw Saundra on the threshold. 18. Despite all hertroubles she too seemed to be enjoying the occasion. 19. Canyou feel the flavour of pepper in this soup? 20. I don't think that

I ever ate pumpkin pie as good as hers. 21. His likes and dislikesdid not seem to have changed. 22. The house was handsome, headmitted, but it wasn't to his likingjbut it wasn't the sort ofhouse he could like. 23 . "Your understanding of brandy, Doctor,

is much better than your understanding of music," said Chris.24.After that, having taken a liking to the water/having taken to.the water, I did a good deal of rafting.

Exercise 5,p. 20

peel - scrape1. New potatoes are nice to the taste but I hate scraping

them. 2. I've boiled potatoes in their jackets/skins, will you

scrape/peel them? steady =firm.1.The chair was not steady because one of its legs was bro-

ken. 2.The oak-tree stood firm in the earth. 3.Mr. Convoy wasa steady customer at the bookshop. 4. His decision was firm.

crack - break1.The cup was/had cracked, but the pieces stil l held togeth-

er. 2. The ice cracked and then broke under his feet. 3.Brittlethings break easily.

taste =fiauour1.The peach has a peculiarly fine flavour. 2.The fruit looked

tempting, but it turned out to have an unpleasant taste. 3. I like

the lemon flavour of the sweets.

Exercise 6,p. 20

3aHYIMaThCHIIJIeTH5IMYIto gossip; to talk gossip;

3aBo,n;YIThracsr - to wind (up) a watch (a dock);

CMaThIBaThnrepcrs BKJIY60K to wind wool;

aaners JIOKTeMa qTO-JI.- to scrape one's elbow on/against

smth.;paoorars 6e3 nepezrsnnxa - to work steadily;

20

tmeCTYIBKJIa,n;o qTO-JI.- to make a contribution to smth., to

contribute to smth.;, n ; y x BpeMeHYI the spirit of the times (age);

pa60TaTh c orOHhKOM- to work with spirit;6hIThrOphKYIMna BKyC to taste bitter, to have a bitter taste;

o6BecTli KOro-JI.BOKPyrnansua -r- to lead smb. down the gar-

den path, to take smb. for a ride" to lead smb. a (pretty) dance, to

put/slip one over/on smb.

(of ladies only in the meaning oieumu U3' 1W20-Jl. eepeexu -to wind/twist/wrap smb. round one's lit tle finger)

Example: TeppOpYICThI06BeJIYI BJIaCTYIBOKPyr nansna. -

The terrorists put one over the authorities.rrorraCThB6e,n;y- to get into trouble (into a mess/a scrape);

6hITh 3aMeIIIaHHhIMB KaKOM-JI.ncnc - to be mixed up in

smth.;o srcyeax He crropar - tastes differ/there is no accounting for

tastes;Bxopornesr sxyce - in good taste, tastefully

Exercise 7,p. 20-22

A. 1. To be on the safe side don't talk about these affairs,some people are fond of gossiping about/over others' affairs .

2. " I think/To my mind/In my opinion/I believe/It seems to methere aren't many gossips in our block of flats (Brit)/apart-

ment hous (us), we are lucky/we are in luck," said Anne. 3. "I

would never have thought that Jane would circulate

gossip /would gossip," Kate said. "Just don't l isten to her," Dotty

answered. 4. Let's go/climb up this winding staircase to the top

of the tower. 5. What are you doing? Itwon't do. (It will never

do.) How can one wind off wool like this/in this way? 6. Noone could take a man for a ride/Nobody could lead a man

down the garden path like little Polly. 7. Put all these odds and

ends (all these little things) in a bag and wind a (piece of)

rope/string round/around it several times. 8.Don't peel the

bark off the birch-tree, you'll hurt it. 9 . You shouldn't lie in the

sun so long, your skin will peel (off), and anyway itdoes more

harm than good. 10.Why are you peeling the potatoes? For

salad it's better to boil them unpeeled/without peeling/in

their jackets/skins. 11. Kate sometimes managed to find 4 tem-

porary job but she still couldn't scrape a living. 12. Something

21



has stuck to my sole and I can't scrape itoff, it must be tar. 13.Look out! Don't scrape your arm against/on the nail. 14.Don't

