ttnt_c4_6397

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    TRNG CAO NG CNTT HU NGH ViT - HN

    KHOA KHOA HC MY TNH-----------***-----------

    TR TU NHN TO(Artificial Intelligence - AI)

    Nguyn Thanh Cm

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    Contents

    Tng quan v khoa hc tr tu nhn to1

    Cc !h"#ng !h! g$%$ qu&'t v(n ) c# *%n2

    Tr$ th+c v, cc !h"#ng !h! *$-u .$/n tr$ th+c3

    0& hc

    0ng N#ron!

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    Mc ch ca chng 4

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    Chng 4

    MY HCMY HC

    "1

    "2

    TH# NO $ MY HC

    HC %&NG CCH '(Y )NG C(Y NH )ANH

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    4.1 T! "#$ %# M&' C

    Thut ng "hc" l tip thu tri thc.

    Qu trnh hc din ra d!i nhiu hnh thc nh#

    hc thu1c 23ng 4hc v5t67

    hc th8o k$nh ngh$9 4hc .:a th8o tr";ngh

    hc th8o k$-u ngh8 nh=n7>>>

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    4.1 T! "#$ %# M&' C

    $h%& 't ph(ng php hc d)a th*& tr+ng h,p.

    h th?ng )"

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    4.1 T! "#$ %# M&' C

    C th- kh$ qut qu tr=nh hc th8o tr";ngh

    - # /

    p 0r

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    4.1 T! "#$ %# M&' C

    Tuy nhi1n2 tp nh3 4hu h5n6 '& 7!i tp t8t c%cc tr+ng h,p c9n :uan t;m < 4 c ti1u l ?;y d)ng nh ?5 -< 'a& ch& c@ thAng mi tr+ng h,p p< tr&ng tp < 7!i mBt "l!p"r tr&ng tp /.

    (n na2 -< ph%i D%& t&n -2 nghEa l #

    KI$ 9$ ! L th= M4!6 M 4!6

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    4.1 T! "#$ %# M&' C

    c th*& tr+ng h,p l tm cch ?;y d)ng nh ?5-< d)a th*& nh ?5 -. - F,c gi l tp mGu.

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    "2"1

    "2"2

    "2"3

    "2"

    m chi

    Phng n chn thuc tnh phn hoch

    Pht sinh tp lut

    Ti u tp lut

    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    Pt 91t v .QJ Cn S& .:ng cc qu& 2uDt )- k't 2uDn 91t ng";$ nh" th' n,o kh$

    )$ t9 *$-n th= * ch& nng>

    Ta g$ tnh ch(t ch& nng ha& khVng ch& nng 2, thu1c tnhquan t9 4thu1c tnh 9Qc t$u6>

    Trong tr";ng h

    tD! R gW9 c ha$ !hn tX YAch& nngA7 A*=nh th";ngAZ>

    tD! L 2, t(t c% nh[ng ng";$ )"

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    Tn Tc Ch.Cao Cn Nng Dng kem Kt quSarah Vng T.Bnh Nh! Kh"ng Ch#$

    Dana Vng Cao T.Bnh C Kh"ng

    %&e' Nu Th() T.Bnh C Kh"ng%nn*e Vng Th() T.Bnh Kh"ng Ch#$

    +m*&*e ,- T.Bnh Nng Kh"ng Ch#$

    eter Nu Cao Nng Kh"ng Kh"ng

    /ohn Nu T.Bnh Nng Kh"ng Kh"ng

    Kart*e Vng Th() Nh! C Kh"ng

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    b t"ngh;n h&5ch tp thnh cc tp i 'a& ch& t8t c%

    cc ph9n tH tr&ng cc tp iFu c@ chung thuBctInh m>c ti1u.

    J KL... n74i2M6 iM# th 4iMJ 6 7

    i2 2l# pi7 plMth -4p6 J -4pl6

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    Cc ph;n h&5ch iF,c FOc trng DPi thuBc tInhFIch ri4ri/62

    ng 7!i mRi ph;n h&5ch ita ?;y d)ng lut Si#

    Tiritr&ng F@ cc Til mUnh F F,c hnhthnh DVng cch t h,p cc thuBc tInh dGn?u8t.

