today's complex system and chinese philosophy

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06/07/2022 Copyright by Wesley Shu 1 宏宏宏宏宏宏宏宏宏—宏宏宏宏 A Holistic View of “Book of Change” & Management -- Perspective from "Complex System" Wesley Shu 宏宏宏 , Ph.D.

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Page 1: Today's Complex System and Chinese Philosophy

04/10/2023 Copyright by Wesley Shu 1

宏觀認識易經與管理—複雜系統

A Holistic View of “Book of Change” & Management -- Perspective from "Complex

System"

宏觀認識易經與管理—複雜系統

A Holistic View of “Book of Change” & Management -- Perspective from "Complex

System"

Wesley Shu 粟四維 , Ph.D.Wesley Shu 粟四維 , Ph.D.

Page 2: Today's Complex System and Chinese Philosophy

04/10/2023 Copyright by Wesley Shu 2

廿一世紀科學文明管理發展的特徵廿一世紀科學文明管理發展的特徵• 從微觀的研究模式到宏觀的思考模式• 從左腦到右腦• 從垂直思考到水平思考• From “thesis” to “synthesis”• From “content” to “context”

• 從微觀的研究模式到宏觀的思考模式• 從左腦到右腦• 從垂直思考到水平思考• From “thesis” to “synthesis”• From “content” to “context”

Page 3: Today's Complex System and Chinese Philosophy

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廿一世紀科學文明管理發展的特徵廿一世紀科學文明管理發展的特徵• From “pattern” to “situation”• From “centralization” to

“decentralization”• From “hierarchical” to “flat”

• From “pattern” to “situation”• From “centralization” to

“decentralization”• From “hierarchical” to “flat”

Complex SystemComplex System易經易經

Page 4: Today's Complex System and Chinese Philosophy

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Complex System 複雜系統Complex System 複雜系統

複雜系統就是由多個簡單的個體,彼此依據某種規則,進行智能性或適應性的選擇,所形成的一個系統

複雜系統就是由多個簡單的個體,彼此依據某種規則,進行智能性或適應性的選擇,所形成的一個系統

Page 5: Today's Complex System and Chinese Philosophy

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Complex System 複雜系統Complex System 複雜系統

e.g.,• Water• Economy • Biology

e.g.,• Water• Economy • Biology

Page 6: Today's Complex System and Chinese Philosophy

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上善若水上善若水

河流是有生命的﹐而河流的變遷﹐包括流速﹑河道﹑沖積等等﹐所依據的原則就是河流本身不斷尋求最小的能量損耗

河流是有生命的﹐而河流的變遷﹐包括流速﹑河道﹑沖積等等﹐所依據的原則就是河流本身不斷尋求最小的能量損耗

Complex System 複雜系統

Page 7: Today's Complex System and Chinese Philosophy

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經濟經濟

• Keynes’ Invisible Hand• Adam Smith’s Laiser Fair Laiser Passer• Profit Maximization

• Keynes’ Invisible Hand• Adam Smith’s Laiser Fair Laiser Passer• Profit Maximization

Complex System 複雜系統

Page 8: Today's Complex System and Chinese Philosophy

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BiologyBiology

• Structure of Protein • Protein crystalization is very difficult• But such gigantic structures decide

their functions in human bodies

• Structure of Protein • Protein crystalization is very difficult• But such gigantic structures decide

their functions in human bodies

Complex System 複雜系統

Page 9: Today's Complex System and Chinese Philosophy

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Principle of Complex SystemPrinciple of Complex System(2)

delay = 15delay = 15

Complex System 複雜系統

(1)

Page 10: Today's Complex System and Chinese Philosophy

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Principle of Complex SystemPrinciple of Complex System

Complex System 複雜系統

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Principle of Complex SystemPrinciple of Complex System