~crape your fork on your plate, please, I hate this sound. 15.He

Just scraped through the examinations but r think he has real-

ized that one shouldn't waste so much time. 16. It's quite a

decent holidayrcerrtre but we had very bad luck with ,the

weather (but the weather was really nasty): it rained steadily

from morning till night. 17. At that moment I couldn't help

admirrngycouldn't help but admire/couldn't resistadmiring/couldn't keep from admiring her self-control. With

a steady hand she threaded the needle' and went on sewing as

though nothing had happened. 18. He seemed quite a steady

young man. 19. Let's put something under the leg of the tableto steady it. ".. ,

B. 1. John's room was in a dreadful/terrible/horrible mess

b~t when his sis,tertook advantage of his absence to tidy it hlpa

btt he got very angry and said that he couldn't find anything

there any more/any longer. 2. You have made a mess of the

whole job/messed up the whole job/blown the whole job

agatn. Aren't you ashamed of not caring at alljbeing indifferent

to everything? 3. Shemade a mess of my plans/upset/frustrat-

ed/foiled my plans by keeping me waiting for four hours. 4.We

heard a twig crack. Someone was approaching (usj/was com-

ing. 5. How careless you' are! Mother's favorite vase has/is

cracked: how could you wash it with/in boiling water? 6. Now

it isdangerousyunsafe to cross the river because of the cracks in

the ice. 7 '. The paint Oft the window-sill has/is cracked. Wewill

have' to scrape it off before repainting. 8. Regular traihing con-

tributed to his success in the competition. 9. He refused to con-

tribute his poems to our wall-newspaper and now there is no

time to ask somebody else to do it. 10. The American

painter/artist Rockwell Kent has contributed some of his worksto the Pushkin Museum/ Museum's collection of pictures. 11.

He spoke with such spirit that he left nobody cold/nobody

remained indifferent. 12. As soon as you tell him about it his

spirits will rise. 13:Youhave taken the criticism in the right spir-

it, just as I expected. 14.Irerriember that there ishalf a bottle of

strawberry juice left somewhere. It tastes like nothing else on

earth. (Its taste is beyond compare/is incomparable.) 15. At

first/ Initially/In the beginning the taste of this unfamiliar fruit

22

seemed unpleasant to us, but then/later we got used to slak-

ing/quenching.our thirst with it. 16.Allof usjWe all knew her to

be a woman of taste. 17. I don't like the taste of carrots. Don't

put them into the salad, please. 18.This shop has such a choice

of goods that you are sure to find something to your taste. 19.

Helikes to crack/make jokes/to joke, but many of his jokes are

in bad taste. 20. What a nuisance/How annoying! The cucum-

bers taste bitter/have a bitter taste.

Exercise 8, p. 22

1. Gossip . .2. Peel. 3. Contribution. 4. Taste. 5. A gossip.

6.We call such a person steady. 7. He/She can wind/wrap/

twist anyone round his/her little finger. 8. It is in a mess.

9. Iwould try to steady it. 10. I taste it. 11. I have to scrape it

out/to scrape the burnt porridge off its bottom/to scrape it

clean. 12 ..One must scrape up/together enough money to

pay the tuition. 13. It is sure to crack. 14. If all goes well, my

spirits rise/ are high, and if things go from bad to worse they

sink/fall (they are low).

Exercise 9, p. 221.What are you talking about? I'm not a gossip, (I'm'no gos-

sip.) 2. I know that it's in a mess but how could I help it? I've

slipped and fallen right into the mud. 3.You couldn't be more

wrong. He made a big contribution. (He contributed a lot to

our success.) 4. Yes,I know I should have worked with more

spirit, but honest to goodness I just couldn't: Iwas feeling dog-

tired. 5.I'm out of spirits. 6. I guess that's because Iwas in very

low spirits. Mygirlfriend had just dumped me. (Iknow Imade

a mess of my answer but it was because my next door neigh-

bour's horrid music had kept me awake all night.) 7. Oh, dear

God! It looks a mess' Youmust demand compensation. 8.We'd

better add some water to it and stir it all up. 9.Don't you know

her? She's the kind of woman to wind any man round her little

~inger.10.It's rotten. It tastes bitter. 11. Oh no, not he. He only

Just scraped through them. 12. The one whose shirt is in a

mess. See that large gravy stain? And lipstick all over the collar?

