triyunita-s5.5

8/11/2019 Triyunita-S5.5

1/6

Master Plan of Hazard Assessment in Ijen Volcano

ComplexAde Triyunita

1, Shaskia Herida Putri

1, Dicky Muslim

2

1Faculty of Geological Engineering, Undergraduate Program, University of PadjadjaranJl. Raya BandungSumedang KM.21, Jatinangor, 45363

2Faculty of Geological Engineering, Master Program, University of PadjadjaranJl. Dipati Ukur 35, Bandung, 40132

Abstract

Indonesia has many geological sites with diverse characteristics that has natural

beauty, but also has the potential of great danger. One of many geological sites in

Indonesia is Ijen Volcano Complex, located inEast Java,Indonesia.This volcano

has a crater that could explode at any time. Ijen Crater relocates meteoric water

that eventually has very high acid levels due to active volcanism. The dangers in

the Ijen Volcano Complex do not only come from eruption, but also from the

infiltration of crater lake water. Those will become a threat for societies who live

around the volcano. So far, the prevention act by the government has not been

effective and efficient enough.

The people should be informed about the its dangerous and risk level of the

volcano. From literature study, will be produced an analysis of the topographic

map, geological map, volcano hazard map, and from these maps can be created a

risk analysis table. As a matter of fact, the risk levels could be known from the

risk analysis table by using risk assessment method, therefore, the evacuation plan

and hazard mitigation could be designed in advance.Keywords: risk level, risk analysis table, Ijen Volcano Complex

1. IntroductionIndonesia is the biggest archipelago in the world, located at the collision of three

tectonic plates, the Eurasian Plate, the Pacific Plate and the Indo-Australian Plate.

Therefore, Indonesia has many volcanoes with different types of eruptions,

morphology, and compilers. One of them is Ijen Volcano which has strato form

located on the edge of East Java. Ijen Volcano has a crater that grow inside the

Ijen Caldera and have a size of 14-16 km with a depth of about 190 m and a

pH


2/6

2

erupted and the crater lake water producing contaminated groundwater that may

interfere with the agricultural sector and water supply sector. So to make people

nearby aware about the hazard of volcano eruption, we must build risk levels

design around Ijen Volcano Complex.

1.2 ProblemsIjen Volcano has an explosive and effusive eruption types, produces pyroclastic

flows and falls, and also lava flows. The strong alteration at the slope has a

potential of volcanic avalanche or landslides. The eruption intensity of Ijen

Volcano is very high in the past. Therefore, great eruption is possibly occurring in

the future.

The crater lake water with pH


3/6

3

Ijen Volcano is a mountain with a form stratovolcano which means shaped like a

cone. This volcano has a phreatic and magmatic eruption type, however the

phreatic eruption are happening more frequently, due to the ground or surface

water is heated by the magma causes the high-pressure steam.

2.2Keywords ExplanationRisk assessment is the process of evaluating risks to workers safety and health

from workplace hazards.3

Risk analysis table is a table contains information about hazard-prone areas,

affected area, total population, population density, threat index, and relation to

each other.

3. MethodologyRisk assessment is a scientific activity that can be done in many fields of study,

for example in the volcano hazard subject. Study on the activity of Ijen Volcano

Complex is based on the analysis of secondary data, which is the analysis of

topographic map, geological map, volcanic hazard map of Ijen Volcano,

population statistics data, and geographic data of Ijen area. Analysis of these data

may provide an overview of the risk assessment of this area.

This risk assessment refers to the Regulation of the National Hazard Management

Agency No.02 of 2012 on the General Guidelines for Hazard Risk Assessment

and then processed into a risk analysis table. Afterward, this table can be used as

guidelines for the general public about the potential dangers of Ijen Volcano

Complex.

(Fig. 3).

4. Result and Discussion

4.1 Resul tFrom the analysis of risk, we obtain the risk analysis table of Ijen Volcano, which

is divided into three levels of risk from low high risk, which describes the risks

of each region of the eruption of Ijen Volcano without being restricted by

administrative boundaries.