Complex System 複雜系統

老子道德經十八章• 道之為物,惟恍惟惚。 • 惚兮恍兮,其中有象。• 恍兮惚兮,其中有物。• 窈兮冥兮,其中有精。• 其精甚真,其中有信。莊子「道術恐為天下裂」

老子道德經十八章• 道之為物,惟恍惟惚。 • 惚兮恍兮,其中有象。• 恍兮惚兮,其中有物。• 窈兮冥兮,其中有精。• 其精甚真,其中有信。莊子「道術恐為天下裂」

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複雜系統 易經複雜系統 易經

• 變易、不易、簡易• 鄭玄 : 「易一名而含三義﹕易簡、一

也。變易、二也。不易、三也。」

• 變易、不易、簡易• 鄭玄 : 「易一名而含三義﹕易簡、一

也。變易、二也。不易、三也。」

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This PPT TemplateThis PPT Template• Works by Leonardo Da Vinci• Integration of art and science• 了解易經與管理 , 需有藝術心靈與性靈• 而不是將極為世俗的管理技巧穿鑿附會

於易經的哲理• 或以偽科學故弄玄虛

• Works by Leonardo Da Vinci• Integration of art and science• 了解易經與管理 , 需有藝術心靈與性靈• 而不是將極為世俗的管理技巧穿鑿附會

於易經的哲理• 或以偽科學故弄玄虛

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Hagel’s DialectHagel’s Dialect

Thesis

Synthesis

Antithesis

Thesis Antithesis

SynthesisThesis

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易經的正反合易經的正反合

乾 坤

既濟

未濟

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太極的正反合太極的正反合

• 圓融相合• 理事無礙• 陽中有陰,陰中有陽• 陽為陰生,陰為陽生

• 圓融相合• 理事無礙• 陽中有陰,陰中有陽• 陽為陰生,陰為陽生

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太極的演化太極的演化• 太極生兩儀• 兩儀生四象• 四象生八卦• 八卦生六十四爻 由量變而質變,由單一而複雜

• 太極生兩儀• 兩儀生四象• 四象生八卦• 八卦生六十四爻 由量變而質變,由單一而複雜 V y Vy

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元﹑亨﹑利﹑貞 元﹑亨﹑利﹑貞

• 【卦辭】乾。元、亨、利、貞。• 易經的本體論,宇宙論,認識論,目的

論• 是管理的根本,也是未來管理的重點• 孔子註解易經乾卦的文言傳

• 【卦辭】乾。元、亨、利、貞。• 易經的本體論,宇宙論,認識論,目的

論• 是管理的根本,也是未來管理的重點• 孔子註解易經乾卦的文言傳

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元﹑亨﹑利﹑貞 元﹑亨﹑利﹑貞

• 元者,善之長也﹔• 亨者,嘉之會也﹔• 利者,義之和也﹔• 貞者,事之幹也。

• 元者,善之長也﹔• 亨者,嘉之會也﹔• 利者,義之和也﹔• 貞者,事之幹也。

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元﹑亨﹑利﹑貞 元﹑亨﹑利﹑貞 君子• 體仁,足以長人﹔• 嘉會,足以合禮﹔ • 利物,足以和義﹔• 貞固,足以幹事。