13. Oh yes, he was though he. just scraped through the

~ntrance exams. 14.That's metal scraping on glass. Disgusting,

lSn't it?

23



CHANGING PATIERNS OF LEISURE " ,x€rcise 13, p. 23 ",' I "

I ' ,

UStand in front of me,' you'll see better then, there will be TOPICAL VOCABULARY

n0thing in tfu.e:~ay dfyou view; 2. Frankly speaking, I don't see . . ' r . ,, ,tl hi ·\'11' t' id 3 Sh '. 1 .' t bl -b 'ft 1. Choosing a route. Packing. - BhI60p MapIIIpyra.Yna-a,ny' mg ,In' u ,a 1 ea. .:" e IS'a ways In r0u e ecause 0/on '. v. " '' "

account of'11er .son. 'He can't resist bad influence. 4. Iem never K~B~anemem I I ' ,

talk easilyto/with,him, we ha~e nothing in common. 5.A stitch , hike - pasz. ,z::q:UfTeJIbHaJIporyJIKa, '~,KcryI)c:lliIum rryreme-

in time saves mine. (Rroverb) 6..A bird in the hand is worth two CTBHerreI1IKo~.~OXO,ll;; , ';in the bush (Proverb). 7. There were not many people at the to g~ o~ ~ 1 e - oT~paBHTbe5I,1:3oxozq

.rneeting, about lQor 12 in number, I should think. 8. Our prep a- t<?go hiking - I} ~OHTHBnoxon, 2) ::oAI;iTbBI10XQ,n;bI;ration had to be made in secret, which required caution. 9. We ~lker - qeJIOBeK,rryTeIIIecTB)'IOIIJ,HHreIIIKoM,oTrrpaBHB-

ate i~ sight of land now amdwin soon be in port. 10.The matter IIIHH~5I~a ,ll;JIHTeJIbH)'IOrernyro,nporynxy, yqacTHI1Knoxozra,. 't' If'" ~, . fact I'was zoi 'k .. f plcmc - rrHKHI1K' ,In ~se ISnot Important, In~ct was gomg to ta e no nonce 0 lki _ ' hik . ' . .it, but He had.acted In such. away; that I rrnrst take it into consid- wa mg tour '~'. 1 e, , t •

erationt In any case it can't affect you. 11. I shall take these plates , ,walker -, 1)GM. hiker] 2) XO,ll;OKgood, bad, excellent etc.walk~r);away now'an.d bring the pudding in. 12. Come to our village in · to travel (to go) on foot -:-rryrenrecraoaari, (H,ll;TH)reIIIKOM;

-£month or 50.Yo'U'llsee tnen'howbeautiful it is in early June, all to wander [w ond e] - 6PO,p;I1Tb;

the 'llousessrnotmered in roses and not a cloud in the skY to roam[ -]6PO,ll;I1Tb;, . ', I'" route ru:t - MapIIIpyr, rryrs, xypc

Exercise 14, pp. 23-24 to choose a route - BbI6paTbMapIIIpYT;

1. Such' a teacher is hard to find, he is one in a thousand. to discuss plans - 06C}qK,ll;aTbIJIaHbI;,' ,

2. Iwas in the very midst of the crowd and couldn't come up to to plan a trip; - IIJIamrpOBaTbrrOe3,1J;Kyrroxop;/rryreIIIeC'L'Bl1e;you. ,3 . If! were you;llnyour'place I'woiild waft a little, it's in your guide-book - rryreaoznrrens, ,~,.I

interestCs). 4. "Who has taken (got/picked) out the mail/the light (hand) luggage - J,Ier~1l 6ard)K (py-nraa xnans),

post .today? One newspaper is missing," the father said in indig- heavy luggage - TIDKeJIbIllarax;

nation/indignantly 5. The bus .cohductor helped the/an old rucksack - pIOK3aK;woman to get on, 6. Jim 0pened the door and let in the dog wet knapsack - proxaax, 4 I, '

with Fain. 7.·"Yotlate inlow spiri ts today, aren't you?" - "res.I'm hamper - 60JIbIIIaJIKop311Hac KPbIWi<OIl,racroacnonsaye-

feeling somewhat depfessedzblue.Td rather stay at home and MaH.z:vrnznr,read." 8. ~ohn helped his wife off with, her Goat and in to the arm-basket - xopaana, ,

chair by the fireplace. 9. Don't you know that one should riot to pack clothes (supplies, cooking utensils, etc .) into a ruck-write a test in pencil? 10. We got off the train and set out in sack - YJIO)l(l1Tbynaxoaars) oztezczty (npanacsi, Ixyxoansre