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    C@ hai cch ph;n h&5ch hiAn nhi1n# Cch )u t$n 2, cho 9d$ ng";$ v,o 91t !hn

    hoch r$ng 4Lef YGarahZ7 Lf YanaZ7 i tng

    c1ng @E c \ !hn hoch cho \ ng";$6>

    Cch th+ ha$ 2, !hn hoch th,nh ha$ tD!7 91ttD! gW9 t(t c% nh[ng ng";$ ch& nng v, tD!

    c3n 2$ gW9 t(t c%nh[ng ng";$ khVng ch& nng>

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    h(ng php hc. :uan 't thuBc tInhW mut@c. c@ X ph;n h&5ch#

    Lv,ng f Y Garah7 ana7 jnn$87 art$8 Z

    Lnu f Y j28S7 L8t8r7 lohn Z

    L)^ f Y m99$28 Z

    4..1. 3 ch5i

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    YZng '( F[ c;y FA m\ t% ph;n h&5ch#

    4..1. 3 ch5i

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    Nhn ?]t#

    Tp n;u cha t&n ng+i h\ng chy n^ng2

    Tp F3 cha t&n ng+i chy n^ng2

    Tp 7ng cha lGn lBn ng+i chy n_ng 7 h\ngchy n^ng.

    Tip t>c ph;n h&5ch tp 7ng thnh X tp c&n#

    `ng2 Th8p J bnni*2 $arti*2 `ng2 T.nhJ earah 7

    `ng2Ca&J Yana

    4..1. 3 ch5i

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    4..1. 3 ch5i

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    Qu trnh ny c th tip t>c ch& Fn hi t8t c%cc nft l ca c;y h\ng cn lGn lBn gia chyn^ng 7 h\ng chy n^ng.

    :u trnh ny F,c gi l :u trnh "F;m ch[i".C;y m chfng ta Fang ?;y d)ng F,c gi l c;yFnh danh.

    Nu Dan F9u ta h\ng chn thuBc tInh mu t@cFA ph;n h&5ch m chn thuBc tInh hc nhchiu ca& chjng h5n FA ph;n h&5ch th 'a&kCui cZng th cch ph;n h&5ch n& ' tt h(nk

    4..1. 3 ch5i

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    "2"1

    "2"2

    "2"3

    "2"

    m chi

    Phng n chn thuc tnh phn hoch

    Pht sinh tp lut

    Ti u tp lut

    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    "ng tr!c mBt ngo r2 ta c9n ph%i Fi 7&h!ng n&k".

    ai ph(ng php Fnh gi d!i F;y ' gifp tachn F,c thuBc tInh ph;n h&5ch t5i mRi D!c

    ?;y d)ng c;y Fnh danh.

    4... 6hng 7n ch8n th9:c tnh ;h3n ho

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    a>u$n2anQuinlan :uyt Fnh thuBc tInh ph;n h&5ch DVng

    cch ?;y d)ng cc 7*ct&r FOc trng ch& mRi gi

    tr ca tng thuBc tInh dGn ?u8t 7 thuBc tInhm>c ti1u. c> thA nh 'au#

    KI$ 9d$ thu1c tnh .Bn Su(t j c3n c th- @X .Qng)- !hn hoch7 tnhJ

    Kj46 f 4 T4 7 re67 T4 7 r6 7 i7 T4 7 rn66

    4... 6hng 7n ch8n th9:c tnh ;h3n ho

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    T4M2 ri6 J 4tqng ' ph9n tH tr&ng ph;n h&5ch c@gi tr thuBc tInh dGn ?u8t b l M 7 c@ gi trthuBc tInh m>c ti1u l ri6 4tqng ' ph9n tHtr&ng ph;n h&5ch c@ gi tr thuBc tInh dGn ?u8tb l M6

    Tr&ng F@ rK2 rL2 s 2 rnl cc gi tr ca thuBctInh m>c ti1u

    4... 6hng 7n ch8n th9:c tnh ;h3n ho

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    mBt thuBc tInh b c@ thA nhn mBt tr&ng gi trhc nhau th n@ ' c@ 7*ct&r FOc trng.

    =Bt 7*ct&r `4bM6 F,c gi l 7*ct&r F(n 7 nu

    n@ ch c@ duy nh8t mBt thnh ph9n c@ gi tr K7 nhng thnh ph9n hc c@ gi tr v.

    ThuBc tInh F,c chn FA ph;n h&5ch l thuBc

    tInh c@ nhiu 7*ct&r F(n 7 nh8t.