君子• 體仁,足以長人﹔• 嘉會,足以合禮﹔ • 利物,足以和義﹔• 貞固,足以幹事。

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元﹑亨﹑利﹑貞 元﹑亨﹑利﹑貞

君子行此四德者,故曰:乾:元亨利貞。君子行此四德者,故曰:乾:元亨利貞。

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今人嚴新對元亨利貞的解釋今人嚴新對元亨利貞的解釋

元者﹐善之長也﹐生命創造與孕育之本體所在﹐故為生命之本也﹑始也﹑生也﹐乃一動力系統﹐大也。

元者﹐善之長也﹐生命創造與孕育之本體所在﹐故為生命之本也﹑始也﹑生也﹐乃一動力系統﹐大也。 • 天之大德曰生• 方東美:生生之德

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今人嚴新對元亨利貞的解釋今人嚴新對元亨利貞的解釋

亨者﹐嘉之會也﹐生命創始與孕育的宇宙﹐故為生命之通也﹑達也﹑中易也﹐乃一運作系統﹐故達。

亨者﹐嘉之會也﹐生命創始與孕育的宇宙﹐故為生命之通也﹑達也﹑中易也﹐乃一運作系統﹐故達。

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今人嚴新對元亨利貞的解釋今人嚴新對元亨利貞的解釋

利者﹐義之和也﹐生命創造與孕育的知識﹐故為生命之宜也﹑和也﹑敦也﹐乃一功效系統﹐故深。

利者﹐義之和也﹐生命創造與孕育的知識﹐故為生命之宜也﹑和也﹑敦也﹐乃一功效系統﹐故深。

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今人嚴新對元亨利貞的解釋今人嚴新對元亨利貞的解釋

貞者﹐事之幹也﹐生命創造與孕育的價值﹐故生命之正也﹑故也﹑永也﹐乃一目的系統﹐故久。

貞者﹐事之幹也﹐生命創造與孕育的價值﹐故生命之正也﹑故也﹑永也﹐乃一目的系統﹐故久。

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究天人之際,通古今之變究天人之際,通古今之變

• Universality versus specificity• Heavenly and secular world• Ancient and modern• Constance and change

• Universality versus specificity• Heavenly and secular world• Ancient and modern• Constance and change

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現有科學現有科學• 現象﹑問題• 找出原理• 根據原理尋求解決個別問題的方法• 成功解決問題

• 現象﹑問題• 找出原理• 根據原理尋求解決個別問題的方法• 成功解決問題

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現有科學現有科學• 河流如何變遷演變• 河流本身不斷尋求最小的能量損耗• 每條河流不一樣的地貌環境有著不一樣解決問題的

方式• 透過計算﹐成功地為水壩的興建和廢棄﹑河流氾濫

的可能性﹑河流附近開墾所造成的可能影響﹑河道的人為改造﹐提出具體而簡潔的建議或方案

• 河流如何變遷演變• 河流本身不斷尋求最小的能量損耗• 每條河流不一樣的地貌環境有著不一樣解決問題的

方式• 透過計算﹐成功地為水壩的興建和廢棄﹑河流氾濫

的可能性﹑河流附近開墾所造成的可能影響﹑河道的人為改造﹐提出具體而簡潔的建議或方案

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中國科學中國科學

1.現象﹑問題2. 成功解決問題3.找出原理4. 根據原理尋求解決個別問題的方法

1.現象﹑問題2. 成功解決問題3.找出原理4. 根據原理尋求解決個別問題的方法

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中國科學中國科學

1.蛋白質如何結晶2.外氣讓蛋白質在常態條件下結晶3. 有序化4. ?

1.蛋白質如何結晶2.外氣讓蛋白質在常態條件下結晶3. 有序化4. ?

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劍道的三個境界劍道的三個境界

1. 劍即是人,人即是劍。即使一根芒草也可以成為殺人利器

2. 手中無劍,劍在心中,制敵於意念之間3. 手中無劍,心中也無劍,歸於大同

1. 劍即是人,人即是劍。即使一根芒草也可以成為殺人利器

2. 手中無劍,劍在心中,制敵於意念之間3. 手中無劍,心中也無劍,歸於大同

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劍道的三個境界劍道的三個境界

老子三十九章• 昔之得一者﹐天得一以清﹐地得一以寧﹐神得一以靈﹐谷得一以盈﹐萬物得一以生﹐侯王得一以為天下貞

老子三十九章• 昔之得一者﹐天得一以清﹐地得一以寧﹐神得一以靈﹐谷得一以盈﹐萬物得一以生﹐侯王得一以為天下貞

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與現代管理的穿鑿附會與現代管理的穿鑿附會• CRM – 易經致廣大而盡精微 , 極高明而

道中庸 – get inside the lives of your customers, HBR May 2001

• KM – 古者庖犧氏之王天下也,仰則觀象於天,俯則觀法於地,視鳥獸之文與地之宜,近取諸身﹐遠取諸物﹐於是始作八卦﹐以通神明之德﹐以類萬物之情

• CRM – 易經致廣大而盡精微 , 極高明而道中庸 – get inside the lives of your customers, HBR May 2001