'search of a hotel. 11.SpeC1-kn, a whisper. Antle seems to have fall- rrpI1Ha,LVIe)KHOCTHT.rr.)BpIOK3aK;

en asleep. 12. Ge@rge cut off aslice of bread, buttered it and to pack a rucksack - YJIQ)I(I1Tbenm BpIG>K3a~,started, eating. 13 . This Student is sure of his knowledge and is damp-pFOof - ~JIarOHerrpOHI1QaeMbIHI,.lIarocTollKl111;

showing off a little. 14.The paint won't come' off the coat, I can't , sleeping-bag - CrraJIb.6bII1MeIIIOK;~ ,scrape it 'off. 15, "Doyou ~t1:0Whow he is getting on with the the spirit of the journey r ; Z J ; y X rryremecrena;book he is writing?"- " T haven't seen him 'for a long.time, we to be open to all impressions - c rOTOBHOCTbIQmrrsraa'rs

don't get along." ~ '~Butwhy? I belteve you are finding fault with Bee BrreqaTJIeH:lliI;, I •

him. Eor all' his shortcomings/drawbacks/faults he is a very an inveterate [inveua )rit] anti-picnicker - y6e)K,ll;eHHbII1sa-decent man." " KOpeHeJlbII1)rrpO~HBHI1KrHKHHKOB. ", '

25



2. Nature. Weather - Hpnpozta. Horozta; the heat is stifling inbearable - qpHT,He1?hI~OCHMaH,y.rzyrna-

landscape - JIaH,ll;IIIa¢T, rreH3dJK,BI1,ll;; , IOru;aH»capa:HeBhIHOCHMOJ(apKoH rrynnro,scenery -: l rreii3a)J(,naanurarpr, BHA; there is hardly a breath of air - soszryx cOBepIIIeHHo Herro-

countrys'id:e:~ 1) CeJIhCKa5IMecTHocTh;2) nanmnadrr; ncn- ,lJ;BIDKeH;er HH MaJIeHIII~rO BeTepKa;, ,3dJK, BI1,ll;HerOpO,lJ;CKOH); not a leaf is stirring - He IIIeJIOXHC;ITC.HHHe,lJ;HHhIH,fltICT;

hil ly or level countryside - XOJIMHCThIHHJIHPOBHhIHrreH3J)K it 's 30( degre~s) above (zero) in the shade - cenaac TPI1,ll;-

(XOJIMHCTa5IHJIHPOBHa5IMecTHocTh); , uars (rpazrycon) (~hIINe H}:JI.H}BTeHl1:; ,

picturesque - )J(HBOrrHtHhIH~ it's a day to tempt anyone out - Ce;rO,lJ;IDI,TaKaJIrrpeKpaCHa5I

vegetation: - paCTHTeJlhHOCTh; norozta, qTO npocro HeB03MO)J(H0caners B -renapex GTeHaX,grove - pOIII;a; 3. Meals - E ,lJ ;a : ' . , ,

slope - CKJIOH; ;, meals in the open air - ena IdaCBe)J(eMsoazryxe, ,

steep hill ~ xpyrori XOJIM; cooking utensils [ju.rensslz] - xyxonnsre rrpHHa,lJ;JIe)J(HOCTH;

meditative [' m ed It~tIV] silence of the morning - THIIIHHa frying-pan - cxosopona, " I

yTpa, pacnonararomaa K HecrreIIIHhIM pa3p;yMhHM(K c03epu;a _ sa1;lcepan- KaCTpIOJI.H;iHHIO); , pot - KOTeJIoK;

to wind [wa III d] - BHThC.H,H3BHB:'lThC.H,reTJI.HTh0 rporrHH- . kettle - 1) qaHHHK (dJlil 'KUnfl'IJeHUflBodbt); 2) KOTeJI,OK;

xe, py-n,e H 'r.n.); 'tea-pot - qaHHHK,lJ;JI.HaBapKH;