    4... 6hng 7n ch8n th9:c tnh ;h3n ho

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    ThuBc tInh mu t@c c@ X gi tr hc nhau 47ng2 F32 n;u6n1n ' c@ X 7*ct&r FOc trng t(ng ng l# `T@c47ng6J 4T47ng2 chy n^ng62 T47ng2 h\ng chy n^ng66

    e ng+i t@c 7ng l# w e ng+i t@c 7ng 7 chy n^ng l# L e ng+i t@c 7ng 7 h\ng chy n^ng l# L

    Y& F@# `T@c47ng6J 4Lw 2 Lw6 J 4v.2 v.6 T(ng t) `T@c4n;u6J 4vX2 XX6 J 4v2K6 47*ct&r F(n 76

    e ng+i t@c n;u l# X e ng+i t@c n;u 7 chy n^ng l# v e ng+i t@c n;u 7 h\ng chy n^ng l# X

    `T@c4F36J 4KK2 vK6 J 4K2v6 47*ct&r F(n 76

    Tqng ' 7*ct&r F(n 7 ca thuBc tInh t@c 7ng l L

    4... 6hng 7n ch8n th9:c tnh ;h3n ho

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    Cc thuBc tInh hc F,c tInh t(ng t)2 t :u% nh 'au# KC>Cao4Cao6f 4p76 f 4p7e6 KC>Cao4T>`6f 47e6 KC>Cao4Th(!6f 4e76

    KC>N_ng 4Nh56f 4e7e6 KC>N_ng 4T>`6f 4e76 KC>N_ng 4N_ng6f 4e76

    K89 4C6f 47p6 f 4e7p6 K89 4hVng6f 4s7s6

    thu1c tnh 9,u tc c @? v8ctor )#n v nh$u nh(t nn)"

    4... 6hng 7n ch8n th9:c tnh ;h3n ho

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    tip t>c ph;n h&5ch tp 7ng.tInh 7*ct&r FOc trng Fi 7!i cc thuBc tInh cn

    l5i 4chiu ca&2 c;n nOng2 dZng *m6. tp d liUu

    cn l5i l#

    4... 6hng 7n ch8n th9:c tnh ;h3n ho

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    4... 6hng 7n ch8n th9:c tnh ;h3n ho

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    KC>Cao4Cao6f 4pe7ee6 f 4p7e6

    KC>Cao4T>`6f 4ee7pe6 f 4e7p6

    KC>Cao4Th(!6f 4e7e6

    KC>N_ng 4Nh56f 4e7e6

    KC>N_ng 4T>`6f 4e7e6

    KC>N_ng 4N_ng6f 4p7p6

    K89 4C6f 4p76 f 4p7e6

    K89 4hVng6f 47p6 f 4e7p6

    4... 6hng 7n ch8n th9:c tnh ;h3n ho

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    L thuBc tInh dZng *m 7 chiu ca& Fu c@ L7*ct&r F(n 7.

    Tuy nhi1n2 ' ph;n h&5ch ca thuBc tInh dZng

    *m l It h(n n1n chn ph;n h&5ch th*& thuBctInh dZng *m.

    C;y Fnh danh cui cZng nh 'au#

    4... 6hng 7n ch8n th9:c tnh ;h3n ho

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    4... 6hng 7n ch8n th9:c tnh ;h3n ho

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    *>1 )o hdn 2onng 7!i mRi thuBc tInh dGn ?u8t ta c9n tInh FB

    F& hRn l&5n 7 l)a chn thuBc tInh n& c@ FB F&hRn l&5i th8p nh8t. C\ng thc tInh nh 'au#

    4... 6hng 7n ch8n th9:c tnh ;h3n ho

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    "2"1

    "2"2

    "2"3

    "2"

    m chi

    Phng n chn thuc tnh phn hoch

    Pht sinh tp lut

    Ti u tp lut

    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    Ngu&n tc !ht @$nh tD! 2uDtJng 7!i mRi nft l2 Fi t Fnh ch& Fn nft l F@

    7 pht 'inh ra lut t(ng ng.

    C> thA l t c;y Fnh danh t :u% P tr1n ta c@cc lut 'au 4?]t cc nft l t tri 'ang ph%i6

    4=u t@c 7ng6 7 4c@ dZng *m6 h\ng chy n^ng

    4=u t@c 7ng6 7 4h\ng dZng *m6 chy n^ng 4=u t@c n;u6 h\ng chy n^ng

    4=u t@c F36 chy n^ng

    4..=. 6h7t sinh t>; l9>t

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    "2"1

    "2"2

    "2"3

    "2"

    m chi

    Phng n chn thuc tnh phn hoch

    Pht sinh tp lut

    Ti u tp lut

    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    a>o$ *^ 9nh ) thaph(ng php l&5i D3 mUnh F tha d)a 7& d

    liUu.`!i 7I d> 7 tp lut Fo c@ P ph9n tr!c2 hoy

    :uan 't lut 'au# 4=u t@c 7ng6 7 4c@ dZng *m6 h\ng chy n^ng

    4..4. T?i 9 t>; l9>t

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    lp D%ng C&ntig*ncy2 thng 1 nhng ng+i c@dZng *m t(ng ng 7!i t@c mu 7ng 7 Dchy n^ng hay h\ng. Tr&ng d liUu Fo ch&2 c@X ng+i h\ng dZng *m.