• KM – 古者庖犧氏之王天下也,仰則觀象於天,俯則觀法於地,視鳥獸之文與地之宜,近取諸身﹐遠取諸物﹐於是始作八卦﹐以通神明之德﹐以類萬物之情

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與現代管理的穿鑿附會與現代管理的穿鑿附會• Strategic Management – 一陰一陽之謂道• Change Management – 王弼《周易略例》﹕故觀變動者存乎應,察安危者存乎位,辨逆順者存乎承乘,明出處者存乎內外,遠近始終各存其會,辟險尚遠趣時貴近

• Strategic Management – 一陰一陽之謂道• Change Management – 王弼《周易略例》﹕故觀變動者存乎應,察安危者存乎位,辨逆順者存乎承乘,明出處者存乎內外,遠近始終各存其會,辟險尚遠趣時貴近

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與現代管理的穿鑿附會與現代管理的穿鑿附會• Abstraction and realization• Phase and pattern• Situational and contextual thinking• Growth model• Innovation and creativity – dialectical and

symbolic thinking

• Abstraction and realization• Phase and pattern• Situational and contextual thinking• Growth model• Innovation and creativity – dialectical and

symbolic thinking

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與現代管理的穿鑿附會與現代管理的穿鑿附會• Synergy• Mission – 大哉乾元,萬物資始,乃統天• Et cetera!• 六十四卦 (hexagrams) 和各種 taxonomy 配合,如 Project Management

• Synergy• Mission – 大哉乾元,萬物資始,乃統天• Et cetera!• 六十四卦 (hexagrams) 和各種 taxonomy 配合,如 Project Management

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與未來管理的關係與未來管理的關係• 時間有序化,空間有序化,功能有序化• 視企業為生命體,有機體 :

evolution/revolution• Adhocracy: keep a status for the above

mechanism to emerge and diffuse• Ichingocracy: activate such mechanism• 萬曆十五年

• 時間有序化,空間有序化,功能有序化• 視企業為生命體,有機體 :

evolution/revolution• Adhocracy: keep a status for the above

mechanism to emerge and diffuse• Ichingocracy: activate such mechanism• 萬曆十五年

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與未來管理的關係與未來管理的關係

• 了解企業的本體,目的,認識,功能• 複雜系統• 中國哲學的科學實踐

• 了解企業的本體,目的,認識,功能• 複雜系統• 中國哲學的科學實踐

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今人陳明德論”變”今人陳明德論”變”• 不變者惟變而已矣 ! Change is the only

constant!• 知變之兆而能覺之 Sense the change is

coming and is alerted by some subtle signs• 知變之常而能革之 Knowing that change is

a common phenomenon and is willing to change

• 不變者惟變而已矣 ! Change is the only constant!

• 知變之兆而能覺之 Sense the change is coming and is alerted by some subtle signs

• 知變之常而能革之 Knowing that change is a common phenomenon and is willing to change

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今人陳明德論”變”今人陳明德論”變”• 知變之勢而能乘之 Take advantages of the

trends• 知變之機而能決之 Can decide the major

levers for changes• 知變之劇而能化之 Can reduce the dramatic

changes with a smooth implementation plan• 知變之妙而能通之 Master all the intricacies

throughout the change process

• 知變之勢而能乘之 Take advantages of the trends

• 知變之機而能決之 Can decide the major levers for changes

• 知變之劇而能化之 Can reduce the dramatic changes with a smooth implementation plan

• 知變之妙而能通之 Master all the intricacies throughout the change process

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今人陳明德論”變”今人陳明德論”變”• 通變者君子之智也 ! Have wisdom to

become a change master!• 居變者君子之德也 ! Maintain the

virtue and ethical standards during changing time and crisis!

• 通變者君子之智也 ! Have wisdom to become a change master!

• 居變者君子之德也 ! Maintain the virtue and ethical standards during changing time and crisis!