winding - BhIOr:o;HHC.H,3BHBaIOIII;HHC.H,'rreTJUnor:o;I1H0 'I'pO- t? get a kettle toboil>- BCKHII.HT¥IThqaHHHK;

rrHHKe,py-n.e H 'r.n.); nn - ~oHCepBHaH'~aHKa; "

the weather forecast - npornos noroasr, tinned food - KOHcepBhI; £

to forecast (forecast/forecasted) the weather - C,lJ;eJIaThpo- tinopefler, - K0HcepBHhIH Hq)J(;rH03 rrorop;hI; pocket knife - CKJIa,lJ;HOHO)J(;,

constant (steady) rain (wind) - ncnpcpsraasra ,lJ;O)J(,ll;hBe- gas-burner - ra30Ba5IrOpeJ.IKa;rep), . water-container - eMKoqrh,lJ;.ll5IBO,lJ;hI;

dull (wet, damp, cloudy, foggy, windy) weather (day) - rrac- eggs and bacon - .HHqHHu;aC6eKoHoM;, 'R

MYPHa5I(p;O)J(,lJ;JIHBa5I,hlPa5I,06JIa-nraa, TyMaHHaH, serpenaa) scr~mbled ~g~s - 1) .HHqHHu;a60JI'I)'Hh.H;2) OMJIfT;norozta (-bIH ,lJ;eHh); plain, nourishing breakfast - npocroji, ChITMhIH3aBTpaK;

it is pouring - JIheTKaKH3 seztpa, to peel potatoes - qHCTHThKapToIIIKY (cpeaaa KO)KYPY);

to drizzle - MOPOCHTh(o nozczte); to scrape potatoes - qnC'FMThKapToIIIKY (cocKa6JIHB~ HO-

it is beginning to drizzle - HaqHHaeTMOpOCHTh; )KOMBeI?XHIOIOKO)KHU;Y);fog - TyMaH; to stlr - l\:1eIIIaTh,-rroMeIIIHBaTh;

thick fog - ryCTOHTyMaH; to mix - CMeIIIHBaTh;

mist - (JIerKHH) TyMaH, ,lJ;hIMKa; to crack - paCKaJIhIBaTh,KOJIOTh(opexn fiT.rr.);

to be (to get) wet through - npoxrosnyn.no HHTKH(HacKB03h); to squash [skw oJ] - 1) pa3;ZJ;aBJIHBaT:O(C.H),acrr~IOIII;H-the things are damp - BeIII;Horcsrpezm, sars (C.H),pa3MHHaTh; 2) BhI)J(HMaThCOK;, ' .

the things are soaked - Ber:o;HrpOMOKJIHHaCKB03h; to smash - paserrrsaapericsrn, " ,

the wind rises - rrO,lJ;HHMaeTC.Herep, drives the clouds to clean (to scrape out) a frying-pan.>- OTqHCTHTh(OTCK06-

away - pa3rOH.HeT06JIaKa; brings rain - rrparonaer ,lJ;O)J(,ll;eBhleIHTh) c~OBOpQ,lJ;I(y;ryl.fH; drops _ CTHxaeT; to splll- rrpOJIHBaTh(C.H); ,

it's a hot, stuffy day - cerozma )KapKO 11;n;yrrrHO; odds and ends - OCTaTKH(rnnnn :H T.rr.), BC.HKa5Ioi:qHHa;

26 27



flav our - apo sra 'r , 60< cr (sm ra, qaH MT .rr .), rr pID IT Hh IH sa nax

MJIMBKyC;

good stuff -·X OpO IIIa H ezr a (xopom ne B eIIJ ;MMT .r r.) ;

like nothing else on ear th - H M C qeM H e cpaBH HM O;

to m ake a fire - pa3BeCTM KOCTep (orcas);

to put out the fire - norynnrrs orons (xocrep),to ligh t a gas-st ove -· 33.) KeQ b r aaosyro IT JIM TK y;

to settle oneself for a m eal - ycecrscs (paCrrOJIO)KJ1TbCR),

q T0 6b I n oe cr s,

to squat [sk w o t] dow n to supper - r rpncecrs na KOPTOqKH ,

qT06b I r r oyxoma r s;

burnt and. unappetizing-looking m ess - rronropenmee, H e-

annerrrrao BblrJIR,lJ; .HIIJ;eeeCMBO;

t o g iv e smb. a goo d ap pet it e - B bI3B aT b YKorO -JI. (xopo ma n)

anrrerrrr;

to w ash l!P - M bITb rrocyzry.