    4..4. T?i 9 t>; l9>t

    Kh"ng ch#$ n0ng Ch#$ n0ng

    1u 2ng 3 4

    1u kh#c 5 4

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    Th*& D%ng thng 1# thuBc tInh t@c 7ng h\ng t lunchy n^ng hay h\ng 4c% X ng+i dZng *m Fu h\ngchy n^ng6 n1n l&5i D3 thuBc tInh t@c 7ng ra h3i tplut.

    eau hi l&5i D3 mUnh F tha2 tp mUnh F tr&ng 7I d>tr1n ' cn#

    4c@ dZng *m6 h\ng chy n^ng

    4=u t@c 7ng6 7 4h\ng dZng *m6 chy n^ng

    4=u t@c n;u6 h\ng chy n^ng

    4=u t@c F36 chy n^ng

    4..4. T?i 9 t>; l9>t

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    gi% 'H lut ca chfng ta c@ n mUnh F#bK7 bL7 s 7 bn/

    A iAm tra ?*m c@ thA l&5i D3 mUnh F bihay

    h\ng2 hoy lp ra mBt tp h,p Da& g[m ccph9n tH th3a t8t c% mUnh F bK2 bL2 s bi2 bixK2

    s2 bn4lu # h\ng c9n ?]t l c@ th3a b ihay

    h\ng2 ch c9n th3a cc mUnh F cn l5i lF,c6

    4..4. T?i 9 t>; l9>t

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    eau F@2 D5n hoy lp D%ng C&ntig*ncy nh 'au#

    4..4. T?i 9 t>; l9>t

    6

    6

    %* + 7

    %* 8 9

    Tr&ng F@#

    z l ' ph9n tH tr&ng th3a c% b i7 /.

    { l ' ph9n tH tr&ng th3a bi7 h\ng th3a /

    l ' ph9n tH tr&ng h\ng th3a bi7 th3a /

    l ' ph9n tH tr&ng h\ng th3a bi7 h\ng th3a /

    Nu tqng {x J v th c@ thA l&5i D3 mUnh F bira h3i lut.

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    *>& .:ng 9nh ) 9_c )nhmBt 78n F FOt ra l#

    hi gOp ph%i mBt tr+ng h,p m t8t c% cc lut

    Fu h\ng th3a th ph%i lm nh th n&k =Btcch hnh FBng l FOt ra mBt lut mOc Fnh F5il&5i nh#

    N'u khVng c 2uDt n,o th^a ch& nng 4e6Ho_c

    N'u khVng c 2uDt n,o th^a khVng ch& nng>46

    4..4. T?i 9 t>; l9>t

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    i% 'H ta chn lut mOc Fnh l 4L6 th tp lutca chfng ta ' trP thnh#

    4=u t@c 7ng6 7 4h\ng dZng *m6 chy n^ng

    4=u t@c F36 chy n^ng Nu h\ng c@ lut n& th3a h\ng chy n^ng. 4L6

    4..4. T?i 9 t>; l9>t

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    4. C *+", C&C ' /0", C' 2" /A"

    01t @? qu& tc kh$ chn 2uDt 9_c )nhJ

    4K6 Chn lut mOc Fnh 'a& ch& n@ c@ thA thay th ch&nhiu lut nh8t.

    4L6 Chn lut mOc Fnh c@ t lun phq Din nh8t. 4X6 Chn lut mOc Fnh 'a& ch& tqng ' mUnh F ca

    cc lut m n@ thay th l nhiu nh8t.

    4..4. T?i 9 t>; l9>t

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    T@ng Bt chng 4

    T*?tK

    T*?tL

    T*?tX

    T*?tw

    T*?tT*?t|

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    TRNG CAO NG CNTT HU NGH ViT - HN

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    TRNG CAO NG CNTT HU NGH ViT - HN

    KHOA KHOA HC MY TNH-----------***-----------