(Tab 1)

4.2 Di scussionHazards of Ijen Volcano form pyroclastic fallout, pyroclastic flows, lava flows,

lahar eruptions, lahar rain, and other dangers caused by the high acid of crater lake

water. The hazard potential in area of Ijen Volcano Complex is depicted in the

illustration of Ijen Volcano hazard map. (See fig 3).

3 Risk Assessment definition based on European Agency of Safety and Health at work


4/6


5/6

5

Ijen Volcano Complex has the hazard potential of volcanic eruption and also the

danger of highly acidic water crater infiltration; it could become a threat for

surrounding communities. Based on the volcanic hazard map, statistics data, and

General Guidelines for Hazard Risk Assessments, a table of risk analysis could be

produced. Of the risk analysis table, it could be known the level of hazard for each

region. With this table, the local communities of the surrounding area would be

more understanding about the hazard potential in the area, and then the purpose of

making this paper has been achieved.

6. References Mulyana, A.R. et al. 2006. Volcanic Hazard Map Of Ijen Volcano, East Java

Province. Bandung : Central Volcanology and Geological Hazard

Mitigation.

Kadarsetia, Eka and Terry Sriwana (2010) Chemistry of The Crater Lake

Of Ijen Volcano And Surrounding Area, East Java, Prior To 1999 Eruption

p19-23.

Republic of Indonesia. 2011.Data Base Indonesian Volcano Second Edition.

Bandung: Central Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation, Ministry

of Energy.

Republic of Indonesia. 2011. Result of the Population Census of

Banyuwangi District. Banyuwangi : The Central Bureau of Statistics.

Putrohari, Rovicky Dwi. 2012. Getting to know Mount Ijen crater that filled

with distilled acid.< http://rovicky.wordpress.com/2012/01/09/mengenal-

kawah-gunung-ijen-yg-terisi-air-aki/>

Republic of Indonesia. 2012. Regulation No. 02 of 2012 on General

Guidelines for Hazard Risk Assessment. Jakarta: National Hazard

Management Agency.

Zaennudin, Deden Wahyudin, et al. 2012.Hazard Assesment of Ijen volcanic

eruption East Java. Bandung: Geological Bureau.

7. Attachment

Fig 1: Location of Ijen Volcano Complex
http://www.faktailmiah.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/kawah-ijen-4.jpg?71b815http://www.faktailmiah.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/kawah-ijen-4.jpg?71b815http://www.faktailmiah.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/kawah-ijen-4.jpg?71b815


6/6

6

Hazard-

Prone

Area

Explanation Affected Areas Total Population Population DensityThreat Index

I

Potentially affected by rain

lahars and possibly affected byincandescent pyroclastic flow or

lahars eruption

Sub-District Banyuwangi106.112 3.522 inhabitants/km2

High

Sub-District Glagah 33.984 703 inhabitants/km2

Medium

Sub-District Songgoh50.247 607 inhabitants/km2

Medium

Sub-District Wongsorejo74.344 160 inhabitants/km2

Low

Sub-District Kabat67.133 404 inhabitants/km2

Low

Sub-District Asembagus

47.920 (exposed to

water crater

infiltration)

--

II

Potentially affected by

pyroclastic flow, eruption rain,

lahars rain and possibly volcanic

avalanches, heavy ash fall and

ejected rock fragment

Sub-District Sempol 11.252 293 inhabitants/km2

Low

Sub-District Banyuputih 54.201 112 inhabitants/km2

Low

III

Potentially affected by

pyroclastic flow, toxic gasses,

lahars or lavas rain, hot mud,

and heavy ash fall

None None NoneNone

Tab 1. Risk Analysis Table

Fig 3 : Official Volcano Hazard Map of Ijen Volcano

Fig 2: Crater in IjenVolvcano

triyunita-s5.5

Documents