4. Sleep - COH:

to cam p out - )KJ1TbB n anarxax,

to sleep out - cnars na O TK PbITO M aoszryxe M JIMB n anarxe,

a p ic nic s it e - MeCTO ,l J; JI .Hr HKHMKa (m IKHMKoB ) ;

to fix (to pitch) a tent - rrOCTaB MTb nanarxy;to str ike a tent - C IDITb nanarxy,

s le ep in g-b ag - C rr aJ Ib H bIH M eIlIo K;

to be fast asleep - xpem cocnars;

not to sleep a w ink - BCIOH Oqb fJIa3 H e COMKH yTb;

torch - (py-m ori) cpoH apM K.·

5.Batlling and Boating - Kyrrarrrre H KaTaHHe

to row [ra W ] up (dow n) the river (stream ) - rpecrn ssepx

(BHM3) r ro p ex e (T eq eHM IO );

to steer - 1) npasars, yr rpa snar s pY JIeM ; 2) CJIyIIIaTbcR pyJIR,

ynpaBJIeHIDI;

bow [bau] - HOC (JIO , lJ ;KH,Kopa6 JIR MT . r r. );

stern - KopM a;

canoe [kon u:] - 6aH p;apKa, K aH o3;

row ing-boat - B eC eJIbH aH JIo.n:K a;

m otor -bo at - MOT OP HaH JIO ,lJ ;K a;

yacht [p: t] - RXTa;

to la nd - B bIC a) KJ 1B aT b(CR) r ra 6 ep er ;

t o g et o ut - Bb IXO ,lJ ;I fT bM3 J I o. n: KH ,Ma II IMHb IM T .r r. );

t o s cu ll - 1) r pecTM na pnsn sn B eC JIaM H ;2) r pecr n K OPMO BbI-

MMBeCJIaMH;

to tow [tau] - TRH YTb na 6yKcM pe;

to punt .; 1) nmrrs, OTTaJIKHBaHCb I I IecToM; 2) ITJIbITb na

rrJIOCKO,lJ;OHKe;

r aft [ra :ft] - r rJ IO T;

t o ra ft - C IT JIa BJIR Tb CR(nnsrrs) na nnory 3aHMMaTbCR parp-

TMHrOM;

st ron g c urr ent - CMJ IbH O e're xeaa e,a r ef re sh in g b at he - O CB e) Ka IO IIJ ;e eKY IT aHMe.

l

UNIT1WO

Exercise 1, p. 38

Possible variantsHa JIO,ll;J(ax: .

to look dow n at the r iver and shiver - (rro )CMOTpcrb C 6epe- 1. It w as a silly rather than a w itty rem ark. 2. The officer is

ra na pexy If (3a),lJ;p0)KaTb; , stubborn rather than stupid. 3. Th e .farnily suffered fo r lack ojto throw w ater over oneself - 06m rnaTboI BO,lJ;OH ;. money. 4. If! w ere invited to the concer t,I would dress inmy verya trem endous splash - 1) o r JIYI I lMTeJIbHbIH BCITJIecK;2) or - best C ! would dress appropriately Jor the occasion). 5.What you

POMHbIH cporrran 6pbI3r; need IS courage. 6. T he a rt ic le has nothing to do with art. 7. She isto dive - nsrprrrs, know n for her complete lack oj taste. 8. Whatyou need is to go

to sw im - ITJIaBaTb; and see for yourself. 9. She is an experienced secretary ratherto have a sw im - M CKYITaTbcR,nonnaaars, thr:n a good office manager. 10.Y our r em ark has nothing to doto run one's boat into a quiet nook - npaxam rrs K 6 epery : V 1t h th~ problem under discussion. 11. S he sh ould be int ereste d

BTMXOMyrOJIKe; tntennzs rather than volleyball. 12.H e sp ok e u ng ra cio usly ratherto hire a boat - B 3R Tb rrozncy nanpoxar, than amiably. 13. She is poor and alw ays feels a lack ojto get upset - rrepesepayrsca (0 JIO ,lJ;K eM T .rr.) ; money/Junds. 14. If Pete had m any fr iends, he wouldn't say that

28 29

tatischeva_unit1

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